Pressure Syringe Research Articles

加圧創皮下洗浄用具の新たな工夫—表層切開部位SSI予防効果の検討—

加圧創皮下洗浄用具の新たな工夫—表層切開部位SSI予防効果の検討—

Nursing experience of drug extravasation in eight cases caused by high-pressure syringe injection of iohexol

Objective To prevent complications by the care of patients with extravascular leakage of contrast medium after rapid intravenous injection.Methods Eight patients with drug extravasation caused by high-pressure syringe injection of iohexol were treated with hydropathic compress or cold compress using 30％ to 50％ magnesium sulfate.And causes of extravasation were analyzed to provide effective care.Results The care of patients with drug extravasation caused by high-pressure syringe injection of iohexol in time maximatily reduced side effects and prevented complications.Conclusions The active care of patients with drug extravasation caused by high-pressure syringe injection of iohexol can prevent tissue adhesion and even tissue necrosis. Key words: Iohexol; Intravenous injection; High pressure syringe; Extravasation; Care

Carbon storage fundamentals: Experimental and molecular dynamics investigation of interfacial tension between CO2 and brine under high temperature and elevated pressure conditions

Carbon storage and hydrcarbon exploitation requires knowledge of certain fundamental thermophysical properties. Interfacial tension (IFT) is a key factor in the understanding of fluid flow and thus reservoir dynamics. We have investigated the dependence of IFT of CO2 and brine on temperature, pressure and salinity (including both salt type and molality) over the range of conditions applicable to CO2 storage in saline aquifers. Measurements have been made of the IFT between CO2 and NaCl + KCl(aq), CaCl2(aq), MgCl2(aq) and Na2SO4(aq) with molalities from 0.49 to 5.0 mol·kg-1. The measurements were made at temperatures between 298 and 448 K at various pressures up to 50 MPa. The pendant drop method was implemented in a high pressure view cell filled with water-saturated CO2. The drop to be imaged was created by injecting brine from a high pressure syringe pump into a capillary sealed through the top of the cell. The expanded uncertainties of the experiment at 95% confidence are 0.05 K in temperature and 70 k...

Aerosol delivery systems of siRNA for the treatment of lung cancer

The project objective is to develop aerosol systems for delivery of siRNA to treat lung cancer. Specifically, we will (i) deliver siRNA to lung cancer cells in vivo, and (ii) evaluate the efficacy of siRNA delivery by observing lung cancer cells expressing green fluorescence proteins (GFP). The inhalation aerosol liposome was made with weakly positively charged (zeta potential 5–10 mv) and aerosol particle size (20 ~50 μm) using MicroSprayer(R)Aerolizer– ModelIA‐1C and FMJ‐250High Pressure Syringe. The mouse animal model bearing solid tumor in the lung was established by inoculation with B16F10‐GFP lung epithelial cells 3 weeks later. The aerosol delivery systems encapsulating Alexa555‐siRNA (negative control) and GFP‐siRNA are now evaluating for the encapsulating efficiency and stability. The delivery efficiency will be measured by decreasing the intensity of green fluorescence protein. This project is supported by New South Wales, Austria and Gangwon South Korea Technology Collaboration Grant.

Clinical and Histological Comparison of Pulp Anaesthesia and Local Diffusion after Periodontal Ligament Injection and Intrapapillary Infiltration Anaesthesia

Improvements in local anaesthetic techniques may minimize pain during dental treatment. Block techniques of the trigeminal branches (II and III) are considered to be the most used and trusted methods in dentistry . However, the incidence of inadequate anaesthesia and technical complications is reported to be between 15-30% of cases. Other possibilities to achieve local anaesthesia are infiltration, intra-pulpal injection, intraosseous , intraseptal and periodontal ligament injection (PDL). In the present time, PDL technique increases in popularity, especially because of specialized high pressure syringe systems and computer controlled local anaesthesia devices. PDL has shown to provide sufficient anaesthesia of the pulp. It is less unpleasant and painful than inferior alveolar and palatinal injections. Other advantages are well documented: single tooth anaesthesia, minimal anaesthetic agent dosage, rapid onset and safety in patients with bleeding problems as well as in medical compromised patients. Though, disadvantages like damage of periodontal tissue, damage of interdental septal crest, root resorption and severe bacteraemia are reported as well. Infection and/or inflammation may decrease the anaesthetic efficacy and PDL may induce systemic reactions manifested in cardiovascular parameters changes Intraseptalintraosseous anaesthesia (ISA) is described to be an alternative to PDL in order to overcome inconveniences associated with PDL, especially in compromised periodontal tissues. Still, probably because of the enosseous pathway, ISA has shown to cause cardiovascular changes similar to PDL. Intrapapillary infiltration anaesthesia (IPA) is an intermediate of PDL and ISA and consists of application of the local anaesthetic agent into the mesial and distal papillae without touching the periodontal ligament and without application in the bone. Therefore, cardiovascular side effects may be reduced. Such as for ISA, potential side effects like damage of periodontal tissue and bacteraemia are limited. For IPA, normal syringes as well as pressure delivery systems can be used [18]. In order to minimize all possible side effects in general practice, we tested the new IPA technique for pulp anaesthesia. To our knowledge, there are no published studies that compare PDL and IPA. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate pulp anaesthesia (clinical setting) as well as local diffusion of the anaesthetic agent (histological setting) in both methods.

Intracordal Injections With Allogenic Cartilage in a Canine Paralyzed Vocal Fold Model: Long-Term Results

To determine whether detergent treated allogenic cartilage can be used as a substitute for autologous cartilage in a canine paralyzed vocal fold model. Twelve canines underwent a right recurrent laryngeal nerve resection with injections of allogenic auricular cartilage (harvested 7 days prior, treated with detergent, and minced), with a hyaluronic acid hydrogel (0.2 mL) into the right thyroarytenoid muscle, and with a pressure syringe under direct laryngoscopy. Two animals were sacrificed and larynges removed at each time point: 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-months post injection. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry for expression of major histocompatibility complex-II (MHC-II) antigen was measured to assess histomorphology and gross volume and loss of antigenicity of the injected allogenic cartilage. Injected allogenic cartilage maintained its position and volume in the vocalis muscle throughout 24 months. Cartilage was characterized with empty lacunae indicating possible loss of viability. Fibrotic changes were noted in the surrounding cartilage. MCH-II antigen was not identified in the perichondrium and/or cartilage. Inflammatory reaction, granuloma, or foreign body reaction was not observed at any time point. These preliminary results suggest that allogenic auricular cartilage grafts treated with detergent are well tolerated and may be an effective material for volumetric augmentation in the paralyzed vocal fold.

Contrast-enhanced 16 multi-slice spiral CT scans for the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective To improve the diagnostic level for small hepatocellular carcinoma ( SHCC )by exploring the characteristic appearance of SHCC on constract-enhanced 16-slice spiral CT multi-phase ( arterial, portal venous phase, and delayed phase ) scans. Methods The data on 53 patients with SHCC were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients received 16-slice spiral CT multi-phase scans, with scanning time of 34-40s at arterial phase, 65-80s at portal venous phase, and 4-6min at delayed phase. The constract of 85-95ml was intravenously injected at a velocity of 2.5-3 ml/s with a high pressure syringe. The enhancement patterns of SHCC were observed at different phases. Results 75lesions were found. The detection rate was 70.0％ for plain scan, 97.1％ for arterial phase, 82.9％ for portal phase, and 87.1％ for delayed phase, with a sensitivity higher in arterial phase than in portal phase and delayed phase. Conclusions Contrast-enhanced 16-slice spiral CT scans can fully reflect the enhancing characteristics of blood supply in SHCC, improving the detection rate and the accuracy of diagnosis. Key words: Small hepatocellular carcinoma; 16-slice spiral CT; Multi-phase scan

Comparative Evaluation of Calcium Hydroxide and Zinc Oxide Eugenol as Root Canal Filling Materials for Primary Molars: A Clinical and Radiographic Study

ABSTRACTAimThe purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide eugenol as a root canal filling material in primary teeth using endodontic pressure syringe system.Materials and methodsA total of 40 primary mandibular molars were selected and divided into two groups-group I (calcium hydroxide was used as root canal filling material) and group II (zinc oxide eugenol used as canal filling material). Clinical review was undertaken at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months interval for evaluating pain, tenderness, mobility and any other sign of pathology. Radiographic examination was done at interval of 3, 6 and 9 months for the evaluation of any change in the radiolucency around the apices and inter-radicular space. Resorption of root and filling material was also assessed.ResultsReduction in the clinical symptoms were noted in both groups (p < 0.01). All the 20 cases in group I demonstrated a decrease in size of radiolucency. However in group II, an increase in radiolucency was observed in 2 teeth at 3 months radiographic examination. Further no decrease in the size of radiolucency was noticed at subsequent follow-up visits. Complete resorption of overfilled material was observed at the 3 months radiographic examination for group I whereas partial resorption of overfilled material was seen at 6 months radiographic examination for group II.ConclusionThe findings of the present study indicate that calcium hydroxide could be used exclusively or as an alternative to zinc oxide eugenol as a root canal filling material for the primary teeth.

Correlation between calcified liver metastases and histopathology of primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese

The study examined the association between calcified liver metastases and the histopathology of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese. The clinical, pathological and CT data were retrospectively analyzed in 210 patients (mean age: 54.2 years) with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Plain CT scanning and contrast-enhanced scanning were performed in all the patients. For the contrast-enhanced examination, iohexol was injected by using a high pressure syringe at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 mL/s. The arterial phase lasted approximately 25 s and the portal venous phase about 60 s. All patients had no history of chronic liver diseases and had never received interventional treatments. χ(2)-test was used to analyze the rate of calcification in the liver metastasis from colorectal cancer of different differentiation degrees. Among the 210 cases of liver metastases, 22 patients (10.5%) were found to have calcified liver metastases on CT scan. Two patients with calcified liver metastasis received lumpectomy and developed calcification in recurrent tumors. Another two patients had calcification in newly developed tumor masses. And the calcification in the newly developed masses was similar to that of their primary counterparts in terms of morphology and distribution. On the enhanced CT scan, the tumors exhibited no enhancement during hepatic arterial phase and showed slight rim enhancement during portal venous scan in the 22 cases. The calcification became obscure on contrast-enhanced scans. Histopathologically, the primary tumors were well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 6 cases, moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 10, poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 4 and mucinous adenocarcinoma in 2 among the 22 cases. No statistical correlation was noted between the incidence of calcified liver metastasis and the pathological subtypes and differentiation degrees of the primary colorectal carcinoma. It was concluded that calcified liver metastases may result from colorectal adenocarcinomata of different differentiation degrees or mucinous adenocarcinomata in Chinese population. There is no correlation between calcification of liver metastases and the pathological subtype of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese, which is different from the findings that calcified metastases were associated with colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma in other ethnic groups.

Aerosoltherapy in lung cancer

Introduction: Although airways route is an attractive alternative route to systemic administration, increasing concentration of the drug in the lungs while reducing whole-body toxicity, it is not often exploited in lung cancer treatment. After checking that cetuximab, an anti-cancer antibody binding to EGFR, resists the physical constraints of nebulization, we established an animal model of lung tumour sensitive to the antibody. Then, we used the animal model to evaluate cetuximab antitumor efficiency, biodistribution and pharmacokinetic following delivery through airways. Methods: Cetuximab was nebulized with the IA-1C MicroSprayer™ (PennCentury Inc., USA) connected to a FMJ-250 high pressure syringe, a device used to administrate, directly inside the trachea, aerosol in mice. The effect of nebulization on cetuximab was assessed in terms of its affinity for membrane EGFR (using flow cytometry), inhibition of cell growth and inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation. To ensure that airways delivery of cetuximab did not lead to additional toxicity, we compared tolerance to cetuximab delivered through systemic and pulmonary routes in mice without tumors. An animal model of lung cancer sensitive to cetuximab was established and consists in the instillation of human epidermoid carcinoma cells endotracheally in nude mice. The model was exploited to study cetuximab biodistribution and pharmacokinetic following delivery through systemic and pulmonary routes. Therapeutic efficiency of nebulized cetuximab was determined in tumor- bearing animals. Results: Firstly, our results showed that MicroSprayer™ did not alter cetuximab integrity, immunological and pharmacological properties. Secondly, airways administration of cetuximab in mice seemed to be well-tolerated and did not induced additional toxicity in lungs, kidney, colon, skin, liver or spleen. Finally, higher, more rapid and prolonged lung uptake was observed in animals receiving cetuximab through the pulmonary route. Antitumor efficiency of nebulized cetuximab is currently under investigation. Conclusion: These results highlight the potential of the pulmonary route for delivery of anticancer antibody in lung cancer.

5- BEST METHOD TO MINIMIZE POST APPENDECTOMY WOUND INFECTION

Despite numerous methods of wound care post appendectomy, no definite technique documented to be the best. Wound irrigation under pressure with syringe is regarded recently as an acceptable physical and biological way to prevent post appendectomy wound infection. This study compares the best of several method of wound infection prevention on 418 patients subjected to appendectomy and divided in different groups, including the use of systemic antibiotic, local antibiotic, povidone iodine, and saline pressure irrigation. We concluded that: syringe pressure irrigation to the wound significantly decrease post operative infection, and is best in comparison to other methods.

Intravertebral Pressure During Vertebroplasty and Balloon Kyphoplasty

Intravertebral pressure (IP) measurements were conducted on human cadaveric lumbar spines in a biomechanical study. To assess the pressure that is generated in the center of the vertebral body during the cement fill in vertebroplasty (VP) and balloon kyphoplasty (BKP). High IP during polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) injection have frequently been raised as a reason for the higher cement leakage rate during VP in contrast to BKP. The IP recorded in the periphery of the vertebral body is much lower than the injection syringe pressure. The pressure ratios in the central region of the vertebrae close to the injection cannula are not known. VP and BKP were performed in 8 lumbar cadaveric spines. A pressure sensor was placed in the center of the vertebral body. In the VP subgroup a total volume of 6 mL of polymethylmethacrylate cement was delivered in 1.5 mL increments. In the BKP subgroup balloon dilation up to a volume of 4 mL was made before cement injection of 6 mL (1.5 mL increments). Room temperature, cement mixing time, and constant volume flow during cement injection were recorded. During the administration of the first 1.5 mL of bone cement the average IP for VP was 18.5 versus 1.2 kPa for BKP. For the second filling an average pressure of 34.9 kPa (VP) and 3.4 kPa (BKP) was recorded. The average IP during the third injection was 53.0 kPa (VP) and 14.8 kPa (BKP). The pressure of the last 1.5 mL averaged in 56.6 kPa (VP) and 25.5 kPa (BKP). The IP measured during cement augmentation in cadaveric spines was lower in BKP than in VP. In the BKP group a relative increase of the IP was registered at the end state of cement delivery when the cavity was overfilled.

Low dissolved DMSP concentrations in seawater revealed by small‐volume gravity filtration and dialysis sampling

A variety of filtration and passive dialysis protocols were tested with seawater for determination of the dissolved concentrations of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPd), a compound originating in the cytosol of many marine phytoplankton. Commonly used sampling procedures, such as in‐line filtration, syringe pressure filtration, and gravity filtration of relatively large‐volume samples (5‐50 mL) through glass fiber filters, caused release of DMSPd from particulate material as evidenced by increasing DMSPd concentrations with volume filtered. Exposure of filters to air at the end of filtration caused particularly severe DMSPd release. Dialysis bags or Slide‐A‐Lyzer dialysis cassettes equilibrated with seawater DMSPd within 4 h, even in polar waters (−1.8 °C), and appeared to give accurate DMSPd concentrations in some circumstances. However, incubation of seawater in laboratory containers (e.g., glass jars) during dialysis sometimes caused artifactual release of DMSPd. We therefore adopted a small‐volume gravity drip filtration (SVDF) procedure, the essential elements of which were: (i) collection of 20 to 50 mL seawater directly from the primary sample container (e.g., Niskin bottle) into a dry, all‐plastic filtration tower; (ii) use of a 47‐mm‐diameter Whatman GF/F filter; (iii) rapid (< 3 min) filtration by gravity (hydrostatic) pressure; (iv) collection of only the first 3.5 mL filtrate for DMSPd analysis; and (v) never exposing the filtered plankton to air. The SVDF procedure appeared to yield the same low DMSPd concentrations as dialysis samplers incubated in the ocean water column. Using the SVDF procedure, DMSPd was found to be < 2.8 nM over a broad range of ocean water types and particulate DMSP concentrations. The maximum DMSPd concentration observed in our study (2.8 nM) was far lower than the reported worldwide average DMSPd concentration of 16.9 nM, raising the possibility that past data collections may have been influenced by filtration artifacts.

Histologic evaluation of intracordal autologous cartilage injection in the paralyzed canine vocal fold at two and three years

Intracordal injection for vocal fold augmentation is easy and simple and does not require a cervical skin incision. We reported previously on the 1-year results of injected autologous auricular cartilage for volumetric augmentation in paralyzed canine vocal cord. This study evaluates the long-term histomorphologic results of injected autologous auricular cartilage for the augmentation of the paralyzed canine vocal fold at 2 and 3 years. A prospective trial of autologous cartilage augmentation of vocal cord in animal model. Five dogs were operated on. A piece of auricular cartilage was harvested from the ear and minced into tiny chips with a scalpel. Fat was harvested from inguinal area and minced with a scalpel. The minced cartilage and fat-paste (0.2 ml) was injected using a pressure syringe into the paralyzed thyroarytenoid muscle using direct laryngoscopy. Three animals were sacrificed at 2 years, two at 3 years. Each subject underwent laryngectomy and serial coronal sections of paraffin blocks from the posterior vocal fold were made. There was no significant complications perioperatively or postoperatively. The injected cartilage that seemed to have lost viability existed in the vocalis muscles until 36 months. Fibrotic change was exhibited in the surrounding injected cartilage. There were no differences between 2 and 3 years in histomorphologic results of the injected cartilage. The autologous auricular cartilage graft is well tolerated and may be a very effective material for long-term volumetric augmentation in the paralyzed vocal cord. C-4.

High pressure syringe pump from KD Scientific

High pressure syringe pump from KD Scientific

Intracordal cartilage injection for vocal fold augmentation: Results for two years

Problem: Vocal fold augmentation using injectable material is an easy and simple operation. This study aimed to evaluate the histology of minced and injected autologous auricular cartilage and fat graft in the augmentation of unilateral vocal fold paralysis using a canine model for 2 years. Methods: Twelve dogs were operated on. At first, a piece of auricular cartilage was harvested from the ear and minced into tiny chips with a scalpel and scissors. A piece of fat tissue was also harvested from the inguinal area and minced into tiny chips with a scalpel and scissors. The minced cartilage/fat paste (0.2 mL) was injected using a pressure syringe into the paralyzed thyroarytenoid muscle under direct laryngoscopy. Two animals were euthanized at 3 days, 3 at 3 weeks, 2 at 3 months, 1 at 6 months, 1 at 12 months, and 3 at 24 months. Each dog underwent laryngectomy, and serial coronal sections of paraffin blocks from the posterior part of the vocal fold were made. Results: There was no significant complication perioperatively and during follow-up. There was acute inflammatory findings in the graft at 3 days and 3 weeks. Only a very small proportion of the injected cartilage was absorbed owing to the degenerative change and the overall volume was preserved even when the cells died out. The injected cartilage remained in the larynx until 24 months. Conclusion: The autologous cartilage implant using auricular cartilage was the ideal vocal cord augmentative material for the treatment of glottic incompetence. Significance: Autologous cartilage using the auricular cartilage is the ideal and new effective augmentative material in vocal cord palsy. Support: None reported.

Intracordal injection of autologous auricular cartilage in the paralyzed canine vocal fold

Objective Vocal fold augmentation by injectable material under direct visual control is an easy and simple operation. However, when autologous fat or bovine collagen is used, resorption creates a problem. And autologous fascia is debating about absorption now days. This study is to evaluate the histology of minced and injected autologous auricular cartilage and fat graft in the augmentation of unilateral vocal fold paralysis using a canine model. Method Nine dogs were operated. At first, a piece of auricular cartilage was harvested from ear and minced into tiny chips with a scalpel, and a piece of fat tissue was harvested from inguinal area and minced into tiny chips with a scalpel. Cutting off a section of the recurrent nerve paralyzed the right vocal fold. The minced cartilage and fat-paste (0.2 mL) was injected using a pressure syringe into the paralyzed thyroarytenoid muscle under direct laryngoscopy. Two animals were sacrificed at 3 days, three at 3 weeks, two at 3 months, one at 6 months, and one at 12 months. Each dog underwent laryngectomy and serial coronal sections of paraffin blocks from the posterior part of the vocal fold were made. Results There was no significant complication perioperatively and during follow-up. There was acute inflammatory findings in the graft at 3 days and 3 weeks. The injected cartilage remained in the larynx until 12 months. Conclusion The autologous auricular cartilage graft is well tolerated and may be very effective material for volumetric augmentation on paralyzed vocal cord.

Measurement of interfacial tension in PS/LDPE melts saturated with supercritical CO2

AbstractThe effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) on the interfacial tension between a polymer melt pair—polystyrene (PS) and low density polyethylene (LDPE)—was studied using the pendant drop method at temperatures varying from 200 to 240°C and CO2 pressures up to 18 MPa. The LDPE melt was prepared in a high pressure optical cell and the PS pendant drop was injected into the LDPE melt with a special high pressure syringe. For measurements with scCO2, the optical cell was first pressurized with scCO2 and measurements were taken after the saturation of scCO2 into both polymer melts. Excellent agreement was found with literature data for the same system without using scCO2. For the polymer pair saturated with scCO2, it was found that the interfacial tension decreases significantly with increasing CO2 pressure and appears to level off at higher CO2 pressures.

Synthesis and rapid expansion in supercritical carbon dioxide through porous sintered metal plate of poly(1,1,2,2‐tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate)

AbstractPoly(1,1,2,2‐tetrahydroperfluorodecyl acrylate) [poly(TA‐N)] was synthesized in dry benzene using AIBN as an initiator at 60°C. The effects of the monomer concentration (Cm), initiator concentration (Ci), and reaction time on the polymerization were investigated. The results of DSC and TGA showed that when the Ci remains constant, the higher the Cm value is, the better the thermal character for the product in the range of experiments. When the reaction was conducted for 30 h, polymerization is almost completed. The Ci should remain lower than 0.25 g/100 g monomer when the Cm is lower than 15 g/L. When the Cm is higher than 15 g/L, the Ci should be increased slightly. When the Cm remains constant, it was observed that an increase in the Ci increases the yield (mass of polymer after reaction/mass of monomer before reaction). On the other hand, the melting (Tm) and decomposition (Td) temperatures of the reaction product decrease, except when the Cm reaches 20 g/L and the reaction time is 30 h. High purity CO2 was continuously pumped using a high pressure syringe pump. Rapid expansion of poly(TA‐N) in supercritical CO2 happened under control through a porous sintered metal plate. The poly(TA‐N) morphology was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. An amorphous polymer was formed at a preexpansion temperature of 45°C. Fibers were formed at temperatures of around 60–80°C. An increase of the temperature slightly increases the particle size. At 105°C, most of the particles are spheres and dendrites. The corresponding CO2 flow rate upon expansion was 2.5–5.0 ± 0.3 L/min (STP) and the pressure drop was 2 MPa. At the higher CO2 flow rate, the spheres and dendrites became smaller. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2763–2768, 2003

Histology of injected autologous fascia in the paralyzed canine vocal fold.

To evaluate the histology of minced and injected autologous fascia graft in the augmentation of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Prospective study using a canine model. Nine dogs were operated. At first, a piece of fascia was harvested from fascia lata and minced into tiny chips with a scalpel. Cutting off a section of the recurrent nerve paralyzed the right vocal fold. The minced fascia-paste (0.1 mL) was injected using a pressure syringe into the paralyzed thyroarytenoid muscle under direct laryngoscopy. Two animals were killed at 3 days, one at 10 days, three at 6 months, and three at 12 months postinjection. Each dog underwent laryngectomy and serial coronal sections of paraffin blocks from the posterior part of the vocal folds were made. The dogs experienced no complications perioperatively or during follow-up. Under microscopy, muscle of the paralyzed vocal fold was atrophied in comparison to the contralateral control. There was an acute inflammatory reaction induced by the graft. This did not exist in the specimens taken at 6 and 12 months. No extensive edema, areas of necrosis, or formation of granulomas was seen at any time. Maturation of the graft was characterized by active collagen remodeling up to 12 months. At that time the graft consisted of firm, condensed fibrous tissue. Scar formation around the graft was moderate, and the subepithelial layer of the vocal fold remained undisturbed. Each graft consisted of singular foreign bodies from the polyamide mincing plate. We cannot exclude that their presence would have had an impact on the final architecture of the graft. In a canine vocal fold, the free fascia graft is well tolerated and after 12 months a well-organized, collagen rich tissue is seen on histological sections. The findings are in accordance with clinical studies applying free fascia grafts.