Presence Of Thermal Radiation Research Articles

Perturbation methodology for electromagnetic radiative fluxing of chemical reactive Casson fluid flow under heat source (sink) effectiveness

In this paper, magnetohydrodynamics of a Casson fluid flow is inspected with the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction. Employing the perturbation procedure, the modeling equations are tenacious; the graphs are acquired to illustrate the results. The Casson fluid velocity increases as the perturbation parameter increases. Grashof values for heat and mass transport enhanced Casson fluid velocity. Increasing Casson, magnetic, heat source, and radiation parameters reduce the flow velocity. Prandtl number, heat source, and radiation parameter all reduced the temperature profiles. Chemical reaction parameters lowered the concentration profiles. The skin friction enhances with Casson parameter impact. However, the skin-friction coefficient, Sherwood and Nusselt numbers reduce with an increment in the perturbation parameter. In certain cases, this study’s answers agreed well with the previous literature. Casson liquid with a magnetic region using mixed convection by an exponential vertical boundary layer is the novelty of the work.

Impact of magnetohydrodynamics in bidirectional slip flow of Maxwell fluid subject to stretching, radiation, and variable properties

The viscosity of fluids varies according to changes in pressure, temperature, and shear rate. As a consequence, it is essential to look at specific qualities in the paper industry, plastics extrusion in Rayon and Nylon production, the textile sector, and other industries. In such a way, the model is more precisely anticipated when the flow configuration comprises the viscosity and thermal conductivity of the fluid as a function of temperature. Owing to the importance of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity, this article highlights the importance of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Maxwell fluid over a bidirectional stretched surface. Fluid is electrically conducting in the presence of an applied magnetic field. Heat transfer analysis is carried out in the presence of thermal radiation and heat generation/absorption. A system of ordinary differential equations is obtained by appropriate transformations. Numerical solutions are computed for the resulting nonlinear differential system by applying the shooting method with the RK-5 scheme. The impact of different parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles is examined. Computations for surface drag force, heat, and mass transfer rates are presented and examined for the influences of pertinent parameters. It is observed that fluid velocity reduces for larger Maxwell fluid parameter. Increasing values of thermal radiation parameter correspond to the enhancement in temperature. Mass transfer rate enhances for larger Schmidt number while heat transfer rate is increasing function of Prandtl number.

Analytical Solution of Unsteady MHD Casson Fluid with Thermal Radiation and Chemical Reaction in Porous Medium

One of non-Newtonian fluid, Casson fluid, has a diversify application in the manufacturing and engineering sector due to its elasticity behaviour. This study provides the analytical solution of unsteady Casson fluid with the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction in a porous medium. Formulation of this fluid model is initiated with the partial differential equation (PDE) of the momentum and energy equations as well as the concentration equation. By applying the proper non-dimensional variables, these equations are then converted into dimensionless form. Subsequently, the derivation of the exact solutions for the concentration, temperature and velocity profiles is conducted with the operation of the Laplace transform method that satisfies both initial and boundary equations. Graphical illustrations, which portray the various effects on this study are generated. It has been revealed that as the thermal radiation, chemical species and porosity increases, so does the velocity profile. However, MHD and Casson parameter shown opposite behaviour in the velocity profiles.

UNSTEADY MHD SLIP FLOW OF RADIATING NANOFLUID THROUGH A POROUS MEDIA DUE TO A SHRINKING SHEET WITH CHEMICAL REACTION AND SORET EFFECT

Numerical investigations are performed to analyze heat and mass transfer in MHD (magnetohydro-dynamic) nanofluid flow over a shrinking sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction with Soret effect. The transport equations involve the effect of Brownian motion, Thermophoresis, viscous dissipation, suction/injection, partial slip velocity and thermal slip. Using self suitable transformations, the governing equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations, further these equations are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta fourth order method with shooting technique. This study reveals that the governing parameters, namely, magnetic field parameter, thermal radiation parameter, chemical reaction parameter, velocity slip parameter etc., have major effects on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number. The study admits that concentration rises with an increase in the Soret number. Numerical results are discussed with the assistance of graphs. The present problem has multiple applications in polymer, chemical and metallurgical industries such as formation of metallic and glass sheets.

NATURAL CONVECTION IN A DIAMOND-SHAPED RECEIVING CAVITY HEATED FROM THE BOTTOM CORNER AND FILLED WITH Fe3O4-H2O NANOFLUID IN THE PRESENCE OF THERMAL RADIATION

Heat transfer of nanofluid Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O generated by natural convection and thermal radiation in a diamond-shaped receiving cavity has been investigated numerically. The lower and upper corners of the rhombic receiver are kept isothermal in such a way to provide heating from the lower corner parts and maintain adiabatic the remaining nonactive portions of the walls. The lattice Bolkmann method has been used to simulate fluid flows and highlight the combined effects of the control parameters that are the Rayleigh number (Ra = 10<sup>3</sup> to 2 × 10<sup>6</sup>), the radiation parameter (Rd = 0 to 3), and the nanoparticles' volume fraction (φ = 0 to 4%). The obtained flow structures are either monocellular (MF) or bicellular (BF), depending on the initial conditions and the generated heat transfer rates corresponding to the resulting structures are improved by increasing the Rayleigh number, the nanoparticles' volume fraction, and the radiation parameter. All critical Rayleigh numbers leading to different types of transitions within the considered range of this parameter undergo a change by varying the volume fraction of nanoparticles and the radiation parameter.

Chemical reaction, Dufour and Soret effects on the stability of magnetohydrodynamic blood flow conveying magnetic nanoparticle in presence of thermal radiation: A biomedical application

Nowadays ferrofluids (magnetic nanofluids) are at the center of many researches because of their major biomedical applications such as drug delivery and cancer treatment. The effects of chemical reaction, temperature gradient induced mass transfer and concentration gradient induced heat transfer on the stability of ferrofluid flow are of great importance. This paper deals with a stability analysis of a ferrofluid composed of blood as base fluid and magnetic nanoparticles. The study integrates the effects of chemical reactions, the effects of mass transfer (Soret effect), the effects of heat transfer (Dufour effect) and the effects of the Buoyancy force. The flow is exposed to a magnetic field and thermal radiation. A system of eigenvalue equations governing the evolution of disturbances is derived by assuming a normal mode analysis. This system of equations is then solved numerically by the method of collocation. It appears from this study that the addition of nanoparticles to the blood increases its inertia, which dampens the amplitude of the disturbances and stabilizes the flow. The Casson parameter affects the stability of the flow by increasing the amplitude of the disturbances, which reflects its destabilizing effect. It appears from this study that taking into account the non-Newtonian nature of blood is very important when modeling the dynamics of the system because it shows more important and very different results than when blood is treated as a Newtonian fluid. The chemical reaction between the fluid and the nanoparticles leads to the redistribution of disturbances within the flow, which amplifies the instabilities and reflects the destabilizing character of the chemical reaction. On the other hand, temperature gradient induced mass transfer effects and concentration gradient induced heat transfer effects play an essential role on the stability of the flow because they attenuate the amplitude of the disturbances in the flow. The Darcy number exhibits a stabilizing effect on the flow. It appears from this analysis that the porosity of the medium increases the contact surface between the fluid and the nanoparticles. Buoyancy forces, thermal radiation parameter and wave number contribute to the stability of the flow. The magnetic field through the Lorentz force decreases the kinetic energy of the flow, which dissipates the disturbances and thus reflects the stabilizing character of the magnetic field. It should be noted that heat and mass transfer on magnetohydrodynamic flows through porous media taking into consideration the effect of chemical reaction appears in many natural and artificial transport processes in several branches of science and engineering applications. This phenomenon plays an important role in the chemical industry, power and cooling industry for drying, chemical vapor deposition on surfaces, cooling of nuclear reactors and petroleum industry. The effects of thermal radiation, mass and heat transfer are used in many situations in biomedical engineering and aerospace engineering.

Entropy formation analysis for magnetized UCM fluid over an exponentially stretching surface with PST and PSHF wall conditions

<abstract> <p>This article aims to demonstrate the formation of entropy due to variable thermal conductivity, radiation, and fluid friction irreversibilities for a three-dimensional upper-convected Maxwell (UCM) fluid. The fluid motion occurs as a result of exponential stretching sheets. Separate discussions are held regarding the entropy generation related to the prescribed surface temperature and prescribed surface heat flux. Additionally, the heat transport mechanism is examined in the presence of thermal radiation. The governing physical situation is first modeled and then solved by using the homotopy analysis method to acquire the solution. The physical importance of relevant flow parameters is shown graphically and in tabular form. It is noted that the entropy generated is reduced with an increase in the thermal radiation parameter. Streamline patterns are also drawn for two- and three-dimensional UCM fluid models. Finally, the current analytical solution is found to be in agreement with the solutions in the literature.</p> </abstract>

Thermal Radiation, Chemical Reaction and Viscous Dissipation Effects on MHD Mixed Convection Flow of Micro Polar Fluid with Stretching Surface in the Presence of Heat Generation/Absorption

Numerical and theoretical analysis of MHD mixed convection flow of micropolar fluid with stretching surface in the presence of thermal radiation, chemical reaction, viscous dissipation, and heat generation/absorption has been studied.

Computational modelling of radiative Maxwell fluid flow over a stretching sheet containing nanoparticles with chemical reaction

In the presence of thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, and chemical reaction, the heat and mass transmission characteristics of a 2-D electrically conducting incompressible Maxwell fluid past a stretched sheet have been examined. There are various real-world applications for this issue, notably the extrusion of polymers and metal thinning. The transport equations take into account Brownian motion as well as thermophoresis when there is a chemical reaction involved. By making use of the relevant similarity variables, the PDEs that govern the stream and the boundary conditions that go along with them may be non-dimensionalized. The ensuing transformed ODEs are solved using the fourth- and fifth-order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme. It has been determined and quantitatively examined how the different embedded thermo-physical factors influence the velocity, temperature, and concentration. A case study comparison between our findings and those published in the literature reveals a high degree of agreement. Raising the value of the chemical reaction parameter causes a narrowing of the concentration distribution while increasing the temperature causes thermal radiation to have a greater impact. As the quantity of Nt increases, the thickness of the boundary layer grows, causing the surface temperature to increase, ensuing in a temperature increase.

Irreversibility analysis for flow of carbon nanotubes with varying length and radius: Applications in rocket engine

In this research work, the two-dimensional (2D), incompressible fluid flow has been taken into consideration. The flow is supposed to be steady and laminar. By considering the water-based nanoparticles of SWCNTs and MWCNTs in the presence of thermal radiation, the rate of heat transferring and entropy generation effects in a regenerative cooling system of a rocket engine are evaluated. The effects of the length and radius of the nanomaterials on the problem are also considered. Solutions for temperature, velocity profile, irreversibility (entropy generation) and the Bejan number are discussed graphically, and the effects of various significant factors are considered on these profiles. The modeled physical problems in current exploration are dependent upon governing laws which appear in terms of PDEs. These PDEs are reformed into a system of nonlinear ODEs. We used numerical scheme known as (RK-4) in combination with the shooting iteration technique to obtain the solutions to transformed fluid flow equations, because the resultant ODEs are extremely nonlinear and finding the exact solution is very difficult. It is investigated that the Eckert number, nanoparticles volume fraction and radiation parameter upsurge the thermal field as well as the irreversibility of the system. Furthermore, the dual behavior of nanoparticles volume fraction and viscosity parameter on velocity profile is observed. Bejan number shows increasing effects in response to nanoparticles volume fraction and radiation parameter, whereas a reverse impact of Bejan number is noticed for the rising values of Eckert number.

Go-MoS2/Water Flow over a Shrinking Cylinder with Stefan Blowing, Joule Heating, and Thermal Radiation

The impacts of Stefan blowing along with slip and Joule heating on hybrid nanofluid (HNF) flow past a shrinking cylinder are investigated in the presence of thermal radiation. Using the suitable transformations, the governing equations are converted into ODEs, and the MATLAB tool bvp4c is used to solve the resulting equations. As Stefan blowing increases, temperature and concentration profiles are accelerated but the velocity profile diminishes and also the heat transfer rate improves up to 25% as thermal radiation upsurges. The mass transfer rate diminishes as increasing Stefan blowing. The Sherwood number, the Nusselt number, and the skin friction coefficient are numerically tabulated and graphs are also plotted. The outcomes are conscientiously and thoroughly discussed.

A design of neural networks to study MHD and heat transfer in two phase model of nano-fluid flow in the presence of thermal radiation

The main objective of research is to design a numerical computational solver based two-layers structure of backpropagation Levenberg-Marquardt scheme with artificial neural networks i.e. BLMS-ANN for the analyses of the MHD effects on thermal radiation in a two phase model (MHD-TRTM) of nano-fluid flow with heat transfer between two horizontal rotating plates through varying involved parameters including the Reynolds number, radiation parameter, magnetic parameter, rotation parameter, thermophoretic parameter, and the Schmidt number for various scenarios. The MHDTRTM model is mathematically formulated as system of PDEs that are converted in desire system of ODEs by means of suitable transformation. Software tools are used to simulate numerical behavior. The data-sets are constructed by Homotopy analysis method (HAM) technique that are exploited as a target dataset for the learning of BLMS-ANN based on the process of validation, training and testing to determines the solution of MHD-TRTM model for various physical scenarios. Validation, convergence, stability and verification of BLMS-ANN for solution predictive strength of the MHD-TRTM problem are certified in terms of achieved accuracy, regression index measurements, and analysis of error histogram illustrations. With a level of accuracy ranging from to , the recommended approach is distinguishable from the proposed and reference outcomes.

Dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic and ferrohydrodynamic natural convection flow of ferrofluid inside an enclosure under non-uniform magnetic field

The current study has investigated the influence of a non-uniform magnetic field on heat transfer and entropy generation through the convection flow of ferrofluid filled inside the cavity in the presence of thermal radiation. Consider that magnetohydrodynamics is the result of the applied magnetic field, induced by the Lorentz force, while ferrohydrodynamics is the effect of the Kelvin force, which is associated with the applied magnetic field that affects the magnetized liquid. The highly coupled non-linear governing system of partial differential equations are transformed into the set of non-linear algebraic equations by utilizing the Galerkin finite element method, and the Newton-Raphson method has been used to solve them. Results show that the fluid velocity and entropy generation are decreased via increasing Magnetic number. Intensity of streamlines decreases from 12.407 to 1.004 by increasing Hartmann number from 0 to 5. Velocity and temperature profiles increases 31.25% and 48% respectively, by increases concentration of ferroparticles up to 0.05%. The applications of this problem can be found in various heat transfer phenomena through fluid flow and their optimizations, such as in cooling processes of devices, advanced oxidation processes for dye removal from textile wastewater, solar collectors, chemical reactors, and heat exchangers.

Non-Fourier pseudoplastic nanofluidic transport under the impact of momentum slip and thermal radiation

In this modern era of research, fluid mechanics and particularly nanofluids flowing on the stretching surfaces are considered to be occurring more often due to their faster heat transfer mechanism. Mostly, the theoretical research related to nanofluids including this one contributed in studying the performance and reaction of nanomaterials against different physical constraints so that they have wide applications in several developed engineering industries like, atomic receptacles, transportation, microchip technology as well as biomedicine industry and food industry. Several fluids permeating in industrial and biological processes are pseudo-plastics. Their non-Newtonian behavior is usually related to structural reorganizations of the fluid molecules due to their flow. Keeping this in view, this study is an effort to investigate two-dimensional steady incompressible Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model of Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid in the presence of thermal radiation and velocity slip. The governed model is presented through partial differential equations which are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation. The final system of equations are solved numerically and the results are expressed through graphs and tables for fluid’s velocity temperature, concentration and physical quantities like heat and mass flux. It is observed that skin friction as well as local heat and mass flux decline with velocity slip parameter and heat transfer rises but mass flux at surface declines through increment in radiation parameter.

Entropy Analysis of EMHD Hybrid Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow over a Porous Stretching Sheet with Melting Heat Transfer in the Presence of Thermal Radiation

In this study, the entropy formation of an electromagnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid at a stagnation point flow towards a stretched surface in the presence of melting heat transfer, second-order slip, porous medium, viscous dissipation and thermal radiation are investigated. Hybrid nanoparticles alumina (Al2O3) and copper (Cu) are considered, with the base fluid water (H2O). Similarity transformations are used to address the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) that lead to the corresponding ordinary differential equations. The resulting ODEs are solved by employing bvp4c solver numerically in the MATLAB package. The effects of temperature, transport, production of entropy and Bejan number Be are graphically exhibited. Higher radiation parameters R and an electric field E lead to an increase in fluid temperature. The velocity boundary layer is lowered by the magnetic field and porous media parameters. The opposite behaviour is observed in the electric field E. As a result, hybrid nanofluid has numerous uses in engineering cosmetics, automotive industry, home industry, for cancer treatment, food packaging, pharmaceuticals, fabrics, paper plastics, paints, ceramics, food colorants, electronics, heat exchangers, water purification, lubricants and soaps as well.

Second-order convergence analysis for Hall effect and electromagnetic force on ternary nanofluid flowing via rotating disk

The purpose of this research was to estimate the thermal characteristics of tri-HNFs by investigating the impacts of ternary nanoparticles on heat transfer (HT) and fluid flow. The employment of flow-describing equations in the presence of thermal radiation, heat dissipation, and Hall current has been examined. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3), copper oxide (CuO), silver (Ag), and water (H2O) nanomolecules make up the ternary HNFs under study. The physical situation was modelled using boundary layer analysis, which generates partial differential equations for a variety of essential physical factors (PDEs). Assuming that a spinning disk is what causes the flow; the rheology of the flow is enlarged and calculated in a rotating frame. Before determining the solution, the produced PDEs were transformed into matching ODEs using the second order convergent technique (SOCT) also known as Keller Box method. Due to an increase in the implicated influencing elements, several significant physical effects have been observed and documented. For resembling the resolution of nonlinear system issues come across in rolling fluid and other computational physics fields.

Combined effect of thermophoresis and Brownian motion on MHD mixed convective flow over an inclined stretching surface with radiation and chemical reaction

A study has been carried for an incompressible electrically conducting, viscous fluid past a continuously stretching surface in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and first-order chemical reaction with thermophoresis and Brownian motion. An inclined uniform magnetic field is applied to the fluid flow region. The governing coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) that describe the model are transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by applying similarity analysis. The resultant nonlinear coupled ODEs are computed numerically in MATLAB software using the boundary value problem solver (BVP4C). The effects of various physical parameters have been examined graphically on velocity, concentration and temperature distribution. The comparison has been made from the previously published work, and there is a good agreement with that. These results can be helpful in geothermal engineering, energy conversation and disposal of nuclear waste material. Moreover, this combined effect can also help biologists to study biological macromolecules such as genomic-length DNA and HIV in the microchannel.

Radiative flow of nanofluid past a convected vertical Riga plate with activation energy and nonlinear heat generation

This article presents an analysis of the radiative flow of nanofluid past a convected vertical Riga plate with activation energy and nonlinear heat generation. A Riga plate is a surface-mounted electromagnetic actuator with a spanwise aligned array of alternating electrodes and permanent magnets. The aforementioned rheological model is formulated in the way of the nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). The system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is obtained from the modeled nonlinear PDEs by incorporating valid similarity transformations. The system of ODEs is then figured out by the reliable shooting method. The effects of mixed convection, modified Hartmann number, Biot number, thermophoresis, Eckert number, reaction rate, the width of magnets and electrodes, and Lewis and Prandtl numbers on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are investigated graphically and numerically. It is found that the speed of the fluid can be managed with the separation of magnets and electrodes. Further, the concentration of nanofluid is significantly enhanced in the presence of activation energy. Also, the nonlinear exponential index parameter of heat generation declines the temperature of the fluid. Further, it is found that in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and nonlinear heat generation, the Nusselt number increases averagely by about 11.3%.

Numerical Computation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes Flow over a Stretching/Shrinking Vertical Cylinder in Presence of Thermal Radiation and Hydromagnetic

The discovery of hybrid carbon nanotubes shows the tendency toward the improvement of heat transfer performance in comparison to various classical fluids. This paper expands the novelty in utilizing the hybrid carbon nanotubes over vertical stretching/shrinking cylinder in presence of hydromagnetic and thermal radiation. It is essential to analyze the hydromagnetic due to its high potential capability especially in drug and gene release, hyperthermia effects as well as cell separation and manipulation in bio-medical field. The investigation on thermal radiation effect is added in this current study as it enhances the rate of heat transfer. To initiate this problem, partial differential equations (PDE) for the hybrid nanofluid flow with relevant boundary conditions (BCs) is set up and transformed into an ordinary differential equation (ODE). Adopting the similarity solutions and numerically solved using bvp4c (MATLAB). Findings on the variation of local Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient, shear stress and local heat flux having the effects of magnetic, M, curvature, ϒ, thermal radiation, Nr, mixed convection parameter, λ as well as volume fraction of nanoparticles, φ are demonstrated and elaborated in detail. Moreover, the research reveals that duality of solutions occurs when the buoyance force is in opposing flow with respect to the fluid motion, λ<0, as well as shrinking area, ε<0. The occurrence of magnetic reduces the heat transfer as well as skin friction coefficient. In addition, the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number tend to improve as volume fraction of nanoparticles and curvature are increased. In contrast, the low of thermal radiation enhance the heat transfer. Indeed, the consequences of using hybrid carbon nanotubes help intensify the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number compared to SWCNT nanofluid and MWCNT nanofluid. These crucial findings may benefit the scientists and academicians hence giving an add-on value to their expertise. A stability analysis must be performed since there exists a non-unique solution throughout the computation.

CONSTRUCTION OF THE EXACT SOLUTION OF BLOOD FLOW OF OLDROYD-B FLUIDS THROUGH ARTERIES WITH EFFECTS OF FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE MAGNETIC FIELD AND HEAT TRANSFER

In this paper, we construct the exact solution of blood flow of Oldroyd-B fluids to represent the non-Newtonian characteristics of biofluids and to study the unsteady flow of blood and heat transfer through arterial segment with external magnetic field applied normal to the flow direction in the presence of thermal radiation and body acceleration. In the study, we investigate the influence of Caputo time-fractional parameter, heat transfer, external body acceleration, and magnetic field on the blood velocity and temperature distribution in a straight circular cylindrical vessel. The constitutive partial differential equation and temperature equation governing blood flow in the arterial wall are solved using Laplace and finite Hankel transforms. In addition, Gaver Stehfest’s algorithm is used for the inverse Laplace transform. The results obtained are interpreted graphically and discussed from the physiological point of view. The graphs show that the rate of heat transfer and blood velocity become less with the increase in the external magnetic field strength which is very good in regulating blood flow as well as temperature distribution during treatment. Based on the graphical representations, blood velocity and temperature distribution both decrease in ascending order of the fractional parameter as memory effect. Further, owing to the dissipation of energy caused by blood viscoelasticity and magnetic field effect, during pulsatile flow of blood, the heat transfer rate at the wall of the artery is enhanced. The significance of this study can be found in the application fields such as biomedical engineering, medicine and pathology.