Prevalence Of Hyperuricemia In Patients Research Articles

Prevalence and associated factors of hyperuricemia among Chinese patients with diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

As a part of metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia has a higher incidence in patients with diabetes than in the general population owing to various underlying factors. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia among patients with diabetes and identify associated factors. A cross-sectional study. Herein, we included patients with diabetes managed at nine healthcare centers in Chenghua District, Chengdu, from February 2021 to November 2021. Clinical data, lifestyle habits, and laboratory data were collected to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hyperuricemia. In total, we included 1577 patients with diabetes (males, 50.35%; females, 49.65%). The median serum uric acid level was 337.9 μmol/L, and the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with diabetes was 21.24%. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in male patients was significantly higher than in females (29.35% in males versus 13.03% in females, p < 0.001). Male patients with obesity (p = 0.006) or triglyceride (TG) ⩾ 1.7 mmol/L (p < 0.001) had a high risk of developing hyperuricemia, and hyperuricemia was negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ⩾ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p < 0.001), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ⩾ 7% (p < 0.001), fenofibrate (p = 0.010), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors (p = 0.035). Considering females, overweight (p = 0.004), alanine transaminase (ALT) > 40 U/L (p < 0.001), and TG ⩾ 1.7 mmol/L (p = 0.015) showed a significant positive correlation with hyperuricemia, while eGFR ⩾ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p < 0.001) was negatively associated with the risk of hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia is highly prevalent in patients with diabetes, especially in males. In addition to traditionally associated factors, fenofibrate and SGLT-2 inhibitors were also associated with the risk of hyperuricemia. The study protocol was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/), and the registration number was ChiCTR 2100042742.

Prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with severe obesity and the relationship between serum uric acid and severe obesity: A decade retrospective cross-section study in Chinese adults.

ObjectiveUndoubtedly, the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and obesity is less data for Chinese patients with obesity. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and the association between SUA and patients with obesity.MethodsAll participants were categorized as overweight, obesity I, obesity II, and obesity III. In addition, based on SUA concentration, the participants were stratified into four quartiles. The authors used descriptive analysis, independent t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression models to verify the SUA level and obesity among Chinese adults.ResultsOverall, the estimated prevalence of HUA was 69.8%. In the BMI categories, the prevalence of HUA was 5.1% in overweight, 15.2% in obesity I, 16.9% in obesity II, and 32.5% in obesity III. Correlation analysis shows that SUA is strongly correlated with BMI, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC). Multiple linear regression analysis shows that high density–lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a protective predictor of serum uric acid levels in patients with obesity. Compared with the overweight, obesity I, obesity II, and obesity III were more likely to have higher levels in the SUA levels.ConclusionWe mainly showed that the serum uric acid levels in Chinese patients with severe obesity declined slightly as age increased.

Prevalence of Hyperuricemia and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Jordan.

BackgroundPrevious studies showed variable estimate of the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The prevalence of hyperuricemia and associated risk factors in Jordanian patients with T2DM is largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its associated factors in Jordanian patients with T2DM.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 655 patients with T2DM. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data. In addition, records of the study subjects were reviewed to obtain other clinical data. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured, and body mass index was calculated. Lipid profile, serum uric acid and glycated haemoglobin were analysed. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. An informed written consent was obtained from each participant. The confidentiality of the information was assured and only used for scientific purposes.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 28.1%. Female gender (OR: 2.37; 95%, CI: 1.63–3.45), intake of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) (OR: 1.68; 95%, CI: 1.12–2.50), intake of β-blockers (OR: 2.20; 95%, CI: 1.51–3.22), increased waist circumference (OR: 3.17; 95%, CI: 1.39–7.22) and family history of hyperuricemia (OR: 2.56; 95%, CI: 1.57–4.16) were associated with increased odds of hyperuricemia.ConclusionHyperuricemia was high among type 2 diabetic patients, and screening test will be useful for those patients.

Prevalence of Hyperuricemia in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

Introduction: An attack of stroke is one of the most prevalent but also the deadliest and most disabling conditions in the field of neurology. Stroke development is influenced by many risk factors, including high blood pressure, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Recent research suggests that other risk factors, such as elevated levels of blood uric acid, might influence the onset or progression of the condition. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in stroke patients. Methods: The Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, did this cross-sectional research. Patients of both sexes were included in this trial from October 10th, 2019, through March 31st, 2020. who had ischemic stroke-related symptoms and imaging findings? Each patient who was proven to have had an ischemic stroke was examined for hyperuricemia, which means a blood uric acid level of more than 7 mg/dL in men and more than 6 mg/dL in women. All patients received the same level of care in the lab. After that, the prevalence of hyperuricemia in ischemic stroke patients were determined. Results: The average age of 60.833± 3.70 years was used in this investigation, along with mean serum uric acid concentration of 6.340± 2.06 mg/dl was examined for hyperuricemia, which means a blood uric acid level of more than 7 mg/dL in men and more than 6 mg/dL in women and mean period between onset of symptoms and admission of 5.993± 2.94. The vast majority of the patients were male gender (70 percent). Sixty patients were found to have hyperuricemia (40 percent). Conclusion: According to our research, hyperuricemia was found in a more significant percentage of acute stroke patients than in the general population. Keywords: Hyperuricemia, Stroke, Frequency

Effects of secukinumab and adalimumab on serum uric acid level in patients with plaque psoriasis.

Background:Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease, and hyperuricemia is a common comorbidity in patients with psoriasis. However, there are limited reports on the relationship between serum uric acid levels and biological treatment efficacy. The purposes of this study were to compare the differences in serum uric acid levels between patients with psoriasis and healthy controls and analyze the risk of hyperuricemia.Methods:A total of 196 patients with psoriasis and 191 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. One hundred and twenty-seven patients with severe psoriasis were treated with biologics. Sixty-eight patients received adalimumab, and 59 patients received secukinumab. Serum uric acid levels were measured at baseline, week 24, and week 48 of treatment.Results:Patients with psoriasis had higher serum uric acid levels than healthy controls (6.4 ± 1.7 mg/dL vs. 5.7 ± 1.5 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Hyperuricemia was found in 33.7% (66/196) of patients with psoriasis, which was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (13.1% [25/191], P < 0.001). Serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia were not related to the severity of psoriasis (P > 0.05). No significant changes in serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia were observed following adalimumab treatment (P > 0.05). The serum uric acid level in patients treated with secukinumab was 6.7 ± 1.6 mg/dL at week 24, which was not statistically different from that at baseline (6.6 ± 1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.885). Serum uric acid levels were significantly decreased at week 48 (6.3 ± 1.5 mg/dL vs. 6.6 ± 1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.007) in patients treated with secukinumab. Secukinumab had no significant effect on hyperuricemia either (P > 0.05).Conclusions:The serum uric acid levels and prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with psoriasis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls. Secukinumab treatment for 48 weeks successfully decreased serum uric acid levels in patients with psoriasis, whereas adalimumab had no significant effect on serum uric acid levels.

The prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and its effect on the course and prognosis (experience of one center)

Objective: to analyze the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia (HU), as well as to assess its relationship with metabolic disorders, pathological conditions and complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD), we conducted a retrospective cohort study in the form of a total cross-section of patients hospitalized in a round-the-clock bed of the nephrology department. Material and methods: 261 patients were included in the study, the average age was 50.9±17.2 (M±SD), there were 261 males and 99 females. The structure of CKD in hospitalized patients was as follows: CKD C1 — 53 patients, C2 — 70 patients, C3A — 46, C3B — 46, C4 — 36, C5 — 7 patients. The study did not include patients diagnosed with gout. Results: the uric acid level in the examined cohort was 369.8±109.7 mmol/L, ranging from 157 to 768 mmol/l. As the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreased, the probability of HU increased. With the development and progression of dyslipidemia, there was an increase in the probability of detecting HU. In patients with CKD, an increase in the level of daily proteinuria was also accompanied by an increase in the probability of detecting HU. The risk of progression of CKD to the terminal stages, as well as LVH, arrhythmias, hypertension is associated with high values of uric acid in the blood. Conclusions: the high prevalence of HU in patients with CKD, along with data on its negative impact on the course of CKD, is an important argument in favor of its detection and control. The association of HU with metabolic disorders against the background of high proteinuria explains one of the mechanisms of its detrimental effect on the course of CKD. The influence of HU on the probability of detection of hypertension, LVH, arrhythmias and terminal stages of CKD is shown, which determines the importance of the modifiability of this risk factor in the prognosis of the course of CKD

Correlation Between Serum Uric Acid and Body Fat Distribution in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the correlation between serum uric acid levels and body fat distribution in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).MethodsBetween May 2017 and March 2021, a total of 199 patients with PCOS were recruited from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital. Anthropometric characteristics, metabolic parameters, and reproductive hormones were measured. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid (SUA) greater than 420 μmol/l. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to measure body fat distribution.ResultsThe prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with PCOS was 28.64%. PCOS patients with hyperuricemia are more obese and have a higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and worse lipid metabolism than those without hyperuricemia. According to SUA quartiles, patients in the highest quartile had higher total testosterone (TT), body fat accumulation, and lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) than patients in the lowest quartile. SUA was correlated with percentage of total body fat, arm fat mass, leg fat mass, trunk fat mass, android/gynoid (A/G) ratio, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass. After controlling possible confounders, logistic regression analysis found that only excessive VAT mass could significantly increase the risk of hyperuricemia in patients with PCOS.ConclusionIn patients with PCOS, a high level of VAT mass, but not other fat compartments, will exacerbate the risk of hyperuricemia. Attention should be paid to the role of excessive VAT in the occurrence and development of PCOS with hyperuricemia.

Mediation effect of obesity on the association between triglyceride-glucose index and hyperuricemia in Chinese hypertension adults.

The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index was regarded as a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR). It is confirmed that IR was significantly associated with hyperuricemia, and obesity was the risk factor for IR and hyperuricemia. However, the relationship between the TyG index and hyperuricemia and the potential role of obesity in Han Chinese hypertension are not entirely elucidated. A community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted in 4551 hypertension patients aged 40–75 years with clinical and biochemical data. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dl) × fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Hyperuricemia was determined as serum uric acid ≥357μmol/L (6 mg/dl) for females and ≥417μmol/L (7 mg/dl) for males. Our study suggested that the TyG index was higher in patients with hyperuricemia than in those without (8.99±0.61, 8.70±0.59, p < .001). The prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with the lowest (≤8.32), second (8.33–8.66), third (8.67–9.07) and the highest quartile (≥9.08) of the TyG index was 6.0%, 10.4%, 15.4%, 21.4%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis suggested that the higher quartile of TyG index was associated with increased hyperuricemia risk whether in crude or adjusted models (p < .05). Mediation analysis showed that all of our obesity indexes partially mediated the association between the TyG index and hyperuricemia to some extent. In Conclusions, the TyG index is significantly associated with hyperuricemia in hypertension patients among Han Chinese, obesity plays a partial mediation role in this relationship.

The Role of Hyperuricemia in the Pathogenesis and Progressivity of Chronic Kidney Disease

In humans, the end product of purine metabolism is uric acid. Over 70% of uric acid is excreted through the kidneys. When renal function is impaired, uric acid secretion is also impaired. This directly correlates the prevalence of hyperuricemia with the severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It has been reported that the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with Stage I-III CKD is 40–60% and up to 70% in patients with Stage IV-V CKD. Some studies found a link between serum uric acid levels and decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), an independent risk factor for CKD development. Because CKD and serum uric acid levels are related, the relationship between the two frequently generates controversy. As such, this review of the literature discusses the role of uric acid in the pathogenesis and progression of CKD.

The prevalence of hyperuricemia and its associated risk factors in patients presenting with joint pain in Karachi

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the prevalence and association of hyperuricemia with genetic factors, dietary and alcohol consumption, metabolic syndrome, diuretic use and chronic renal disease in patients presenting with joint pain in the outpatient department (OPD) at a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan and to establish a significant correlation between concentration of serum creatinine and triglyceride with uric acid concentration statistically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was conducted on 2200 patients. The data included age, gender, occupation, genetic factors (family history), dietary and alcohol consumption, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, obesity, diuretic use and chronic renal disease. Serum uric acid concentration of 2.4-6.0 mg/dl (female) and 3.4-7.0 mg/dl (male) labelled as normal values. All participants’ serum uric acid concentration compared with serum creatinine and triglyceride concentration.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Overall prevalence of 30.1% (662 patients) hyperuricemia in patients presenting with joint pain. Majority of the patients belonged to age group 30-34 and highest average uric acid value (7.7±2.01) was found to be in the age group of 65 and above. Hyperuricemia was related to increased age (56.25%), genetic factors 159 (24.01%), dietary 370 (55.89%) and alcohol consumption 33 (4.98%), metabolic syndrome (hypertension 146 (22.05%), obesity 121 (18.27%), diuretic use 215 (32.47%) and chronic renal disease 53 (8.00%). On laboratory investigations, hyperuricemia was directly related to serum creatinine and triglyceride.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This study emphasized the high prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients presenting with joint pain and it is directly proportional to the age. Increased serum uric acid levels with increasing age might be secondary to impaired renal function, use of diuretics, and hypertension as commonly seen among elderly patients. Early diagnosis, management of risk factors and treatment will prevent adverse effects on health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

Association Between Hyperuricemia and Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

IntroductionStroke is the most debilitating of neurologic diseases. The rationale of the current study was to determine the association between hyperuricemia and ischemic stroke to establish a local perspective.MethodsA total of 148 patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study and then equally distributed into two study groups consisting of cases and controls (n = 74 in each group). In this study, there were 36 (48.6%) participants in the case group with hyperuricemia and ischemic stroke and 18 (24.3%) participants in the control group with hyperuricemia. The mean and standard deviations were computed for quantitative variables such as age, body mass index (BMI), and duration of stroke. Frequencies and percentages for the qualitative variables such as gender, hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, smoking status, socioeconomic status, educational level, and hyperuricemia were calculated. The chi-square test was applied to compare both groups, with p ≤ 0.05 indicating significance. The odds ratio was also calculated to determine the association between case and control. Effect modifiers were controlled through stratification of age, gender, BMI, duration of stroke, hypertension, T2D, dyslipidemia, socioeconomic status, educational level, and smoking status to determine the effect of these on outcome variables. A post-stratification chi-square test was applied, with p ≤ 0.05 indicating statistical significance.ResultsIn our study, stratification of hyperuricemia into cases and controls was performed for age, gender, T2D, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, socioeconomic status, and educational status. The maximum results were significant, with high strength of association between both groups. In the case group, the frequency of elevated uric acid was significantly higher than that of the control group. A comparison of hyperuricemia indicated p = 0.002, with an odds ratio of 2.95, which showed that elevated uric acid could be taken as a predictor of ischemic stroke. The uric acid level was significantly higher in men than in women. Additionally, hyperuricemia was associated with dyslipidemia. In patients with ischemic stroke, there was a significant association between serum uric acid level and T2D, hypertension, and smoking.ConclusionsThis study showed that the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with ischemic stroke was significantly higher as compared to the healthy population. Hyperuricemia can be considered as a risk factor for ischemic stroke because of its high prevalence in ischemic stroke patients. Our study explored the relationship between stroke and hyperuricemia and enabled increased understanding for caregivers so that effective management plans can be formulated for patients with ischemic stroke to prevent adverse outcomes.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hyperuricemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver.

Background/AimsThe number of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise. Epidemiological studies have shown the role of hyperuricemia in the development of NAFLD and CKD through oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia in patients with CKD and NAFLD in Iran.Patients and MethodsThis study was conducted in 450 CKD patients. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. According to the serum uric acid level, all CKD+ NAFLD+ patients were divided into non-hyperuricemia and hyperuricemia groups. The patients’ demographic and clinical data such as age, sex, abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, CRP, hepatic steatosis, blood pressure, serum uric acid (UA), lipid and creatinine were collected for analysis.ResultsA total of 279 cases (62%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. The prevalence rate of NFALD in CKD patients was significantly lower in normal UA level than hyperuricemia (42.7% vs 57.3%) (P=0.039). The prevalence of hyperuricemia was about 57.3% in patients with CKD and NAFLD. Accordingly, 279 CKD patients with NAFLD were enrolled and divided into hyperuricemia (n =160) and non-hyperuricemia groups (n =119). Patients with hyperuricemia showed higher creatinine and lipid levels, and a lower GFR compared to patients with normal uric acid levels (P< 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in age, sex, abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, CRP, and steatosis between hyperuricemia and non-hyperuricemia groups (P>0.05). Three factors, including type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a low GFR, serve as independent risk factors for hyperuricemia (P<0.05).ConclusionThe results showed a high prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with CKD and NAFLD. A more comprehensive strategic management is necessary to address the potential harmful effects of hyperuricemia on the health of CKD+ NAFLD+ cases.

A retrospective cross-sectional study of the associated factors of hyperuricemia in patients with chronic kidney disease

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients at different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the association of serum uric acid (SUA) with several clinical factors in a retrospective cross-sectional study of non-dialysis CKD patients at two hospitals in Shanghai, China.MethodsThe prevalence of hyperuricemia in CKD patients and the association of SUA with other clinical factors were examined using analysis of variance, chi-squared test, multivariate analysis, and other statistical methods.ResultsA total of 663 CKD patients were enrolled, of which approximately 52% had hyperuricemia. CKD patients with hyperuricemia had lower hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels but higher blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum phosphate levels than those without hyperuricemia. Serum uric acid level was positively associated with age, blood urea nitrogen , serum creatinine, cystatin C, and serum phosphate and negatively associated with hemoglobin and eGFR. In addition, CKD patients with anemia and hyperphosphatemia had a higher prevalence of hyperuricemia than those without anemia or hyperphosphatemia.ConclusionsThe prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with CKD progression supporting the use of urate-lowering treatment for patients with CKD stage 1 to 4.

Prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients of lower back pain at Dow University of Health Science Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan.

Objectives: In our study we evaluate the hyperuricemia levels in patients presenting to us with the chief complaint of chronic lower back pain and determine the associations with age, gender and radiographic findings. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Dow University of Health Science Civil Hospital Karachi. Period: From April 2017 to September 2017. Material &amp; Methods: Patients with lower back pain of a duration longer than three months and between the ages of 18 and 70 years were included. A complete history and physical examination was done for all the patients including relevant laboratory, radiographic and anthropometric measurements. The neurosurgeon also assessed the patient’s lower back pain and associated findings in the lower limbs. The patients also underwent radiographic evaluations via X-rays and Magnetic resonance imaging. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical software version 20. We considered a p value of &lt; 0.05 to be statistically significant. Results: The final study population consisted of n= 110 patients of which n= 54 were males and n= 56 were females. Of the total patient population of the study n= 31 (28.18%) had increased serum uric acid and had nearly equal incidence in males and females (27.77% and 28.57% respectively). The highest incidence of hyperuricemia was found patients between 26 and 60 years of age. In our study n= 22 patients did not have any comorbid condition while joint pain was found in n= 24 patients (p-value of &lt;0.05) of these patients they suffered from pain in their knees and tarsal joints. Lumbar disc prolapse was found in n= 21 patients (p-value of &lt;0.05), lumbar disc degeneration was found in n= 16 patients (p-value of &lt;0.0579). Furthermore, disc space narrowing was found in n= 27 patients having a p-value of &lt;0.05. Conclusion: According to the results of our study hyperuricemia is found in one of every four with low back pain. There is a variable association between comorbid conditions and hyperuricemia. While an equal association is found between gender and hyperuricemia. There is also a strong association of hyperuricemia with joint space narrowing and lumbar disc narrowing of the lumbar vertebrae and it augments degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Incidence of Hyperuricemia in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction - A Case-Control Study.

IntroductionVarious researches have stated the correlation between serum uric acid (sUA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, no local studies are available. In this study, we will determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction and compare with the control group.MethodsThis case-control study was conducted from March to November 2019 in the tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. In all, 119 patients with acute myocardial infarction were enrolled in this study, and 119 controls were identified from the outpatient department. Their sUA levels were measured within 24 hours of acute myocardial infarction.ResultsThe mean sUA levels were significantly higher in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in comparison to the control group (6.17 ± 2.12 vs. 5.51 ± 1.89, p-value; 0.01). Overall, there were more patients with hyperuricemia in the case group compared to the control group (47.89% vs. 33.6%, p-value = 0.04)ConclusionIn this study, after adjustment of other known factors, hyperuricemia is associated with AMI. Efforts should be made to include screening for hyperuricemia in patients with a high risk of myocardial infarction.

A retrospective study on prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from a teaching hospital of west Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: Hyperuricemia have been associated with an increased risk for not only type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension but also for metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, gout and many cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with hypertension and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from a teaching hospitals of West Uttar Pradesh.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the department of pharmacology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research centre, Moradabad, West Uttar Pradesh over a period of six months.Results: A total of 524 case records with high blood pressure and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined during the study period. The mean age of subjects reported was 45 years. A 35.3 % (185/524) were found to have elevated serum uric acid level. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was found increased with an increased duration of disease among hypertensive, diabetic patients.Conclusions: A high prevalence of hyperuricemia was observed among patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and among the patients with both co-morbidities in our studies.

Significance of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in patients after coronary events

The goal of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), within three months after coronary events. Also, we aimed to determine whether the presence of hyperuricemia holds correlation with severe CAD, overall heart functioning and risk factors for CAD. The study included 505 consecutive CAD patients, 385 males and 120 females, aged 60.9 ± 9.6 years, with a mean body mass index (BMI) 28.0 ± 3.7 kg/m2. All patients were admitted to specialized cardiovascular rehabilitation within three months post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) without revascularization (32.6%), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with myocardial infarction (32.1%) and with coronary bypass graft (35.3%). The mean value of serum acidum uricum (SUA) was 345.5 ± 100.3 µmol/L, where 115 (22.8%) patients had asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia had significantly higher average number of risk factors, lower HDL cholesterol and higher creatinine and triglycerides levels, lower ejection fraction (EF). Multivariate stepwise analysis revealed that five parameters were capable to predict SUA levels. We can conclude that in patients with CAD, SUA levels are independently associated with BMI, triglyceride and creatinine levels and negatively with EF. Thus, one can say that asymptomatic hyperuricemia is not significantly associated with the severity of CAD.

Prevalence of Hyperuricemia in Patients With Acute Heart Failure With Either Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction

The relation between uric acid (UA) and heart failure has been described; however, there is little detail concerning acute heart failure (AHF) in patients with reduced versus preserved ejection fraction heart failure (HFrEF, HFpEF). We studied 324 consecutive AHF patients screened from interventional Diur-HF Trial (NCT01441245) from January 2011 to February 2016, and divided into HFrEF (EF <50%) and HFpEF (EF ≥50%). We defined hyperuricemia as serum UA ≥7.0 mg/dL in men and ≥6 mg/dL in women. Patients were followed up for 6 months after discharge. The primary outcome was heart failure hospitalization or death. Among 173 HFrEF and 151 HFpEF cases, hyperuricemia was found in 43% and 57%, respectively (p = 0.01). Hyperuricemia was also more frequent in women (74% vs 60%; p = 0.008), those with diabetes (39% vs 19%; p <0.001), hypertension (62% vs 43%; p = 0.001), and atrial fibrillation (48% vs 34%; p = 0.01). In patients with HFrEF, univariate analysis found that hyperuricemia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 2.15; p = 0.04) and congestion score ≥3 (HR 2.83, 95% CI 1.52 to 5.28; p <0.001) were associated with the primary end point; after adjustment, only congestion score ≥3 (HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.10; p = 0.03) confirmed this trend. Conversely, in patients with HFpEF, hyperuricemia was the only significant predictor of the primary end point both in univariate (HR 2.25, 95% CI 1.44 to 3.50; p <0.001) and multivariate analyses (HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.32 to 4.28; p = 0.004). In conclusion, in AHF hyperuricemia is common in both in HFrEF and in HFpEF. In the HFpEF subgroup, hyperuricemia was the only independent predictor of heart failure hospitalization or death.

The prevalence, subtypes and associated factors of hyperuricemia in lupus nephritis patients at chronic kidney disease stages 1-3.

There is a high prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. However, there’s a dearth of research on HUA’s prevalence, subtypes, early detection, and treatment strategies of HUA in lupus nephritis (LN) patients. The aim of this study is to address these knowledge gaps. LN patients presenting to the Department of Nephrology at Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital from January 2011 to January 2016 were recruited. The effective sample size was derived using the power analysis. The demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of the LN patients with HUA were compared with those of patients without HUA. Two statistical models for analyzing HUA were built and compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The total prevalence of HUA in the cohort was 40.11%. The subtypes of HUA included urate underexcretion-type, overproduction-type and combined-type, which proportion being 67.7%, 9.7% and 22.6% respectively. The CKD stage was closely associated with the prevalence of HUA in patients with LN. The other significant associated factors were hypertension, triglycerides, serum creatinine, serum albumin, hemoglobin, parathyroid hormone, phosphorus, calcium, etc. The statistical algorithm successfully identified LN patients at risk of HUA. In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of HUA in LN patients at CKD stages 1–3, and renal underexcretion hyperuricemia was the most prevalent subtype. The occurrence of HUA in LN may be related to renal insufficiency, metabolic disorder and lupus itself. Early care coordination programs can employ risk models to improve HUA prevention and target interventions in LN patients.

Hyperuricemia and cardiovascular diseases in elderly patients

Results of the clinical study on the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its association with cardiovascular pathology in elderly patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and in patients with CAD younger than 60 years are presented. Increased serum level of uric acid was observed in 37.4% of the 320 elderly patients. Hyperuricemia more frequently occurred in women (41.5% of the cases) than in men (25%) (p=0.02). In the group of elderly patients, hyperuricemia was associated with clinically significant heart failure (OR=5.01; 95% CI=2.39-10.73; p&lt;0.0001) and with the history of stroke (OR=2.02; 95% CI=1.1-3.8; p=0.02). The prevalence of atrial fibrillation in patients with hyperuricemia was higher than in subjects with normal uric acid level (OR=2.2; 95% CI=1.3-3.6; p=0.001). Significant positive correlation between serum uric acid level and left atrium diameter was demonstrated (r=0.25; p=0.00004). In the group of patients with CAD younger than 60 years hyperuricemia was significantly associated with myocardial infarction (OR=8.81; p=0.002) and with congestive heart failure (OR=6.86; p=0.003) in the medical history. The study demonstrated high prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients suffering from CAD. Significant association between high uric acid level and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases was documented.