Presence Of Cylinder Research Articles

Framing the features of nanolayer and diameter of carbon nanotubes in the flow of blood over a stretching cylinder in presence of magnetic induction

This study explores the slip boundary layer electrically conducting flow of nanofluid over a stretching cylinder. Flow type in present study is considered to be steady and incompressible flow with mixture of SWCNTs/MWCNTs and human blood. Thermal conductivity of present flow model is measured by merging the consequence of diameter of SWCNTs/MWCNTs nanoparticles and solid–liquid interfacial-layer. Velocity slip, non-linear radiation, and induced magnetic-flux are considered in flow. The mode of heat transmission in flow is presented in appearance of dual heat flux, that is, Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and prescribed heat flux. By executing similarity exploration, we modernize the leading PDEs of the acknowledged flow model into ODEs. The consequential equations are solved numerically by recalling Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth-fifth order scheme through shooting system. Deliberations on consequence of flow features on flow specific are organized accurately via graphs and charts. The professed numerical consequences are novel and distinctive. These consequences can contribute to other scholars on electing the suitable factors to enlarge the heat conduction technique in medical science, society, and the industry.

Thin liquid films on a slippery vertical cylinder in presence of chemical reaction

In industrial settings, chemical reactions often affect thin liquid films that flow down vertical cylinders. However, the effect of non-isothermal reactions on the dynamics of these films is not fully comprehended. To address this issue, this study investigates the behavior and stability of thin film flows on uniformly heated vertical cylinders that exhibit wall slippage when subjected to a pseudo-zero-order exothermic or endothermic chemical reaction. A reduced model is developed for thin liquid films flowing down vertical cylinders in the presence of exothermic or endothermic chemical reactions, assuming the film thickness is much smaller than the cylinder radius. The heat from the reaction and/or wall heating initiates a thermocapillary Marangoni effect, which is further enhanced by wall slippage, directly affecting the dynamics of the free surface. Linear and weakly nonlinear stability analyses show that wall slip amplifies the instability, while exothermic reactions stabilize the system and endothermic reactions destabilize it. It is also found that chemical reactions significantly influence the supercritical stable, subcritical unstable, unconditional stable, and explosive zones of the thin film. A direct numerical simulation confirms the results of linear and weakly nonlinear analyses.

Hybrid-nanofluid mixed convection in square cavity subjected to oriented magnetic field and multiple rotating rough cylinders

In this study, mixed convective hybrid-nanofluid flow in a partially heated square cavity with two rotating rough cylinders in presence of an external magnetic field is numerically investigated. A pair of rotating rough cylinders is placed at different locations inside the cavity. The cavity is permeated by an external magnetic field at different inclination angles. Maxwell's thermal conductivity model is modified incorporating Brownian motion of hybrid nanoparticles. The conservation equations of the flow and thermal fields are simulated using finite element method. The effects of different influential parameters such as cylinders rotation velocity (0 ≤ ω ≤ 50), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤50), hybrid nanoparticle volume fraction (0% ≤ φ ≤ 5%) and magnetic inclination angle (0° ≤ α ≤ 135°) on the flow and thermal fields are explored via streamlines, isotherms and bar charts of average Nusselt number. The simulated results ensure that mixed convective flow is accelerated with cylinders rotation speed but declines with higher magnetic field strength and hybrid-nanoparticle volume fraction. Heat transfer enhancement is recorded up to 261.29% at highest rotating speed of rough cylinders (ω: 0–50, φ = 1%, Ha = 10). Enhancement of heat transfer rate is found decreasing for increasing magnetic field strength. Lowest heat transfer rate is occurred at highest magnetic field impact (Ha = 50) which is 144.62% less than that of heat transfer in absence of magnetic field (Ha = 0). Optimum heat transfer is found for 5% hybrid nanoparticle volume fraction which is 101.2% more compared to base fluid water. The presence of triangular rough components accelerates the fluid flow and heat transfer rate significantly. In addition, 48.89% more heat transfer is obtained for rotating rough cylinders with triangular components compared to smooth cylinders. Moreover, maximum heat transfer is achieved at magnetic inclination angle of 90°. It is also observed that the flow and thermal fields strongly depend on the cylinders arrangements.

Intelligent VIV control of 2DOF sprung cylinder in laminar shear-thinning and shear-thickening cross-flow based on self-tuning fuzzy PID algorithm

A self-tuning fuzzy PID (ST-FPID) control scheme is implemented within a joint interactive (Matlab/Simulink/Fluent) co-simulation framework for effective two degrees of freedom (2DOF) vortex-induced vibration (VIV) control of an elastically-mounted circular cylinder in laminar cross-flow of incompressible non-Newtonian power-law fluids based on the control action of a single transverse force actuator. The model-free controller, which systematically tunes the control parameters online in real time based on given rules, is well-known to be highly advantageous over the previously employed conventional PID controllers. It is particularly capable of handling the intricate non-linear dynamic effects inherent in the complex fluid rheology of non-Newtonian flow past the cylinder in presence of unmodeled system dynamics, high parametric uncertainties, diverse operational conditions, and time-varying external disturbances and control signals. Extensive numerical simulations reveal that the complex shear-thinning and shear-thickening behaviors of fluid viscosity can substantially influence the cylinder dynamic response, applied hydrodynamic forces, and flow structure. In particular, effectiveness and high performance of the adopted ST-FPID control strategy in substantial suppression of the high amplitude coupled 2DOF VIV of the elastically-mounted cylinder at selected critical reduced velocities in the lock-in region are established for a wide range of power-law index parameters (e.g., up to 83% reduction in RMS value of cylinder cross-flow displacement and up to 35% reduction in RMS value of cylinder in-line displacement for n=1and U* = 5 at Re = 100). Also, the vigorous action of the error-driven ST-FPID controller in forcing the high strength vortex shedding patterns of the uncontrolled cylinder out of the lock-in condition into the classical von Kármán vortex street of 2S-type mode of moderately weaker strengths is verified.

Quadratic combined convective flow about yawed cylinder in presence of time variations and magnetic effects: entropy analysis

The significance of time-dependent variations in a quadratic combined convective magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow around an infinite yawed cylinder with entropy analysis is explored in the present investigation. There are numerous real-world applications wherein the yawed-shaped bodies are used extensively, for example, overhead cables, bridge stay cables, chimney stacks etc. First, the dimensional governing equations are made dimensionless by applying the appropriate transformations of non-similar nature. After that, using the Quasilinearization technique, the resulting equations are linearised and discretized by employing implicit finite difference approximations. In unsteady flow, velocity distributions along chordwise and spanwise directions reduced when compared with the steady case. As the cylinder's yaw angle grows, fluid pressure inside it rises, increasing its velocity in all directions. The surface drag coefficients along chord & spanwise directions and the energy transfer rate increase approximately by 104%, 67% and 40%, respectively, as R i increases from −2 to 10, for accelerating flow ( α > 0 ) at θ = 45 0 and τ = 1 . An increase in the yaw angle results in more entropy generation (EG). It shows that yawed cylinder overcomes the EG difficulties faced in the case of a vertical cylinder. It is revealed that, by using a yawed cylinder with MHD, one can restrict the amount of energy loss.

Numerical Computation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes Flow over a Stretching/Shrinking Vertical Cylinder in Presence of Thermal Radiation and Hydromagnetic

The discovery of hybrid carbon nanotubes shows the tendency toward the improvement of heat transfer performance in comparison to various classical fluids. This paper expands the novelty in utilizing the hybrid carbon nanotubes over vertical stretching/shrinking cylinder in presence of hydromagnetic and thermal radiation. It is essential to analyze the hydromagnetic due to its high potential capability especially in drug and gene release, hyperthermia effects as well as cell separation and manipulation in bio-medical field. The investigation on thermal radiation effect is added in this current study as it enhances the rate of heat transfer. To initiate this problem, partial differential equations (PDE) for the hybrid nanofluid flow with relevant boundary conditions (BCs) is set up and transformed into an ordinary differential equation (ODE). Adopting the similarity solutions and numerically solved using bvp4c (MATLAB). Findings on the variation of local Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient, shear stress and local heat flux having the effects of magnetic, M, curvature, ϒ, thermal radiation, Nr, mixed convection parameter, λ as well as volume fraction of nanoparticles, φ are demonstrated and elaborated in detail. Moreover, the research reveals that duality of solutions occurs when the buoyance force is in opposing flow with respect to the fluid motion, λ<0, as well as shrinking area, ε<0. The occurrence of magnetic reduces the heat transfer as well as skin friction coefficient. In addition, the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number tend to improve as volume fraction of nanoparticles and curvature are increased. In contrast, the low of thermal radiation enhance the heat transfer. Indeed, the consequences of using hybrid carbon nanotubes help intensify the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number compared to SWCNT nanofluid and MWCNT nanofluid. These crucial findings may benefit the scientists and academicians hence giving an add-on value to their expertise. A stability analysis must be performed since there exists a non-unique solution throughout the computation.

Entropy generation due to hydromagnetic buoyancy-driven hybrid-nanofluid flow in partially heated porous cavity containing heat conductive obstacle

Hydromagnetic natural convection heat transfer in an improved designing has sustainable importance in high performance thermal equipment and geothermal energy systems. This investigation explores the fluid flow and temperature behaviours along with entropy generation for buoyancy driven flow of hybrid nanofluid in a partially heated cavity saturated by porous medium having heat conductive cylinder in presence of external magnetic field. Effective thermal conductivity model is formulated based on Brownian motion of Cu and Al2O3 nanoparticles. The developed governing equations are solved implementing Galerkin finite element method. Results-based discussion is presented through streamlines, temperature contours, heat transfer rate and entropy generation tools, respectively. The results endorse that fluid flow and temperature and also local entropy generation are phenomenally influenced with higher buoyancy parameter but these impacts are correlated with magnetic field strength, amount of hybrid nanoparticles and also cavity permeability. The heat transfer rate and average entropy generation components are increased with the increase in Rayleigh number and these trends are expedited with the increase in cavity porosity and volume fraction but reverse trend is found for magnetic field effect except magnetic-irreversibility. In addition, Bejan number is declined for increasing Rayleigh and Darcy numbers but increased for higher Hartmann number and amount of hybrid nanoparticles.

Vortex evolution of flow past the near-wall circular cylinder immersed in a flat-plate turbulent boundary layer

The vortex evolutions and the turbulent characteristics in flow past the near-wall circular cylinder immersed in a flat-plate turbulent boundary layer are investigated with particle image velocimetry (PIV), with the objective of clarifying the interaction between the turbulent boundary layer flow and the near-wall cylinder wake. The Reynolds number based on the cylinder diameter D is 1.0×103, and three gap ratios (i.e., G/D=0.5, 1 and 2) are chosen for comparison at δ/D=6.7 where G is the gap size and δ is turbulent boundary layer thickness without the presence of cylinder. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis is used to obtain phase-averaged flow fields, combining with the vortex identification method λci, which can capture effectively the evolution process of vortex. For three gap ratios, the cylinder is placed at the logarithmic-law layer of incoming flow, and the Karman-vortex sheets can be generated from the curling of the cylinder shear layers. At G/D=0.5 and G/D=1, the secondary vortex can be formed periodically in the wall due to the induction of the lower wake vortex. The vortex evolutions and turbulent characteristics are significantly affected by incoming turbulent boundary layer flow. The swirling strength of the wake vortices shed from the cylinder is enhanced with increasing G/D, and the swirling strength of the upper wake vortex is slightly bigger than that of the lower wake vortex due to velocity differences of incoming flow. The variation of the Strouhal number (St) is dependent on the gap ratio, and there is nearly 10.4% increase from St=0.211 at G/D=2 to St=0.233 at G/D=0.5, which is caused by the combined effects of the deflected gap flow and the velocity gradient. At large gap ratios, especially at G/D=2, the upstream high-velocity fluids interact with the cylinder wake, leading to strong velocity fluctuations behind the cylinder, and the magnitudes of production and turbulent diffusion in turbulent kinetic energy are increased, which also enhances turbulent transports behind the cylinder.

Flow Field around a Vertical Cylinder in Presence of Long Waves: An Experimental Study

Long waves caused by storm surges or river floods can significantly impact marine and fluvial structures such as bridge piers. Apart from the forces that they generate on the structure, they also contribute to the formation of turbulent eddies downstream of the obstacle. This is relevant, as in this way they can affect both an erodible bottom and the ecosystem. The present study describes a medium-scale experiment, in which the propagation of two different long waves released on a steady current is investigated in the presence of a bottom-mounted rigid emergent cylinder. Velocity measurements were acquired by a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system, providing instantaneous flow velocity vectors on selected 2D planes. For each experimental condition, the time-varying velocity field near the cylinder was examined in selected vertical and horizontal planes. First, we tested which analytical theory or approximated method can best represent the experimental waves. After this, we estimated the horizontal maps of velocity and vorticity downstream of the obstacle and finally processed the velocity signals by means of a wavelet-based technique, to derive the length scales of turbulent eddies. In such a way, we specifically derived how the spreading of coherent turbulent structures downstream of the cylinder depends on the features of the flume, cylinder, and wave.

Heat Transfer and Flow Attributes of MHD Viscous Fluid Around a Circular Cylinder in Presence of Thermal Radiation

The crux of this paper is to explore heat distribution and motility traits of electrically conducting viscous fluid around a circular cylinder. The flow is two dimensional and is subjected to magnetic field and thermal radiation. Appropriate numeric computing environment is utilized for numerical solution of the set of transformed differential equations obtained using similarity transformation to the governing equations of the problem. The impinges of physical situation and different flow dictating parameters relevant to the problem have been depicted pictorially in the form of graphs. On the basis of these pictorial visualizations, attempts have been made for inferences regarding the problem. Point of separation is procured with respect to pertinent flow traits.

Numerical Computation of MHD Thermal Flow of Cross Model over an Elliptic Cylinder: Reduction of Forces via Thickness Ratio

The present work is concerned with a comprehensive analysis of hydrodynamic forces, under MHD and forced convection thermal flow over a heated cylinder in presence of insulated plates installed at walls. The magnetic field is imposed in the transverse direction of flow. The Galerkin finite element (GFE) scheme has been used to discretize the two-dimensional system of nonlinear partial different equations. The study is executed for the varying range of flow behavior index n from 0.4 to 1.6, Hartmann number Ha from 0 to 100, Reynolds number Re from 10 to 50, Grashof number Gr from 1 to 10, thickness ratio e from 0.5 to 1.0, and Prandtl number Pr from 1 to 10, respectively. A coarse hybrid computational grid is developed, and further refinement is carried out for obtaining the highly accurate solution. The optimum case selection is based on flow patterns, drag and lift coefficients, and pressure drop reduction against cylinder thickness ratios and average Nusselt numbers. Drag coefficient increases with an increase in thickness ratio e . The drag force reduction for e = 0.5 and e = 0.75 is also observed for a range of the power law index as compared with e = 1.0 cylinder. Maximum pressure drop over the back and front points of cylinder is reported at Ha = 100 .

Investigation of Micropolar Hybrid Nanofluid (Iron Oxide–Molybdenum Disulfide) Flow Across a Sinusoidal Cylinder in Presence of Magnetic Field

Investigation of Micropolar Hybrid Nanofluid (Iron Oxide–Molybdenum Disulfide) Flow Across a Sinusoidal Cylinder in Presence of Magnetic Field

Analytical solution of problem of shielding low-frequency magnetic field by thin-walled cylindrical screen in presence of cylinder

The analytical solution of boundary value problem describing the process of penetration of low-frequency magnetic field through thin-walled cylindrical screen with cylindrical inclusion is constructed by use of approximate boundary conditions. The source of the field is a thin thread of infinitely small length with an infinitely small cross-section where current circulates. Thread is located in a plane which is perpendicular to axis of cylindrical screen, in outer region with respect to a screen. Initially the potential of initial magnetic field is represented as spherical harmonic functions, then using addition theorems connecting spherical and cylindrical harmonic functions, it became as cylindrical harmonic functions superposition. Secondary potentials of magnetic field are also presented as superposition of cylindrical harmonic functions in three-dimensional space. It is shown that the solution of formulated boundary value problem is reduced to the solution of linear algebraic equations system for coefficients included in the representation of secondary fields. The influence of some aspects of the problem on the value of the screening coefficient of an external magnetic field when passing through a cylindrical copper screen in the presence of a cylindrical inclusion is studied numerically. Calculation results are presented in graphs form. Obtained results can be used to shield technical devices and biological objects against the effects of magnetic fields to provide ecological surrounding of operating electrical installations and devices.

Морфологічна характеристика еритроцитів сечі в дітей з еритроцитурією

Актуальність. Визначення походження еритроцитурії в практиці педіатра є важливим завданням, воно дозволяє сформувати правильний діагноз. Розглянуто можливість застосування фазово-контрастної мікроскопії (ФКМ) для виявлення гломерулярної та негломерулярної еритроцитурії. Метою роботи було визначення морфологічної характеристики еритроцитів сечі в дітей з еритроцитурією для покращення якості диференціальної діагностики. Матеріали та методи. Дослідження морфологічної характеристики еритроцитів сечі методом ФКМ проведено 73 пацієнтам віком від 1 до 18 років, із них 45 (61,6 %) хворим на гематуричну форму гломерулонефриту, 23 (31,5 %) хворим на спадковий нефрит та 5 (6,8 %) хворим на дисметаболічну нефропатію. Результати. У дітей із клінічно встановленим діагнозом «гломерулонефрит, гематурична форма» виявлено незмінені еритроцити в 44,4 % пацієнтів, у 42,2 % випадків еритроцити були дисморфними, і в 13,4 % випадків виявлено акантоцити. Серед дітей з еритроцитурією, яким було клінічно встановлено діагноз «спадковий нефрит», переважали пацієнти з дисморфними еритроцитами — 52,2 %, у 26,1 % хворих еритроцити не були зміненими, і в 21,7 % виявлено акантоцити. У дітей з еритроцитурією, хворих на дисметаболічну нефропатію, еритроцити осаду сечі були незмінені й простежувались кристали солей. Висновки. Метод ФКМ можна використовувати в сукупності із загальноклінічними методами в рутинній практиці для визначення подальшої тактики обстеження та лікування дітей з еритроцитурією.

Flow Characteristics and Fluid Forces Reduction of Flow Past Two Tandem Cylinders in Presence of Attached Splitter Plate

Numerical simulations are carried out to study the flow around two tandem square cylinders (SC) under the effect of spacing ratio(g/D) and splitter plate length (l/D) for a fixed Reynolds number (Re) = 100. The g/D is varied from 0 to 10 and l/D is varied from 0.5 to 10. The splitter plate length is found to have strong effect on vortex shedding and fluid forces. The maximum reduction in mean drag coefficient is observed at l/D = 8, that is 15% and 78% for upstream and downstream cylinders, respectively. The maximum reduction in root-mean-square value of lift coefficient is found at l/D = 10, that is 99%. The flow pattern at both of these points is steady flow. There is 100% vortex shedding suppression for l/D > 5. The observed flow patterns for flow past tandem cylinders without splitter plate are; single bluff body (SBB), steady flow (SF), quasi-steady flow (QSF), fully developed flow (FDF) and fully developed two-row vortex street flow (FDTRVS) regimes. SBB, QSF and SF regimes were observed in presence of splitter plate.

Simultaneous features of Wu's slip, nonlinear thermal radiation and activation energy in unsteady bio-convective flow of Maxwell nanofluid configured by a stretching cylinder

This continuation deals with the bioconvection flow of magnetized Maxwell nanofluid over a stretched cylinder in presence of slip effects. The novel features of activation energy and thermal radiation are also encountered to analyze the flow. The higher order slip relations are introduced to inspect the thermal flow problem. The flow model is developed in terms of dimensionless equations via appropriate variables. The numerical simulations are presented with shooting scheme by using MATLAB software. The physical outcomes of interesting parameters are visualized. The observations show that velocity profile reduces with unsteady parameter, curvature constant and second order slip factor. The temperature profile enhanced with first order velocity slip parameter and curvature constant. Moreover, nanofluid concentration reduces with Lewis number and Brownian constant.

MODELLING OF MULTI-PHASE FLUID FLOW WITH VOLUME FRACTION PAST A PERMEABLE STRETCHING VERTICAL CYLINDER AND ITS NUMERICAL STUDY

A steady two-dimensional mixed convective multi-phase fluid (base fluid containing dust particles) flow past a vertical stretching cylinder in presence of volume fraction has been investigated. The surface of cylinder is embedded by porous medium in presence of non-uniform source/sink. Governing partial differential equations of the problem for both fluid and dust phases are converted into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. MATLAB built-in bvp4c solver technique is used to solve the resulting non-linear differential equations. The results are presented in graphical forms for various values of flow parameters.

Nonlinear mixed convective Williamson nanofluid flow with the suspension of gyrotactic microorganisms

This investigation aims to present the thermally developed bioconvection flow of Williamson nanoliquid over an inclined stretching cylinder in presence of linear mixed convection and nonuniform heat source/sink. The activation energy and suspension of gyrotactic microorganisms are accounted with applications of bioconvection phenomenon. Appropriate nondimensional variables are opted to attain the dimensionless form of flow equations. The resulting momentum, energy, concentration and motile density equations are abridged to highly coupled and nonlinear in nature. The numerical treatment is followed for the solution procedure by employing the shooting method. The influence of some relevant dimensionless parameters is discoursed graphically along with physical justifications. Moreover, the impact of several dimensionless parameters on skin friction and Nusselt number is obtained and listed in tables. It is observed that the velocity of fluid shows a decreasing variation for Williamson fluid parameter. The change in unsteadiness parameter and heat source parameter enhanced the nanofluid temperature. The motile microorganisms profile declines with bioconvection constant and bio-convection Lewis number.

Applications of activation energy along with thermal and exponential space-based heat source in bioconvection assessment of magnetized third grade nanofluid over stretched cylinder/sheet

This research presents the bioconvection flow of third grade nanofluid confined by a stretched cylinder in presence of thermal radiation, heat absorption/generation phenomenon, activation energy and exponential space-based heat source. The famous Buongiorno nanofluid is used applications to access the Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. The problem is formulated in terms of partial differential equations by using the fundamental laws. The dimensionless form of problem is obtained equations by using suitable transformation. Later on, the numerical outcomes for the couple of discretized system are obtained by employing the powerful numerical shooting algorithm. Since this investigation is based on some theoretical flow assumptions, therefore each physical parameter specified some constant range like 0.1≤β1≤1.2,0.4≤β2≤1.2,0.1≤β3≤1.2,0.2≤Re≤0.8,0.1≤λ≤1.4,0.1≤M≤1.2,0.1≤Nr≤1.2,0.1≤Nc≤1.3,0.0≤Rd≤0.8,2.0≤Pr≤5.0,0.1≤Nb≤0.25,0.1≤Nt≤0.4,1.5≤θw≤1.8,1.2≤Le≤2.4,0.1≤E≤0.4,1.2≤Lb≤2.4,0.1≤Pe≤1.2,0.1≤δ1≤0.6,0.1≤λ1≤0.4,. 0.1≤λ2≤0.4,0.2≤λ3≤0.5. The physical significance of prominent parameters versus subjective flow profiles are graphically underlined with physical justifications. It is observed that presence of exponential space-based heat source and heat source parameter is more useful to improve the nanofluid temperature. An increment in nanofluid concentration is observed with solutal Biot number and activation energy parameter. Moreover, the microorganisms profile decline with bioconvection Lewis number while reverse trend is observed for microorganism stratification Biot number.

Three-Dimensional Mixed Convection in a Rectangular Enclosure Containing a Circular Cylinder

This study carried out a three-dimensional, unsteady, numerical simulation to investigate the effects of the cylinder radius, Reynolds number, three-dimensionality and unsteadiness on the mixed convection in a rectangular enclosure containing a cold circular cylinder. The variations in the cylinder radius in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 times the length of the enclosure and the Reynolds number in the range of 100 to 1000 were considered. The flow and thermal structures reached three different regimes depending on the radius of cold cylinder and Reynolds number. The patterns in the flow and thermal fields were categorized into three regimes: steady two-dimensional convection, steady three-dimensional convection, and unsteady three-dimensional convection. The temperature distribution, vortical structure, and Nusselt number for a heated bottom wall were extensively analyzed. The transition of flow regime, flow instability and the heat transfer performances were influenced by the presence of cylinder. In addition, the three-dimensional flow characteristics were quantified using orthogonal enstrophy, and the unsteady characteristics were investigated by carrying out the frequency analysis of Nusselt number. As the three-dimensionality in flow and thermal fields increases and the flow regime changes to the three-dimensional unsteady convection regime, the difference in the results of two and three-dimensional simulations also increases.