Pre-service Education Programs Research Articles

생성형 인공지능 리터러시 활용 교육에 대한 인식 및 지원 방안 탐색: 예비중등교사를 중심으로

Objectives The study was conducted to explore the future directions for the implementation of a generative AI literacy education program for pre-service secondary teachers. Methods A survey was conducted among 94 pre-service secondary teachers from A University. The purpose of the survey was to assess their level of interest in understanding and utilizing generative artificial intelligence, their requirement for relevant education, and the assistance plans they might need. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 6 pre-service secondary teachers. Results 79.8% of pre-service secondary teachers reported having experience with AI programs, and 46.8% indicated that their knowledge of AI-related topics was at an introductory level. To support education in AI literacy, a practical space was provided where technologies related to AI could be used and AI literacy education should encompass both specialized majors and general liberal arts education. In-depth interviews revealed that the intention to enroll in AI literacy courses stemmed from the desire to enhance the capabilities of prospective secondary teachers, a personal interest in AI literacy, and curiosity about the courses themselves. Furthermore, the importance of adapting to societal changes and integrating AI-related subjects into the curriculum was emphasized. Conclusions It was suggested that the AI subject for pre-service secondary teachers should be taught as a practical-oriented regular course, focusing on enhancing the ability to critically analyze and embrace the information provided by artificial intelligence, rather than focusing on coding. It was also recommended to provide disciplinespecific education tailored to each subject area.

Multi-layered mentoring: exemplars from a U.S. STEM teacher education program

ABSTRACT This article presents a multi-layered approach to mentoring within an urban secondary teacher education program in the mid-southern United States. The featured case focuses on Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), although multi-layered mentoring could occur in other subject areas or in general preservice teacher education. The goal is to address the shortage of qualified teachers in the school districts in one of the largest, most diverse American metropolises. This narrative inquiry research captures preservice teachers' experiences of multi-layered mentoring in the form of exemplars. The evidence for the narrative exemplars is produced by the interpretive tools of broadening, burrowing and storying/restorying. Broadening captures the case’s research backdrop (i.e., history, events); burrowing digs deeply into individuals’ experiential narratives; and storying/restorying captures changes that happened over time and place. Three themes emerged from the case's four exemplars: 1) interactions in knowledge communities, 2) trying on of future selves, and 3) engaging in inquiry. The experience-rich exemplars, along with these common overarching themes, distinguish the multi-layered mentoring approach. In the spotlighted case, 88% of those who graduated from the secondary STEM preservice education program were retained over a 5-year period, which exceeds the retention rates of the participating urban school districts.

ESL/EFL Teachers’ Role in Moral and Political Education in China and Its Implications for Pre-Service Teacher Education

ESL/EFL teaching exhibits a strong compatibility with moral and political education, and its classroom is a natural place for instruction. Teachers assume pivotal roles as leaders, designers, and practitioners, wielding considerable influence over the quality of foreign language teaching through their capacity to impart moral values and cultivate ethical awareness. It is imperative to incorporate moral values into teacher education to equip teachers with the requisite skills to foster moral development in their students. However, the pre-service education in China has failed to address the issue, resulting in a lack of pertinent training. As a result, in-service teachers often encounter challenges when attempting to integrate moral and political education into their pedagogical practices, including a deficiency in relevant knowledge, inadequate skill sets, and inappropriate teaching methods. Consequently, a crucial necessity exists for comprehensive revisions to pre-service education programs, particularly to curriculum and course design, to meet the specific needs of ESL/EFL teachers.

Stoking the Fires of Pre-service Educators through Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Ways of Learning

Great emphasis has been placed on embedding Indigenous knowledges and perspectives in western-based education systems and pedagogical practices. This study discusses the results of a four-month program for pre-service teachers that targeted best-practice Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander pedagogy. The program challenged existing notions of western-based teaching and learning through innovative approaches to the design of learning. Specifically, the program has been underpinned by the 8 Ways Aboriginal Pedagogical Framework which focuses on interconnected learning experiences which have been developed through Aboriginal systems, protocols, values and processes. The program embedded authentic practices aimed at empowering pre-service teachers. The research design explored four dimensions of empowerment relating to embedding Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perspectives: knowledge, understanding, perceptions and attitudes. Quantitative survey data was gathered pre and post program and paired samples t-tests were conducted and found all four dimensions of empowerment improved significantly following the program (p < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of teaching, learning and assessing through the lens of the 8 Ways Aboriginal Pedagogical framework to increase teacher agency to become more culturally responsive educators.

Reading Self-Efficacy of EFL Students on Pre-Service Teaching Program and Practice in the EFL Classrooms

Students’ self-efficacy regarding their ability to learn is critical for their motivation to learn and achieve the intended goals. What they believe, they are capable of will influence how they learn. This study examines students’ self-efficacy in reading academic materials and their preferred academic materials based on two distinct sources, printed and digital. Descriptive qualitative is used to conduct this study. In collecting the data, the researchers utilized an online questionnaire and interview. The study interviewed and distributed questionnaires to 30 university students about their experiences reading academic materials. The study found that students exhibit favorable attitudes toward the three components of self-efficacy: mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, and physiological states. Additionally, the majority of students have a high level of self-efficacy when it comes to reading academic materials from both printed and digital sources. From the two sources, students prefer to read digital academic materials than printed ones. Therefore, lecturers are expected to let students choose the most appropriate sources of materials for academic reading. They should also instill a reading habit in their students, which can begin with reading materials that interest them.

Envisioning Pre-service English teacher education in Colombia as political action

This reflective article explores the need to revise the education of pre-service English teachers to place critical and political dimensions as central components in the education of future teachers. The author presents a brief critical overview of some key historical events in Colombia that have taken place mainly during the last sixty years. Two national educational proposals that aim to promote peaceful human relations and knowledge of the country’s historically violent past (Cátedra para la Paz and Estándares de Competencias Ciudadanas) are also described. Two complementary approaches to English teacher education are discussed as possible alternatives to enacting teacher education from a political and critical stance (Teacher Education for Social Justice and Critical Teacher Education). Finally, three trends in English teaching and research in Colombia are described as a way to illustrate some of the ways in which different scholars have enacted English teaching as part of a political and critical endeavor. The author concludes that in order to contribute to a more just, equitable, and peaceful country, pre-service English teacher programs must prepare prospective teachers committed to a process of social, cultural, and political transformation of the local realities of Colombia.

Whole-institution approach to social justice education for preservice teachers

PurposeThis study used the design process (analysis, development, and evaluation) to understand and refine the process, dimensions, and outcomes of a multi-year, whole-institution approach to social justice education for preservice teachers (PSTs) at one institution. The authors used shared governance to establish a cross-disciplinary faculty-student learning community and provided interdisciplinary social justice learning opportunities to PSTs across multiple years. These were delivered using high-impact practices such as community-engaged learning and ePortfolios.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used formative data to examine and refine this study's program design. The authors assessed engagement within and across the components of the whole-institution approach and the impact on, and change in, social justice learning and orientation for PSTs.FindingsFindings showed deepened engagement within and across the components of the whole-institution approach, however, committee representation, opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration, and coordinated field experiences are areas that can be strengthened. All PSTs demonstrated an understanding of the connections between annual social justice foci and teaching practices, and some documented growth in social justice awareness over time. The authors found more clarity is needed around archiving and keeping social justice event reflections in the ePortfolio each year.Originality/valueThis study adds to the existing literature by using the design process to refine the development of a whole-institution social justice education program for PSTs.

Correlation between Pro-Environmental Behavior and Environmental Values of Female Pre-Service Science Teachers in Indonesia

In contrast with the global trend of male domination in science and technology, Indonesia’s pre-service science teacher program is widely attracted to female students. This study aims to investigate the correlations between pre-service science teachers’ pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) and values toward the environment through one-time cross-sectional survey studies. Information was collected from a sample of the predetermined population at one point, followed by correlational studies designed to explore the correlations between the variables under study. The questionnaire consists of three aspects of PEB (preservation, utilization, and appreciation) and four aspects of value (biospheric, altruistic, egoistic, and hedonic). A total of 273 female pre-service science teachers enrolling in four public universities in Indonesia participated through an online questionnaire. The purposive sampling method was chosen to constitute the sample of this study. In order to analyze the data collected, descriptive statistics and correlation tests were utilized. According to the results, it can be concluded that pre-service science teachers held good environmental behaviors and values. The aspects of preservation and appreciation have a positive correlation, while utilization is negative. The four aspects of value are all at high levels, as is their correlation. This result indicates that female pre-service science teachers have positive behavior and value toward the environment. Moreover, the pre-service science teacher program should encourage understanding and behavior toward the environment to prepare future science lessons more aligned with the environment.

예비교사의 세계시민의식과 세계시민교육역량 연구

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing global citizenship and global citizenship education competency after identify the relationship between global citizenship education competency and global citizenship in 225 pre-service teachers of Gwangju City. The data were self-reported questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS 12.0 program. As a result of the study, The participants’ global citizenship education competency was a significant relationship in global citizenship. In addition, The significant factors were knowledge, skill, and attitude, which explained 19.6% of global citizenship education competency. Through this, it was found that the higher the level of global citizenship, the higher the level of global citizenship education competency. Therefore, the global citizenship education competency program for pre-service teachers should focus on improving global citizenship, including elements related to knowledge, skills, and attitude.

The attributes senior high school mathematics teachers and their students value in mathematics learning

Valuing in mathematics is one of the areas in mathematics education that has attracted the attention of mathematics education researchers in recent times. While efforts have been made to research the attributes students value in their mathematics learning, the same cannot be said about attributes teachers and their students value in mathematics learning, and value alignment in mathematics learning between teachers and students. This paper reports on a study that sought to explore what teachers and their students value and the alignment between attributes teachers and their students value in learners’ mathematics learning. A survey of what students and their teachers value in learners’ mathematics learning was conducted with 690 senior high school students and 66 teachers from nine schools, using adapted What I Find Important in my mathematics learning questionnaires. A multistage sampling procedure involving the use of stratified random sampling and purposive sampling procedures was used to select the research participants. The data obtained from the study were then analysed, using frequency counts, mean and standard deviation and principal component analysis. The results from the study revealed that the senior high school mathematics teachers valued Authority, Engagement, Strategy and Communication in students’ mathematics learning, while the students valued Authority, Relevance, Understanding, Engagement, Strategies, ICT and Achievement in their own mathematics learning; an indication of a gap in valuing among the two groups of research participants. Implications of the findings for mathematics teaching and learning as well as in-service and pre-service education programmes are provided.

Designing a complementary e-mentoring program for pre-service ELT teachers: online co-mentoring project

ABSTRACT In this qualitative study, we designed an online mentoring program to complement school-based mentoring to enrich the quality of existing mentoring experiences and explored the impact of this project on the professional development of 12 EFL pre-service teachers in an English-medium university in Turkey and six qualified English teachers. Pre-service teachers were assigned online co-mentors and asked to send them their lesson plans and teaching videos and several questions regarding their practicum, lesson plan preparation, delivery, assessment issues, as well as career-related concerns via e-mail to receive feedback. The data collected via semi-structured interviews before and after the project were analyzed through content analysis. The findings indicated a relatively high level of satisfaction among pre-service teachers regarding detailed feedback provision, the development of alternative viewpoints into teaching, enhanced teaching self-efficacy, reduced teaching anxiety, new insights into their career choices, and some challenges concerning the online nature of the study.

Conditions and constraints of implementing a mathematics lesson study-based PD program for Japanese pre-service teachers

In this study, we aim to explore the conditions and constraints of implementing a lesson study-based professional development (LSPD) program for Japanese pre-service primary teachers. Based on the anthropological theory of the didactic–a well-established theoretical framework in mathematics education research–it offers three dimensions (institutional, educational, and personal) to frame and analyze the various conditions to implement the LSPD program and the constraints that impede them. We used a case study of an LSPD program for Japanese pre-service primary teachers, which offered pre-service teachers an opportunity to engage in mathematics lesson planning and participate in a lesson study conference. The results illustrated the conditions of the institutional context in which the LSPD program appeared, and the constraints in the difficulty of making the lesson study and PD coexist. We also found that the personal constraints on pre-service teachers’ lesson preparation work were affected by the conditions and constraints in other dimensions (institutional or educational). Thus, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the constraints that may shape or hinder teachers’ practice and knowledge in the LSPD program at diverse but interrelated levels.

Clinical Supervision as One of The Elements of Developing Educational Resources

Education is an effort designed to achieve the goals that have been set to improve the quality of human resources. One of these efforts is to go through a learning process. In an effort to improve the quality of educational resources, teachers are a component of human resources that must be fostered and developed continuously. The establishment of the teacher profession is carried out through pre-service education programs and in-service programs. Not all teachers who educate in educational institutions are well trained and qualified. The potential of teacher resources needs to continue to grow and develop in order to perform their functions potentially. In addition, the influence of fast-paced changes encourages teachers to continuously learn to adjust to the development of science and technology and community mobility. Supervision is training given to all school staff so that they are able to improve their ability to develop a better teaching and learning situation. The purpose of educational supervision is to develop a situation of seeking better teaching knowledge through training and improving teaching. One of the factors that affect the quality of education of a school is student learning achievement, where the learning achievement is influenced by the performance and quality of the teacher. Therefore, the principal and supervisor as supervisors must be able to improve, maintain the performance and quality of teacher professionalism. One of the efforts that can be done is to supervise the teacher's performance continuously.

Managing Online Classes in The Covid-19: Pre-Service Language Teachers’ Perceptions

The shifting of offline to online classroom during Covid-19 Outbreak arose classroom management issues, especially in rural areas. From that point, this study aims to investigate pre-service language teachers’ perceptions on managing online classrooms. Those respondents were five third graders in a university in Garut, West Java who were conducting pre-service teaching programs. To achieve the goal of this study, qualitative research in the form of a case study design was employed. The data were collected using semi-structured interview. The data were then analyzed using Creswell ‘s inductive analysis framework (2012) framed by the theory of classroom management from (Simonsen at al, 2014). As the result, teachers viewed that having a good classroom management is a must. Yet, they still needed to upgrade their self-concept as the teachers, as well as knowledge and skills in managing online classes; paying attention on the classroom conduciveness, translating the lesson plan into online teaching practice, as well as considering the quantity and quality of the task. The practical implication of this study is that relevant trainings may be addressed to pre-service teachers before they came to schools. Specifically, those trainings should cover the self-concept of pre-service teachers regarding their pedagogical competences, technological literacy, as well as the belief as the prospective teachers at the very first place.

Attitude of Prospective Teachers towards the Curriculum and Teaching Learning Process of Pre- Service Education Programs in Islamabad

This paper examined the attitude of prospective teachers’ attitude towards the curriculum and teaching learning process of pre-service education programs in Islamabad. All the B.Ed and M.Ed students from both public and private universities were conveniently taken as sample. Total 300 students were taken as sample. A self-designed survey was elected in this study.

Development and Application of an Instruction-Based Contemporary Art Education Program for Preservice Teachers: An Action Research Study

Development and Application of an Instruction-Based Contemporary Art Education Program for Preservice Teachers: An Action Research Study

A study on pre-service teachers’ perceptions on English teaching practice

본 연구에서는 교육실습 기간 중 초등영어 수업실습에 대한 예비교사들의 인식에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 2022년 10월에 총 4 주간의 수업실습에 참여한 3학년 예비교사들 중, 3~6학년에 배정된 총 53명의 예비교사들(영어과 25명, 국어과 11명, 사회과 17명)이 설문조사에 참여하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 예비교사들은 3학년 수업실습 기간 중 평균 1.6회의 영어수업을 하였다. 하지만 예비교사들이 1~2학년에 배정이 되면 영어수업을 할 기회를 한 번도 갖지 못하고 졸업을 할 수도 있다. 둘째, 예비교사들의 78%가 본인의 영어수업에 만족한 것으로 보인다. 셋째, 예비교사의 75%는 실습기간 중 영어수업에서 수업의 60%이상을 영어로 진행하였으며 80%이상의 영어를 사용하여 수업을 진행한 학생들도 이 중 47%나 되었다. 본 연구에서 예비교사들의 영어수업에서 영어사용의 정도는 학과별 차이보다 실습학교 별로 차이를 보였다. 대전지역 실습학교의 경우, 대부분의 예비교사들이 60%이상의 영어를 사용하여 영어수업을 하였으나 충남지역에서 수업실습을 한 예비교사 중 영어수업에서 60%이하의 영어를 사용하였다고 답한 경우가 다수 발견되었다. 넷째, 예비교사들의 91%가 영어수업 참관의 기회를 가질 수 있었다. 하지만 1~2학년에 배정된 예비교사들과 3~6학년에 배정된 학생 중에서도 일부(9%)의 학생들은 영어수업 참관의 기회를 갖지 못하였다. 다섯 째, 89%의 실습생들은 실습기간 중 지도교사로부터 받은 도움이 매우 적절하거나 적절하였다고 응답하였다. 하지만 11%의 실습생은 지도교사의 도움이 적절하지 않았다고 응답하였다. 여섯째, 설문에 응답한 예비교사의 87%가 교육대학의 수업이 도움이 되었다는 긍정적인 답변을 하였고, 13%의 학생만이 교육대학의 수업이 도움이 되지 않았다고 응답을 하였다. 응답한 예비교사의 87%가 졸업 후 영어수업을 할 자신이 있다는 응답을 하였고, 나머지 13%의 예비교사들은 그렇지 않다는 응답을 하였다. 설문 결과를 바탕으로 현장 지도교사의 교생지도 전문성 제고와 교생지도 표준화의 필요성, 모든 예비교사들이 교육대학 교육실습 기간 중 적어도 1회의 영어수업 참관 및 시연 기회를 가질 수 있도록 실습학교 배정 시 고려를 해야 할 것 등의 개선점을 제안하였다.This study aims to investigate pre-service teachers' perceptions on primary English teaching practice. For this study, a survey questionnaire was administered to 53 pre-service teachers who had teaching practice for four weeks in 2022. The results of the study are as follows. First, pre-service teachers had an average of 1.6 English teaching opportunities. However, if pre-service teachers were assigned to 1st or 2nd grade, they may graduate without ever having an opportunity to teach English during teaching practicum. Second, 78% of pre-service teachers seem to be satisfied with their English teaching. Third, 75% of the pre-service teachers taught more than 60% of the English classes in English, and 47% of the students used English for more than 80% of the classes. In this study, the degree of English use in pre-service teachers' English classes showed differences by schools rather than by their majors. In the case of elementary schools in Daejeon, most pre-service teachers used more than 60% of English to teach English. Fourth, 91% of pre-service teachers had the opportunity to observe English classes. However, the pre-service teachers assigned to the 1st and 2nd grades did not have the opportunity to observe English classes. Fifth, 89% of pre-service teachers responded that the feedback they received from the guidance teacher during the practicum was helpful. Sixth, 87% of the pre-service teachers answered positively that the English education-related courses of the pre-service teacher program were helpful, and only 13% of the students answered otherwise. 87% of pre-service teachers responded that they were confident in teaching English after graduation. The remaining 13% of pre-service teachers responded that they were not. Based on the results of the study, some suggestions were made for better pre-service English teaching practice.

Self-perceived competency of midwives in Kenya: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Midwifery competence is demonstrated in the context of midwifery education, regulation and practice to support the quality delivery of care to women. Midwives with appropriate competencies can deliver up to 80% of maternal health services. The pre-service education programmes in Kenya offers different midwifery competencies for the various programmes, influencing expected outcomes in practice. This study aimed to assess midwives' perceived level of competence based on the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) standards in Kenya. The study was conducted in selected public health facilities in Kenya. An observational cross-sectional design was used. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the counties and health facilities and random sampling to determine 576 midwives. Data were collected using a self-administered assessment tool adopted from the ICM competency domains. A total of 495 (85.9%) midwife respondents participated in this study, of which 389 (78.6%) respondents in all training categories were highly competent in the four ICM domains. The midwives' qualifications and facility level were associated with their self-perceived competence during practice. Those trained in the direct-entry midwifery programme were more competent, p = 0.016 (Kruskal wallis H = 8.432). Midwives' competence was influenced by the level of education and facility where they practice. All pre-service midwifery programme graduates must meet the essential ICM competencies and need to enhance continuous professional development (CPD) programmes and facility-based mentorship for the midwives.Contribution: To optimise midwifery-led practice in primary health care, midwifery competence should be enhanced in pre-service and in-service education for improved health outcomes.

THE EFFECT OF DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS ON IMPROVING TEACHER CREATIVITY

The current education requires a new teaching approach based on digital literacy because today’s students experience different needs based on the technological era. To face this reality, teachers must be creative because technology is changing so fast and students’ digital literacy are more advanced than their educators. A good way how to develop teachers’ creativity is by introducing a digital literacy education program for preservice and in-service teachers from different levels. This research paper is conducted by theoretical research method. Data are collected by a theoretical review technique. Also, this research design is based on a descriptive approach. The study is focused on teachers’ creativity development by increasing digital literacy. Papers related to the topic under study were searched on educational journals. The main goal of this paper is to find out how digital literacy skills influence educators’ creativity development. Findings show that the use of technology develops various skills such as problem-solving, productivity, collaborative imagination, curiosity, and other factors that increase creativity. Current researchers also find that technology enhances teachers’, motivation, cooperation, and creation. Overall, children of this age are involved with technology every day, and for them is almost natural to deal with this reality, for this reason, this paper suggests that digital literacy skills must be inculcated in teachers from all levels by different methods to face the reality.

Exploring the role of Black feminist thought in pre-service early childhood education: On the possibilities of embedded transformative change

As a Black feminist scholar who teaches in an early childhood studies program, the author has witnessed how dominant theories and methods used for pre-service early childhood education and care disconnect students from their lived experiences. The detachment of social location in theoretical text, and particularly in developmental discourse, is not isolated to the field; it is instead a result of the fragmentation of knowledge, which is central in the modern colonial project. The author explores what the possibilities are for Black feminist scholarship in pre-service early childhood education and care while unpacking the many racial and intersecting injustices in the field. The dominant research and pedagogy practices in early childhood education and care have limitations, with omissions of the nuances of the critical engagement of students, families and community more broadly through lived experience. When assumptions of detached and ‘objective’ knowledge are centred, then ideas that challenge norms and the status quo are omitted or peripheralized, when they are included. The article explores the possibilities of what the author calls ‘embedded transformative change’ – a change that is central to pedagogy and research in the field of early childhood education and care as opposed to being placed at the margins. Through embedded transformative change, members of pre-service early childhood education and care programs can think of themselves as active agents in change and liberation.