Prevalence Of Appearance Research Articles

Facial Hirsutism as Side Effect of Oral Retinoids Among Females

Background: Oral retinoids remain the most effective treatment for severe acne which is a multifactorial chronic skin disease causing extreme reduction in quality of life. Retinoids long list of side effects includes xerosis, cheilitis, photosensitivity & pigmentation. Data regarding the relationship between retinoids & facial hair is scarce. The relationship needs to be identified & addressed as facial hair again is cause of decrease in quality of life.Objective: To determine the facial hirsutism as a side effect of oral retinoids among females.Materials and Methods: Data for the study was collected from 300 female patients visiting Dermatology OPD of Saidu Group of Taching Hospitals, Swat, during the year 2020. Demographic data was collected from the patients. Patients with severe acne were included in the study and they were put on oral retinoids 0.5mg/kg day for four whole months. The rationale was to understand the prevalence of appearance of facial hair in these patients as new entity.Results: The study was completed by 300 female patients having severe acne and were started by oral retinoids and follow ups made monthly for 4 months. The results of the study show that facial hair appearance was highest (43.43%) in age group 30-35 years and lowest (3.03%) in age group, 36-41%. Of total 300, 99 (33%) got facial hirsutism and 201 (67%) had no facial hair.Conclusion: This study highlights facial hirsutism as a significant and frequently observed side effect among 33% of 300 female patients on oral retinoids for severe acne, while other adverse effects were well tolerated without requiring treatment discontinuation. Further research is essential to explore hirsutism in larger patient cohorts.Keywords: Acne Vulgaris, Hirsutism, Retinoids

Ectopic dental inclusion: A literature review

Objective: Analyze the publications on ectopic dental inclusion, as well as its risk factors, prevalence and respective treatments. Materials and methods: A literature review was carried out including articles from the year 2000 to 2021 in the databases: Medline/PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar. Thirty-seven bibliographic references of interest were used for the study, of which 18 case report and case series articles were selected for the analysis of clinical, pathological, and radiographic information, as well as patient demographics, anatomical location of ectopic teeth, clinical symptomatology, and treatment modalities. Results: It was determined that the dental group with the highest incidence is the third molar with 68%, followed by canines with 12%, while the remaining 20% ​​is comprised of: second molar, second premolar, supernumerary and unspecified tooth. The prevalence in relation to gender refers to 68% in women and the most common age range of its diagnosis is the third decade of life in 40%. Regarding associated lesions, 40% correspond to dentigerous cyst, 16% to granuloma, 28% without associated lesion, 4% radicular cyst and the remaining 12% do not mention lesion. The treatment for a patient with ectopic dental inclusion varies depending on its presentation characteristics, but it is usually resolved through a surgical approach and periodic radiographic clinical controls. Conclusion: Ectopic dental inclusion has a prevalence of appearance in the third decade of life, usually when patients present symptoms and before routine radiographic examination, the most satisfactory treatment is the intraoral approach, finally the prognosis in these patients is satisfactory.

Use of appearance- and performance-enhancing drugs and substances is associated with eating disorder symptomatology among U.S. college students.

Body ideals for both men and women are continuing to emphasize muscularity and leanness, which has resulted in the high prevalence of appearance- and performance-enhancing drugs and substances (APEDS) use, particularly among young men. Overall, little research has investigated the individual associations between specific APEDS use and eating disorder symptomatology, including among the high-risk population of young adult college students, which was the aim of this study. Data from the 2020-2021 Healthy Minds Study (N = 7394) were analyzed. Five indicators of lifetime APEDS use were assessed, and a cumulative sum score was constructed. Eating disorder symptomatology was assessed via the SCOFF questionnaire. A total of 14 modified Poisson regression analyses were estimated to determine the association between APEDS use and a positive eating disorder screen among women and men. Lifetime use of protein supplements and diuretics or water pills were associated with a positive eating disorder screen among both women and men, while use of non-steroid synthetic muscle enhancers was associated with a positive eating disorder screen among men and creatine supplement use was associated with a positive eating disorder screen among women. The risk of a positive eating disorder screen was highest among men who reported use of five APEDS in their lifetime. Lifetime use of APEDS is associated with eating disorder symptomatology among a national sample of U.S. college and university students. Prevention and intervention efforts are needed to address the link between these potentially harmful behaviors. Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Associations of religiosity and spiritual well-being with appearance concerns after head and neck cancer surgery.

To investigate whether religiosity and spiritual well-being are associated with appearance concerns among people with visible sequelae due to cancer surgery in the head and neck region. A cross-sectional study was carried in 202 adult patients in a referral hospital for cancer treatment in Midwest Brazil. Data on sociodemographic, psychosocial and clinical aspects and cancer-related behaviours were collected through interviews, clinical examination and medical records. The outcome was the patients' appearance concerns (Derriford Appearance Scale-DAS24). The independent explanatory variables were religiosity (Duke University Religiousness Index-DUREL) and spiritual well-being (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale-FACIT-Sp12). Data were analysed using Pearson's chi-square and Poisson regression. Most of the participants were male (76.2%), and mean age was 58.6years (SD=11.6). The scores of appearance concerns (DAS24) ranged from 21 to 75 (median=33.0). In the bivariate analysis, appearance concerns were associated with spiritual well-being (FACIT-Sp12), degree of disfigurement and treatment with radiotherapy/chemotherapy. Religiosity (DUREL) was not associated with the outcome. In the adjusted regression model, a lower prevalence of appearance concerns was found among patients with higher levels of spiritual well-being (PR=0.86; CI=0.79-0.94), males (PR=0.87; CI=0.79-0.95), those with lower degrees of disfigurement (PR=0.89; CI=0.82-0.98) and those who had no treatment with radiotherapy/chemotherapy (PR=0.83; CI=0.72-0.94). High spiritual well-being was independently associated with lower levels of appearance concerns in people with visible sequelae due to cancer surgery in the head and neck region. Understanding the role of this psychosocial determinant may help in the coping process.

Appearance Concerns, Psychosocial Outcomes, and the Feasibility of Implementing an Online Intervention for Adolescents Receiving Outpatient Burn Care.

The current study assessed the prevalence of appearance concerns, psychosocial difficulty, and use of an appearance-focused social and psychological support resource (Young Person's Face IT; YPF) within a population of teens (12-17 year-olds) receiving outpatient burn care with the goal to assess the feasibility of routine use of the resource in outpatient burn care. The study sample included 78 patients ages 12 to 17 receiving outpatient care for burns at one hospital. Appearance concerns were measured via the Burn Outcomes Questionnaire Appearance Subscale, the Appearance Subscale of the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents, and a 2-part question which asked participants directly about appearance concerns related to the burn injury. A large majority (70.0%) of study participants reported appearance concerns on at least one appearance measure and girls reported more burn-related appearance concerns compared with boys. Psychosocial difficulty was measured via the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17) and measures of social functioning were collected and compared within the sample by burn size, burn location, sex, and appearance concerns. Internalizing symptoms were prevalent on the PSC-17 (18.6% risk) and decreased self-worth and increased social anxiety symptoms were significantly associated with having appearance concerns. Although interest in YPF was high (78.3%), actual use of the resource among those who signed up to pilot it (n = 46 participants) was low (19.4% use). Results indicate that there is a need for and interest in appearance-focused social anxiety resources for adolescents with burn injuries such as YPF, but more research is needed to understand its feasibility in clinical practice.

433 Appearance Concerns in Pediatric Survivors of Burn Injury and their Parents

Advances in the field of burn care have resulted in increased survival rates among children with burns to 96.8%. Despite much progress and innovation, complete resolution of scars or other “visible differences” is rarely obtainable after serious burn injuries. Among youth recovering from burn injuries, estimates of the proportion having visible differences ranges from 10–30%. Since little is known about the course of body image distress over time, the current study examined the prevalence of appearance concerns (AC) in 11–18 year old survivors of burn injury and their parents. The Multi-Center Benchmarking study enrolled patients recovering from burn injuries >20% total body surface area (TBSA) and/or burns to critical areas such as face, hands, or genitals. The study assessed function in 12 different physical and psychosocial domains using the Burn Outcomes Questionnaire (BOQ). Separate BOQs were created for the parents of children aged 5–18 years and for patients aged 11–18 years. Each BOQ subscale is standardized using a z score transformation with a mean of 50 and a SD of 10, and scores are recoded to an “at risk” vs “not at risk” classification based upon whether they are 1+ SD below 50. This study examined changes in risk scores over time for the AC subscale for both the parent and youth reports. BOQ forms were available for a total of 107 parents and youth at baseline (1st clinic visit after hospital discharge) and 12 months. In this subsample, the mean patient age at baseline was 14.1 years and the mean TBSA was 35.5%. At baseline, 22.3% of parents and 18.5% of patients in the sample had AC scores in the at-risk range and, at the 1-year follow up, 22.6% and 13.9% (respectively) were at risk. For parents, at the initial visit, AC ranked 5th in prevalence among the 12 BOQ subscales, but, at the 1-year follow-up, this area was ranked as the most problematic. For youth, AC rank increased from 9th to 3rd. There was a significant relationship between AC and TBSA at baseline for both parents and youth (p = 0.007 and p = 0.005). This relationship was still significant at 1 year for parents (p = 0.013), but not for youth (p = 0.708). There was no significant association between location of burn and AC as rated by parents and patients. Results from this study supported previous findings that appearance concerns are common among pediatric survivors of burn injury. This study added to the existing literature by demonstrating that AC appear to persist and become more salient over time for both patients and their parents. This study shows that, following hospital discharge, AC quickly emerge as one of the most problematic areas for both parents and patients, suggesting the need to prioritize future research on the best time to introduce targeted assessments and interventions for AC.

Natural infection with Fasciola hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758) in the European bison (Bison bonasus) in Białowieża National Park, Poland

Abstract The aim of our study was to determine prevalence of appearance of Fasciola hepatica L. among European bison Bison bonasus selected in Białowieża National Park, Poland from 2001 to 2006. The analyzed ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences of nuclear DNA of Fasciola hepatica have a length of 433bp and an AT content of 47.8 % and a length of 365 bp and an AT content of 51.2 % respectively. Among 178 bison liver fluke was found in liver of 63 (35.3 %) individuals including as follow: in 39 (21.9 %) adults, 11 (6.1 %) juveniles and 13 (7.3 %) calves. Results of researches are as follow: prevalence of infection of Fasciola hepatica among bison in Białowieża National Park between 2001–2006 oscillated about 35.3%. The most extensive invasion of fascioliasis was observed in adult animals (21.9 %). We pay attention that between infected animals were calves 13 (7.3 %). Conclusions: The obtained results referring to infection of bison within the Białowieża National Park, Poland of F. hepatica are very interesting. The epidemiological importance of these finding is evident, demonstrating the fascioliasis expansion in restricted or protected areas, as National Parks such as Białowieża National Park, habitat of this wild host, and where no domestic animals are present.

Unveiled

This study investigated the prevalence of appearance and weight-related concerns in 879 Australian brides-to-be recruited from five bridal websites. Close to 75 per cent of the sample intended to exercise more and follow a 'healthy eating plan', while over 35 per cent planned to cut fat or carbohydrates out of their diets. On average, participants wished to lose over 8 kg (18 lbs) by their wedding day, and one-third had been told to lose weight by someone else for the wedding. These findings demonstrate the salience of appearance concerns among brides-to-be and highlight the need to promote a healthier bridal body ideal.

An examination of pre-wedding body image concerns in brides and bridesmaids

This study examined the prevalence of appearance and weight-related concerns in brides ( N = 347) and bridesmaids ( N = 122). Participants completed a short questionnaire on their pre-wedding beauty preparation plans at two bridal expos held in Adelaide, South Australia. Over 50% of participants planned to lose weight before the wedding, 40% intended to go on a diet, and around 67% indicated that they planned to exercise more. More than 10% of participants had been told by others that they should lose weight for the wedding. Looking good on the wedding day was seen as extremely important for both brides and bridesmaids, with ‘for the wedding photos’ the most highly cited reason. These results illustrate the focus on appearance in general, and on weight in particular, surrounding contemporary weddings.

Auto-immunité induite par l’interféron à faible dose dans le mélanome stade I

The principal aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of antinuclear antibodies and antinucleosomes antibodies during a treatment by interferon alpha with low dose for 18 months among patients with a melanoma stage I. The secondary objective consisted to seek the existence or not of a correlation with the clinical relapse, to determine the prevalence of appearance of clinical signs of autoimmune diseases and dysthyroidie. It was an exploratory study. The patients included in the study had a melanoma stage I (French classification), whose excision was realized for 6 weeks maximum, with a Breslow index equal or higher than 1,5 mm. The statistical model of logistic regression was used. Eighty-forth patients were included (38 women and 46 men) old from 21 to 75 years. The prevalence of antinuclear antibodies was 39%. None of the following variables: age, sex, phototype, localisation of melanoma in exposed photo zone, index of Breslow or Clark, were significantly associated with the presence of antinuclear antibodies. As the percentage of patients with anti-nucleosomes was low (5%), no statistical study was carried out. The prevalence of clinical and/or biological dysthyroidie was 37%. 60% of the patients presented at a moment in the evolution antinuclear antibodies or a dysthyroidie. The prevalence of relapses and death different was not correlated significantly with antinuclear antibodies and/or a dysthyroidie. Many studies report the appearance of antinuclear antibodies, generally without clinical lesions during the treatment by interferon alpha for cancers (tumours carcinoids, hemopathies) and viral chronic hepatitis. Our study is, to our knowledge, the first evaluating the induction of an autoimmunity during the adjuvant treatment by interferon alpha of melanoma stage I. The induction of autoantibody during the treatment by interferon alpha could constitute a marker of effectiveness of the treatment with improvement of the survival of these patients. In our study, however auto immunity markers do not appear as factors of severity of evolution of the melanoma or predictive factors.

The greater palatine foramen in periapical radiographs imaged with the bisecting angle technique.

Foramina are anatomic openings in bone and are seen radiographically as radiolucent areas. The present study investigated the prevalence of appearance of the greater palatine foramen (GPF) in bisected periapical radiographs, its location in the horizontal and vertical planes, and the prevalence of superimposition of the GPF on apices of the maxillary molars. The results showed that the GPF appeared in 37.7% of the examined periapical radiographs, and in 25.9% of the detected GPF's, they were superimposed on the apices of the second and third maxillary molars. These findings emphasize the fact that the GPF is seen rather frequently in periapical radiographs. Constant awareness of the existence of these anatomic radiolucencies will prevent a mistake in interpretation, misdiagnosis and mistreatment.