In this article, we will explore the complex interaction between wild animals and rural sanitation, highlighting the different aspects of this relationship and analyzing its implications. Rural sanitation is a crucial area to ensure the health and well-being of communities living outside urban centers. Encompassing a variety of activities and infrastructure, rural sanitation aims to provide safe access to drinking water, adequate sewage treatment and effective solid waste management. The relationship between rural sanitation and wild animals is close and their interactions can have significant consequences for both public health and the preservation of fauna. While rural sanitation seeks to ensure safe access to drinking water, effective sewage treatment and adequate solid waste management, the presence of wild animals can introduce additional challenges to these initiatives. The influence of wild animals in the context of rural sanitation is a crucial factor to be addressed to promote public health and environmental sustainability in rural communities. Although these animals perform essential functions in natural ecosystems, their presence can pose significant challenges to sanitation practices, such as contamination of drinking water sources, inadequate management of solid waste and complexity in sewage treatment.