Prevalence Of Elder Abuse Research Articles

The Need for a Stronger Definition: Recognizing Abandonment as a form of Elder Abuse Across the United States

Elder abuse is a growing public health problem in the United States and statistics show that each year, hundreds of thousands of elders are abused in some manner. This Note discusses elder abuse while focusing specifically on the occurrence of elder abandonment and how the majority of states do not recognize elder abandonment as a form of elder abuse in their statutes. Moreover, this Note proposes a model statute to be adopted by every state in an effort for elder abandonment to become more widely reported. Elder abandonment is an unfortunate phenomenon and those who contribute to elder abandonment should face criminal liability similar to those abusers who engage in elder neglect or other types of elder abuse. Furthermore, this Note emphasizes that there should be a greater focus on how caregivers can seek assistance in order to prevent elder abuse in the United States.

SOUTH AMERICA’S EXEMPLAR NATIONAL CAMPAIGN ON ELDERS’ CRIME PREVENTION IN ARGENTINA

A leading geriatrician and expert in elder abuse and former president of INPEA has spearheaded a public-private partnership to prevent crimes against older people. Together with other relevant NGOs, Dr. Daichman helped to develop a National Campaign on the Prevention of Elder Abuse and Respect for the Rights of Older Persons. This session will provide practical information on the feasibility of such partnerships as well as the preliminary results of the campaign’s effectiveness in reducing criminal activities against Argentina’s older citizens.

ELDER ABUSE PREVENTION: LESSONS FROM FOUR INITIATIVES

ELDER ABUSE PREVENTION: LESSONS FROM FOUR INITIATIVES

RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF OMBUDSMAN PROGRAMMES FOR THE ELDERLY CARE FACILITIES IN KOREA

Recently, the Ombudsman program has been introduced to prevent elder abuse in elderly care facilities. However, the program has no coercive powers in Korea. As a result, many care workers and elderly people witness and experience elder abuse cases(mainly verbal aggression, ignoring requests and threatening communication) in the long term care facilities. Thus, this study is to review the policy development of Ombudsman programs in long term care facilities in East-Asia countries. Secondly, this paper investigates care workers’ experiences of Ombudsman programmes and elder abuse cases where some elderly care facilities have already operated the program. Thirdly, the research examines the Ombudsman system in terms of official approval, mandatory implementation, the right of investigation, professionalism, and the functions of coordination, guidance and recommendation. To collect data to develop the Ombudsman programs we conducted FGIs, using the Delphi technique, with 45 experts in geriatric social work institutions and long term care facilities. Finally, this research suggests that ‘Elderly Ombudsman Agency’, as an state organization, should be established to investigate elder abuse screening affairs.

Research Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Elder Abuse Prevalence Studies.

Elder abuse is an important public health and human rights issue, yet its true extent is not well understood. To address this, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of elder abuse prevalence studies from around the world. This protocol describes the methodological approach to be adopted for conducting this systematic review and meta-analysis. In particular, the protocol describes the search strategies and eligibility criteria to be used to identify and select studies and how data from the selected studies will be extracted for analysis. The protocol also describes the analytical approach that will be used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates and discusses the use of meta-regression to assess how studies' characteristics influence the prevalence estimates. This protocol conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis - or PRISMA - guidelines and has been registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of systematic reviews.

Association between supporting child and elder abuse in China

Objective: To examine the association between child-supporting from their folks and elder abuse in China so as to provide evidence for prevention and control of elder abuse. Methods: Based on the third survey on the Status of Chinese women, organized by the All-China Women's Federation and the National Bureau of Statistics, 7 159 residents aged 65 and older were included and general information on supporting child and elder abuse were gathered. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to investigate the association between supporting child from elderly and elder abuse. Results: The overall prevalence of elder abuse was 6.71%. Risks of elder people being abused by family numbers varied from different supporting child situations. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, ORs for the elderly appeared as follows: OR=1.99 (95%CI: 1.56-2.54) for those who only providing support to male children; OR=2.07 (95%CI: 1.51-3.79) for those only providing support to the female offspring and OR=2.32 (95% CI: 1.72-3.13) for those who did not support their children regardless of their sex identity. Elderly who provided support to their children on both sexes were exposed to lower risk of being abused than those who only supporting their male offspring. There was no significant difference appearing on the risk of elder abuse between those elderly who only supporting the male (OR=1.00) or the female offspring (OR=1.04, 95% CI: 0.63-1.71), among all the participants in our study. However, such associations were different in urban and rural areas. Conclusions: High prevalence of abuse was seen in China. The pattern of supporting child was associated with risk of elder abuse. Elderly who showed poor support to their children were under higher risk of being abused by their family members.

A Cross Sectional Study on the Prevalence of Elder Abuse in the Rural Field Pracrtice Areas of A Tertiary Care Hospital In Mangaluru

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objectives:</strong> The objectives of this study was to define and identify the symptoms of elder abuse, create awareness about its existence to the primary health care workers and recommend an appropriate strategy for its prevention.<strong> Methods:</strong> A descriptive cross-sectional study by questionnaires based was done considering prevalence and problems of elder abuse in Dakshina Kannada rural areas of Jaranadagudde and Ammunje district, peripheral health centres, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India in February, 2016. <strong>Results:</strong> The study showed that the prevalence of abuse was 1.57% in the sample population and undoubtedly, the offenders were their children even though it is quite low comparatively. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Even though low, we opine that, to prevent elder abuse, interventions and policies are of utmost importance and help reduce the burden on the ageing population especially in a developing country like India. <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Key words:</strong> Burden, Cross-sectional Study, Elder abuse, Prevalence, Problems, Survey.

Relationship between Abuse Experience and Quality of Life of Community Dwelling Older Adults

Elder abuse may increase the vulnerability of older adults to diseases and decrease their general health status, Addressing this issue is important for promoting quality of life of older adults. Aim: the aim of the study was to identify the relationship between abuse experience and quality of life of community dwelling older adults. Setting: The study was carried out in the outpatient clinics in the Shark EL- Madina hospital in Alexandria, Egypt (medical, hepatology, and cardiology). Subjects: The study included, one hundred older adults aged 60 years and above, able to communicate effectively, and accept to participate in the study Tools: three tools were used in this study; the socio-demographic and clinical data structured interview schedule, LEIPAD Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST). Results: the majority of the study subjects who reported abuse experience were females, widows, housewives and illiterate. Poor quality of life was noted among females, widows, and illiterate. The majority of the abused older adults had one or more medical problems, and use of an assistive device. There is no a statistically significant difference between elders’ abuse experience and their quality of life. Conclusion: A positive relationship was found between the abuse experience of the studied older adults and their quality of life, however no a statistical significant relation. Recommendations: In-service training programs should be planned by the gerontological nurse and offered to the caregivers of older adults, health care professionals, and social service workers both in the community and in institutional settings, focused on the detection and prevention of elder abuse. Raising awareness of the general public and the responsible authorities via mass media about the importance of this problem.

Preventing elder abuse and neglect in geriatric institutions: Solutions from nursing care providers

This study explores how and why abuse and neglect occurs in geriatric institutions and presents practical prevention measures. Exploratory qualitative interviews were carried out with purposive sample of 23 nursing staff members. They were recruited from different institutions caring for older patients in the north-western region of Switzerland. These interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Participating nursing staff members reported several factors pertaining to the care provider, the older patient, and the institution that precipitated abuse and neglect. They mentioned different solutions that could help them address their responsibilities in a reasonable manner. The solutions included, for example, ensuring proper education and training, better management nursing care provider's responsibilities and timely intervention to address abuse and neglect, as well as rotating care provider. Implementing these suggestions will allow geriatric institutions, its managers, and nursing care providers to improve quality of care and reduce such negative occurrences in these settings.

Elder abuse prevalence in community settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Elder abuse is recognised worldwide as a serious problem, yet quantitative syntheses of prevalence studies are rare. We aimed to quantify and understand prevalence variation at the global and regional levels. For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched 14 databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE, using a comprehensive search strategy to identify elder abuse prevalence studies in the community published from inception to June 26, 2015. Studies reporting estimates of past-year abuse prevalence in adults aged 60 years or older were included in the analyses. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to explore heterogeneity, with study quality assessed with the risk of bias tool. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42015029197. Of the 38 544 studies initially identified, 52 were eligible for inclusion. These studies were geographically diverse (28 countries). The pooled prevalence rate for overall elder abuse was 15·7% (95% CI 12·8-19·3). The pooled prevalence estimate was 11·6% (8·1-16·3) for psychological abuse, 6·8% (5·0-9·2) for financial abuse, 4·2% (2·1-8·1) for neglect, 2·6% (1·6-4·4) for physical abuse, and 0·9% (0·6-1·4) for sexual abuse. Meta-analysis of studies that included overall abuse revealed heterogeneity. Significant associations were found between overall prevalence estimates and sample size, income classification, and method of data collection, but not with gender. Although robust prevalence studies are sparse in low-income and middle-income countries, elder abuse seems to affect one in six older adults worldwide, which is roughly 141 million people. Nonetheless, elder abuse is a neglected global public health priority, especially compared with other types of violence. Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the WHO Department of Ageing and Life Course.

The Development of a Restorative Justice Dialogue Program at a Senior Day Service Centre in Japan for Community Elder Abuse Prevention

The Development of a Restorative Justice Dialogue Program at a Senior Day Service Centre in Japan for Community Elder Abuse Prevention

The Essence of the Problem of Elder Abuse through the Humanities and Social Sciences Convergence Approach

Background/Objectives: All over the world, “Elder abuse” has been at an escalation. Each of the countries is dealing with Elder abuse. Methods/Statistical Analysis: However there has not been any study in the past that utilized the convergence approach of humanities and social sciences as it was in this study. Here upon, this study is intended to analyze the causal factors and the essence of elder abuse through recognition of characters in drama“Ninkyo Helper”, showing problem of elder abuse of Japan which is top aging country. An analysis method was used for the content analysis of the TV drama. Findings: First of all, family orientation and reliance that Japanese society has, were shown at peripheral characters. Secondly, denial and avoidance of abuse from family orientation and reliance, defense on victim, and self-permissive attitude, etc. were shown among victims. Thirdly, excessive burden on the support and issue of family from abuse were identified among assailants. As a private counter measure, a social relationship network was developed to prevent abuse and to enable early recognition of abuse. The will for abuse prevention allowed the victims of elder abuse to understand the supporting load of the supporters. With the will to change the current situation, the elders showed the will to accept the public service. It was found that public counter measures taken by individual public servants or facilities have various limitations to positively intervene and provide solutions for elder abuse, because decisions about appropriate intervention are difficult to make due to the conflict among values, and those who are responsible are difficult to identify in an unpredictable problematic situation. Application/Improvements: As for this issue, legal measures for public intervention, furthermore, change recognition about elder abuse and to be required to prevent elder abuse by maintaining social relation network and also seek for solutions.

Diagnosis of Elder Abuse in U.S. Emergency Departments.

To estimate the proportion of visits to U.S. emergency departments (EDs) in which a diagnosis of elder abuse is reached using two nationally representative datasets. Retrospective cross-sectional analysis. U.S. ED visits recorded in the 2012 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) or the 2011 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). All ED visits of individuals aged 60 and older. The primary outcome was elder abuse defined according to International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes. The proportion of visits with elder abuse was estimated using survey weights. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to identify demographic characteristics and common ED diagnoses associated with elder abuse. In 2012, NEDS contained information on 6,723,667 ED visits of older adults, representing an estimated 29,056,673 ED visits. Elder abuse was diagnosed in an estimated 3,846 visits, corresponding to a weighted diagnosis period prevalence of elder abuse in U.S. EDs of 0.013% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.012-0.015%). Neglect and physical abuse were the most common types diagnosed, accounting for 32.9% and 32.2% of cases, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed greater weighted odds of elder abuse diagnosis in women (odds ratio (OR) = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.68-2.26) and individuals with contusions (OR = 2.91, 95% CI = 2.36-3.57), urinary tract infection (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.84-2.65), and septicemia (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.44-2.55). In the 2011 NHAMCS dataset, no cases of elder abuse were recorded for the 5,965 older adult ED visits. The proportion of U.S. ED visits by older adults receiving a diagnosis of elder abuse is at least two orders of magnitude lower than the estimated prevalence in the population. Efforts to improve the identification of elder abuse in EDs may be warranted.

Interventions for preventing elder abuse: applying findings of a new Cochrane review.

There is evidence that elder abuse is a significant public health problem that is destined to grow as population age. Countries are considering how best to act and this requires an understanding of the complex causal mechanisms contributing to its occurrence and the identification of effective interventions which can potentially make a difference. Previously, a high quality synthesis of evidence for policy and practice has been missing. In this paper, we describe a new Cochrane review of interventions to prevent the occurrence or reoccurrence of elder abuse. Overall, the quality of the evidence available for decision making is very low and there is little to guide practice. Amongst the interventions, there is some evidence that teaching coping skills to family carers of persons with dementia might make the situation better. We argue that poor quality and wasteful research needs to be avoided, and front-line agencies be supported in undertaking comparative evaluation of their services.

State of the science on prevention of elder abuse and lessons learned from child abuse and domestic violence prevention: Toward a conceptual framework for research

ABSTRACTThe goal of this review is to discuss the state of the science in elder abuse prevention. Findings from evidence-based programs to reduce elder abuse are discussed, drawing from findings and insights from evidence-based programs for child maltreatment and domestic/intimate partner violence. A conceptual measurement model for the study of elder abuse is presented and linked to possible measures of risk factors and outcomes. Advances in neuroscience in child maltreatment and novel measurement strategies for outcome assessment are presented.

Poly-victimization and resilience portfolios: Trends in violence research that can enhance the understanding and prevention of elder abuse

ABSTRACTThis literature review assesses the current state of knowledge about elder abuse and mistreatment, focusing on the lack of incorporation of all forms of elder victimization and the benefits of a poly-victimization framework. This review also includes existing knowledge on risk factors and calls for a greater focus on protective factors and a greater inclusion on family and community factors. Future research, prevention, and intervention would benefit from considering the true burden of elder victimization and a greater implementation of strengths-based approaches to programs.

Maus-tratos contra idosos em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul: um estudo documental

Resumo Este estudo objetivou verificar a prevalência e os tipos de maus-tratos sofridos por idosos, registrados na Delegacia de Proteção ao Idoso do município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Além disso, buscou descrever o perfil da vítima e do agressor e identificar os motivos relacionados à ocorrência de maus-tratos nesse grupo etário. Realizou-se um estudo documental e retrospectivo com base nos boletins de ocorrência da Delegacia de Proteção ao Idoso de Porto Alegre registrados nos meses de abril e maio de 2011. Dos 224 boletins de ocorrência avaliados, 175 denunciavam situações de maus-tratos. Os maus-tratos psicológicos foram os mais frequentes, seguidos pelo abuso financeiro ou material. A vítima, na maioria dos casos, foi do sexo feminino e de baixa escolaridade. O agressor, geralmente, era do sexo masculino e familiar da vítima. Os resultados demonstram uma incidência significativa de maus-tratos contra idosos no município de Porto Alegre.

237 ELDER ABUSE CONTEXT AND THEORY IN FINLAND, IRELAND, ITALY AND ROMANIA

This book explores the topic of elder abuse from the perspective of four countries, Finland, Ireland, Italy and Romania. The book represents one of a number of resources being developed as part of an Erasmus Plus funded project called Socio-Drama Tackling Ageism, Preventing Abuse (S.T.Age).The main objective of S.T.Age is to design an education programme that will provide new learning opportunities in the field of human rights of older people to prevent elder abuse. Five organisations have come together to develop this project. Age Action (Ireland); Anziani e non solo, (Italy); Asociatia HABILITAS Centru de Resurse si Formare Profesionala (Romania) and Suvanto – For a Safe Old Age (Finland) are all non-governmental organisations working to improve the lives of older people; the fifth partner the Gaiety School of Acting, Ireland, a not-for-profit theatre school, is involved in developing programmes that address social issues through drama.

방문요양보호사의 노인학대에 대한 인식

본 논문은 재가시설 방문요양보호사들의 노인학대와 관련한 인식정도를 학대신고 및 관련 교육경험을 중심으로 조사한 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 2014년 1월 13일부터 2월 10일까지 방문요양보호사 249명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문을 통해 이루어졌다. 전체적인 노인학대 인식은 높았으며, 학대 유형 중 신체적 학대에 대한 인식이 가장 높고, 재정적, 언어적, 방임 그리고 정서적 학대 순으로 나타났다. 대부분의 방문요양보호사들은 노인학대 예방을 위한 신고의무가 중요하다고 인식했으나, 다수의 경우가 신고경험이 없고, 알고 있는 신고기관 종류가 대부분 경찰로 다소 제한적이었다. 관련 교육에 있어서는 다수의 방문요양보호사들이 노인학대 예방 및 신고에 대한 교육프로그램의 학습요구도가 매우 높았으며, 노인학대의 사례와 대처방법, 가족에 대한 상담과 교육방법 등 재가 현장에 필요한 구체적이고 실제적인 내용을 주로 희망하였다. 이에 재가시설 방문요양보호사들을 위한 노인학대 예방교육 프로그램 개발 시 유형별 노인학대의 인식, 신고의무 및 신고체계에 대한 정확한 이해 그리고 구체적인 학대사례와 대처방법이 중심이 되어야 하며, 재가의 특성 상 가족들의 상담과 교육 또한 중요내용으로 포함될 필요가 있다. This study describes visiting caregivers' perceptions and reporting of elder abuse. From January 13 to February 10, 2014, data were collected from 249 visiting caregivers working at homes by using a structured questionnaire. The caregivers' perceptions of abuse were high overall. Physical abuse was the most common type, followed by financial, verbal, negligence, and emotional abuse. Most visitors recognized that it is important to require reporting for the prevention of elder abuse, but most of them had no experience with reporting abuse, and the agencies that they knew were mostly the police. A majority of the visiting caregivers had attended an elder abuse program and recognized the importance of such programs. The caregivers hoped that the programs would have specific examples of how to deal with elder abuse and family counseling methods, and other practical content for their work. Programs should focus on coping with individual cases, proper counseling methods, and awareness of elder abuse.

The prevalence of elder abuse and associated factors among the elderly in Kashan city, Iran

Introduction: Elder abuse is among the major social health problems in today`s communities, and has significant effect on decreasing the health and security level in this group. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of abuse among the elderly in Kashan, Iran. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 500 people over 60 years old in Kashan, Iran in 2014. Subjects were randomly selected from 10 healthcare centers of Kashan. Data were collected using elder abuse questionnaire. Cronbach alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was determined as 0.975. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 13. Pearson correlation coefficient and logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. The statistically significant level was P<0.05. Results: Results of the current study showed that 80% of subjects have experienced at least one type of abuse during the last year. The highest rate of abuse was in the form of financial abuse (45.6%), and the lowest was in ostracizing (16.6%). There was a statistical significant relationship between the elder abuse and variables such as sex, age, number of children, marital status, living arrangement, residential situation, home properties, monthly income, insurance situation, illness history, walking ability and using mobility aids. Logistic regression analysis also showed significant relationship between the elder abuse and unemployment, living in an apartment, and the age range 71-80 years. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of abuse among the elderly, clarification of this phenomenon is considered as one of the main priorities, which can be achieved only through multidisciplinary approach in the community, and needs cooperation and collaboration of all community members.