President Of Committee Research Articles

International Falk Foundation 164th Falk Symposium

The 164th Falk Symposium was organized in Budapest, Hungary for May 2–3, 2008. The symposium was entitled ‘Intestinal Disorders’ , which reflected the wide range of topics discussed in plenary sessions. The scientific poster session and the live endoscopic demonstration enriched the program of the symposium. Lectures and posters were presented at the Budapest Congress and World Trade Centre, while endoscopic examinations were performed in the Endoscopic Unit of the scientific organizer, the 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine. The international organizing committee (President: Zsolt Tulassay, Budapest, Hungary; Members: Petr Dite, Brno, Czech Republic; Guenter J Kreis, Graz, Austria; Jurgen Schö lmerich, Regensburg, Germany; and Hans-Joachim Schulz, Berlin, Germany) invited 43 experts from 16 different countries.

An Indonesian model of successful school leadership

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore principals' leadership in successful Indonesian secondary schools from the perspectives of multiple sources of data.Design/methodology/approachInspired by the ISSPP, three schools which met the set criteria of successful schools were selected to be the cases for this study. Within each, individual or group interviews were conducted with the principal, vice‐principal, three teachers, one support staff member, two groups of students, one group of parents, and the school committee president. The collected data were transcribed, coded and categorized following the emerging themes, and interpreted using inductive and deductive methods.FindingsWhilst confirming several common practices of successful school leadership from earlier research, the principals from the three successful schools in Yogyakarta also demonstrated significant differences, particularly in terms of beliefs and values that underpinned their leadership. These values include Islamic and cultural beliefs and values which were strong and enduring, and which were articulated in the school leadership and strategies. The principals demonstrated ability in developing the school vision, setting strategies, building capacity, and establishing a broader network to achieve the benefits of school improvement.Originality/valueThe paper provides an insight into school leadership practices in the Asian context, particularly in Indonesian Muslim schools, which have suffered from a lack of attention from international researchers. The paper will also contribute to a worldview of successful school leadership characteristics and practices, the research into which has been piloted in the International Successful School Principalship Project (ISSPP).

New R&D White Paper Addresses Challenges for Future Energy Supply

R&D white paper Over the next 30 years, the world's economies will need more energy to fuel their growth, and the oil and gas industry will have to increase investment substantially in research and development (R&D) in order to keep pace. This fact is the central theme of a new white paper from SPE's R&D Advisory Committee titled "The R&D Challenges to Secure Energy Supply for the Third Trillion Barrels and Beyond." The third trillion refers to a US Geological Survey estimate that there are more than 3 trillion bbl of recoverable conventional oil worldwide, with one-third already consumed and the remaining two-thirds largely in the possession of national oil companies (NOCs). As worldwide energy demand grows by more than 50% by 2030 [according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2006], the oil and gas industry will need to rely heavily on R&D advances, according to Vikram Rao, SPE, Chairman of the R&D Advisory Committee and Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer for Halliburton. "The 12-member R&D Advisory Committee has raised a number of initiatives since its inception in 2002, all designed to raise the profile of R&D in the energy industry," Rao said. "The committee's new white paper was written with one initiative in mind, to promote awareness of R&D challenges impacting the industry to an audience outside of the petroleum community." "The white paper is mainly concentrated on demographics of what the next 1 to 2 trillion bbl will look like," said Arnis Judzis, SPE, one of the paper's main committee coauthors and Vice President of Schlumberger Data and Consulting Services. "We wanted to relate the myriad challenges associated with producing the unconventional and alternative energy sources that will be needed." Rao agreed, adding that, "It was intended to be a manifesto, a way to shed light on the imperatives for the industry, and to begin a dialog on the areas of endeavor that are fruitful for R&D." Before the industry can bear the fruits of an increased energy offering, a significant increase in oil and gas R&D spending will be needed. According to 2007 estimates by the IEA, this investment will need to be on the order of USD 8.2 trillion over the next 25 years. Over the past 25 years, energy R&D investment as a percentage of total R&D declined from 10% to roughly 2% in the US alone. The IEA reports similar declines on a global scale over the same time period. Major R&D investments over the past 15 to 20 years have focused on technologies designed to find and produce more conventional hydrocarbons, including advances in 3D and 4D seismic, directional drilling, and production in frontier areas such as the deepwater Gulf of Mexico and Brazil. "These technologies will not meet our future needs, and we will need to collaborate on new technical innovations and diversify our energy supply going forward," said Rao.

Preface

Abstract For IUPAC, the global, scientific organization that cares about chemistry and the chemical sciences in all senses of the word, it is a duty, but also a pleasure to follow the development in chemical research with the aim of spotting pioneering work and new trends as early as possible. It is particularly rewarding to see how many young chemists contribute to shaping our science. For chemistry, it is therefore important to encourage our young colleagues in their work, and IUPAC does so through the IUPAC Prize for Young Chemists. This prestigious annual prize honors four to five chemists with a fresh Ph.D. for important and outstanding research carried out exceptionally well during their Ph.D. studies. The work is mainly judged on the basis of a 1000-word essay which is supported by recommendations from the senior scientist(s) with whom the candidate collaborated. As immediate Past President of IUPAC, I have had the pleasure of chairing an international prize selection committee of eminent chemists with a wide range of expertise in chemistry that adjudicated essays from 57 applicants from 24 countries. Due to the large number of excellent candidates, it was not an easy task to pick the winners, but at the end the committee arrived at a unanimous decision and awarded the 2007 IUPAC Prize for Young Chemists to the following five young chemists from five countries: Deanna D'Alessandro, University of Sydney, Australia, with a thesis entitled "Stereochemical effects on intervalence charge transfer" Euan R. Kay, University of Edinburgh, UK, with a thesis entitled "Mechanized molecules" Anna Aleksandra Michrowska, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, with a thesis entitled "Search for new Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts and their application in metathesis of alkenes" Taleb Mokari, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, with a thesis entitled "Developing a new composite of nanocrystals with semiconductor-insulator and semiconductor-metal interfaces" Feng Tao, Princeton University, NJ, USA, with a thesis entitled "Nanoscale surface chemistry of organic layers on solid surfaces formed through weak noncovalent interactions and strong chemical bonds" Each winner received a cash prize of USD 1000 and a free trip to the 41st IUPAC World Chemistry Congress, which was held in Turin, Italy, 5-11 August last year. The winners presented their work, which is an important stage of any research project, but to reach an even wider audience the prizewinners have been invited to submit manuscripts on aspects of their research for publication in Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC). Four of the five winners have realized the value of this offer, and it is a pleasure to see their refereed papers, containing critical reviews of high quality, appear in this issue of PAC. Finally, it is an honor and a satisfaction to congratulate each of the winners (and their supervisors) with the 2007 IUPAC Prize. It is IUPAC's hope that each of them has been encouraged to continue to do exciting research that will contribute to a bright future for the molecular-based sciences, which are so important for our common future. Leiv K. Sydnes IUPAC Immediate Past President and Chairman of the IUPAC Prize Selection Committee

Preface

For IUPAC, the global, scientific organization that cares about chemistry and the chemical sciences in all senses of the word, it is a duty, but also a pleasure to follow the development in chemical research closely with the aim of spotting pioneering work and new trends as early as possible. In doing so, it became abundantly clear that the young chemists were about to become more important for the future of our science than they were just a decade or so ago. For chemistry, it is therefore important to encourage our young colleagues in their work, and IUPAC does so through the IUPAC Prize for Young Chemists. This prestigious annual prize honors 4-5 chemists with a fresh Ph.D. for exceptional work during their Ph.D. studies. The work is mainly judged on the basis of a 1000-word essay which is supported by recommendations from the senior scientist(s) with whom the candidate collaborated.As immediate Past President of IUPAC, I had the pleasure of chairing an international prize selection committee of eminent chemists with a wide range of expertise in chemistry that adjudicated essays from 49 applicants from 19 countries. To pick the winners was not an easy task, because there were many outstanding candidates, but at the end the committee arrived at a unanimous decision and awarded the 2006 IUPAC Prize to the following young chemists:Michelle Nena Chrétien, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, with a thesis entitled "Photochemical, photophysical, and photobiological studies of zeolite guest–host complexes"Valentina Domenici, University of Pisa, Italy, with a thesis entitled "Structure, orientational order and dynamics of rod-like and banana-shaped liquid crystals by means of 2H NMR: New developments"Matt Law, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, with a thesis entitled "Oxide nanowires for sensing, photonics and photovoltaics"Emilio M. Pérez, University of Edinburgh, UK, with a thesis entitled "Hydrogen-bonded synthetic molecular machines"Dunwei Wang, Stanford University, CA, USA, with a thesis entitled "Synthesis and properties of germanium nanowires"Each of the winners will receive both a cash prize of USD 1000 and a free trip to the 41st IUPAC World Chemistry Congress, which will take place in Turin, Italy, 5-11 August 2007. Here the winners will have the opportunity to present their work, which is an important stage of any research project. But to reach an even wider audience, the prizewinners have been invited to submit manuscripts on aspects of their research for publication in Pure and Applied Chemistry. It is therefore a pleasure to see that four refereed papers, containing critical reviews of high quality, appear in this issue of PAC.It is a great pleasure to congratulate each of the winners (and their supervisors) with the 2006 IUPAC Prize. It is IUPAC's hope that each winner is encouraged to continue to do exciting research that will contribute to a bright future for the molecular-based sciences, which are so important for our common future.Leiv K. SydnesIUPAC Immediate Past President and Chairman of the IUPAC Prize Selection Committee

Revisiting South Africa and the Olympic Movement: The correspondence of Reginald S. Alexander and the International Olympic Committee, 1961–86

Reginald S. Alexander, an IOC member in Kenya since 1960, wrote hundreds of letters to three International Olympic Committee Presidents between the years 1961 and 1986. His correspondence with Avery Brundage, Lord Killanin and Juan Antonio Samaranch focused on the role of Africa in the Olympic Movement and later evolved into a campaign to re-examine the member status of South Africa in the Olympic Movement after its expulsion in 1970. Alexander and his written exchanges with the three presidents illustrate the primary theme discussed since the inception of the modern Games in 1896 – namely, the role of politics in sport.

America's first Olympics: the St. Louis games of 1904

America in 1904 was a nation bristling with energy and confidence. Inspired by Theodore Roosevelt, the nation's young, energetic, and athletic president, a sports mania rampaged across the country. Eager to celebrate its history, and to display its athletic potential, the United States hosted the world at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis. One part of the World's Fair was the nation's first Olympic games. Revived in Greece in 1896, the Olympic movement was also young and optimistic. In fact, the St. Louis Olympics were only the third in modern times. Although the games were originally awarded to Chicago, St. Louis wrestled them from her rival city against the wishes of International Olympic Committee President Pierre de Coubertin. Athletes came from eleven countries and four continents to compete in state-of-the-art facilities, which included a ten-thousand-seat stadium with gymnasium equipment donated by sporting goods magnate Albert Spalding. The 1904 St. Louis Olympics garnered only praise, and all agreed that the games were a success, improving both the profile of the Olympic movement and the prestige of the United States. But within a few years the games of 1904 had receded in memory. They suffered a worse fate with the publication of Coubertin's memoirs in 1931. His selective recollections, exaggerated claims, and false statements turned the forgotten Olympics into the failed Olympics. This fictitious account was furthered by the 1948 publication of An Approved History of the Olympic Games by Bill Henry, which was reviewed and endorsed by Coubertin. America's First Olympics, by George R. Matthews, corrects common misconceptions that began with Coubertin's memoirs and presents a fresh view of the 1904 games, which featured first-time African American Olympians, an eccentric and controversial marathon, and documentation by pioneering photojournalist Jessie Tarbox Beals. Matthews provides an excellent overview of the St. Louis Olympics over a six-month period, beginning with the intrigue surrounding the transfer of the games from Chicago. He also gives detailed descriptions of the major players in the Olympic movement, the events that were held in 1904, and the athletes who competed in them. This original account will be welcomed by history and sports enthusiasts who are interested in a new perspective on this misunderstood event.

An uneasy relationship: American Jewish leadership and Israel, 1948-1957

Set in the first decade of modern Israel's existence, this volume offers an insightful look at the changing relationship of American Jews and the reborn Jewish nation/state. It is the first in-depth analysis of the subject during this key period. As the Cold War rages, leaders in all camps are shown attempting to shape and control the tangled circumstances that engulf them - especially American Jewish Committee president Jacob Blaustein, Israeli founding father David Ben-Gurion, and American presidents Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Tapping into private correspondence, diaries, oral history interviews, scholarly literature and other archival materials, Zvi Ganin provides a richly detailed look at motivations, passions, and attitudes of Jewish and Israeli leaders on numerous issues - none more affecting than in the stormy debate over dual loyalty.

Race and the Politics of Identity in Nepal

While many anthropological studies on race have focused on dominant uses of race, race can be a powerful form of oppositional identity. Subaltern people may assert racial identities for political mobilization. This article investigates why a small political party that sought to mobilize Nepal's ethnic groups chose to redefine them as members of the Mongol race. By tracing the historical and contemporary meanings of race and other discourses of identity in Nepal, the article analyzes the meanings of this construction of race, and shows bow using race appeared to be an effective political strategy. (Race, strategic essentialism, identity politics, Nepal) ********** In east Nepal in 1997, activists of a small political party called the Mongol National Organization (MNO) held a rally on a windy village hilltop. Seated on the ground was an audience of about 50 children and adults from many of the ethnic groups who live in this part of Nepal: Rai, Limbu, Sunuwar, Magar, and Gurung. Among the first speakers of the day was the president of the MNO's district committee, a stout Rai man in his thirties. Broadcasting over a loudspeaker rigged to a car battery, he explained to the crowd what it meant for them to be Mongol: are a Mongol community, we are not a caste either; we are Mongol. For example, in this world there are three types of people. One is white with white skin like Americans, for example like sister here [referring to me].... The other has black skin and is called Negro. The other is called the red race like us: short like us; stocky like us; with small eyes and flat noses like us. Altogether you find these three types of people in the world. So from these three groups, we call one group Mongol. Mongol, meaning, we are this country's Mongols. People called Mongols are found in many places in the world. One [group of] Mongols is also found in China and other Mongols are found in Malaysia. There are Mongols in the world but we are not those foreign Mongols. are the Mongols of Nepal. are Nepal's Mongols and our fight is with the Hindu rulers By asserting that these peoples were Mongols, this MNO leader defined them as a race. He argued that they are members of one of the major biological groups of people in the world, and that Mongols in Nepal could be identified by a specific set of physical features that they shared with Mongols in other parts of Asia. The idea that this heterogeneous group of people belonged to a Mongol race was a recurring theme in MNO communications during my research in the mid-1990s. These frequent references to the racial identity of Mongols were necessary because it was an uncommon way for people to identify themselves in Nepal. Many of the people that the MNO sought to mobilize in east Nepal had never thought of themselves as Mongols prior to the arrival of the MNO. One young Magar man expressed what many other party supporters would say in conversation: We didn't know that we were Mongols until the MNO came here. Previously, the peoples that the MNO began to call Mongols had thought of themselves as belonging to a jati, a caste or ethnic group; in this framework, it was not biological differences but cultural practices, language, religion, and their social ranking below high-caste Hindus that were the key attributes of identity. By a process of racialization (see Barot and Bird 2001), this group of people came to be represented and categorized in racial terms as part of the mobilization of the MNO (Omi and Winant 1986; Winant 1994). This essay analyzes why the MNO asserted a racial identity for this diverse group of people, and the meanings of the MNO's invoking race in this political and historical context. In addition, it deepens anthropological understanding of uses of race by people who are subaltern; i.e., economically and politically subordinate within a society. It was not inevitable that the MNO would define the population it sought to mobilize as a race. …

WONDERGENES: GENETIC ENHANCEMENT AND THE FUTURE OF SOCIETY

In his speech awarding the 1927 Prize in Literature to Henri Bergson, Nobel Committee President Per Hallstrom, referring to Bergson's Creative Evolution, asked: “What is the essence of the irresist...

Reinventing the science museum: the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester

Constant adaptation and renewal are the hallmarks of Manchester's Museum of Science and Industry, as explained by its director, Patrick Greene. He is chairman of the European Museum Forum (organizers of the European Museum of the Year Awards) and president of the Museums Association. He was, until recently, president of ICOM's International Committee of Museums of Science and Technology (CIMUSET). His doctorate is in archaeology, based on research into medieval Norton Priory in Cheshire, the excavation of which he directed from 1971 to 1982.

Keynote Address by Mr Cornelio Sommaruga, President of the International Committee of the Red Cross

The world is weighed down by the victims of too many tragedies. Today, at this 26th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, it is in the name of those victims, the sole reason for our presence here, that I am addressing the representatives of the States party to the Geneva Conventions and those of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Our Movement is faced with the challenge of protecting and assisting these hapless individuals, whose numbers, alas, are growing day by day. Moreover, the situations in which we have to take action are ever more complex, whether they result from natural or technological disasters, which often occur in developing countries where there is no proper infrastructure, or from armed conflicts and other forms of violence affecting entire populations whose authorities are generally powerless to protect them. It is our solidarity with the victims of these situations that gives us our strength — and this solidarity is expressed through the separate but complementary activities conducted by the National Societies, their International Federation and the ICRC. The complementary nature of our respective tasks, which is the result of experience and is enshrined in our Statutes, is precisely what makes us effective.

Strengthening of the Coordination of Humanitarian Emergency Assistance of the United Nations Organization — Statement by Mr. Cornelio Sommaruga, President of the International Committee of the Red Cross at the United Nations General Assembly (New York, 20 November 1992)

The end of the cold war raised hopes for a more peaceful world. While in the new climate of international relations tension has indeed eased in several areas of conflict, violence has flared up in other parts of the world and is today claiming not thousands but millions of victims on every continent.

Naasr Attends Latin American Congress

Between June 8-13, 1992, the IV Latin American Congress of Religion and Ethnicity was held at the Escuela Nacional de Antropologia e Historia (ENAH-INAH) (National School of Anthropology and History) in Mexico City. The event was sponsored by the Latin American Network of Religion and Ethnicity—a member of the Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO)—and also by the Latin American Association for the Study of Religion (ALER). General coordination was under Professor Elio Masferrer Kan, President of the congress' Permanent Committee.

Renewal or Death

The following speech was given by President Fidel Castro, first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba, at the party's third congress on February 7, 1986.Delegates to the congress elected a new Central Committee which then re-elected Fidel Castro first secretary of the Central Committee and Raul Castro second secretary. The Central Committee also elected the new Political Bureau, Secretariat of the Central Committee, and president of the National Control and Review Committee.1In the initial portion of his remarks, not printed here, Castro introduced the newly elected leadership to the delegates and guests.The transcription, translation, and annotation are by New International.

ICRC President in Hungary

The President of the ICRC, Mr. Alexandre Hay, went on a brief visit to Budapest, from 6 to 8 March 1984, at the invitation of the President of the Executive Committee of the Hungarian Red Cross and Vice-Chairman of the Standing Commission of the International Red Cross, Mr. János Hantos. The ICRC President was accompanied by Mr. Jacques Moreillon, member of the ICRC Directorate and Director for General Affairs, and by Mr. Thierry Germond, regional delegate for Europe.

Mr. Eric Martin, Honorary Member of ICRC

Upon his retirement as President of the International Committee of the Red Cross at the end of June, a position in which he had served since July 1973, Mr. Eric Martin was elected an honorary member of the ICRC. The appointment was made by the ICRC at its meeting on 30 June. In granting him the honour, the Committee expressed its gratitude for the distinction and devotion he had displayed during his presidency, noting that he had carried out important missions in various countries and had worked unceasingly to increase respect, even in difficult situations, for the emblem of the red cross, a symbol of humanity.

Joint Meeting of Executive Committee and Past Presidents July 27, 1970—9:30 P.M.

Joint Meeting of Executive Committee and Past Presidents July 27, 1970—9:30 P.M.

Distinction

The Australian Red Cross has awarded Mr. Léopold Boissier, President of the International Committee of the Red Cross from 1955 until 1964, its Medal of Honour, with citation, the highest distinction granted by this Society, for his work at the head of the Committee at a time when this institution was faced with particularly difficult decisions.

International Committee President's Visit to Yugoslavia

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