Preliminary Essay Research Articles

Hegel and the Problem of Beginning: Scepticism and Presuppositionlessness

Robb Dunphy's new book, Hegel and the Problem of Beginning: Scepticism and Presuppositionlessness, is a serious piece of scholarship intended for advanced readers of Hegel's Science of Logic (1812–6). The book completes three tasks: (1) It presents the opening of Hegel's Logic as a complex problem about how to begin a non-arbitrary science without presupposing anything. (2) It offers a comparative study of the relationship between dialectics and Pyrrhonian Scepticism. (3) It explicates Hegel's preliminary essay to the Logic ‘With what must the beginning of the science be made?’ (pp. 1–2). This review will discuss the value of completing these three tasks for the advancement of Hegel scholarship; it will also critically engage with what I believe is a limitation of Dunphy's reading of Hegel. Hegel's Logic is a challenging book to read, especially for the uninitiated, but one of the best ways to unlock the book is by coming to terms with the significance of Hegel's starting point. Hegel claims that a science of logic must begin from a non-arbitrary position, that is, also, radically free of all suppositions. In this way, Hegel's Logic shares a lot with the opening of Descartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy (1641). It aims to secure something that is indubitable, free of assumption, and can also act as a foundation for the rigorous dialectical unfolding of science. As Dunphy emphasises throughout his book, commencing the Logic is a real challenge for Hegel. The opening must be both mediated, in the sense that it must be proven by argumentation to be non-arbitrary, but also immediate, in the sense that it must be free of dogmatic assumptions about the nature of reality and thus immune to scepticism. How can something offer support without being a presupposition? This is the problem that Dunphy aims to solve in Hegel's text.

‘La tradizione è come il mare’: Giuseppe Pitrè’s Transnational Approach to Folk and Fairy Tales in the New Italy

ABSTRACT Recent English and Italian translations of Giuseppe Pitrè’s Fiabe, novelle e racconti popolari have revived attention to the Sicilian folklorist. In Italy, collecting oral traditions emerged as a practice of regional cultural preservation during the political unification, modernisation, and redefinition of local identities within the new nation. This essay examines Pitrè’s introductory commentaries to his Fiabe in order to contextualise his comparative methodology and transnational approach to Sicilian folk and fairy tales. Pitrè’s ‘Preface’ and preliminary essay ‘Of folk tales’ offer insights into local history, women as storytellers, and Sicilian tales in relation to other regional traditions and transcultural folk repertoires. Mindful of Pitrè’s reinforcement of Sicilian stereotypes, this essay highlights his articulation of cultural difference as intervention and resistance to cultural totalisations. Pitrè’s simile of the sea-tradition best encapsulates his connections with transnational oral narratives and their power to cross national borders and disturb rigid national identity constructs.

Some aspects of the authorship of the treatise “Xiao Jing”

The article deals with the authorship of the Confucian treatise Xiao Jing (“The Classic of Filial Piety”). Xiao Jing is one of the classical treatises that constitutes a part of the Confucian corpus Shisan Jing (“The Thirteen Classics”). This confirms the importance and high significance of this text for the traditional philosophical thought of China. The earliest mention of the title “Xiao Jing” was recorded in the work from the 3rd century BC, Lu shi chun qiu (“Spring and Autumn of Mr Liu”), which indicates the terminus ante quem non for the treatise Xiao Jing. According to some Russian scholars, the treatise Xiao Jing was compiled in the IV-II centuries BC. The Chinese scholarship acknowledges eight main versions of authorship, and therefore dating of Xiao Jing. The author stresses the importance to establish the authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise since this can be a piece of additional information for a comprehensive understanding of the philosophical heritage of the Confucian tradition of this text. After presenting an outline of the main versions of authorship of the Xiao Jing treatise, the author states that this issue can hardly be solved unambiguously. Therefore, this article can be considered as a preliminary essay for further research. The appendix offers a complete Russian translation of the Xiao Jing made by the author of the present article.

수운 최제우의 콘텐츠 활용에 대한 시론(試論) - 대구 지역을 중심으로

수운 최제우의 콘텐츠 활용에 대한 시론(試論) - 대구 지역을 중심으로

Approaches to Teaching the Works of Christine de Pizan . Edited by Andrea Tarnowski Approaches to Teaching the Works of Christine de Pizan . Edited by TarnowskiAndrea. (Approaches to Teaching World Literature, 148.) New York: Modern Language Association of America, 2018. vii + 272 pp.

This collection of essays opens with an excellent introduction by Andrea Tarnowski, which fully orients the reader within the field of Christine de Pizan studies. Teachers of Christine’s work from a variety of backgrounds will benefit from the ‘Instructor’s Library’, which serves as a guide with which to navigate the overwhelming Christine bibliography. Mark Aussem’s preliminary essay also offers some valuable advice on online resources teachers may wish to use (although it is worth noting that, across the volume, several of the URLs are no longer valid). Following these preliminaries, the essays are presented in three categories. The first eight pieces form a section entitled ‘Gender and Self-Representations: Cultural Contexts’, and address the teaching of some of the topics within which Christine more traditionally features, including gender (David F. Hult, Tarnowski) and autobiography (Jeff Rider), but also patronage (Deborah McGrady) and her treatment of sources (Julia Simms Holderness). The contributions by Mary Gibbons Landor and Tarnowski offer something refreshingly different, approaching Christine from the perspective of visual material — still very much an emergent field. Daisy Delogu’s chapter is of particular of note: it convincingly makes the case for Le Livre des fais et bonnes meurs du sage roy Charles V, which rarely features on syllabi, as an excellent starting point for Christine studies, as it is pertinent to so many of the topics usually broached through her works. Overall, this section offers a good spread of articles on traditional and more novel approaches to teaching Christine. The six essays in the second section, ‘Christine across the Disciplines’, continue along this line, showing how Christine can be integrated into courses on art history (Benjamin M. Semple), political theory (Cary J. Nederman), and music (Patricia E. Black). The contributions by Susan J. Dudash and Barbara K. Altmann form an engaging pair of essays on textual analysis of Christine’s lyric poems; the former shows how one of the ballades can be used as a lens through which to examine a number of topics, whilst the latter uses another poem as a means of exploring medieval intertextuality. Finally, David Joseph Wrisley’s essay shows how digital mapping tools can be used to investigate notions of geography and space in Christine’s works. The essays in the third section, ‘Classroom Contexts’, largely discuss some of the challenges of teaching Christine’s works in different settings, and the opportunities these might present. Roberta L. Krueger’s essay on Le Livre des trois vertus is particularly notable for its suggestions on how to bring to life what might at first appear a rather dry instruction book. Meanwhile, Nadia Margolis shows how the Ditié Jehanne d’Arc can be used to explicate various aspects of the historical background of late medieval France and England. Aussem’s essay concludes by suggesting that the 350,000 results generated by searching online for ‘Christine de Pizan’ (that figure has since increased to over 481,000) need to be organized so as to make them more navigable. Until someone takes up that baton, this book will go some way towards helping teachers (and, I am tempted to say, students) of Christine navigate this vast field of research.

Comparison of Okinaga and Breathing Based Mindfulness Training: A Preliminary Essay about Ninja Mindfulness

Comparison of Okinaga and Breathing Based Mindfulness Training: A Preliminary Essay about Ninja Mindfulness

社会、他者、倫理および人格の存在論的意義について : - 存在概念の由来に関する試論 -

社会、他者、倫理および人格の存在論的意義について : - 存在概念の由来に関する試論 -

Transcendental Trinitarian: James Marsh, the Free Will Problem, and the American Intellectual Context of Coleridge’s Aids to Reflection

Historians of American religion and Transcendentalism have long known of James Marsh as a catalyst for the Concord Transcendentalist movement. The standard narrative suggests that the Congregationalist Marsh naively imported Samuel Taylor Coleridge's Aids to Reflection (Am. ed. 1829) hoping to revivify orthodoxy in America. By providing a “Preliminary Essay” to explain Coleridge’s abstruse theology, Marsh injected Coleridge’s hijacked Kantian epistemology—with its distinction between Reason and Understanding—into American discourse. This epistemology inspired Transcendentalists such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Bronson Alcott, and it helped spark the Transcendentalists’ largely post-Christian religious convictions. This article provides a re-evaluation of Marsh’s philosophical theology by attending to the precise historical moment that Marsh chose to publish the Aids to Reflection and his “Preliminary Essay.” By the late 1820s, the philosophical problem of free will lurked in American religious discourse—Unitarian as well as Trinitarian—and Marsh sought to exploit the problem as a way to explain how aspects of Trinitarian Christianity might be rational and yet unexplainable. Attending carefully to the numerous philosophical and religious discourses of the moment—including Unitarianism, Trinitarianism, Kant, Coleridge, and Scottish Common Sense—and providing close readings of the historical philosophers Marsh engaged, this article shows how James Marsh laid the epistemological groundwork for a new romanticized Christianity that was distinct from the Concord Transcendentalists, but nonetheless part of its historical lineage.

|F| No. 4 n |F| : 形体体系試論 No. 12

|F| No. 4 n |F| : 形体体系試論 No. 12

「子どものデザイン」の教育的可能性に関する試論 : と から創造的問題解決へ

「子どものデザイン」の教育的可能性に関する試論 : と から創造的問題解決へ

オーラル・アプローチ再評価試論 : 戦後英語教育史の一環としての山家保氏の宮城県に於ける実践研究指導

オーラル・アプローチ再評価試論 : 戦後英語教育史の一環としての山家保氏の宮城県に於ける実践研究指導

A Preliminary Essay about Building Process of Business Model of Interaction-type Platform

A Preliminary Essay about Building Process of Business Model of Interaction-type Platform

Deconstructing persecution and betrayal in the discourse of Anders Behring Breivik: A preliminary essay

On 22 July 2011, a 32 year‐old Norwegian launched two planned murderous rampages claiming the lives of 77 victims. Shortly before his attacks, Anders Behring Breivik uploaded to the internet a self‐styled compendium written in English in which he explained the motivation for his attacks. By deconstructing this text and the documentation contained in the first [court‐ordered] psychiatric evaluation of Breivik, we can undertake to analyse his sense of persecution. In pursing this analysis, we start with Breivik's description of his personal concept of contemporary European history and politics, and then proceed to the autobiographical and phantasmic aspects of his discourse. The analysis reveals the transformation of love into hate, the original persecutor, the installation of a projection mechanism, notions of betrayal and their subsequent development into an ideology. With Breivik's conceptions thus revealed, we conclude by comparing different psychoanalytic hypotheses which deepen or challenge the Freudian thesis of a defence against a feeling of homosexual love in persecution, and which to the contrary favour the importance of the relationship with the mother, anal sadism or the ‘narcissistic rage’ behind the genesis of these ideas. We leave open the question of whether there is a constant relationship between feelings of persecution and the tendency to commit criminal acts.

Contribuição ao conhecimento da evolução geológica do Sistema Riacho do Pontal – PE, BA, PI

The Riacho do Pontal System (RPS) is just the central part of a long Neoproterozoic orogenic development placed at the northern periphery of the Sao Francisco Craton (SFC), from northeast (Sergipano belt) to southwest (Rio Preto belt). The basement of the foreland (SFC) and the backland (“Morro do Estreito-Icaicara”) is mostly formed by Archean rocks, with some insertions of supracrustal and orthogneisses of Tonian age (Cariris Velhos cycle?). RPS exhibits a remarkable tectonic-metamorphic zoning from north to the south: the backland; the internal zone (supracrustal terrigenous assemblages); the central zone (ocean floor rock assemblages); the external zone (supracrustal terrigenous assemblages); and the cratonic domain (SFC), remarked by the presence of a wide (> 200 km) foreland thrust and fold belt (to the south), formed by the Neoproterozoic pelitic-carbonatic cratonic cover. The processes of deformation were intense, presenting vergence towards south and southwest, resulting in reclined and overturned folds, reverse and thrust faults, nappes, and specially the occurrences of some klippen over the basement of the northern part of the CSF. The regional metamorphism was undertaken under amphibolite conditions, with some local retrogression to the greenschists facies. This paper presents a series of new geochronological determinations (Rb-Sr, Sm- Nd and U-Pb methods) of practically all rock types of the basement, supracrustals, and of the associated syncollisional granites. It was possible to discriminate some Archean nuclei (2740 – 2624 Ma), as basement (backland), and two different set of Neoproterozoic volcano-sedimentary rock units associated with granites, the first one of Eotonian age (980 – 940 Ma) and the second one positioned in the Cryogenian-Ediacaran boundary (ca. 635 Ma). A preliminary essay of “wilsonian” tectonic evolution is here introduced for this south-western portion of the Borborema Province (the regional branching system of orogens).

Preliminary essay about the description of town space which was lost by suffering

Preliminary essay about the description of town space which was lost by suffering

Un poema devoto de Cubillo de Aragón y la peste malagueña de 1637

This is an edition of an unpublished poem by Alvaro Cubillo de Aragon, entitled Conversion de un pecador a los pies de un santo Cristo crucificado... and printed in Granada in 1637. This preliminary essay discusses the circumstances around its writing (apparently, the plague struck Malaga in that same year) and it studies the themes and rhetoric forms this poem shares with other religious poetry and literature of its day.

Economic Theory and the Financial Crisis

I want to probe in the role of the market in allocating resources in this very preliminary essay. One does not have to see study deeply to that the failure of for various kinds of derivative securities to perform properly is an essential element of the current financial crisis. Actually, financial crises are not a new phenomenon. The history of capitalism has been marked by repeated collapses of the financial system, situations in which the markets for loans disappear for extensive periods of time. The 18th century saw some bubbles, but these might not be quite modern. But from 1819 on, there have a succession of failures of banks and other financial institutions. These have typically been unpredicted and did not correspond in time to any particular exogenous event (e.g., wars). Economists from Joho Stuart Mill (1848) on did recognize the phenomenon. But the discussion was and is not at all integrated with the general exposition of classical economics. No one could be a more vigorous advocate of unrestrained than Milton Friedman; yet, to my reading, the account that he and Anna Schwartz gave of monetary developments in the United States and particularly with regard to the Great Depression emphasizes, not prices, not even interest rates, but the supply of money, and, by inference, of liquidity. (Friedman and Schwartz (1963)). I start with the neoclassical general equilibrium framework, to which I have given a good deal of attention and effort. I seek to identify a possible point at which it fails to supply a coherent theory of securities and so might possibly lead to some understanding of the repeated crises of the financial system underlying the development of capitalism.

A Preliminary Essay on Intertextuality as a Socio-Cognitive Phenomenon

In the past five decades, the concept of intertextuality has motivated several questions in Literary Criticism and in other fields such as Textual Linguistics and Discourse Analysis. Many of the answers proposed for those questions are based on an aesthetic and discursive approach. However, intertextuality can be studied from a broader perspective, that is, it can be seen as a concrete manifestation of cognitive principles, abilities and operations that underlie the phenomenon. The present essay aims at (1) understanding the basic social-cognitive principles that underlie intertextuality, (2) identifying which Cognitive Psychology theory allows the depiction of the basic cognitive operations implied in different manifestations of intertextuality, especially in paintings and lyrics and (3) identifying which theoretical categories of Textual Linguistics and Discourse Analysis (i.e., characters, narrator, enunciator, enunciatee, etc.) are fundamental in the analysis of intertextuality.

Economic theory and the financial crisis

I want to probe in the role of the market in allocating resources in this very preliminary essay. One does not have to see study deeply to that the failure of markets for various kinds of derivative securities to perform properly is an essential element of the current financial crisis. Actually, financial crises are not a new phenomenon. The history of capitalism has been marked by repeated collapses of the financial system, situations in which the "markets" for loans disappear for extensive periods of time. The 18th century saw some bubbles, but these might not be quite modern. But from 1819 on, there have a succession of failures of banks and other financial institutions. These have typically been unpredicted and did not correspond in time to any particular exogenous event (e.g., wars). Economists from Joho Stuart Mill (1848) on did recognize the phenomenon. But the discussion was and is not at all integrated with the general exposition of classical economics. No one could be a more vigorous advocate of unrestrained markets than Milton Friedman; yet, to my reading, the account that he and Anna Schwartz gave of monetary developments in the United States and particularly with regard to the Great Depression emphasizes, not prices, not even interest rates, but the supply of money, and, by inference, of liquidity. (Friedman and Schwartz (1963)). I start with the neoclassical general equilibrium framework, to which I have given a good deal of attention and effort. I seek to identify a possible point at which it fails to supply a coherent theory of securities markets and so might possibly lead to some understanding of the repeated crises of the financial system underlying the development of capitalism.

A Preliminary Essay for the Establishment of 'Concept' and 'Category in Studies on the Comic in Korean Literature

A Preliminary Essay for the Establishment of 'Concept' and 'Category in Studies on the Comic in Korean Literature