Pretest-posttest Research Design Research Articles

Correctability of Students’ Anthropomorphic and Teleologic Language and Reasoning in Human Reproduction

The impetus in the formation of teleologic-anthropomorphic explanation emanates from the stimulation of the learners’ personal culture and language. This study ascertains the correctability of teleologic and anthropomorphic language and reasoning of students to abstract ideas and concepts in human reproduction. Employing 24 prospective Elementary Grade teachers under the Explicative-Reductive Method of One Group Pretest-Posttest Research design, this study focused on the determinants of students’ affordance of teleologic-anthropomorphic reasoning to select concepts in human reproduction. It was found out that the respondents had intermittently afforded teleologic-anthropomorphic languages across ages, sexes, and ethnicity before the treatment procedures. However, their affordances were diminished after the initiated classroom interventions. The change attributed to the independent variable is accounted at .673, which implies a great margin affecting the affordances of the respondents’ anthropomorphic and teleologic language and reasoning in human reproduction by 67.30%. Moreover, the age of the respondents is found to be interacting with their ethnic affiliation. Hence, students’ anthropomorphism and teleological language and reasoning are correctable.

Pengaruh Edukasi Terhadap Pengetahuan Siswa Tentang Pencegahan Penyebaran Virus Covid-19

Coronavirus (CoV) is the cause of respiratory system disease with mild to severe symptoms. The first COVID-19 was reported in Indonesia on March 2, 2020, with as many as two cases. The Indonesian Pediatrician Association West Sumatera recorded that until July 25, 2021, 8,429 children from the age of 0-18 years were attacked by Covid-19. Prevent the transmission by implementing health protocols (wearing masks, washing hands, keeping distance, staying away from crowds, and limiting mobility). Observations show that there are people who do not follow these regulations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education on students' knowledge about preventing the spread of the Covid-19 virus. The type of research used is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest research design. This study used a group that was given an educational intervention using PowerPoint, video, and demonstrations. Sampling technique with a total population of 36 respondents. Processing data using paired T-test. The average value after being given education (18.17) was higher than before (16.19) with p-value = 0.000. It can be concluded that education affects students' knowledge about preventing the spread of the Covid-19 virus at SDN 17 Gunung Pangilun Padang. The school is advised to implement health protocols in schools to prevent the spread of Covid-19 at SDN 17 Gunung Pangilun Padang.

Science Literacy in Elementary Schools: A Comparative Study of Flipped Learning and Hybrid Learning Models

The condition of science literacy in elementary schools continues to transform using various learning technology platforms by following the dynamics of the learning conditions they face. Although previously learning interactions took place normally in the classroom, today's learning also always requires learning interactions in a virtual-based space. This study uses a comparative experimental research design Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design with a sample of 84 students from three grades who were purposively placed in two experimental class groups. Data were collected in the form of a pretest and posttest. The data analysis technique used parametric analysis in the form of the comparative Tukey test. The two models tested were proven to be effective in improving students' science literacy. The results of the comparative analysis prove that the Flipped Learning Model is more positively effective in improving students' science literacy, compared to the application of the Hybrid Learning Model. This technology-based model relies on facilities and infrastructure as a platform to support science literacy in addition to the technological capabilities of teachers and students. This study reveals the implementation of an effective learning model to be used in learning emergencies, including in normal situations after the Covid-19 pandemic

Effectiveness of The Implementation Game-Based-Learning in Increasing Student Learning Outcomes

The government has now started to lower the Implementation of Community Activity Restrictions level during the Covid-19 pandemic, but it cannot be predicted that it will return to normal. This makes the world of education to be able to choose a learning model whose implementation is flexible both offline and online. Learning outcomes are an indication of the success of a learning process. In line with the previous explanation, the purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of implementing Game-Based-Learning (GBL) learning-assisted Kahoot! with digital media in improving student learning outcomes in the subject of Construction Cost Estimation. This research is a pre-experimental design in the form of a one-group pretest-posttest research design. The results of the study show that the application of GBL produces an average score that is more effective than before the treatment, where the value obtained has exceeded the category of determining the completeness of learning outcomes for productive subjects that have been determined. To see the picture that GBL can improve student learning outcomes, it can be seen from the results of the test that the increase in N-Gain has increased with a moderate category. Based on the research findings and discussion in terms of the process and improvement of student learning outcomes, the N-Gain Score of 65.00% is categorized as quite effective, so the application of GBL can be applied according to current conditions and can be more optimal.Keywords: Construction Cost Estimation, Game-Based-Learning (GBL), Kahoot!, Learning Outcomes

Effect of the Application of PhET-Assisted Ryleac Model on Students' Science Process Skills

This study aims to determine the effect of applying the PhET-assisted Ryleac model of science learning tools on students' science process skills. The research method is a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest research design. The location of this research is at Junior High School, SMP Negeri Tangagah, in class VIII, Bolaang Uki District, Bolaang Mongondow Selatan Regency, in the 2021/2022 Academic Year. The sample in this study were students of class VIII types A and B. The researcher first validated the Ryleac model of science learning tools assisted by PhET by expert validators and obtained the overall results that the learning tools were very valid. The results of this study indicate that applying the Ryleac model of science learning tools assisted by PhET in learning can improve students' science process skills because students' learning activities are excellent during the learning process. Observation of students' science process skills during the learning process showed excellent results. All students' average responses positively responded to PhET-assisted Ryleac learning with an excellent category. The test results for science process skills showed that PhET-assisted Ryleac model learning could improve students' science process skills

COMPARISON OF RELAXATION AND DISTRACTION TECHNIQUES IN REDUCING ANXIETY IN CIRCUMCISION PATIENTS

Background: Relaxation and distraction are nonpharmacologic techniques in the therapy of anxiety. In circumcision patients, the experience of anxiety is felt by the patients, either children or adolescent. Objective: The study aimed to compare between relaxation and distraction technique in reducing anxiety in circumcision patients. Methods: The study design was a pre-experimental two-group pretest-posttest research design. Total 36 respondents on this study that divided equal to two group (relaxation group and distraction group). The respondents have been assessed their anxiety level before and after the intervention (pre-test and post-test for each group). The instrument of anxiety was Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HARS). The statistics test used Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Results: The Wilcoxon Signed rank test results for relaxation group was in a Z statistic of -3.317 which results in an exact p value of .001; and the results for distraction group was in a Z statistic of -2.449 which results in an exact p value of .014. Conclusion: There was different result between relaxation and distraction group that showed relaxation group reducing anxiety in higher score of a Z statistic compared with distraction group. However, those technique were effectively in decreasing the anxiety level of circumcision patients.

Differences in the effect of health promotion media using booklets and audio visuals on the level of caries knowledge 6th grade student dental 09 Aie Pacah Elementary School

Dental and oral health problems generally occur due to low public knowledge about good oral and dental care. This study aimed to determine the effect of health promotion media using booklets and audiovisuals on the level of dental caries knowledge of 6th-grade students of SDN 09 Aie Pacah. This type of research is quantitative, using a quasi-experimental method with a two-group pretest-posttest research design. The research sample comprised 58 respondents who were divided into 2 groups, namely 29 respondents for each group, using the total sampling technique. Data analysis includes paired t-tests and independent t-tests. The results showed the difference in knowledge before and after dental caries health education in respondents with booklet media (p= 0,000) and audiovisual media (p= 0,000). There was no difference between the groups who had been given health education using booklets and audiovisual media on the dental caries knowledge of 6th graders at SDN 09 Aie Pacah (p= 0,863). In conclusion, booklets and audiovisual media increase knowledge about dental caries health in elementary school children. There is no difference in dental health education using the booklet and audiovisual media.

An Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of ‘Giloy Juice’ for reducing Blood Glucose Level among Diabetic Type-II adults in selected Community Area, Bhilai, C.G.

The study was conducted with the objective to assess the pre-test blood glucose level among Diabetic Type-II Adults in experimental and control group, to assess the effectiveness of Giloy juice among Diabetic Type-II Adults in experimental group, to assess the post-test blood glucose level among Diabetic Type-II Adults in experimental and control group, to find out the association between post-test blood glucose level among Diabetic Type-II adults with selected socio demographic variables. The study design was True experimental, one group pre test-post test research design. 60 samples of Diabetic type-II Adults who fulfill the inclusive criteria were selected based on Probability-simple random sampling technique, after getting informed consent from the study participant, Giloy juice was administered on Diabetic type-II Adults at ward-9 purani basti kohka nagar nigam Bhilai, (C.G.). The findings revealed that there was highly significant difference between pre-test and post-test blood glucose level of diabetic type-II adult after taking Giloy juice as calculated ‘t’ value 14.05(df.19) was greater than table value 2.09 at 0.05 level of significance in experimental group.

A Study to Assess The effectiveness of Almond Oil Massage on promotion of Breast Milk Secretion among LSCS Mothers in selected hospital Bhilai (C.G.)

This study was conducted with the objective to. assess the breast milk secretion before application of almond oil massage among LSCS mothers. to administer the almond oil on breast among LSCS mothers to assess the breast milk secretion after the administration of the almond oil massage among LSCS mothers to determine the effectiveness of almond oil massage on promotion of breast milk secretion among LSCS mothers. to find out the association between effectiveness of almond oil massage on promotion of breast milk secretion with selected socio demographic variables. The study design was an pre-experimental, one group pre-test post-test research design. 40 samples of LSCS mothes who fulfil the inclusive criteria were selected based on non-probability purposive sampling, after getting informed consent from the study participant, the almond oil massage was administered to LSCS mothers at Shri shankaracharya Medical College and Research centre, Bhilai C.G. The study findings revels that the pre-test score regarding breast milk secretion is 12(30%) sample were in inadequate, 24(60%) were moderate and 4(10%) adequate. In post-test score majority 33(82.5%) were in adequate, 7(17.5%) sample were in moderate and 0 (0%) were in inadequate. The ‘t’ value 13.35 (df.39) was greater than table value (2.02) at 0.05 level of significance.

An Experimental study to assess the effectiveness of Flax Seed Supplement for reducing PCOD symptoms among female of reproductive age group in Namkum, Ranchi, Jharkhand

This study was conducted with the objective to assess the effectiveness of flax seed in symptoms of PCOD among females of reproductive age group, to assess the pre and post assessment symptoms of PCOD among females of reproductive age group, to compare the pre and post assessment score of symptoms of PCOD among females in reproductive age group and to find out the association between the pre test symptoms of PCOD among female with their selected socio demographic variables. The study design was an pre-experimental, one group pre-test post-test research design. 60 samples of Female with PCOD who fulfil the inclusive criteria were selected based on non probability purposive sampling technique, after getting informed consent from the study participant, the flax seed was administered at rural area of Ranchi (Jharkhand) The study findings revealed that in pre test assessment score 63% female of reproductive score have severe symptoms and 31% have moderate symptoms. In post test assessment score 70% females shows mild symptoms and 30% have moderate symptoms. The Pre-test and Post-test PCOD symptom score was 616 and 1235 respectively out of 1800.Pre-test mean score was 20.58(68.61%) and SD is 4.93 and, in the post-test, mean score was 10.26(34.22%) and SD was 4.43. The t-value 22.10, which is significant at > 0.05, proves the effectiveness of flax seed supplement on PCOD symptoms

A Study to Assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module regarding awareness of suicide prevention helpline number among people of selected area of Mehsana city

Introduction: Suicide is an act of taking once own life voluntarily. The word suicide is derived from two Latin words Sui meaning self and “cedere” meaning to kill oneself. Hence suicide is an act of willfully ending one’s own life. Suicide is a type of deliberate self-harm (DSH) and is defined as a human act of self-intentioned and self – inflected cessation (death). Most often it ends with a fatal outcome. Removing suicide from the category of sin and crime, it was considered a psychiatric illness only from 19th century. Suicide was not discovered to be disease, it was declared to be one” (vilza veith, 1969).1 Due to lack of awareness and stigma attached with mental health issue, people do not come forward for treatment. GVK EMRI in partnership with Government of Gujarat launched suicide prevention helpline 104. Linkage to support group for reducing cause of depression.2 Design: A quantitative approach using quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Participants: 100 people were selected using Probability flip coin sampling technique in Mehsana city. Interventions: Self- instructional module was given to the people. Tool: Self-Structured Knowledge Questionnaire was used to assess the level of Knowledge among people. Results: With regard to pre test level of knowledge it shows that, maximum 57(57%) participants were having poor knowledge, 43(43%). During post-test maximum 62(62%) of participants were having good knowledge and remaining 38(38%) of participants were had average knowledge. In pre test, participants mean was 8.08, median with standard deviation 4.679. In post test, participants mean was 18.31 with standard deviation 4.388. The calculated ‘t’ value (15.959) was greater than the table value (1.98) at 0.05 level of significance. The Self- instructional module was effective in increasing the awareness of suicide prevention helpline number among people. Chi-square test is used to associate the level of awareness of pre-test with their selected demographic variable. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that self- instructional module helps in improving awareness regarding suicide prevention helpline number among people.

A Study to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on knowledge regarding Body Dysmorphic Disorder among adolescent girls in selected schools in Gandhinagar district

Introduction: most people worry about some feature of their face or body at some time and they use cosmetics for improve their physical look. But if this thinking covert into obsession than person suffer from body dysmorphic disorder. Person with body dysmorphic disorder may spend long period of thinking about physical details that are unnoticeable or not visible to other peoples. This concern can become an obsession. Body dysmorphic disorder is mental condition with person become very anxious about physical defect. They are imagining the defect or it’s so minor that other cannot see. These feeling consume the person’s thoughts, affecting their social activity and job.1 Design: A quantitative approach using Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Participants: 100 selected Adolescent girls of Gandhinagar district using Non-Probability Convenience sampling technique. Tool: Self- Structured Knowledge Questionnaire. Results: With regard to pre-test level of knowledge it shows that, maximum 66(66%) participants were having poor knowledge, 34(34%) participants were having average knowledge. During post-test maximum 54(54%) of participants were having good knowledge and remaining 46(46%) of participants were had average knowledge. In pre-test, participants mean was 6.02, with standard deviation 2.44. In post-test, participants mean was13.33, with standard deviation 3.13. Conclusion: There was an increase in knowledge score after structured teaching program. There is significant moderate co-relation between the Knowledge and Attitude of the adolescent girls regarding body dysmorphic disorder.

Praktikalitas dan Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran Powerpoint-Ispring Terintegrasi Multipel Representasi Kimia Dan Pertanyaan Prompting Materi Sifat Koligatif Larutan Kelas XII MIPA SMA/MA

The colligative of properties of solution is one of the mandatory materials in high school/MA level chemistry subjects in class XII. The concepts in the colligative properties of solutions are abstract, so it is often difficult for students to understand. To respond to the problems above, there has been the development of Microsoft PowerPoint-iSpring media that integrates prompting questions and three levels of chemical representation on the colligative properties of the solution, but the practicality and effectiveness tests have not been carried out. This study aims to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the integrated PowerPoint-iSpring learning media with multiple chemical representations and prompt questions on the colligative properties of solutions on the learning outcomes of students in class XII science high school/MA. In this study, practicality and effectiveness tests were conducted. The effectiveness test used a pre-experimental design research design with one group pretest post-test research design. The educated population consisted of students in class XI IPA and XII MIPA at SMAN 2 Koto XI Tarusan and the sample was selected using the purposive sampling technique. The sample class in this study was class XII MIPA 3. The instrument for the practicality test was in the form of a questionnaire, while for the effectiveness test the instrument was in the form of a multiple choice test. The results of the study obtained a practicality value of 78.25 from teachers and students with practical categories based on practicality data analysis from practitioners and the integrated PowerPoint-iSpring learning media with multiple chemical representations and prompting questions on the material colligative properties of effective solutions in improving student learning outcomes in class XII IPA at SMAN 2 Koto XI Tarusan with an N-Gain score of 0.77 in the high category and analysis a t-test obtained that the pretest average was significantly smaller than the posttest average.

E EFEKTIVITAS PIJAT BAYI TEKNIK KUNCI DAN SENAM BAYI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN NAFSU MAKAN BAYI USIA 6-12 BULAN DI KLINIK PRATAMA TANJUNG DELI TUA TAHUN 2022

The quality of baby's growth and development needs serious attention to get good nutrition. Provision of good nutrition depends on nutrition is also influenced by food consumption. Nutrition is an environmental factor that is so important to achieve optimal growth and development and is required for growth and for the normal functioning of organs and tissues of the body. Massage as an alternative to improve health by increasing body weight due to decreased appetite. Babies who do baby gymnastics talk faster, have better appetite, sleep more soundly, and in the process of developing their movements faster than babies who don't follow gymnastics. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of baby massage with key techniques and baby gymnastics to increase the appetite of babies aged 6-12 months at the Pratama clinic Tanjung Deli Tua in 2022.Methods: This research was conducted for 4 months. This type of research is Pre Experimental and uses a one group pretest-posttest research design. The population is infants aged 6-12 months who have decreased appetite, totaling 25 infants with a sample of 23 infants and using purposive sampling technique. Results: Data collection through questionnaires and observation. The results of data analysis with the Wilcoxon test result p-value = .003 which means that there is an effect of baby massage and baby exercise on increasing appetite.Conclusion: Baby massage combined with baby gymnastics can be applied to babies aged 6-12 months, resulting in an increase in appetite, as well as solutions to overcome these problems can improve the nutritional status of infants with weight. Keywords: Infant Massage, Baby Gymnastics, Baby Appetite

EFEKTIVITAS EKSPERIMEN PADA PEGAS MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI PHYPHOX SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN

E-practicum is a solution for schools as well as in basic practicums in anticipating learning from home due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. One good application to use is the use of the Phyphox application as a learning medium. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Phyphox application in the spring experiment as a learning medium. This research is pre-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest research design. The research subjects are students of the seventh semester of the Physics Department, Manado State University 2020/2021. Collecting data using tests with test instruments in the form of essays and science process skills using rubrics. The average pretest result was 29.50 which increased to an average posttest result of 93.26. The average results of the process skills assessment and affective assessment are in good criteria (66-79%) and very good criteria (80-100%). Obtaining N-Gain scores from each student, there were 19 students in the high N-Gain category with a percentage of 95% and 1 student in the medium N-Gain category with a percentage of 5%. The result of the average N-Gain percentage of 20 students is 89.9%. The results of this study indicate that the use of the Phyphox Application in the spring experiment is effective as a learning medium

EFEKTIVITAS PHYPHOX SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA EKSPERIMEN GERAK JATUH BEBAS

Since the Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in practicum activities not running optimally. To overcome these obstacles, the virtual laboratory using the Phyphox application can be used as a distance learning medium. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Phyphox application in the Free Fall Motion experiment as a learning medium. This research is pre-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest research design. The research subjects are students of the VIII semester of the Physics Department, Manado State University 2020/2021. Collecting data using tests with test instruments in the form of essays and science process skills and affective assessment using rubrics. The average pretest result increased to 42.67 to 86.67 on the average posttest result. The average results of the assessment of science process skills and affective assessment are in good criteria (66-79%) and very good criteria (80-100%). Obtaining N-Gain scores from each student, there were 11 students in the high N-Gain category with a percentage of 73% and as many as 4 students in the medium N-Gain category with a percentage of 27%. The result of the average percentage of N-Gain from 15 students is 76.4%. The results of this study indicate that the use of the Phyphox Application is effectively used in free fall motion experiments as a learning medium.

Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi terhadap Sikap Remaja tentang Seksual Pranikah

This study aims to determine the effect of reproductive health counseling on adolescent attitudes about premarital sex in high school students Cokroaminoto Tamalanrea Makassar. The research design was pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest research design. The results of this study indicate that the category of premarital sexual attitudes is Good as many as 34 respondents or 69.4%, the results of bivariate analysis obtained the value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.001 < = 0.05. In conclusion, there are differences in attitudes before and after being given reproductive health education.
 
 Keywords: Reproductive Health; Teenager; Premarital Sexual, Attitude

Development of Interactive E-Modules Based-Kvisoft Flipbook Maker Pro in Direct Learning on Redox Reaction Materials

This study aims to develop an Interactive E-Module Based on Kvisoft Flip Book Maker Pro, its implementation of the level of students' understanding of redox reaction material. The interactive e-module referred to in this case is an electronic module that can be viewed through mobile devices and computers offline. The population and samples in this study were all students of class X MAN 1 North Halmahera for the 2021/2022 academic year, which amounted to 44 people and were spread in 2 different classes. Sample selection using saturated sampling techniques. The method used in this research is research and development. The product to be developed is an interactive E-Module based on Kvisoft Flip Book Maker Pro, with other supporting learning tools in the form of a syllabus, learning implementation plan (RPP), and practicum guide. The development model used from Plom consists of 5 stages, namely: 1) preliminary investigation, (2) design, (3) realization / construction, (4) evalusai and revision, (5) implementation. Product effectiveness trials are limited trials in the form of experimental research using the Two-Group Pretest Posttest research design. Research instruments are in the form of E-module validation and practicality sheets, student response assessment questionnaires, and learning outcomes assessment instruments. Data analysis uses descriptive and inferential analysis, using SPSS applications.

The Rate of Postprandial Blood Glucose Decrease, After Mild Interval Physical Exercise

Physical exercise with a lower intensity is known to lower blood glucose levels. However, interval physical exercise (which is almost close to the situation in everyday society) is still rarely done. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the decrease in blood glucose in moderate intensity physical exercise at intervals of 2:3 minutes and 4:6 minutes postprandial. This research is cross-sectional experimental research with the pretest posttest research design. The research sample consisted of 20 high school students, which were divided into 10 people in the 2:3 interval training group and 10 people in the 4:6 interval training group. Samples were selected using purposive sampling. Samples were given exercise in the form of a treadmill in the active phase and leisurely walking in the resting phase. The data collected were blood glucose before exercise (pretest) and after exercise (posttest) in the 22nd minute and 42nd minute. The results of the ANOVA test for changes in blood glucose pre and posttest in the two treatment groups in the 22nd minute showed a value of p=0.001 (p <0.05), while in the 42nd minute p=0.176 (p>0.05). This means that there was a significant difference between the pre- and post-test blood glucose of the two treatment groups at 22 minutes, but there was no significant difference after exercise at 42 minutes.

The combination of segmentation and self-explanation to enhance video-based learning

This study examined the effects of an integrated approach that combines segmentation and self-explanation designs on learner achievement for meaningful video-based learning. This was a pretest-posttest research design with a sample size of 121 participants randomly assigned to one of four different types of video instructions (continuous, segmentation, self-explanation, or the combination of segmentation and self-explanation). Participants engaged in video instruction that used either a continuous video or segmented video clips and incorporated either self-explanation prompts or no self-explanation prompts. The results showed that participants in the combination and segmentation conditions outperformed those in the continuous condition in evaluation ability, and participants in the combination condition outperformed those in the continuous condition in the overall performance after controlling for prior knowledge. The current study indicates that the combined design can effectively facilitate student learning by engaging them in meaningful video-based learning.