Prevent Heat Transfer Research Articles

Contamination in Heat Exchangers: Types, Energy Effects and Prevention Methods

Exchangers are thoroughly used equipment for heat transfer. These equipment play a climacteric role in variegated business administration and buildings by providing heat exchange between two fluids. However, over time, exchangers can be subject to variegated problems such as contamination and sediment build-up. This can diminish heat transfer efficiency, leading to energy waste and equipment malfunctions. Calcification is a problem that comes off when water becomes saturated with hard minerals and exceeds the solubility of these minerals. These minerals precipitate as a consequence of water evaporation or chemical reactions and form a solid layer called limestone. Limescale can bring variegated problems in homes, business administration, and water transportation systems. Lime accumulates on heat transfer superficies, reducing the superficies area of ​​these superficies. This reduces the superficies area available for heat transfer and inhibits heat transfer. The thermal conductivity of lime is lower than water. Scale, which is the formation of a scale layer on heat transfer superficies, reduces the thermal conductivity of these superficies and prevents heat transfer. This study focuses on the types of contamination in heat exchangers, the effect of contamination on heat transfer and other factors, and methods of clogging.

Effect of zirconium carbide coating on thermal behavior of heavy duty V12 diesel engine using finite element method

Thermal losses and emissions are considered as major contributing factors in decreasing the efficiency of engines and life span of engines. To prevent heat losses and emissions, thermal ceramic coatings are considered as potential contenders. Moreover, ceramic coatings also prevent engine parts from damage due to thermal stresses. In this computational study, the effect of Zirconium Carbide coating on the thermal behavior of V12 engine is explored. Geometry of V12 engine’s piston and cylinder is generated in SolidWorks 2016. After that, piston’s surface and cylinder’s inner walls are coated with Zirconium Carbide ceramic coating and thermal behavior is analyzed using ANSYS Workbench 19.2. Two cases are discussed in this work. In the first case, piston is made of Al-3003 alloy and cylinder walls are made of gray cast iron whereas in the second case, whole assembly is made of Al-3003 alloy. Temperature and heat flux profiles of both the cases are compared with coating and without coating. Maximum temperature is recorded to be at the top of piston head surface. The results show 44.9% increase in maximum temperature for the first case whereas 83.5% increase in the second case. Heat flux results after show reduction after coating. Zirconium Carbide ceramic coatings can act as thermal barrier and prevent engine parts from thermal stresses. Moreover, it provides insulation to cylinder which prevents heat transfer and retains more temperature inside the cylinder which in turn enhances the efficiency.

The uniqueness of flexible and mouldable thermal insulation materials in thermal protection systems—A comprehensive review

The uniqueness of flexible and mouldable thermal insulation materials in thermal protection systems—A comprehensive review

High-entropy strategy for high-temperature broadband infrared radiation and low thermal conductivity

Developing high-performance infrared radiation ceramic materials with desired broadband emissivity while reducing thermal conductivity to prevent heat transfer is highly desirable for emerging industrial and aerospace applications. Nevertheless, it remains a grand challenge to simultaneously meet these requirements in existing infrared radiation ceramic materials. Herein, a high-entropy strategy is employed to enhance the high-temperature infrared radiation property with a high emissivity above 0.9 at room temperature and 0.68 at 1200 °C across the entire range of wavelength (1–14 μm), and integrate a low thermal conductivity (<0.88 W m−1 K−1 at 1000 °C) and remarkable mechanical properties. High-entropy rare earth (RE) disilicates ((Y0.4Yb0.4Tm0.1Lu0.05Ho0.05)2Si2O7) ceramic coating with high lattice entropy has a more complex electronic structure, inducing lattice distortion and extra multi-mode vibrations, which boosts the emissivity in mid-infrared range (3–14 μm). Meanwhile, the high-entropy strategy prompts the formation of impurity energy levels as gap states, achieving optical absorption at low photon energies, and thus enhancing the emissivity in near-infrared range (1–3 μm). Simultaneously, (Y0.4Yb0.4Tm0.1Lu0.05Ho0.05)2Si2O7) ceramic coating owns diffusion-mediated thermal transport properties with strong phonon scattering, assisted further by the lamellar porous structure, thereby enabling a low thermal conductivity. The excellent mechanical properties ensure the reliability of the coating in extreme environments. All these merits render the high-entropy ceramic coating competitive for the development of high-temperature broadband high-emissivity thermal radiation materials.

Research on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of RP-3 and structural optimization in parallel bending cooling channels

The regenerative cooling channel is curved due to the unique structural form of the combined nozzle of the turbine-based combined cycle engine for hypersonic flight. Research on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of fuel in the parallel bending cooling channels is insufficient, which causes difficulties in properly designing the thermal protection structure of the combined nozzle. This paper numerically investigated of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel RP-3 under non-uniform heating conditions in parallel bending cooling channels. The basic heat flux is 0.50 MW/m2, and the heat flux ratio of the upper and lower channels is 1.2, 1.5, and 2.4 respectively. The heat transfer and flow distribution mechanisms of RP-3 in parallel bending channels are revealed. The bending structure is beneficial to reduce thermal stratification and prevent heat transfer deterioration caused by buoyancy. In the pseudo-critical region of the channel, a “thermal insulation zone” is formed due to the low thermal conductivity of RP-3, which hinders the transfer of heat to the mainstream and causes heat transfer deterioration. When the fluid temperature is below 455 K, viscosity is the primary factor affecting the flow resistance difference between parallel channels. As the temperature further increases, the density difference and velocity difference between the parallel channels dominate in the flow resistance differences. Additionally, a connected hole structure in the middle of the bending section has been applied to optimize the flow deviation of parallel bending channels, which promotes the secondary distribution of flow. Finally, the influence mechanism of the connected hole on flow distribution has been studied under different heat flux ratios and connected hole widths.

Thermal properties of nanofluids using hydrophilic and hydrophobic LiYF4:Yb/Er upconverting nanoparticles.

Luminescent nanoparticles have shown great potential for thermal sensing in bio-applications. Nonetheless, these materials lack water dispersibility that can be overcome by modifying their surface properties with water dispersible molecules such as cysteine. Herein, we employ LiYF4:Er3+/Yb3+ upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) capped with oleate or modified with cysteine dispersed in cyclohexane or in water, respectively, as thermal probes. Upconversion emission was used to sense temperature with a relative thermal sensitivity of ∼1.24% K-1 (at 300 K) and a temperature uncertainty of 0.8 K for the oleate capped and of 0.5 K for cysteine modified NPs. To study the effect of the cysteine modification in the heat transfer processes, the thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was determined, yielding 0.123(6) W m-1 K-1 for the oleate capped UCNPs dispersed in cyclohexane and 0.50(7) W m-1 K-1 for the cysteine modified UCNPs dispersed in water. Moreover, through the heating curves, the nanofluids' thermal resistances were estimated, showing that the cysteine modification partially prevents heat transfer.

Insulation Material Selection and Curtain Mechanism Design for Rubber Injection Molds

In this study, the selection of thermal insulation materials and the design of a mechanical insulation curtain for rubber injection molds were discussed. First, experimental tests were performed on a rubber mold to determine the most suitable insulation materials, which were mica plate, resin bonded glass fiber plate and ceramic fiber paper. Cost and thermal performances were also analyzed for these materials. According to experimental observations ceramic paper is considered the most suitable product for curtain material. Furthermore, a new design is proposed which has a radiation curtain mechanism. It was developed for rubber presses without requiring special materials for each mold. This mechanism presents an innovative design for preventing heat transfer in this type of manufacturing process.

Research and analysis of a thermal optimisation design method for aluminium alloy pistons in diesel engines

To further improve the thermal state of the piston for better thermal design, a multi-objective optimisation algorithm was used in this paper to find the best combination of design variables. The results show that thermal barrier coating (TBC) can effectively prevent heat transfer to the piston, and the thicker the ceramic layer, the better the thermal insulation effect. The maximum temperature and maximum thermal stress of the optimised piston matrix can be reduced by a maximum of 55.54 °C and 43.94 MPa, with a reduction of 15.08 % and 25.43 %, respectively, compared with that of the aluminium alloy piston of 368.39 °C and 172.76 MPa. Moreover, the thermal stress at the bottom of the combustion chamber, a larger cross-sectional area of the cooling gallery can dissipate more heat, which can have a more significant impact compared to the thickness of the ceramic layer. The large temperature gradient causes the maximum thermal stresses of the TBC piston to occur on the surface where the metal bonding layer contacts the piston matrix. Such high thermal stress is the main cause of coating delamination. The findings of this study can provide a reference for improving the thermal state of the piston and enhancing the engine performance.

Exploration of low heat rejection engine characteristics powered with carbon nanotubes-added waste plastic pyrolysis oil

Compression ignition (CI)-powered alternative energy sources are currently the main focus due to the constantly rising worldwide demand for energy and the growing industrialization of the automotive sector. Due to their difficulty of disposal, non-degradable plastics contribute significantly to solid waste and pollution. The waste plastics were simply dropped into the sea, wasting no energy in the process. Attempts have been made to convert plastic waste into usable energy through recycling. Waste plastic oil (WPO) is produced by pyrolyzing waste plastic to produce a fuel that is comparable to diesel. Initially, a standard CI engine was utilized for testing with diesel and WPO20 (20% WPO+80% diesel). When compared to conventional fuel, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of WPO20 dropped by 3.2%, although smoke, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were reasonably reduced. As a result, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions decreased while HC and CO emissions marginally increased in subsequent studies utilizing WPO20 with the addition of 5% water. When combined with WPO20 emulsion, nanoadditives have the potential to significantly cut HC and CO emissions without impacting performance. The possibility of incorporating nanoparticles into fuel to improve performance and lower NOx emissions should also be explored. In order to reduce heat loss through the coolant, prevent heat transfer into the cylinder liner, and increase combustion efficiency, the thermal barrier coating (TBC) material is also coated inside the combustion chamber surface. In this work, low heat rejection (LHR) engines powered by emulsion WPO20 containing varying percentages of carbon nanotubes (CNT) are explored. The LHR engine was operated with a combination of 10 ppm, 20 ppm, and 30 ppm CNT mixed with WPO20. It was shown that while using 20 ppm of CNT with WPO20, smoke, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide emissions were reduced by 11.9%, 21.8%, and 22.7%, respectively, when compared to diesel operating in normal mode. The LHR engine achieved the greatest BTE of 31.7% as a result of the improved emulsification and vaporization induced by CNT-doped WPO20. According to the study's findings, WPO20 with 20 ppm CNT is the most promising low-polluting fuel for CI engines.

Tensile testing at the Extremely Low Temperature of 6K : Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Fe-Mn-Cr Steel

Materials with superior cryogenic strength and good ductility are increasingly in demand for resident friendly liquid-hydrogen (20K) storage tanks. Additionally, the space industry also requires materials that retain excellent mechanical properties at extremely low temperatures. However, mechanical testing at such low temperatures is highly limited due to the difficulties in achieving and maintaining such conditions, while also providing adequate thermal insulation to prevent heat transfer from the surrounding environment. In this study, we present a novel tensile testing technique for a Fe-15Mn-13Cr-3Si-3Ni-0.1C (wt.%) steel at the temperature of liquid helium. To minimize the use of expensive liquid helium, we adopted a method of injecting liquid helium vapor and set the temperature for tensile testing at 6 K. The present alloy has a single face-centered cubic (FCC) structure with a large amount of stacking faults after annealing treatment. The Fe-Mn-Cr steel exhibited a superior ultimate tensile strength of 1200 MPa and good ductility of 35% at 6K. Moreover, compared with room temperature tensile tests, discontinuous plastic flow, i.e. serrated flow, occurred at extremely low temperature.

Experimental study on affordable thermal insulation of exhaust manifolds using modified sheep wool waste

Internal Combustion (I.C.) engines generate lot of heat during high-speed operations. In order to prevent this heat loss, thermal insulation is mandatory to prevent heat transfer from the exhaust to the adjacent parts. The main aim of this work is to develop a thermally insulating material placed inside the catalytic converter to block the withdrawal of heat from the converter. This insulating material is usually placed between the heat shields for better heat dissipation. Comparison studies is executed between two different types of insulation material such as conventional Z-mat and super wool at various temperatures ranging from 200 °C to 800 °C for a period of 60 min and distortion results are noted at each temperature. Muffler furnace is used for the heat treatment analysis of the fabricated super wool. The composition of the novel fabricated super wool material can withstand all temperature levels between 200 °C and 800 °C, but the conventional Z-mat is suitable only up to 600 °C, where the Z-mat structure lost its capacity of insulation. Hence, the fabricated super wool material is more suitable for insulating catalytic converters and thereby it enhances the performance of engine with longer durability. In addition, hot vibration test is conducted for a duration of 50 h to check the thermal resistance capability of the super wool material. It is found that the thermal insulation is intact in position with absence of cracks or failures, inlet face erosion and retention losses. The fabricated thermal insulation mats from sheep wool waste also passed thermal shock test performed for 1500 thermal cycles. Thereby, this sort of sheep wool based affordable thermal insulation can be used for applications associated with larger thermal gradients to control the thermal-related errors such as shrinkage, warpage and distortion, which can also be extended to acoustic absorption.

Influence of Gravity on Passively Cooled Heat Sink Using Experimental Data and Finite Element Analysis

This paper studies the effect of gravity orientation on a heat sink, used to passively cool a thick film resistor, by changing the assembly orientation. Using the same geometry and boundary conditions as in the experimental setup, finite element simulations were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of Siemens Flotherm XT 2021.2 simulation software. In order to determine the influence of heat sink orientation, experimental measurements were performed on the resistor and heat sink temperature using thermocouples. Siemens Simcenter Flotherm XT 2021.2 software (Siemens, Munich, Germany) was used to perform finite element simulation. The influence of the heat sink position was evaluated on two setups, one where the resistor is placed directly on the heat sink using screws, and the second one, where a thermal pad was placed between the resistor and the heat sink. Screws were to clamp the parts in both cases. In total, four experiments and simulations were performed with two assemblies with two different gravity orientations for each assembly. In all the cases, the heat sink was placed on a wooden structure to prevent heat transfer through conduction, due to poor thermal conductivity of wood, and to allow unrestricted air flow underneath and around the heat sink. The first simulation was then calibrated for the first scenario, and the rest of the simulations were made using the calibrated one. No other changes in boundary conditions were made. Temperature measurements show an improved cooling when the air speed between the heat sink fins is enhanced due to natural hot air movement generated by the gravity. Gravity has an influence on the cooling regardless of the presence or absence of a thermal interface material. Measured temperatures were reduced up to 8.2 °C due to the rotation of the heatsink. Finite element analysis shows similar temperature values to the measured ones in all the scenarios.

A novel dry water with perfluorohexanone for explosion suppression of AlH3

AlH3 is a promising candidate for hydrogen storage, but has high explosion risk. To prevent the accident of AlH3, the novel dry water (DW) was applied to the suppression of AlH3 explosion, and the addition of perfluorohexone improved the suppression effect significantly. When the mass fraction of 16.70wt% perfluorohexanone-modified dry water (PMDW) was added with 700 g/m3, the maximum explosion pressure decreased by 54.37 %, and the maximum explosion pressure rising rate dropped by 98.80 %. The 3-dimensional network structure of silica, adsorbing flame radicals and preventing heat transfer, was proved to play a pivotal role in the explosion suppression by HRTEM and NMR. The evaporation and decomposition of the internal solution would greatly improve the cooling effect. CF2 captured H, O, and OH radicals in the flame and interrupted the free radical chain reaction. Our work is a step towards the application of eco-friendly DW in the field of explosion suppression.

The Coupled Thermo-Chemo-Mechanical Peridynamics for ZrB2 Ceramics Ablation Behavior

The ablation of ultra-high-temperature ceramics (UTHCs) is a complex physicochemical process including mechanical behavior, temperature effect, and chemical reactions. In order to realize the structural optimization and functional design of ultra-high temperature ceramics, a coupled thermo-chemo-mechanical bond-based peridynamics (PD) model is proposed based on the ZrB2 ceramics oxidation kinetics model and coupled thermo-mechanical bond-based peridynamics. Compared with the traditional coupled thermo-mechanical model, the proposed model considers the influence of chemical reaction process on the ablation resistance of ceramic materials. In order to verify the reliability of the proposed model, the thermo-mechanical coupling model, damage model and oxidation kinetic model are established respectively to investigate the applicability of the proposed model proposed in dealing with thermo-mechanical coupling, crack propagation, and chemical reaction, and the results show that the model is reliable. Finally, the coupled thermo-mechanical model and coupled thermo-chemo-mechanical model are used to simulate the crack propagation process of the plate under the thermal shock load, and the results show that the oxide layer plays a good role in preventing heat transfer and protecting the internal materials. Based on the PD fully coupled thermo-mechanical model, this paper innovatively introduces the oxidation kinetic model to analyze the influence of parameter changes caused by oxide layer growth and chemical growth strain on the thermal protection ability of ceramics. The proposed model provides an effective simulation technology for the structural design of UTHCs.

Termička barijera u zavarenim spojevima ugljeničnih čelika

When welding carbon steels, a part of the metal of the heat affected zone directly next to the weld bath undergoes austenitic transformation, which is characterized by a combination of minimal thermal conductivity and high thermal capacity. This zone represents a thermal barrier and prevents heat transfer from the weld bath to the base metal. In addition, this zone is able to accumulate and retain a significant amount of heat for a certain period of time. In the heating phase, this barrier has a positive effect on the formation of welded joints, and in the cooling phase it causes a negative effect - the formation of hot or cold cracks, overheating and brittleness of the metal. The negative influence of the thermal barrier on the metal of welded joints increases with the increase of carbon content and alloying elements in steel, and also with the increase of heat input into the welded joint. Currently, an effective means of reducing the negative impact of the thermal barrier on the metal of welded joints is to reduce the heat input to the welded joints and their periodic cooling. Maximum efficiency is achieved in the case of a combination of these two techniques.

The connection between air flow regime and heat transfer in the boundary layer of the brake disc cooling unit

The boundary layer of the air flow blowing the surfaces of the brake mechanism prevents heat transfer from heated surfaces. The obtained analytical dependences of the velocities` and temperatures` distribution in the boundary layer represent the field of the boundary layer as a multilayer structural model, the laws of change in the velocities and temperatures of the air flow blowing depend on various sub layers of the boundary layer. According to these analytical dependencies, a thermal model “ventilated brake disc - external condition” was developed. The thicknesses of the boundary layers of the air flow blowing on the various surfaces of the brake disc are determined by various processes. For the working surfaces of the brake disc, the determining criterion is the thickness of the diffusion layer, while for the surfaces of the ventilation apparatus, the criterion for estimating the thickness of the boundary layer is thermal processes. In future, the developed thermal model “ventilated brake disc – external condition” should be the basis for thermal calculations in designing disc-shoe type brake mechanisms.

The Effects of Ionic Liquid Addition on the Heat of Polymerization of Additive Manufacturing Resins

Ionic liquids can be utilized in stereolithography (SLA) additive manufacturing resins to adjust multiple parameters of the resulting polymer, such as chemical stability, temperature stability, and other key physical properties. While studies into these properties are ongoing, little is known about the effects the presence of these ILs has on the polymerization process. This study intends to use a new technique incorporating acoustic levitation, FLIR thermography, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to provide insight into heat of polymerization of the resins utilizing an approach previously developed in the Duranty laboratory. This technique allows a small amount of liquid to levitate in standing sound waves generated by transducers at the top and bottom of a 3D printed scaffolding. This novel approach maximizes the probability of heat transfer via convection (through the air/surrounding medium) while preventing heat transfer via conduction (through direct contact) that is normally observed in container methods, allowing for direct thermal imaging of the captured droplets. Two 405 nm lasers, mounted at the top and bottom of the apparatus, are utilized to mimic the lasers of SLA 3D printing which initiate the polymerization process. This apparatus allows for the direct observation of the temperature changes during the polymerization process.A variety of ionic liquids were used in this investigation in order to study to effects of structure changes and ion effects. The study observed the effects of alkyl chain length, functional groups on the alkyl chain, anion effects, aromatic vs. non-aromatic, and potential co-polymer ionic liquids. Each ionic liquid was added to the commercial Clear V4 resin from Formlabs in the amount of 10 to 50 wt% ionic liquid. Once the mixtures were homogenous, 5 µL of each IL/resin mixture was suspended in the acoustic field. Thermographic data was collected before, during, and after the polymerization process which was initiated by exposure to 405 nm lasers. The heats of polymerization for each sample were calculated using heat capacity data collected via DSC along with the change in temperature of the droplet observed by FLIR thermographic imaging of the suspended droplet during polymerization. Thermal degradation temperatures of the resulting polymer matrices were determined via thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The combination of this data revealed that the addition of some of the ionic liquids targeted in this study reduced the heat of polymerization, while others increased it. Therefore, the cation and anion structures greatly impact the heat of polymerization. Figure 1

Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy of the Hydroxyapatite Nanorods/Sodium Alginate Composite Aerogel with a Double-Crosslinked Structure.

As advanced thermal management materials, aerogels have great research value in the fields of engineering insulation, pipeline transportation, and packaging insulation. The composite interaction of the two-phase interface and the construction of a porous structure have an important impact on the thermal properties. Herein, a novel HANRs/SAB composite aerogel was prepared using sodium alginate (SA) with hydroxyapatite nanorods (HANRs), combined with boric acid crosslinking and freeze drying. In the prepared sample, the calcium ions in HANRs and SA formed the first layer of binding force and the chemical crosslinking of sodium alginate with boric acid formed the second layer of strong binding force, which effectively supported the skeleton of the aerogel and enhanced the overall mechanical properties. The modulus and maximum compressive strength of the obtained HANRs/SAB aerogel were 2.39 and 0.75 MPa, respectively, while the bulk density was 0.038-0.068 g·cm-3. Based on the prominent physical structure, the as-prepared HANRs/SAB aerogel exhibited good thermal insulation (∼35.15 mW·m-1·K-1) and outstanding flame retardant performance. Flame-retardant boric acid and high-thermal stability HANRs could effectively prevent heat transfer and organic combustion, thus resulting in an extremely low smoke gas release (11.3 m2 m-2). Therefore, the low-cost biopolymer composite aerogel based on a crosslinking strategy has broad application prospects in the field of thermal insulation and flame retardancy.

A new thermal protective clothing design with silica aerogel filled acrylic nanofibers

PurposeFirefighters are exposed to high outdoor temperature and heat stress caused by metabolic activities during firefighting and should wear protective clothing to ensure their safety and health. Traditional firefighter protective suits are bulky and heavy garments with reduced thermal comfort properties since the fabric thickness and moisture barrier layers prevent heat transfer of the garment and cause additional heat stress. The aim of this study is to reduce heat stress by creating a new fabric design with silica aerogel membrane as a moisture barrier for three-layer fabric system.Design/methodology/approachPolyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers were produced with three different silica aerogel contents and used for three-layered clothing system as a moisture barrier for giving desired protectiveness and thermal comfort to firefighters. Different fabric combinations were designed using two types of outer shell fabrics, two types of moisture barrier fabrics, two types of thermal barrier fabrics and PAN/silica aerogel membranes.FindingsThe results show that a lighter fabric system with improved wearer’s mobility and thermal comfort properties (thermal resistance and moisture permeability) is achieved with the use of PAN/silica aerogel membrane as an intermediate layer compared to commercial thermal protective fabric systems.Originality/valueDifferently from traditional thermal protective clothing, which may not provide adequate protection in long-term heat conditions or when exposed to flash fire, a new thermal protective clothing has been developed to be used in extremely hot environments, providing desired technical and performance properties, ease to wear comfort.

Synthesis and properties of a new halogen-free flame-retardant epoxy resin flame retardant

PurposeThis paper aims to study a new halogen-free fame-retardant curing agent 1-aminoethylidenediphosphonate (AAEDP).Design/methodology/approachThe AAEDP was synthesized by phosphoric acid, acetonitrile and ammonia. The chemical structures of AAEDP were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) would study the thermal properties and the char residues of AAEDP/EP. The thermal stability, mechanical and flame properties and morphology for the char layer of composite materials were separately investigated using TGA, tensile and charpy impact tests, limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 HB flammability standard (UL-94) and SEM.FindingsThe results showed that the AAEDP had been prepared successfully. When the intumescent flame retardant was added into the EP, the LOI of composite material was improved.Research limitations/implicationsThe AAEDP can be prepared successfully and can improve the flame resistance of composite material.Practical implicationsThe AAEDP has excellent flame-retardant properties and produce no toxic fumes when burnt in case of fire.Originality/valueThe results showed that the phosphorus content of AAEDP was 2.958 Wt.%; the impact and tensile strength of the composite material were 6.417 kJ m−2 and 38.0 MPa, respectively; and the LOI and UL-94 were 29.7% and V-0 ranking, respectively. The TGA results indicated that the carbon residue ratio can be increased by 1000°C in air. The denser and more uniform structure of residual carbon prevents heat transfer and diffusion, restricts the production of combustible gas and reduces the rate of heat release.