Prevalence Of Hypodontia Research Articles

An Audit Of The Referral Letter Received At Klinik Pakar Orthodontik Jln Abd Samad

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and the pattern of hypodontia among orthodontic patients in Klinik Pergigian Jalan Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study where 351 orthodontic patients records (comprises of 104 males and 247 females), were reviewed. The records were evaluated by a trained dental officer between October 2016 and June 2017. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Tests were carried out for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 10.8%. Thirty-eight (38) patients were found to have at least a single missing tooth. A significant difference was found between males and females having hypodontia (p = 0.048). No significant difference was found for hypodontia patients by races (p = 0.829). The maxillary lateral incisor was the most frequently missing tooth followed by mandibular second premolar and mandibular lateral incisor. Hypodontia cases observed, tended to be more likely occurred in the upper left arch compared to the lower arch. The majority of hypodontia patients had a single missing tooth, but rarely more than 3 missing teeth. Hypodontia patients had mainly Class III malocclusion, however no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.081). Conclusion(s): The prevalence of hypodontia of this study was within the range of what is being reported in the literature and showed gender significant. In this sample, hypodontia mainly involved maxillary lateral incisors; more prevalent in the upper arch; and mostly observed in patients with Class III malocclusion. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are essential. Therefore, alternative treatment modalities can be well planned under multidisciplinary team approach in restoring the aesthetic and function.

Prevalence of dental agenesis in a sample of Italian orthodontic patients: an epidemiological study

BackgroundThe congenital absence of one or more teeth is a dental anomaly that frequently occurs in the world’s population with a wide variability of distribution. The aim of this study is to assess the current prevalence of dental agenesis in the permanent dentition (excluding third molars) using a sample of Italian orthodontic patients.MethodsPanoramic radiographs of 4006 Caucasian children between 9 and 16 years of age (1865 males and 2141 females) performed over a 5-year period (from 2010 to 2015) were carefully examined to identify congenital missing teeth. A chi-square test was used to determine the difference in the prevalence of hypodontia between genders and between arches.ResultsThe prevalence of dental agenesis was 9% (9.1% for females and 8.7% for males). The most common congenitally missing teeth were the mandibular second premolars (20.3 and 18.1%) followed by the upper lateral incisors (17.8 and 17.7%) and the maxillary second premolars (7.4 and 6.3%). The absence of one tooth to five teeth was observed in 344 patients (8.6%), while 15 patients showed from six to nine missing teeth (0.4%). The analysis showed 363 cases of agenesis in the upper arch (0.64%) and 339 in the lower arch (0.60%). Unilateral (4.6%) and bilateral (4.4%) agenesis demonstrated a similar frequency. The most common bilateral missing teeth were the mandibular second premolars (1.9%) and the maxillary lateral incisors (1.6%).ConclusionsThe results of this study observed a higher prevalence of hypodontia compared to previous studies conducted on the Italian population. Thus, a detailed and careful radiographic examination was important in diagnosing one or more missing teeth. This could help plan the best possible treatments, both esthetically and functionally, for these patients.

Prevalence of hypodontia of permanent dentition in a sample of orthodontic patients In Erbil City: An orthopantomograph study

Background and objective: Developmentally missing teeth include hypodontia, oligodontia, and anodontia. In the case of absence of one or more teeth or supernumerary one, the need for treatment is very great. Aesthetic concerns, periodontal diseases and malocclusion are some of the complications following hypodontia. This study aimed to find out the prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in Erbil orthodontic patients in relation to the side, jaw, tooth types and gender. Methods: Orthopantomograms of 600 patients (10-34 years old), seeking orthodontic treatment from different orthodontic clinics in Erbil city between 2014 and 2015 were evaluated. A tooth diagnosed as congenitally missing when cannot be identified or discerned radiographically on the basis of calcification and there is no evidence of extraction. Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.66%. Maxillary lateral incisors were most frequently missing (42.68%), followed by mandibular second premolars (19.51%). Hypodontia was more frequently found in females with no statistically significant difference. 62.5% of hypodontia located in maxilla while 27.5% located in the mandible and only 10% was in both arches in the same patient. Conclusion: The pattern and prevalence of hypodontia are different among races and ethnic groups. The prevalence of hypodontia in Erbil orthodontic patients was 6.6%. Upper lateral incisor was the most frequently missing teeth. Tooth agenesis in the upper arch was more prevalent than in the lower arch.

A Longitudinal Study of the Presence of Dental Anomalies in the Primary and Permanent Dentitions of Cleft Lip and/or Palate Patients.

The aim is to survey primary and permanent dental anomalies: hypodontia, microdontia, a supernumerary tooth, and fused teeth in patients with cleft lip and/or palate. Retrospective longitudinal study Subjects : The subjects were selected from all 1724 patients with cleft lip and/or palate who were registered at the orthodontic clinic of Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan, from 1970 to 2009. Finally, 994 subjects were evaluated for primary dentition, 1352 for permanent dentition, and 871 for the longitudinal changes from primary to permanent dentition. The prevalence of dental anomalies was compared for each tooth type, among various cleft types, between males and females, and between the alveolar cleft area and the noncleft area. The prevalence of hypodontia was 16.2% for primary dentition and 52.7% for permanent dentition in the subjects with cleft lip and/or palate. Hypodontia increased with the severity of the cleft type. Multiple hypodontia was found more frequently in the subjects with bilateral cleft lip and palate and the subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Microformed lateral incisors were found in 22.7% of permanent lateral incisors but not in primary dentition. Supernumerary teeth were found in 17.7% of the subjects with cleft lip and/or palate for primary maxillary dentition and in 5.7% for permanent maxillary dentition. The prevalence of hypodontia was greater in permanent dentition than in primary dentition; although, it was not much different between males and females or between the right and left sides. The prevalence of dental anomalies was significantly different among four groups by cleft type: cleft lip, cleft lip and alveolus, cleft lip and palate, and cleft palate.

Anomalies of permanent tooth number in three Asian ethnicities

Abstract Objective The objective of this comparative study was to determine the proportion and distribution of tooth number anomalies in the permanent dentition in a sample of Chinese, Indian and Malay orthodontic patients in Singapore. Methods The cross-sectional study was carried out using radiographic and clinical data from the National Dental Centre of Singapore. Panoramic radiographs and clinical records of 1080 (Chinese (N = 415), Indian (N = 317) and Malay (N = 348)) orthodontic patients aged 12 to 16 years were examined for evidence of tooth number anomalies. Fisher’s exact test was applied to compare the occurrence of hypodontia and hyperdontia between the ethnicities and genders. Results The prevalence of hypodontia in Chinese, Indian and Malay orthodontic patients was 13.7%, 6.0% and 14.4%, respectively. Chinese patients had a significantly higher prevalence of hypodontia compared with Indian patients (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.29–4.83, p < 0.001). Malay patients had a significantly higher prevalence of hypodontia compared with Indian patients (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.34–5.17, p < 0.001). The most commonly missing tooth in the Indian patients was the upper lateral incisor (39.0%), whereas that in the Chinese and Malay patients was the lower second premolar (26.1% and 26.2%, respectively). The prevalence of hyperdontia in Chinese, Indian and Malay patients was 7.0%, 3.8% and 7.8%, respectively. Male patients had a significantly higher prevalence of hyperdontia compared with female patients (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.14–3.07, p = 0.015). Supernumerary teeth occurred more frequently in the anterior maxilla (34.1%) than in other regions of the jaws. Supernumerary teeth also occurred more frequently in the maxilla (76.9%) than in the mandible (23.1%). Conclusion There are significant differences in the presentation of anomalies in tooth number in the permanent dentition of Chinese, Indian and Malay orthodontic patients in Singapore.

Dental Anomalies in Permanent Teeth and the Associated Etiological Factors among Fifteen Years-Old Students in Basrah City, Iraq

Background: Dental anomalies of teeth are major issue that contributes to dental problems encountered in general practice. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of dental anomalies and the associated etiological factors among 15 years old students in Basrah city –Iraq. Materials and methods: The total sample composed of 1000 students (435 males and 565 females) from urban area selected randomly from different high schools in the city. Diagnosis of dental anomalies were recorded by present or absent, diagnosis and recording of enamel defects were done according to the criteria of WHO (1997). Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 4.6%, Females have higher prevalence than males (5.8% females and 3.0% males), talon cusp prevalence was 37.0% (males 38.6% and females 35.8%), the prevalence of microdontia was 1.4% (males were equal to females 1.4%), the prevalence of supernumerary teeth, fusion, macrodontia and gemination was 0.8%, 0.7%, 0.1% and 0.1% respectively. The prevalence of enamel defects was 30.5%, demarcated opacities prevalence was 23.8%, it is the most prevalent type of enamel defects (males 20.5% and females 26.4%) followed by diffuse opacities 9.1% then enamel hypoplasia 0.4%. Conclusion: This study revealed that secondary school students have dental anomalies, some of them with high prevalence, while other has very low prevalence

Hypodontia: An Update on Its Etiology, Classification, and Clinical Management.

Hypodontia, or tooth agenesis, is the most prevalent craniofacial malformation in humans. It may occur as part of a recognised genetic syndrome or as a nonsyndromic isolated trait. Excluding third molars, the reported prevalence of hypodontia ranges from 1.6 to 6.9%, depending on the population studied. Most affected individuals lack only one or two teeth, with permanent second premolars and upper lateral incisors the most likely to be missing. Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the aetiology of hypodontia, with the latter playing a more significant role. Hypodontia individuals often present a significant clinical challenge for orthodontists because, in a number of cases, the treatment time is prolonged and the treatment outcome may be compromised. Hence, the identification of genetic and environmental factors may be particularly useful in the early prediction of this condition and the development of prevention strategies and novel treatments in the future.

Second premolar agenesis as a subclinical phenotype of isolated cleft palate.

To compare the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with isolated cleft palate with or without hypodontia of the second premolar. A total of 653 patients with isolated cleft palate aged 8-12 years were divided into two groups: G1-subjects without hypodontia of second premolar (n = 546) and G2-subjects with hypodontia of at least one-second premolar (n = 107). The control group consisted of 107 non-cleft orthodontic patients. Panoramic and periapical radiographs and dental casts were used to analyze the presence of dental anomalies. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the chi-square test complemented by Proportion test and Bonferroni test. G2 presented higher prevalence of hypodontia of other permanent teeth compared to G1 and control. Ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine and tooth transposition were more frequent in patients with a cleft compared to patients without a cleft, without statistical differences. Deciduous molar infra-occlusion and second premolar disto-angulation were less prevalent in G1 and G2 compared to the control group. G2 showed a higher prevalence of complete cleft palate than G1. Patients with cleft palate and second premolar agenesis showed increased prevalence of tooth agenesis and palatally displaced canines.

Prevalence of Hypodontia in the populace of NWFP

The purpose of the study was to identify the pattern of congenital absence of teeth in a group of individuals seeking treatment of malocclusion in the Department of Orthodontics, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar and to find out the gender difference and in addition the horizontal ,vertical and diagonal correlation among the missing teeth. The sample represents the population of North West Frontier Province.

Prevalence and Pattern of Non-Syndromic Hypodontia in a Group of Turkish Children.

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and pattern of congenital missing teeth in the permanent dentition (excluding wisdom teeth), among Turkish children in a 4-year period (2009-2012). The study group comprised 1658 children (873 girls, 785 boys). The children were examined in Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School of Marmara University. A chi square test was used to determine the difference in the prevalence of hypodontia between genders. The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.2% (6.3% girls, 6% boys) with no statistically significant difference between the genders (P=0.601). The most frequently missing tooth were the mandibular left second premolars, 63 (20.7%), followed by the mandibular right second premolars, 61(20.1%), maxillary left premolars, 31 (10.2%). There were 89 anterior and 214 posterior missing teeth. Bilateral hypodontia was observed in 70 (39 girls, 31 boys) patients (67.9%). The most common bilateral missing teeth were the mandibular second premolar (22 girls, 21 boys) (42.1%) and the maxillary second premolar (6 girls, 15 boys) (20.5%). The mandibular left second premolar (9 boys, 8 girls) was the most frequent unilaterally missing tooth (5.6%) followed by the mandibular right second premolar (10 girls, 6 boys) (5.28%). The obtained results point to the importance of detailed clinical and radiographic examination. These help with long-term treatment planning according to a child's individual requirements.

The prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in a sample of Qatari patients.

Objective:The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of hypodontia in the permanent dentition in a sample of Qatari patients attending a dental center and to compare the results with the reported findings of other populations.Materials and Methods:Orthodontic files including orthopantomographs of 1000 patients (655 females and 345 males, 11–36-year-old) were examined and inspected for evidence of hypodontia.Results:The prevalence of hypodontia in the present Qatari sample was 7.8%; 6.9% was in males and 8.2% in females. Hypodontia was found more frequently in the maxilla than in the mandible. The distribution of missing teeth was noticed in the left side more than the right side. The most frequently missing teeth were the maxillary lateral incisors followed by the mandibular second premolars, maxillary second premolars, and mandibular left lateral incisor. The majority of patients with hypodontia had one or two teeth missing, but rarely more than four teeth were missing in the same patient. Bilateral missing teeth in the current study was commonly seen in the maxillary lateral incisor (14.1%) followed by mandibular second premolar (12.8%) and maxillary second premolar (6.4%).Conclusions:The prevalence of hypodontia in a sample of Qatari individuals was within the range reported in the literature for other populations. The incidence of hypodontia in the anterior segment requires multidisciplinary team approach (orthodontic and prosthodontic) to restore the esthetic and function and improve patient self-esteem.

A retrospective cross-sectional study on the prevalence of hypodontia in a target population of Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia.

Aim:The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of hypodontia and to ascertain the need of interdisciplinary treatment for ensuing esthetic and functional problems in a target population of Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia.Subjects and Methods:Using a dental administration software tool, a total of 1267 patients who presented to the outpatient clinics of the Orthodontic and Prosthodontic Departments between March 2015 and January 2016 were identified. Of those, 694 were females and 573 were males. All permanent teeth were investigated, except third molars.Results:The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.1%. The difference between genders was not statistically significant (P = 0.597) although female hypodontia prevalence was higher than males (6.6% and 5.5%, respectively). The majority of patients had one or two missing teeth. There were no significant differences between right and left sides for any particular tooth. The most commonly missing teeth were mandibular second premolar (40.1%), followed by the maxillary lateral incisor (20.4%) and then the maxillary second premolars (12.6%).Conclusions:The prevalence of hypodontia in Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia, was within the average values portrayed in the majority of the published literature. The majority of affected individuals had one or two missing teeth. None of the patients examined had more than four missing teeth. There were no significant differences in the distribution of hypodontia between the affected jaws according to gender. Although less prevalent, considerable cases of bilateral missing teeth were found in the present study which necessitates the need for urgent interdisciplinary intervention and management.

Anomalias dentárias de número em pacientes ortodônticos

ResumoIntroduçãoA prevalência e a distribuição das anomalias dentárias de número variam de acordo com a população estudada.ObjetivoDeterminar a prevalência de anomalias dentárias de número, verificando-se a frequência com relação a gênero, localização e dentes mais acometidos.MétodoForam avaliadas 1.054 radiografias panorâmicas de pacientes com idade entre 5 e 30 anos, realizadas no período de janeiro a março de 2010, em uma clínica particular de diagnóstico por imagem de Teresina-PI. Foram registrados dados relativos a gênero, idade, presença ou ausência de anomalia, dente acometido e localização. Foram realizados os testes estatísticos Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Teste Binominal, para duas proporções.ResultadoA hipodontia, com prevalência de 4,9%, foi encontrada com mais frequência na maxila, não apresentando diferença entre os lados e os gêneros. Os dentes mais ausentes foram: incisivos laterais superiores e segundo pré-molar inferior. Em relação à hiperdontia, com prevalência de 4,0%, não foram observadas diferenças entre gêneros, lados e maxilares. As regiões com maior presença de supranumerários foram: distal dos terceiros molares e entre pré-molares inferiores.ConclusãoFoi observada prevalência de hipodontia de 4,9%, sendo mais comum na maxila, e de hiperdontia de 4%, não apresentando diferença entre maxilares, lados e gêneros.

Prevalence of concomitant hypo-hyperdontia in a group of Turkish orthodontic patients.

Was to investigate hypodontia and supernumerary teeth, in the same individual, which is termed 'concomitant hypo-hyperodontia' (CHH) and the frequency of CHH in a large sample of non-syndromic orthodontic patients. In this retrospective study, the records were reviewed of 1236 Turkish orthodontic patients treated between 1994 and 2003 at Marmara University, Paediatric Clinics. Data were collected and analysed for differences in the distribution of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth, sex, and malocclusion type. A total of 1236 orthodontic patients were included in this study. The mean age of children was 17.05years (SD=2.5). The prevalence of hypodontia was 7% (82) and was more frequently found in girls. Concomitant hypo-hyperodontia was found in 9 children, involving 8 boys and 1 girl. The frequency of mesiodens in hypodontia patients with Class I, II, and Class III malocclusions was 3 (3 boys), 5 (5 boys) and 1 (1 girl), respectively. CHH prevalence was found 0.7% (9 patients). The gender ratio was 0.2:1.1 for CHH. Supernumerary teeth may lead to some clinical problems including malocclusions, aesthetic and functional complaints, and also psychological problems. Early diagnosis of the condition and multidisciplinary approach for management of such cases is recommended.

Prevalence of missing permanent teeth in 9-14 years dental patients in Sulaimani city - Radiographic study

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of missing permanent teeth in a sample of dental patients.
 Materials and Methods: A total of 1133 digital OPG images, for students aged between 9-14 years, were retrieved from archived records. All the digital images were evaluated on the computer screen for determining the number, type and site of missing teeth in relation to age and sex.
 Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 14.1% (6% for males, 8.1% for females) with no sex variation. Most cases (51.28%) with hypodontia had only one missing tooth (21.79% for males, 29.49% for females). The most commonly missing teeth were the maxillary lateral incisors (37.8%), followed by the mandibular second premolars (34.1%).
 Conclusion: High prevalence of missing teeth could be reported depending on OPG alone. Single tooth loss, maxillary jaw, and left side were the common features of missing permanent teeth in teenagers of our sample.

Hypodontia prevalence and distribution pattern in a group of Qatari orthodontic and pediatric patients: A retrospective study

Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in the permanent teeth among a group of the Qatari sample and to compare the present results with findings from other populations.Materials and Methods:Records of 1269 Qatari patients (674 females; mean age 11.8 ± 2.3 and 595 males; mean age 11.4 ± 2.2) which included panoramic radiographs were examined to identify hypodontia. All permanent teeth were investigated except third molars.Results:The prevalence of hypodontia was 6.2% (females 8% and males 4.2%; P < 0.05). The majority of patients had one or two missing teeth. There were no significant differences between right and left sides for any particular tooth. The most frequently missing teeth were maxillary lateral incisors (36.2%), followed by mandibular second premolar (32.6%) and maxillary second premolar (20.2%). Hypodontia was more commonly found unilaterally than bilaterally (63.2% and 44.3%; respectively).Conclusions:The prevalence of hypodontia in a group of the Qatari population was within the average value of the majority of published studies in the literature. Hypodontia was significantly more prevalent in females. Although less prevalent, considerable cases of bilateral missing were found in the present study, which necessitates the urgent need for intervention and multi-disciplinary team approach for management.

Hypodontia and supernumerary and impacted teeth in children with various types of clefts

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypodontia, hyperdontia, and impacted teeth in children with various types of clefts. This study sample consisted of 201 cleft patients including 131 male subjects with a mean age of 12.3 ± 4 years and 70 female subjects with a mean age of 12.6 ± 3.9 years. Charts, models, radiographs, and intraoral photographs were used for the study. t tests, chi-square tests, and binomial tests were used for assessment of the data. Hypodontia was found in 129 subjects (64.1%). The chi-square test showed no statistically significant difference between the type of cleft and hypodontia (P <0.319). The binomial test showed that the frequencies of subjects with hypodontia were significantly higher in both unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients (P <0.015 and P <0.001, respectively). Hyperdontia and impacted teeth were also found to occur mostly in the maxillary arch, and maxillary canines were the most commonly impacted teeth in both unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

Prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in a group of Bengali pediatric population

Background: Hypodontia or congenitally missing teeth are one of the most common dental anomalies. Its prevalence and distribution vary among populations. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and distribution of hypodontia in the permanent dentition of a group of Bengali pediatric patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 716 pediatric patients (373 boys and 343 girls) aged 10 to 14 years were investigated radiographically for hypodontia. The data were analyzed using the Fisher exact test and the Chi square test. Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 4.7% ( n = 34). The girls showed a higher prevalence of congenitally missing teeth than boys (5.2 vs. 4.2%), although this difference was not statistically significant. The number of missing teeth ranged from one to five, and 47% had one missing tooth. Conclusion: Prevalence of hypodontia in the Bengali pediatric population was 4.7%. Incisor and premolar hypodontia was observed in this study. The most frequently missing teeth shown in the present study was not in accordance with most of the Caucasian and Asian studies.

Prevalence and characteristics of non-syndromic hypodontia among Turkish orthodontic patient population.

Background:Hypodontia is often used as a collective term for congenital absence of primary or secondary teeth, although specifically it describes the absence of one to six teeth excluding third molars. The prevalence of hypodontia varies from 0.03 to 10.1% in various populations.Materials and Methods:In this retrospective study, we reviewed the records of Turkish orthodontic patients treated between 1994 and 2003. A total of 1236 orthodontic patients (507 girls, 729 boys) were included in this study. The age of the patients ranged from 11 to 20 years. Data were collected and entered into the SPSS 20 program for statistical analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences in the distribution of hypodontia, sex, and malocclusion type.Results:In the total sample of 1236 patients who were orthodontically treated, hypodontia was found in 82 children, including 45 girls and 37 boys. The prevalence of hypodontia was 7%. Patients with more severe hypodontia showed a tendency to exhibit a class II relationship. The mandibular second premolar were the most commonly missing teeth in 48 girls and 26 boys.Conclusion:Hypodontia may lead to some clinical problems including malocclusions, esthetic and functional complaints, and also psychological problems. All cases should be evaluated by an interdisciplinary approach for appropriate treatment choice. Our data emphasize the importance of detailed and careful radiographic examination. This helps in long-term and effective treatment planning according to a child's individual requirements.

Prevalence and Gender Distribution of Permanent Tooth Agenesis among Jordanian Dental Patients : A Cross-Sectional Survey = مدى انتشار فقد الأسنان الوراثي و توزيع النسب بين الجنسين لمجموعة من مرضى الأسنان الأردنيين : دراسة مسحية مستعرضة

Hypodontia | Oligodontia | Epidemiology | Malocclusion | Orthodontics | Anomalies | Gender Role | فقد الأسنان الوراثي | نقص الأسنان | علم الأوبئة | سوء الإطباق | تقويم الأسنان | تشوه الأسنان | دور الجنس