Presence Of Curcumin Research Articles

Analysis of curcumin interaction with human serum albumin using spectroscopic studies with molecular simulation

Curcumin has emerged to be utilized as a superb beneficial agent, due to its naturally occurring anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic property. The interaction of curcumin with human serum albumin, the main in vivo transporter of exogenous substances, was investigated using absorption spectroscopy, steady-state fluorescence, excited state life-time studies and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Isothermal titration calorimetry techniques inferred one class of binding site with binding constant ~1.74×105M−1 revealing a strong interaction. The binding profile was analyzed through the evaluation of the thermodynamic parameters, which indicated the involvement of hydrophobic interactions (burial of non-polar group). Fluorescence lifetime of tryptophan residue was observed to decrease to 1.94 ns from 2.84 ns in presence of Curcumin. Percentage of α helicity of human serum albumin was also reduced significantly upon binding with curcumin as evidenced by circular dichroism measurement leading to conformational modification of the protein molecule. On the basis of such complementary results, it may be concluded that curcumin shows strong binding affinity for human serum albumin, probably at the hydrophobic cavities of the protein and at or around the tryptophan residue. Molecular Docking analysis of HSA and curcumin provided light on the number of binding sites at an atomic level, which were already determined at a molecular level in spectroscopic measurements. Our study unfolds the modes of interaction of curcumin with human serum albumin in the light of different biophysical techniques and molecular modeling analysis.

Protective effects of curcumin against gamma ray induced conformational change of human serum albumin

This study explores the possibility for protection by curcumin during the molecular and structural changes of human serum albumin (HSA) exposed to gamma irradiation. We used a combination of spectroscopic methods to probe the conformational ensemble of the irradiated HSA and finally evaluated the extent of restoration by curcumin. SDS-PAGE study unfolded the formation of cross linked aggregates as a consequence of increasing exposure of gamma radiation. CD and FTIR spectroscopy indicated significant decrease in the alpha helix content of HSA from 57% to 15% with increasing radiation doses. Steady state and time resolved fluorescence studies complemented the spectroscopic measurements, when lifetime decay was significantly reduced from 6.35ns to 0.37ns. Hydrophobic study showed the effectiveness of curcumin for protection at low dose of gamma irradiated HSA samples. We integrated these observations to investigate protein aggregation under increasing gamma radiation and estimated the same in presence of curcumin. It was elucidated, that when HSA is irradiated at low dose of gamma radiation in presence of curcumin, it is capable of retaining the characteristic properties to a higher extent indicating stabilization of molecular structure of HSA by curcumin. A model for curcumin based protection has been proposed utilizing ThT assay.

Modulation in the conformational and stability attributes of the Alzheimer’s disease associated amyloid-beta mutants and their favorable stabilization by curcumin: molecular dynamics simulation analysis

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in brain. In the present study, two familial Aβ42 mutations, namely A2V (harmful) and A2T (protective) have been analyzed and compared with the wild-type (WT) by performing all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in the absence and presence of curcumin, a well-known inhibitor of Aβ plaque formation. Mutant A2V was found to exhibit highest stability followed by WT and mutant A2T in the absence of curcumin. This stability trend was found to be reversed in the presence of curcumin, suggesting a significant change in the conformational landscape of Aβ42 folding. Due to significant differences in the folding and interaction patterns of the mutants A2V and A2T, curcumin exhibited higher binding affinity for mutant A2T as compared to that of A2V. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the effect of curcumin binding on structural landscapes of the two contrasting point mutants providing an understanding of the basis of Aβ plaque formation and its prevention by curcumin.

Heat-induced solubilization of curcumin in kinetically stable pluronic P123 micelles and vesicles: An exploit of slow dynamics of the micellar restructuring processes in the aqueous pluronic system

Wide therapeutic potential combined with low cost and negligible toxicity makes curcumin one of the most sought after drugs in recent times. Its poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability are often overcome by using micelles and vesicles as its carriers. The substances that are commonly used for this purpose are a class of nonionic surfactants called pluronics. Solubilization of curcumin in aqueous systems of these surfactants is carried out by thin film hydration method presumably because slow dynamics of micellar restructuring processes in them creates hindrance for direct solubilization. In this manuscript, we show that this problem can be overcome and curcumin can be solubilized directly in pluronic P123 micellar solutions by heating them to the phase separation temperature in the presence of curcumin. The obtained curcumin containing micellar solutions show cytotoxicity on human breast carcinoma (MCF7) cells with IC50 values similar to that shown by free curcumin solution. Addition of mucoadhesive polymer κ-Carrageenan into these solutions converts them to curcumin containing gels and patches with rheological properties suitable for topical application. These solutions also exhibit systematic spherical-to-worm like micellar-to-vesicular structural transitions in the presence of NaCl. The large curcumin containing aggregates thus formed show kinetic stability with respect to dilution, which is an important attribute for drug delivery application. Characterization of the micellar and vesicular systems and gels were carried out by SANS, DLS and rheological measurements. The obtained results represent first systematic study on solubilization of curcumin in pluronic aggregates of various shapes and size.

Tailored Silica Nanoparticles Surface to Increase Drug Load and Enhance Bactericidal Response

Nanoparticles' surface properties can be used as triggers to regulate or even enhance biological response and generate tailored structures to substitute conventional antibiotics. Here, silica nanoparticles surface was duly tuned in order to increase the water-insoluble drug load (curcumin) and improve the antibacterial activity. Our main motivation was based on the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged amino groups and the negatively charged curcumin and/or bacteria membrane. In addition, the variation of amino grafting amount on silica nanoparticles indicated that the grafting increase was directly related to the extent of drug entrapped into the nanoparticles as well as to the bactericidal activity. The combination of amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles associated with the presence of curcumin allowed to produce a dual bactericidal system that shows promising perspective for its use in biomedical applications.

Effect of curcumin on the binding of cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants with myoglobin

Interaction of a globular protein, myoglobin and different surfactants has been studied in the absence and presence of curcumin in phosphate buffer at pH = 7.4 by UV-VIS spectrophotometry, fluorimetry and fluorescence polarization anisotropy methods. Results show that heme environment of myoglobin is changed by cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium N-dodecanoyl sarcosinate (SDDS). In the presence of curcumin, CTAB cannot change the heme; but SDDS can make change. Nonionic surfactant N-decanoyl-N-methylglucamine (Mega 10) cannot change the heme environment. Protein is unfolded by the surfactant. Curcumin can prevent the unfolding of protein in the low concentration region of ionic surfactants such as CTAB and SDDS. In nonionic surfactant media, curcumin accelerates the denaturation process. Due to myoglobin-curcumin complex formation, rotational motion of curcumin decreases in surfactant media and so anisotropy increases.

Fabrication of Fast and Sensitive Nanostructure Voltammetric Sensor for Determination of Curcumin in the Presence of Vitamin B9 in Food Samples

AbstractA novel voltammetric sensor was used for the determination of curcumin by using cadmium oxide nanoparticles‐ionic liquid (1,3‐dipropylimidazolium bromide as a binder) modified carbon paste electrode (CdO‐IL‐MCPE). At pH 7.0 as an optimum electrochemical condition, the oxidation signals for curcumin and vitamin B9 are separated at ca. 0.41 and 0.73 V respectively; facilitating fast and sensitive analysis of curcumin in presence of vitamin B9. The oxidation signal of curcumin represented a linear relationship with the concentration of curcumin (R2=0.9981) in the range of 0.2–320.0 µM, with a detection limit of 0.08 µM.

A comparative study on the effect of Curcumin and Chlorin-p6 on the transport of the LDS cation across a negatively charged POPG bilayer: Effect of pH

We report the use of interface selective Second Harmonic generation technique to investigate the transport of the LDS cation across POPG liposomes in the pH range of 4.0 to 8.0 in the presence and absence of two amphiphilic drugs, Curcumin and Chlorin-p6 (Cp6). Our results show that bilayer permeability of liposomes is significantly affected by the presence of the drugs and pH of the medium as evidenced by significant changes in the transport kinetics of the LDS. Studies carried out in the pH range 4.0–8.0 show that while Cp6 significantly enhanced the transport of LDS at pH4.0, the transport of the cation was seen to increase with increasing pH, with maximum effect at pH7.4 for Curcumin. The pH dependent bilayer localization of both the drugs was investigated by conducting steady state FRET studies using DPH labeled lipids as donors. The FRET results and the relative population of the various ionic/nonionic species of the drugs at different pH suggest that distance dependent interaction between the various ionic species of the drugs and polar head groups of the lipid is responsible for the observed pH dependence enhancement of the drug induced membrane permeability. Another interesting observation was that the stability of Curcumin in presence of POPG liposomes was observed to degrade significantly near physiological pH (7.4 and 8.0). Although this degradation did not affect the liposome integrity, interestingly this was observed to enhance the transport of the LDS cation across the bilayer. That the degradation products of Curcumin are equally effective as the drug itself in enhancing the membrane permeability lends additional support to the current opinion that the bioactive degradation products of the drug may have a significant contribution to its observed pharmacological effects.

Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of paclitaxel with PEGylated lipidic nanocapsules in presence of curcumin and poloxamer: In vitro and in vivo studies

Cancer chemotherapeutic drug containing PEGylated lipidic nanocapsules (D-LNCs) were formulated by the controlled addition of organic phase (combined solution of paclitaxel and curcumin in a mixture of oleic acid and MPEG2000-DSPE (90:2.5 molar ratio) in acetone) to the aqueous phase (consist of Poloxamer 407 as emulsifying agents and glycerol as a co-solvent) at a temperature of 55–60°C followed by evaporation of organic solvent. The obtained pre-colloidal dispersion of D-LNCs was processed through high pressure homogenization to get more uniformly and nano-sized particles. Effect of concentration of emulsifying agent and process variables of high pressure homogenization (pressure and number of cycles) on average particle size and entrapment efficiency was further investigated by constructing Box–Behnken experimental design to achieve the optimum manufacturing process. D-LNCs were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. In vitro release studies showed a sustained release pattern of drug from the PEGylated D-LNCs, whereas in vivo pharmacokinetic studies after a single-dose intravenous (i.v.) administration of paclitaxel (15mg/kg) in Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT)-bearing female Swiss albino mice showed a prolonged circulation time and slower elimination of paclitaxel from D-LNCs as compared with marketed formulation (Paclitec®). From the plasma concentration vs. time profile, i.v. bioavailability (AUC0-∞) of paclitaxel from D-LNCs was found to be increased approximately 2.91-fold (P<0.001) as compared to Paclitec®. In vitro cell viability assay against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cell lines, in vivo biodistribution studies and tumor inhibition study in EAT-bearing mice, all together prove its significantly improved potency towards cancer therapy.

Antisolvent precipitation technique: A very promising approach to crystallize curcumin in presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidon for solubility and dissolution enhancement

Curcumin with a vast number of pharmacological activities is a poorly water soluble drug which its oral bioavailability is profoundly limited by its dissolution or solubility in GI tract. Curcumin could be a good anticancer drug if its solubility could be increased. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to increase the dissolution rate of curcumin by employing antisolvent crystallization technique and to investigate the effect of polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP) as colloidal particles in crystallization medium on resultant particles. Curcumin was crystalized in the presence of different amounts of PVP by antisolvent crystallization method and their physical mixtures were prepared for comparison purposes. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The solubility and dissolution of the treated and untreated curcumin were also determined. Antisolvent crystallization of curcumin led to the formation of particles with no definite geometric shape. It was interesting to note that the DSC and XRPD studies indicated the formation of a new polymorph and less crystallinity for particles crystallized in the absence of PVP. However, the crystallized curcumin in the presence of PVP was completely amorphous. All crystalized curcumin samples showed much higher dissolution rate compared to untreated curcumin. The amount of curcumin dissolved within 10 for treated curcumin in the presence of PVP (1:1 curcumin:PVP) was 7 times higher than untreated curcumin and this enhancement in the dissolution for curcumin samples crystallized in the absence of PVP was around 5 times. Overall‚ the results of this study showed that antisolvent crystallization method in the absence or presence of small amounts of PVP is very efficient in increasing the dissolution rate of curcumin to achieve better efficiency for curcumin.

Bioavailability of curcumin and curcumin glucuronide in the central nervous system of mice after oral delivery of nano-curcumin

Curcumin is a bioactive molecule extracted from Turmeric roots that has been recognized to possess a wide variety of important biological activities. Despite its great pharmacological activities, curcumin is highly hydrophobic, which results in poor bioavailability. We have formulated this hydrophobic compound into stable polymeric nanoparticles (nano-curcumin) to enhance its oral absorption. Pharmacokinetic analysis after oral delivery of nano-curcumin in mice demonstrated approximately 20-fold reduction in dose requirement when compared to unformulated curcumin to achieve comparable plasma and central nervous system (CNS) tissue concentrations. This investigation corroborated our previous study of curcumin functionality of attenuating opioid tolerance and dependence, which shows equivalent efficacy of low-dose (20mg/kg) nano-curcumin and high-dose (400mg/kg) pure curcumin in mice. Furthermore, the highly selective and validated liquid chromatography⿿mass spectrometry (LC⿿MS) method was developed to quantify curcumin glucuronide, the major metabolite of curcumin. The results suggest that the presence of curcumin in the CNS is essential for prevention and reversal of opioid tolerance and dependence.

Determination of curcumin in biologically active supplements and food spices using a mesofluidic platform with fluorescence detection

A mesofluidic platform (MP) with fluorescence detection based on a stepwise injection analysis (SWIA) was used for the determination of curcumin in biologically active supplements and food spices. The main units of the MP are a mixing chamber (MC) and an optical channel with a quartz capillary inside. The MC provides rapid and complete mixing solutions by gas bubbling. The proposed method is based on the new rapid and sensitive reaction of curcumin with a fluorescence reagent – 4-(2,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium-1-yl)butane-1-sulfonate (TIBS). The fluorescence intensity of TIBS is greatly quenched in the presence of curcumin in an alkaline medium. The linear range was from 1 to 10µM of curcumin, and the limit of detection, calculated as 3σ of a blank test (n=5), was found to be 0.3µM. The sample throughput was 24h−1. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of curcumin in biologically active supplements and samples of food spices. The obtained data were in good agreement with those measured by a HPLC-UV method.

Curcumin Protects Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes against High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis via PI3K/Akt Signalling Pathway.

The function of curcumin on NADPH oxidase-related ROS production and cardiac apoptosis, together with the modulation of protein signalling pathways, was investigated in cardiomyocytes. Primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were exposed to 30 mmol/L high glucose with or without curcumin. Cell viability, apoptosis, superoxide formation, the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits, and potential regulatory molecules, Akt and GSK-3β, were assessed in cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes exposure to high glucose led to an increase in both cell apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels, which were strongly prevented by curcumin treatment (10 μM). In addition, treatment with curcumin remarkably suppressed the increased activity of Rac1, as well as the enhanced expression of gp91phox and p47phox induced by high glucose. Lipid peroxidation and SOD were reversed in the presence of curcumin. Furthermore, curcumin treatment markedly inhibited the reduced Bcl-2/Bax ratio elicited by high glucose exposure. Moreover, curcumin significantly increased Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes treated with high glucose. In addition, LY294002 blocked the effects of curcumin on cardiomyocytes exposure to high glucose. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that curcumin attenuated high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting NADPH-mediated oxidative stress and this protective effect is most likely mediated by PI3K/Akt-related signalling pathway.

Intermolecular Interactions and the Release Pattern of Electrospun Curcumin-Polyvinyl(pyrrolidone) Fiber.

An electrospun fiber of polyvinyl(pyrrolidone) (PVP)-Tween 20 (T20) with curcumin as the encapsulated drug has been developed. A study of intermolecular interactions was performed using Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Raman and FT-IR studies showed that curcumin preferrably interacted with T20 and altered PVP chain packing, as supported by XRD and physical stability data. The hydroxyl stretching band in PVP shifted to a lower wavenumber with higher intenstity in the presence of curcumin and PVP, indicating that hydrogen bond formation is more intense in a curcumin or curcumin-T20 containing fiber. The thermal pattern of the fiber did not indicate phase separation. The conversion of curcumin into an amorphous state was confirmed by XRD analysis. An in vitro release study in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 showed that intermolecular interactions between each material influenced the drug release rate. However, low porosity was found to limit the hydrogen bond-mediated release.

Dual effect of curcumin targets reactive oxygen species, adenosine triphosphate contents and intermediate steps of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in lung cancer cell lines

Exposure to arsenic is one of the major causes of lung cancer due to production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Herbal medicine is a new approach used for prevention or treatment of cancers. Among various herbal compounds, a lot of attention has been paid to curcumin, as antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-carcinogenic and anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic properties of curcumin have been well studied. In the present study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on lung cancer cell lines and arsenic-treated lung cancer cell lines, originated from different stages of lung cancer development. Here, we measured ROS generation and caspase 3/7 activity for both curcumin-treated cell lines and those co-treated with arsenic and curcumin. Then, we studied lipid peroxidation, intracellular ATP content, and cytochrome c release to further investigate how ROS generation and curcumin exert synergistic effects and direct cells toward apoptosis. According to our data, curcumin has a dual effect on ROS generation which is dependent on specific concentration as a threshold and seems to induce apoptosis by two different mechanisms. Moreover, for the first time we report that curcumin delays the drop in ATP levels in these cell lines and hence provides required energy for apoptosis process. Furthermore, western blot analysis reveals that release of cytochrome c is highest when ATP begins to drop in the presence of curcumin. To sum it up, it seems that curcumin is strong candidate for prevention or treatment of lung cancer, especially at stage 2.

Curcumin inhibits development and cell adhesion in Dictyostelium discoideum: Implications for YakA signaling and GST enzyme function

The molecular basis for nutraceutical properties of the polyphenol curcumin (Curcuma longa, Turmeric) is complex, affecting multiple factors that regulate cell signaling and homeostasis. Here, we report the effect of curcumin on cellular and developmental mechanisms in the eukaryotic model, Dictyostelium discoideum. Dictyostelium proliferation was inhibited in the presence of curcumin, which also suppressed the prestarvation marker, discoidin I, members of the yakA-mediated developmental signaling pathway, and expression of the extracellular matrix/cell adhesion proteins (DdCAD and csA). This resulted in delayed chemotaxis, adhesion, and development of the organism. In contrast to the inhibitory effects on developmental genes, curcumin induced gstA gene expression, overall GST activity, and generated production of reactive oxygen species. These studies expand our knowledge of developmental and biochemical signaling influenced by curcumin, and lends greater consideration of GST enzyme function in eukaryotic cell signaling, development, and differentiation.

Curcumin Improves the Tumoricidal Effect of Mitomycin C by Suppressing ABCG2 Expression in Stem Cell-Like Breast Cancer Cells.

Cancer cells with stem cell–like properties contribute to the development of resistance to chemotherapy and eventually to tumor relapses. The current study investigated the potential of curcumin to reduce breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) population for sensitizing breast cancer cells to mitomycin C (MMC) both in vitro and in vivo. Curcumin improved the sensitivity of paclitaxel, cisplatin, and doxorubicin in breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, as shown by the more than 2-fold decrease in the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of these chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, curcumin sensitized the BCSCs of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 to MMC by 5- and 15-fold, respectively. The BCSCs could not grow to the fifth generation in the presence of curcumin and MMC. MMC or curcumin alone only marginally reduced the BCSC population in the mammospheres; however, together, they reduced the BCSC population in CD44+CD24−/low cells by more than 75% (29.34% to 6.86%). Curcumin sensitized BCSCs through a reduction in the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCG2 and ABCC1. We demonstrated that fumitremorgin C, a selective ABCG2 inhibitor, reduced BCSC survival to a similar degree as curcumin did. Curcumin sensitized breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by reducing the BCSC population mainly through a reduction in the expression of ABCG2.

Abstract LB-270: Screening of novel phytochemical/s that can protect breast epithelial cells from PhIP induced cytotoxicity

Abstract Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4, 5-b] pyridine (PhIP) is a known food carcinogen abundantly found in cooked meat. Several studies have shown that PhIP can induce tumors in breast, prostate and colon cells and rodent models. Metabolism of PhIP results in the formation of free radicals (ROS) and PhIP metabolites are known to produce DNA adduct and DNA strand breaks. The metabolism and mutational effects of PhIP are well defined. Phytochemicals are known to inhibit cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that the right combination of antioxidants and or phytochemical (naturally present in fruits, vegetables and spices) along with grilled meat should be capable of suppressing the PhIP induced cytotoxicity and development of breast cancer. Therefore, a model system using human breast epithelial cells (MCF 10A) was developed to mimic the cellular changes and test various antioxidants in presence or absence of PhIP. We have tested four vitamins (C, K3, D3, and E), Gingerol (6 and 10), N-acetyl cysteine, glutathione and curcumin at varying concentrations. The protective effect of these compounds was evaluated using cell viability assay, DCF assay to quantify ROS production, Comet assay to quantify the DNA damage and DNA adduct formation by immunofluorescence method. Results indicate that presence of these compounds improves cell viability as compared to PhIP treated group. However, curcumin showed significant differences and PhIP induced cell cytotoxicity was consistently reverted to normal in presence of Curcumin. Gene expression analysis using RT PCR technique indicates that curcumin interact via multi molecular targets. Hence, the present study suggests that Curcumin is a promising natural compound to regress the effect of PhIP induced cell cytotoxicity in breast cells. Citation Format: Ashok K. Jain. Screening of novel phytochemical/s that can protect breast epithelial cells from PhIP induced cytotoxicity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-270. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-270

Curcumin Protects β-Lactoglobulin Fibril Formation and Fibril-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells.

In this study the β-lactoglobulin fibrillation, in the presence or absence of lead ions, aflatoxin M1 and curcumin, was evaluated using ThT fluorescence, Circular dichroism spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. To investigate the toxicity of the different form of β-Lg fibrils, in the presence or absence of above toxins and curcumin, we monitored changes in the level of reactive oxygen species and morphology of the differentiated neuron-like PC12 cells. The cell viability, cell body area, average neurite length, neurite width, number of primary neurites, percent of bipolar cells and node/primary neurite ratios were used to assess the growth and complexity of PC12 cells exposed to different form of β-Lg fibrils. Incubation of β-Lg with curcumin resulted in a significant decrease in ROS levels even in the presence of lead ions and aflatoxin M1. The β-Lg fibrils formed in the presence of lead ions and aflatoxin M1 attenuated the growth and complexity of PC12 cells compared with other form of β-Lg fibrils. However, the adverse effects of these toxins and protein fibrils were negated in the presence of curcumin. Furthermore, the antioxidant and inhibitory effects of curcumin protected PC12 cells against fibril neurotoxicity and enhanced their survival. Thus, curcumin may provide a protective effect toward β-Lg, and perhaps other protein, fibrils mediated neurotoxicity.

Curcumin protection against oxidative stress induced neural damage in developing brain of rat with naf exposure

Curcumin is a pivotal spice and ayurveda medication mostly used in India and other Asian countries. The curcumin is been part of people for centuries as a detoxificant, pain reliever, anti-inflammatory agent and it has also demonstrated to have anti-cancer properties. Fluoride is becoming an irreversible environmental pollutant causing various alignments in both humans and animals on chronic exposure. The ameliorative studies in developing rats were studied in presence of Curcumin against sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress. Curcumin (10mg/kg body wt) was orally administered to NaF (20 ppm fluoride) induced rats for 53 days. The behavioural study such as Rota rod was conducted at 21 st and 30 th day. The brains of 1, 7, 14, 21 and 30 th day old pups were collected and analysed to check the levels of oxidation markers such as SOD, catalase and LPO. The levels of SOD and Catalase increased and whereas LPO were decreased with treatment of Curcumin. The results suggest that the Curcumin ameliorated the NaF induced alterations and proved to an excellent protective agent.