Prevalence Of Elder Abuse Research Articles

Abuse among Elderly in a Rural Area of Purba-Bardhaman District: a Cross-sectional Study

Background: Aging is increasingly recognized as a health and social problem with challenges on family and the society. The present study aimed at assessing prevalence and types of abuse among elderly and the various associated factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2018 among elderly persons (, 60 years) in a community developmental block of Purba-Bardhaman district, West Bengal. Based on required assumptions (50% prevalence, 15% relative error, design effect of 2 and 10% non-response) a total sample of 378 was selected through multistage sampling. With prior informed consent, data were collected using a predesigned - pretested schedule prepared with the help of Hwalek– Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S EAST) tool. A multivariable logistic regression model was generated using the SPSS software. Results: Among 371 subjects studied mean age was 67.39 (±6.063) years, 51.8% were females. Overall 11.9% (44) of elderly were found to be abused and prevalence of elderly abuse among females and males were 13.5% and 10.1% respectively. Psychological abuse was most frequent (95.5%) followed by neglect (84.1%), financial exploitation (52.3%) and physical abuse was least (9.1%). Among the various factors studied, living without spouse [AOR =2.690 (1.355-5.340)] and without social-security support [AOR =4.982 (1.449-17.126)] were found to be significantly associated with elderly abuse. Conclusion: Elderly populations in this study area are vulnerable to abuse and adequate social security support might reduce elderly abuse.

Prevalence and correlates of elder abuse: A cross-sectional, community-based study from rural Puducherry.

Elder abuse is a neglected problem and needs to be addressed to improve the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly. We aimed to study the correlates of elder abuse in rural Puducherry. We conducted a cross-sectional, communitybased study among all the elderly people (60 years and above), from one of the four villages of a rural primary health centre in Puducherry. Participants were contacted at their homes. After obtaining consent, data were collected using (i) a structured, pre-tested questionnaire on sociodemographic details; (ii) elder abuse using the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test; and (iii) QoL using WHO QoL-BREF. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of elder abuse. Of the 243 elderly individuals studied, 63% were women. The prevalence of elder abuse was 50.2%. On multivariable analysis, elderly with higher education status were found to have lower odds for suffering from abuse (primary education odds ratio [OR] 0.39 [0.18-0.84]; middle school OR 0.35 [0.14-0.86]; high school OR 0.08 [0.01-0.4]) compared to those with no formal education and those above 80 years of age were found to have higher odds for abuse (OR 3.02 [1.1-7.9]) compared to those <80 years, after adjusting for confounders such as sex, socioeconomic status, marital status and living arrangement. Half the elderly in our sample suffered from abuse. The higher age group and absence of formal education emerged as independent predictors of elder abuse.

Prevalence of Elder abuse in elderly care centers: A review study

Prevalence of Elder abuse in elderly care centers: A review study

Developing a comprehensive understanding of elder abuse prevention in immigrant communities: a comparative mixed methods study protocol

IntroductionOlder adults are the fastest growing age group in Canada. Elder abuse has significant individual and societal implications, so it is critical to address. While interest in this topic is...

Gender Differences in the Prevalence and Correlates of Elder Abuse in a Community-Dwelling Older Population in Korea.

Background: We examined gender differences in the prevalence estimates and correlates of elder abuse in a community-dwelling older population in Korea. Methods: We analyzed responses from the Living Profiles of Older People Survey (LPOPS), which comprises a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized Korean older adults living in the community. A total of 10,184 older persons (4179 men and 6005 women) were included in the analysis. Results: The overall rate of elder abuse was 9.9%, and emotional elder abuse was the most frequent type. Of the men and women subjects, 8.8 and 10.6%, respectively, had experienced elder abuse. We observed significant gender differences in the correlates of elder abuse. Educational attainment was significantly associated with elder abuse in men but not in women. Poor self-rated health was significantly associated with elder abuse in women but not in men. Household income and relationship with children were significantly associated with elder abuse in both men and women. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the factors that make elderly persons vulnerable to elder abuse may differ by gender. A better understanding of the risk factors for elder abuse across genders will facilitate the development of elder abuse prevention strategies, practices, and policies.

Prevalence of elder abuse in Iran: a Systematic review and meta-analysis

In the past century, elder abuse has become an important health issue and a stressful event that negatively affects the physical and mental health of the elders. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of elder abuse in Iran through systematic review and meta-analysis. All articles about elderly abuse in Iran since 2005-2017 were searched using the Google Scholar search engine, four Iranian databases (Magiran, IranMedex, SID) and six international English language databases(Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, Pubmed, Science Direct-Embase) with keywords of Elder Abuse, Elder Mistreatment, Elder Neglect, Abuse and a combination of these keywords. After examining the entry and exit criteria and qualitative evaluation of the articles, Data was analyzed by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software. In a systematic review, 15 articles on elders in Iran were included in the study. The overall prevalence of elder abuse was 48.3% (with 95% confidence interval: 28.6-68.6) and the highest prevalence of elder abuse was related to the care neglect dimensionat the prevalence rate of 38.4% (with 95% confidence interval: 21.7-51.6) and the lowest prevalence rate of elder abuse was related to the rejection atthe prevalence rate of 11% (with 95% confidence interval: 6.9-17.1). The prevalence of elder abuse among elders was high in Iran. Considering the growing elderly population in Iran, preventive measures should be considered in this regard. For this reason, community health nurses are required to provide the elderly, family and community with necessary preventive interventions in this regard.

Development and assessment of the content validity of the professional good practices scale in nursing homes.

Recent approaches in the care of older people have led to a greater emphasis on good practices to prevent elder abuse. The instruments assessing good practices are very limited, and those focused on elder abuse have rarely considered subtle forms, especially in institutional settings. The aim of this study was to develop and assess the content validity of a good practices scale for professionals working in nursing homes. An extensive literature review of the tools assessing professionals' good-bad practices towards older people was conducted. A preliminary scale based on Kayser-Jones' (1990) [Old, Alone and Neglected: Care of the Aged in Scotland and the United States. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press] types of abuse was developed, including four subscales: Personalization, Humanization, Absence of Infantilization, and Absence of Victimization. Content validity was analyzed through a panel of eight experts. Rovinelli and Hambleton's index of item-objective congruence was used to analyze the items' inclusiveness in the assigned subscale to establish their representativeness. Items' relevance and clarity were analyzed using the paired comparison method. The final version of the scale included 56 items, with appropriate levels of item objective-congruence, relevance, and clarity. This instrument will allow professionals to detect and develop awareness and intervention programs that aim to promote good practices in nursing homes.

Elder Abuse—The Current State of Research in South Africa

Objectives: The concern about elder abuse increases as the global population ages. Elder abuse is a global public health, human rights, and criminal justice problem that goes beyond socioeconomic classes and regions. It remains understudied, especially in developing countries with limited resources. It is therefore timely to do a review of the available research on elder abuse in South Africa, to be able to address the gaps in the research with future projects.Methods: Publications were identified from PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Sabinet, Africa-Wide Information, CINAHL, E-Journals, Family and Society Studies Worldwide, PsycARTICLES, Criminal Justice s, and Social Work s. Fourteen articles on elder abuse in South Africa were selected for further review. This paper provides a narrative review of elder abuse in South Africa and is not a systematic review.Discussion: South Africa is a multicultural nation, plagued by HIV/AIDS, poverty, and the remaining effects of the legacy of apartheid. This background sets the stage for categories of abuse that are unique to the country that are highlighted in this review. The available research on elder abuse is very limited and no reliable data about the prevalence of elder abuse in South Africa could be found.Conclusions: There is a clear need for more longitudinal research about all aspects of elder abuse in South Africa. To improve future research efforts consensus has to be reached about a universal operational definition of abuse and an elder abuse instrument with a clear cut-off for definite elder abuse.

Prevalence and associated factors of elder abuse in family caregivers of older people with dementia in central China cross‐sectional study

To explore the abuse risk and related important determinants among older people with dementia in central China. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a sample of 158 family caregivers of older people with dementia was conveniently recruited from the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Hubei Province, China. A social-demographic questionnaire, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), and the Caregiver Abuse Screen (CASE) were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and logistic regression analysis were used for the data analyses. The results demonstrate that 77.8% reported a risk of the abuse of older people with dementia. Moreover, positive and negative reactions, subjective support, and emotional, social, and physical burden were associated with family caregivers' abusive behaviours. This was a study conducted to examine the risk of the abuse of older people with dementia by family caregivers in central China. Elder abuse is prevalent among people with dementia. The present results confirmed the need to focus on family caregiver burden, coping styles, and social support in future interventions to prevent elder abuse.

Domestic elder abuse and associated factors in elderly women in Tehran, Iran.

OBJECTIVESElderly people are often abused in many ways, with serious and lasting consequences. Elder abuse remains one of the most hidden forms of family conflict, and its frequency is anticipated to be rising in many countries that are rapidly experiencing population aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of domestic elder abuse in elderly women in Tehran, Iran and to identify associated factors.METHODSThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 among 260 women aged 60 and over, selected through multistage random sampling. Information on abuse and its risk factors was collected through interviews with the elderly in their homes. In order to measure domestic elder abuse, the validated Domestic Elderly Abuse Questionnaire was used. The ordinal logistic test was used in Stata version 12 to identify factors related to elder abuse.RESULTSOverall, 90.4% of the subjects had experienced at least 1 type of abuse, among which authority deprivation (68.5%) was the most common and rejection (11.2%) the least common. The ordinal logistic analysis showed that the likelihood of experiencing more severe severe abuse was significantly higher in elderly people over 72 than in those aged 60-62 years (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 4.17).CONCLUSIONSDomestic elder abuse was found to be common in older women. Old age was an important risk factor for domestic elder abuse in elderly women in Tehran. Managing and preventing elder abuse is an important issue that needs to be addressed.

Prevalence of elder abuse: as unexpected news

Prevalence of elder abuse: as unexpected news

CURRENT STATUS OF ELDER ABUSE IN JAPAN

This paper reviews the current state of elder abuse in Japan. Using Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare data, collected annually since 2006, characteristics of Japanese elder abuse in both domestic and institutional settings, including number of reported and confirmed elder abuse cases, abuse reporters, types of abuse and causes, traits of victims and abusers are presented. Additionally, we compare Japan’s four stand-alone abuse prevention laws (targeting child abuse, domestic abuse, elder abuse and abuse for people with disabilities) delineating strengths and weaknesses of the elder abuse prevention law in comparison to the other three laws.

Older adults' emotional reactions to elder abuse: Individual and victimisation determinants.

Elder abuse has been gaining public, state, and scientific attention for the past 40years, but research focusing on emotional reactions of older adults to victimisation is still scarce. The study describes the emotions and feelings of older adults who experienced abuse in a community setting, and the association between these emotions and individual or abuse characteristics. The cross-sectional study comprises 510 older adults who were identified and referred by four institutions. Participants answered a questionnaire on elder abuse experiences, including the emotion or feeling brought out by the act of abuse that was perceived to be the most serious. Fear and sadness comprised 67.1% of all provided responses. Emotional reactions were associated with functional status, the presence of depressive symptoms, relationship with the perpetrator and, to a limited degree, to the experience of multiple types of abuse. The most significant and meaningful variable was the relationship with the perpetrator. This study demonstrates that older adults present very similar patterns of emotional reactions, but individual characteristics and the established relationship with the perpetrator might mediate the emotional response. Implications for prevention and intervention of elder abuse are discussed.

Does abuse in late life worsen sleep quality? A two-year prospective cohort study among rural older adults.

Elder abuse and neglect (EAN) is a growing public health problem, and numerous adverse health effects of abuse in late life have been documented. Little is known, however, about the impact of elder abuse on sleep quality. This study examines the longitudinal relationship between EAN and sleep quality. This was a 2-year prospective cohort study involving 1927 older adults in a rural Malaysian district, Kuala Pilah. A multi-stage cluster sampling strategy was employed. After 2years, 1189 respondents were re-assessed. EAN was determined using the modified Conflict Tactic Scale, while sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The prevalence of elder abuse was 8.1% (95% CI:6.9,9.3). Longitudinal analysis using generalized estimating equations showed that elder abuse contributed to higher PSQI scores (B:0.49, 95% CI:0.17,0.58). Sub-analyses demonstrated that psychological abuse and neglect had significant longitudinal relationships with increase of PSQI scores, while other subtypes did not. Abuse in late life, particularly psychological abuse and neglect, result in greater PSQI scores. Even though this may imply decline in sleep quality, our findings were not considered clinically significant as they did not exceed the clinical cut-off score of five. Nevertheless, sleep quality is an important determinant of health and a predictor of mortality among older adults; thus, understanding its relationship with abuse is useful to health care providers and policy-makers in improving health services and upgrading preventive measures.

Elder Abuse in Turkey and Associated Risk Factors

Elder abuse is one of the most important problems encountered by the elderly. Health, economical and psychological dimensions of the experience of aging also pose risk for elder abuse. This study aims to determine the abuse to which elder people are exposed based upon their own evaluations and to investigate the risk factors associated with elder abuse. This is a cross-sectional study among quantitative designs. Population of the study comprises 309 outpatient elders over the age of 65 referring to Aydın Doğan Geriatrics Clinic of Ankara University, Turkey. Collected data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression. In total, 70.9% of the elderly participating in this study experienced abuse more than once. Majority of the participants were victims of emotional abuse (64.1%), followed by neglect and abandonment (26.9%) and economic abuse (12.6%). There was significant relation between sex, marital status, health status of the elderly and being abused (p < 0.05). Being female and evaluating health status as bad are risk factors (p < 0.05). Elder abuse is a quite complex and multifaceted social problem. It is expected that this study will increase awareness of helping professionals (social workers, nurses, doctors, counsellors) about elder abuse risk factors and contribute to the development of social policies for preventing elder abuse. For future research, it will be more beneficial if studies on elder abuse adopt a holistic approach that will incorporate the family and relatives of the elderly and institutions.

Prevalence of Elder Abuse and Neglect in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Context: Elder abuse remains one of the most hidden forms of intra-family conflict within many societies. The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of elder abuse in Iran. Methods: International and national electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, SID, Magiran, Irandoc and Google Scholar were searched from inception to April 22, 2018. The quality of studies was assessed using the “STROBE” checklist. Meta-analysis was performed on studies that used the same questionnaire and reported estimates of annual prevalence of elder abuse. Results: Of 1386 articles retrieved in the initial search, 13 studies were selected for systematic review, of which eight studies were eligible to be included in the meta-analysis. The overall rates across all forms of abuse ranged widely from 14.7% to 87.8%. The pooled prevalence rate for overall elder abuse was 60% (95% CI: 42% - 78%). The pooled prevalence estimate in the domains of elder abuse was 13% (95% CI: 7% - 18%) for physical abuse, 36% (95% CI: 24% - 47%) for psychological abuse, 31% (95% CI: 18% - 43%) for financial abuse, 28% (95% CI: 19% - 37%) for financial neglect, 36% (95% CI: 22% - 50%) for care neglect, 43% (95% CI: 31% - 55%) for emotional neglect, 25% (95% CI: 16% - 35%) for authority deprivation, and 13% (95% CI: 8% - 18%) for abandonment. Conclusions: The results of the study showed the high prevalence of elder abuse in Iran, which requires the initiation of effective interventions by the legal authorities.

Associations among Elder Abuse, Depression and PTSD in South Korean Older Adults.

Increasing attention is being placed on the prevalence of elder abuse and its impact on mental health. This study conducted a survey of 172 elderly people in South Korea to determine the prevalence of elder abuse and the relationships involving elder abuse, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, which included the Korean Geriatric Depression Screening Scale (KGDS) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version (IES-R-K). Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the frequency of specific forms of abuse. Logistic regression models were estimated to identify the factors that contributed to risk of abuse exposure and the relationship between exposure and PTSD or depression. The results indicated around 22% of the participants reported abuse exposure, which most commonly included being refused physical contact, verbal threats, and/or being excluded from decision-making about personal issues. Low education and being unmarried, separated or divorced was associated with an increased risk of abuse exposure. There were strong associations between elder abuse and PTSD symptoms, while comparable relationships with depression were weaker and were not robust to the inclusion of control variables. The findings provided empirical support for the relationship between abuse experiences of the elderly and poor mental health and raise important issues for the mental health care of the elderly.

Regulations of Welfare of Older Persons Act against Elder Abuse and its Improvement

우리 사회가 고령화사회가 되면서 노인을 대상으로 한 범죄가 늘어나고 있는 한편, 노인학대 문제도 심각한 사회문제가 되어 가고 있다. 즉, 우리 사회에서 노인의 수가 증가하면서 노인에 대한 존경심과 배려가 약해지고, 노인의 수명이 늘어나면서 노인 부양에 대한 부담이 증가함에 따라 노인학대가 증가하고 있고, 그 정도도 심각한 지경에 이르고 있다. 하지만 노인학대방지를 위한 법적·제도적 장치는 충분하지 않다. 특히 노인학대의 경우에는 자기방임이 심각한 문제로 지적되고 있는 등, 학대피해노인의 특성에 따른 대책이 강구되고 있지 못한 면도 있다. 뿐만 아니라 노인학대에 대한 대책에 있어서도 아동학대의 경우와 달리 학대방지를 위한 독립법률을 제정·시행하고 있는 것이 아니라 「노인복지법」에서 일부 규정을 통해 규율하고 있음에 지나지 않고, 노인보호전문기관의 수도 상대적으로 매우 적어서 학대피해노인에 대한 보호나 지원 또한 상당히 열악한 수준에 있다. 이에 본고에서는 「노인복지법」을 중심으로 하여 노인학대에 관한 법제의 발달과정을 살펴보고, 노인학대를 효율적으로 방지하기 위한 개선방안을 제시하였다. 구체적인 방안으로는 (i) 노인학대에 관한 규정체계의 정비, (ii) 용어의 정리, (iii) 학대피해노인의 보호와 지원 강화, (iv) 학대신고의무자의 확대, (iv) 학대행위자에 대한 서비스의 강제화 등을 들 수 있다.As our society became rapidly an aging society, problems of the elder are increasing in numbers. Among them, the elder abuse comes to the fore as a serious problem of the society. Therefore, on 29 January 2004, in amendment of 「Welfare of Older Persons Act : WOPA」, the government had made a legal basis on measures to prevent elder abuse, and since then, revised and complemented it numerous times. Also the government established institutions and the policies for protection of the abused elder according to international standards. However, questions are being asked as to effectiveness of measures to prevent elder abuse and protect to the abused elder. Some People think that such questions result from insufficiency of the provision of WOPA as to elder abuse. Therefore, in this paper, after looking over the enactment and revision of provisons as to elder abuse in WOPA, I suggest points to modify and to make up this Act to achieve effectively the protection of the abused elder and the improvement of elder abusers. It is as follows : (i) regulation arrangement as to elder abuse, (ii) arrangement of terms, (iii) strengthening of protect and support for the abused elder, (iv) expansion of persons obligated to report elder abuse, (iv) compulsion of services on elder abusers.

A Legal-Policy Study for Prevention of Elder Abuse in the Welfare Facility For Older Persons

A Legal-Policy Study for Prevention of Elder Abuse in the Welfare Facility For Older Persons

Evidence-Based Practice Guideline: Elder Abuse Prevention.

Elder abuse occurs in all practice settings and presents in various forms. The purpose of the current evidence-based practice guideline is to facilitate health care professionals' assessment of older adults in domestic and institutional settings who are at risk for elder abuse, and to recommend interventions to reduce the incidence of mistreatment. Limited research has been conducted on interventions to prevent or reduce elder abuse. Research is available on the prevalence of elder abuse and indicators of individuals who may be more susceptible to harm. The current article summarizes prevalence and risk factors for elder abuse, instruments available to assess individuals at risk for or victims of abuse, and potential interventions to prevent or reduce elder abuse. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44(7), 21-30.].