Presence Of IgE Antibodies Research Articles

Pulmonary antigen challenge in rats passively sensitized with a monoclonal IgE antibody induces immediate but not late changes in airway mechanics.

Pulmonary antigen challenge in sensitized individuals results in isolated immediate, isolated late, or dual reactions consisting of both an immediate and late change in airway function. The immediate response appears to be dependent on the presence of IgE antibody and mast cell mediator release. Although the late phase of dual responses is considered to be related to or a continuum of the immediate hypersensitivity response, its precise pathogenesis remains to be determined. To increase both the sensitivity and specificity of analyzing the pathogenesis of IgE-dependent pulmonary responses, we have used a Sprague-Dawley rat model system in which rats are passively sensitized with a murine monoclonal IgE anti-dinitrophenol (DNP) antibody prior to challenge with DNP-bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA). Pathogen-free rats were injected with IgE or saline in a randomized blinded protocol, and in 24 to 48 h were anesthetized with urethane (1.2 g/kg intraperitoneally) and instrumented to measure lung resistance (RL) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn). Rats were then challenged with aerosolized DNP-BSA (10 mg/ml), and RL and Cdyn monitored through 7 h after challenge. Both RL (0.30 +/- 0.10 versus 0.13 +/- 0.02 cm H2O/ml.sec-1) and Cdyn (0.41 +/- 0.10 versus 0.25 +/- 0.08 ml/cm H2O) were significantly different (p less than 0.05) in sensitized rats compared to control rats immediately after challenge. No late changes were observed in either the treated or control animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Food antibodies in acute psychoses.

Antibodies to a variety of foods, and in particular cereals, were measured in serum from 100 patients with acute psychoses and 100 elective surgical patients. For 13 out of 14 foods to which non-IgE antibodies were detected the schizophrenics had slightly more antibodies than the controls. There was an association between a possible secondary mania and the presence of IgE antibodies to wheat or rye. However, neither the schizophrenia nor the mania findings can be regarded as evidence for food allergy causing psychiatric disorder, since the immunological findings in both cases may represent consequences of the illnesses or their treatment, rather than causes of the illness.

Dog Dander Allergens

Cat allergen-specific serum IgE antibodies were detected in 27 (71%) of a group of 38 dog dander-sensitive patients. In 4 (44%) of the cases the dual reaction could be explained by the presence of IgE antibodies to cross-reacting serum proteins. In a larger group the binding of dog dander-specific IgE antibodies could be inhibited by cat epithelium allergens. Two allergenic components of dog dander were separated by chromatography on Sephadex G-75. One of the allergens was closely related to a purified major cat epithelium allergen. The other allergen was apparently dog-specific and showed no cross-reactivity with cat allergens. Both components were present in the dander of dachshund, Airedale terrier, poodle and boxer. The dog dander is the preferable source of dog epithelium allergens provided that the existence of relations to other animals is considered.

IgE antibody response of smokers, nonsmokers, and "smoke-sensitive" persons to tobacco leaf and smoke antigens.

Serum samples from cigarette smokers, nonsmokers, and persons reporting "smoke sensitivity" were tested for IgE antibodies to tobacco leaf and smoke extracts by the radioallergosorbent test. Results indicated that none of the serum samples tested contained detectable IgE antibodies to smoke extracts. Occasionally, serum specimens from smokers or nonsmokers demonstrated reactivity to leaf antigen. The most significant reaction to leaf antigens was detected in serum from one of the 7 smoke-sensitive subjects tested. These results demonstrate that smoking, nonsmoking, and clinical "smoke sensitivity" are not correlated with the presence of IgE antibodies to tobacco leaf or smoke antigen.

Regulatory role of prostaglandin E in allergic histamine release with observations on the responsiveness of basophil leukocytes and the effect of acetylsalicylic acid

This study examined the relationship between prostaglandin E (PGE) production and antigen-induced histamine release by leukocytes of asthmatic patients. The maximum amount of antigen-induced histamine release from leukocytes of different donors did not correlate with serum ragweed-specific IgE levels and correlated inversely with the basal PGE release from cultured leukocytes. The relationship betwen maximum histamine release and serum ragweed-specific IgE levels appeared to be influenced by the degree of PGE release. Patients with lower histamine release relative to ragweed-specific IgE levels had elevated PGE release. Based on these findings it can be hypothesized that spontaneously produced PGE might be a determinant of the responsiveness of basophil leukocytes to immunologic stimulation. This hypothesis was supported by demonstration of a positive correlation between the degree of inhibition of total basal PGE production in leukocyte suspensions during a short period of incubation and the degree of enhancement of antigen-induced histamine release by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). The results indicate that, although the presence of IgE antibody in the blood may be the prerequisite for allergic histamine release from human leukocytes, endogenous PGE may be an important regulator of the release reaction. The results also suggest that idiosyncratic reactions to ASA and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs observed in the allergic population may be at least partly due to impairment of the regulator function of endogenous PGE in the IgE-mediated histamine release reaction.