Prevalence Of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases Research Articles

Lifestyle Clusters and Cardiometabolic Risks in Adolescents: A Chinese School-Based Study Using a Latent Class Analysis Approach.

Background: Unhealthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors are associated with a higher prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases and higher mortality in adults. However, there remains some uncertainty about the magnitude of the associations between lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular factors in adolescents.Methods: We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study of 895 Chinese adolescents aged 15–19 years. They participated in a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and blood sample collection. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify heterogeneous subgroups of lifestyle behaviors. A set of 12 latent class indicators, which reflected lifestyle behaviors including dietary habits, physical activity, sleep duration, screen time, and pressure perception, were included in the analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether the derived classes were related to a cardiometabolic risk.Results: In total, 13.7 and 5.6% of the participants were overweight and obese, respectively, and 8.4 and 14.1% reported having pre-hypertension and hypertension, respectively. A two-class model provided the best fit with a healthy lifestyle pattern (65.8%) and a sub-healthy lifestyle pattern (34.2%). There were more female participants with a healthy lifestyle (56.2 vs. 43.8%), whereas there were more males with a sub-healthy lifestyle (45.4 vs. 54.6%), (all P = 0.002). Increased risk of cardiometabolic abnormality (BMI categories, blood pressure and lipids) was not significant across lifestyle patterns, except for waist circumference (70.5 vs 69.1 cm, P = 0.044). There was no significant difference in physical activity and intake of fruit and vegetable between the two patterns.Conclusion: Primary prevention based on lifestyle modification should target patterns of behaviors at high risk in adolescents. Due to the complex effect of lifestyle clusters on cardiometabolic risks, well-designed and prospective studies in adolescents are needed in the future.

Global trends in the digital transformation of the healthcare industry

National health systems are experiencing a number of common global challenges: population growth, demographic ageing, the prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases, the constant growth of health-care costs, while increasing resource scarcity, including staffing. At the same time, the rapid development of information technologies, including the accumulation of big data, artificial intelligence, telemedicine, remote patient monitoring, and the increasing availability of high-performance mobile devices and a high-speed Internet connection create truly unique prospects for the development of digital healthcare products and services. Growth of investment from tech giants and venture capital funds is one of the main drivers of digital healthcare transformation. More and more innovative products are being offered not to enhance the effectiveness of existing processes within health systems, but to create new alternative ways to receive medical care or reduce problems in its delivery. Thus, a key customer and a user of digital healthcare products is gradually becoming not the heads of medical organizations, public health authorities or doctors, but patients themselves. In this article, we present an analysis of the existing global trends and directions of development of the digital healthcare market, form our image of the future and the most prospective scenarios and technologies for products and services in this area.

A cross sectional study to determine the sociodemographic profile and study prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases in an urban slum of Mumbai

Background: Mumbai is the economic capital of India. According to 2011 census, 41.84% of total population of Mumbai city resides in slum areas; chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide especially in developing countries where it has a huge impact on socioeconomic dynamics of the country and quality of life of its people.Methods: This was a retrospective cross sectional community level study based on family assessment survey records filled by undergraduate medical students as a part of their curriculum. The survey was conducted over the period of 1 years from August 2017 to July 2018 on 300 families residing in 3 slums in the field practice area of Cooper Hospital in Mumbai.Results: The total population was 1533, 720 were female and 813 were male. 417out of 1533 individuals were known cases of chronic noncommunicable diseases and were on treatment for the same, thus prevalence of chronic noncommunicable disease was 27.20%. There was significant association between age and prevalence of chronic noncommunicable disease (p<0.05) in the given population.Conclusions: The slum areas will continue to expand along with economic and industrial development. Growing number of slums constitute a major challenge to development of the community. The result emphasizes the need to implement measures to improve sanitation and hygiene of slums along with improvement of health coverage in these areas for early detection and treatment of NCDs.

A Population-Based Cohort Study on Chronic Comorbidity Risk Factors for Adverse Dengue Outcomes.

ABSTRACT.The global burden of dengue is increasing against a background of rising global prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and an epidemiological shift of dengue toward older age groups. The contribution of NCDs toward risk for adverse clinical and healthcare utilization outcomes was assessed in a national linked-database study. About 51,433 adult dengue cases between 2014 and 2015 were assessed for outpatient and inpatient claims data in Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database for the 30 days after their dengue diagnosis. A multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to estimate the probability of adverse dengue outcomes in patients with NCDs compared with dengue patients without underlying diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis and related disease were associated with the highest risk of hospitalization after dengue diagnosis (odds ratio: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.37–2.30), followed by stroke, chronic kidney disease (CKD), liver cirrhosis, asthma, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, congestive heart failure, hypertension, and malignancy. Chronic kidney disease and diabetes were associated with higher risks of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) use, and all-cause mortality. After adjusting for socioeconomic status and other variables, the number of coexisting chronic diseases was associated with increasing risk of adverse dengue outcomes. Specific NCDs were associated with longer hospitalizations, ICU admission, and higher healthcare costs. Quantifying the risks of adverse dengue outcomes and health expenditures among dengue patients with preexisting NCDs provides insights for improved clinical management and essential inputs for health economic analyses on the cost-benefit of risk-based routine or catch-up immunization programs.

1453Mapping the prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence

Abstract Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing global health challenge disproportionately impacting low- and middle-income settings, including Ethiopia. Currently, the body of evidence describing the burden of NCDs is fragmented, inconsistent, health facility- or institution-based, and out-dated in Ethiopia. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of the prevalence of NCDs in community settings in Ethiopia. Review methodology Community-based quantitative studies published in English between 2012 and July 2020 that reported the prevalence of NCDs in Ethiopia were included. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINHAL, and Global Health using pretested search terms related to NCDs was conducted, and data were extracted using a piloted data extraction proforma adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16. We measured the overall NCD prevalence using pooled odds ratios with 95% CIs. Pooled NCD prevalence was also computed and presented using forest plots. I2 was used to assess heterogeneity. Studies that did not fulfil the criteria for meta-analysis were narratively synthesised. Results Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies measured the prevalence of NCDs (all NCDs together), ranging from 29% to 35% (prevalence estimates not pooled). The pooled prevalence of Diabetes Mellites (DM) across ten studies was 5% (95% CI:4%−7%). Three studies each reported on the prevalence of undiagnosed DM (pooled prevalence 8%, 95% CI: 2%−14%) and pre-DM (pooled prevalence 12%, 95% CI:3%−21%). In a narrative analysis the prevalence of cardiovascular conditions ranged from 13.4% to 32.2% (n = 3 studies), cancer mortality ranged from 4% to 18% (n = 3 studies) and respiratory conditions ranged from 1% to 18% (n = 3 studies). Conclusion and recommendations Our analysis found that approximately one-third of Ethiopians have an NCD, with cardiovascular diseases the most common of all NCDs. The prevalence of respiratory conditions also appears high, but there are insufficient data for a pooled estimate. Whilst the prevalence of DM appears relatively low, there is evidence that the magnitude is increasing. Public health actions to address the high burden of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as the increasing magnitude of DM in Ethiopia, must be prioritised. Keywords: NCD, noncommunicable diseases, Ethiopia.

Determination of glycemic index and glycemic load of typical northeastern preparations / Determinação de índice glicêmico e carga glicêmica de preparações típicas do Nordeste

Introduction: One of the important factors for a normal healthy diet is the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (CG) of foods, since diets with inadequate GI and CG seem to be directly related to the increase in the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases. Objective: To determine the GI and CG of three typical Northeastern preparations. Methodology: An experimental, quantitative, descriptive and analytical study was carried out. The sample size was convenience (n=10), however, considering the recommendations of the FAO / WHO Expert Consultation (1998). For the determination of GI and CG, an adaptation of the FAO / WHO Expert Consultation protocol (1998), which consisted in the standardization of a 50 g portion of the tested preparations, but considering a minimum of 25 g of glycemic carbohydrate. The volunteers were fasted for 10 hours the night before the samples and had capillary glycemia measured at the intervals of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 minutes after consumption of the standard food and the proposed preparations, taken from the "Brazilian Regional Food Guide" of the Ministry of Health (2015), being tapioca with maracuja jelly, seriguela cake and macaxeira bread. Results: Tapioca preparations with passionfruit jelly, seriguela cake and macaxeira bread presented high glycemic index and glycemic load, as evidenced in the analyzes performed. Conclusion: The objective of this work was reached, since the GI and CG of the three proposed preparations were determined, contributing to the expansion of nutritional information and supporting the idea of food and nutritional education.

Current Knowledge on Beetroot Bioactive Compounds: Role of Nitrate and Betalains in Health and Disease.

An increase in the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases has been occurring in recent decades. Among the deaths resulting from these conditions, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) stand out as the main contributors. In this regard, dietary patterns featuring a high content of vegetables and fruits, such as the Mediterranean and the DASH diets, are considered beneficial, and thus have been extensively studied. This has resulted in growing interest in vegetable-derived ingredients and food-supplements that may have potential therapeutic properties. Among these supplements, beetroot juice, which is obtained from the root vegetable Beta vulgaris, has gained much attention. Although a significant part of the interest in beetroot juice is due to its nitrate (NO3−) content, which has demonstrated bioactivity in the cardiovascular system, other ingredients with potential beneficial properties such as polyphenols, pigments and organic acids are also present. In this context, the aim of this review article is to analyze the current knowledge regarding the benefits related to the consumption of beetroot and derived food-supplements. Therefore, this article focuses on nitrate and betalains, which are considered to be the major bioactive compounds present in beetroot, and thus in the derived dietary supplements.

Urban-rural differences in catastrophic health expenditure among households with chronic non-communicable disease patients: evidence from China family panel studies

BackgroundThe prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) challenges the Chinese health system reform. Little is known for the differences in catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) between urban and rural households with NCD patients. This study aims to measure the differences above and quantify the contribution of each variable in explaining the urban-rural differences.MethodsUnbalanced panel data were obtained from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) conducted between 2012 and 2018. The techniques of Fairlie nonlinear decomposition and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition were employed to measure the contribution of each independent variable to the urban-rural differences.ResultsThe CHE incidence and intensity of households with NCD patients were significantly higher in rural areas than in urban areas.The urban-rural differences in CHE incidence increased from 8.07% in 2012 to 8.18% in 2018, while the urban-rural differences in CHE intensity decreased from 2.15% in 2012 to 2.05% in 2018. From 2012 to 2018, the disparity explained by household income and self-assessed health status of household head increased to some extent. During the same period, the contribution of education attainment to the urban-rural differences in CHE incidence decreased, while the contribution of education attainment to the urban-rural differences in CHE intensity increased slightly.ConclusionsCompared with urban households with NCD patients, rural households with NCD patients had higher risk of incurring CHE and heavier economic burden of diseases. There was no substantial change in urban-rural inequality in the incidence and intensity of CHE in 2018 compared to 2012. Policy interventions should give priority to improving the household income, education attainment and health awareness of rural patients with NCDs.

Dor social em pacientes oncológicos elegíveis aos cuidados paliativos na atenção domiciliar: Revisão integrativa

Introdução: A prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) tem aumentado nas últimas décadas, e as neoplasias aparecem em segundo lugar merecendo destaque no cenário atual. A experiência de troca de papel social acompanhada de sentimentos de ansiedade, abandono e solidão denomina-se dor social, a qual na maioria das vezes acompanha o paciente oncológico. Este artigo tem como objetivo conhecer e compreender as causas da dor social em pacientes oncológicos elegíveis aos cuidados paliativos domiciliares. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com busca bibliográfica dos últimos cinco anos, na base de dados PUBMED, utilizando a seguinte questão norteadora de pesquisa: Quais as causas da dor social de pessoas com câncer elegíveis aos cuidados paliativos na atenção domiciliar? Resultados: Após análise dos critérios, foram definidos 3 artigos para a revisão por preencherem os critérios de seleção. Conclusão: As causas da dor social envolvem as atividades de vida diária, troca de papeis, isolamento e solidão. O cuidado paliativo e a atenção domiciliar têm um papel valioso para abordar, prevenir e proporcionar o alívio da dor social, porém, existe uma carência de conhecimento por parte dos profissionais de saúde sobre essa temática, o que pode ser melhor abordado nas instituições de ensino.

Prevalence Of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Among Women In The City Of Andijan

The modern screening test was performed in 1323 women, which live in Fergana valley. Our results have shown that first of all, the more cases were polipathy. The second, more cases were in 35-49 age women . Third , we found evidence it importance of epidemiological study of findings polipathy and we recommend this project to using in practice.

Redução da desigualdade de acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na Atenção Primária brasileira: Programa Academia da Saúde

Introdução: A situação de saúde marcada pela elevada prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis revela a necessidade de reestruturar a atenção à saúde. Nesse sentido, serviços como o Programa Academia da Saúde (PAS) foram implantados na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) brasileira. Objetivo: Analisar, sob a perspectiva dos usuários, o PAS como oportunidade de redução das desigualdades de acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na APS. Método: Trata-se de estudo qualitativo realizado na primeira unidade do PAS implantada em Belo Horizonte-MG, com ingressantes no serviço entre 2007 a 2011. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante entrevista semiestruturada. Realizaram-se descrição dos dados sociodemográficos e análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Resultado: Ingressaram no PAS, entre 2007 e 2011, 1.059 usuários, a maioria mulheres, adultos de meia idade, com baixa renda e elevadas prevalências de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Na perspectiva dos usuários, o PAS possibilitou o acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na APS, oportunizando a construção de escolhas mais saudáveis e mudanças nos modos de viver, sobretudo relacionados à atividade física e alimentação adequada e saudável, promovendo o empoderamento dos usuários. No entanto, foram identificadas limitações na integração do PAS com a Unidade Básica de Saúde adstrita. Conclusão: O PAS tem potencial para favorecer o acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na APS, embora ainda seja necessária maior integração com os demais pontos de atenção à saúde visando fortalecer o cuidado integral em rede e as ações de promoção da saúde.

Combined relationship of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour with the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases: data from 52,675 Brazilian adults and elderly

ABSTRACT This paper aims to verify the association between the combined relationship of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour (SB) at leisure-time and the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in Brazilian adults and elderly. This is a cross-sectional study, derived from the VIGITEL system, with individuals ≥18 years old (n = 52,675). The presence of NCDs (diabetes, hypertension, and obesity) and the independent variables were defined by self-report. Binary logistic regression was used. While adults with the presence of, at least, one risky behaviour had a higher odds to have obesity (OR active + high SB: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.01;1.54; OR inactive + low SB: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.25;1.73; OR inactive + high SB: 1.77; 95%CI: 1.47;2.12), the elderly had an increased risk for this outcome only when classified as inactive (OR inactive + low SB: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.17;1.75; OR inactive + high SB: 1.87; 95%CI: 1.47;2.38). Inactive adults with low SB were more likely to have diabetes (OR inactive + low SB: 1.31; 95%CI: 1.00;1.71) and hypertension (OR inactive + low SB: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.08;1.46), while physical inactivity was again more strongly associated with these outcomes in the elderly, for diabetes (OR inactive + low SB: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.02;1.48; OR inactive + high SB: 1.75; 95%CI: 1.39;2.19), and hypertension (OR inactive + low SB: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.05;1.41; OR inactive + high SB: 1.60; 95%CI: 1.33;1.94) Both leisure-time behaviours carry a high risk of the prevalence of different NCDs, however, physical inactivity, isolated or combined, showed a greater association with the evaluated outcomes. Highlights This cross-national survey included representative sample of people ≥18 years old. Adults with at least one evident risky behavior had a higher chance of obesity. Inactive adults with low sedentary behavior had higher chances for diabetes and hypertension. Physical inactivity was more strongly associated with all diseases in the elderly.

Analiza telesnog sastava - najčešći modeli i metode ispitivanja

Accurate and valid analysis of body composition is important for the diagnosis of nutritional status, training impact assessment, the body's response to nutritional and therapeutic interventions, growth and development of the organism, and health risk assessment. With the increasing prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, obesity, the need for different models and methods of body composition analysis has also increased. This review paper aimed to show the most commonly used methods for body composition analysis and to give a brief insight into the current techniques. The methods for analysing body composition vary in their accuracy and reliability and in practice the use of appropriate methods depends on the interest and the required accuracy, e.g. dual-energy X-ray absoptiometry (DXA) as the gold standard for determining bone mineral density, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the gold standard for soft tissue and organ analysis. These methods, along with computed tomography (CT), hydrodensitometry and plethysmography, are routinely used in clinical medicine, and due to their complexity, availability and high prices, they are mostly used in sports medicine for research purposes. In sports medicine, the anthropometric method and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) are mostly used, due to their simplicity and comfort for the examinees. The best assessment of body composition can be obtained by a combination of several methods - a multi-component model, which can increase the accuracy and reliability of the obtained data, and health risk can be assessed with greater certainty.

Integrative review: Subjective and objective methods for assessing nutritional status of elderly patients with heart failure

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases when age advances, highlighting the heart disease. The objectives of this study was to investigate the aging process, the cardiovascular disease and the main subjective and objectives evaluation methods of nutritional status of elderly patients with heart disease. Methods: It is an integrative review through articles indexed in Lilacs, Medline, PubMed, SciELO, NCBI, Capes, Bireme, published between 2014 and 2018. Results: Studies show that the elderly are frequently affected by malnutrition during hospitalization, which represents about 77% of the cases. In pre-surgical patients, the prevalence of malnutrition ranges from 25.5% to 51%. There are several types of subjective methods and objectives for assessing the nutritional status of hospitalized elderly people, such as: Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002), Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), body mass index (BMI), arm circumference, calf circumference, hand grip strength and biochemical tests. Conclusions: The various researches investigated reveal that the subjective and objective evaluations of the nutritional status of the elderly with cardiovascular diseases are essential tools for early detection of malnutrition and nutritional risk and of nutritional changes, which contribute to the appropriate and timely nutritional intervention.

Ontology Based Recommender System for Diabetic Patients

Chronic diseases are a persistent and long-lasting human health conditions that lasts for more than three months. Today the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia increases rapidly because of different reasons like poor nutrition habit, lack of physical activities, drinking alcohols, smoking and life style issues. To overcome this problem different technological applications are developed globally to support both the health professional in diagnosis process and the patients for their self-treatment activities. Ontology helps to create common understanding between human and computers, enable reusability of information, and allows sharing of concepts. Ontology based personalized recommendation model is for diabetic patient in Ethiopian context. We have used design science research methodology in our proposed study. In the development of the proposed model, first we have developed the patient and domain or disease ontology and then the two ontologies needs to integrate in order to develop the required recommendation model. We have used Protégé ontology development tool for the development of the proposed domain or disease and patient ontology. This research discusses how to develop patient and domain or disease ontology and then it also describes how two ontologies need to integrate in order to develop the required recommendation model.

Primeira infância sem açúcar: um direito a ser conquistado

Objetivo: promover a reflexão acerca do impacto do consumo de açúcar na primeira infância à luz da garantia de direitos. Metodologia: o trabalho foi realizado a partir de revisão integrativa de literatura na base de dados PubMed com o uso de descritores específicos. Foram selecionados textos completos em inglês, disponíveis online de 2014 a 2019. Também foram utilizados, de forma complementar, documentos oficiais sobre o perfil nutricional da população e o desenvolvimento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em crianças. Resultados: a busca no banco de dados PubMed registrou 36 publicações, das quais onze foram selecionadas para a presente revisão. A fim de relacionar o tema do consumo de açúcar ao direito à saúde da criança, foram consultados também nove documentos jurídicos, onze publicações oficiais de órgãos governamentais, além de livros técnicos, o que possibilitou fundamentar a discussão sobre o impacto do açúcar na saúde da criança como um direito a ser conquistado. Conclusão: apesar do moderno aparato de proteção à saúde e à alimentação da primeira infância pautado pela legislação brasileira, persiste o excesso de açúcar livre na alimentação infantil, o que causa impacto negativo comprovado na prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. A alimentação sem sacarose pode ser apontada como um direito da primeira infância devido a sua influência na formação de hábitos, na prevenção de doenças e na qualidade de vida a longo prazo.

Obesity and COVID-19 in Latin America: A tragedy of two pandemics-Official document of the Latin American Federation of Obesity Societies.

SummaryIn May 2020, Latin America became the epicenter of the COVID‐19 pandemic, a region already afflicted by social disparities, poor healthcare access, inadequate nutrition and a large prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases. Obesity and its comorbidities are increasingly prevalent in Latin America, with a more rapid growth in individuals with lower income, and currently a disease associated with COVID‐19 severity, complications and death. In this document, the Latin American Association of Obesity Societies and collaborators present a review of the burden of two pandemics in Latin America, discuss possible mechanisms that explain their relationship with each other and provide public health and individual recommendations, as well as questions for future studies.

Wine Intake in the Framework of a Mediterranean Diet and Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases: A Short Literature Review of the Last 5 Years.

Dietary habits are a determining factor of the higher incidence and prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In the aim to find a possible preventive and intervention strategy, the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed as an effective approach. Within the MedDiet, moderate wine consumption with meals is a positive item in the MedDiet score; however, recent studies have reported a dose-response association between alcohol consumption and higher risk of a large number of NCDs. This review aimed to evaluate the association between NCDs and wine consumption in the framework of the MedDiet, with a simple review of 22 studies of the highest-level literature published over the last five years. We found that the information regarding the effects of wine in different health outcomes has not varied widely over the past five years, finding inconclusive results among the studies evaluated. Most of the literature agrees that light to moderate wine intake seems to have beneficial effects to some extent in NCDs, such as hypertension, cancer, dyslipidemia and dementia, but no definitive recommendations can be made on a specific dose intake that can benefit most diseases.

Prevalence and associated factors of chronic non-communicable diseases among cross-country truck drivers in Ethiopia

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are diseases that are not transmitted from one person to another. Currently, NCDs are the primary causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Truck driving is an occupation that prone drivers to risk factors for NCDs than other occupations. Eventhough risk of developing NCDs among these population is high, studies that showed the prevalence and associated factors of chronic NCDs among truck drivers in Ethiopia are not available. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of chronic NCDs among truck drivers in Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 cross-country truck drivers at the Modjo dry port in Ethiopia. The interviwer-administered questionnaire technique was used to collect the data. The body mass index of the study participants was measured using DHM-15A standardized scale (BMI Height and Weight body fat scale).ResultsOf the 400 truck drivers interviewed, the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases was 28.5, 95% CI (24.1–32.9%). Eighty (20%) had hypertension followed by 32(8%), and 22 (5.5%) had diabetes mellitus and asthma, respectively. The study also found that being married (AOR = 3.14, 95%CI [1.78–5.86]) and Separated/Divorced/Widower (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI [1.12–3.55]), having 3 or more family sizes (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI [1.33–4.42]), BMI ≥ 25 (AOR = 4.66, 95% CI [2.85–7.62]), smoking cigarettes [AOR = 1.71, 95% CI [1.03–2.81]), driving 10 or more years (AOR = 3.48, 95% CI [1.89–5.24]) and driving 9 or more hours daily (AOR = 3.76, 95% CI [1.96–6.54]) were statistically associated with chronic non-communicable diseases.ConclusionThe prevalence of chronic NCDs among truck drivers was significant (28.5%), and we can conclude that chronic NCDs are of public health importance among truck drivers in Ethiopia. This may create a substantial load on the healthcare system as an end result of increased demand and contact with healthcare services. Therefore, a rigorous effort is needed to develop strategies for the prevention and management of NCDs.

Associação entre o nível de atividade física e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em idosos

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNTs) e sua possível associação com o nível de atividade física e comportamento sedentário de idosos usuários das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS). Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico analítico, observacional, correlacional e transversal, realizado com 654 idosos de ambos os sexos, usuários de UBS do município de Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e de saúde. O nível de atividade física e o comportamento sedentário foi avaliado por meio do International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), versão curta. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado a estatística descritiva e inferencial, por meio dos testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Krustal-Wallis e Qui Quadrado, considerando um nível de significância de p<0,05. A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é a DCNT mais prevalente nos idosos (57,9%). Os idosos das UBS com três ou mais morbidades associadas realizam menos dias de atividades moderadas por semana quando comparados com os idosos com nenhuma ou com um ou duas. Conclusão: Baixos níveis de atividade física estão associados à algumas DCNTs (doença do coração, AVC e doença pulmonar) em idosos das UBS.