Health Of Pregnant Women Research Articles

Hypnotherapy Intervention Can Reducing Anxiety and Cortisol in Pregnancy

Pregnant women can experience anxiety during pregnancy. To enhance mental health during pregnancy, interventions related to the relation of the mental body are important. The goal of this research was to determine the effect of hypnotherapy on anxiety and cortisol. The present sample consists of 60 primiparous women with single and regular pregnancies, 18-28 weeks gestation, and a randomized control trial. The group consists of the monitoring group (n = 30) and the hypnotherapy group (n = 30). Intervention with hypnotherapy was performed twice for 7 weeks. Assessment of anxiety at baseline and after 7 weeks of intervention by PASS and blood cortisol. Hypnotherapy intervention and quality treatment obtained by the hypnotherapy community; standard care received by the control group. The result show that The hypnosis in pregnancy intervention could significantly decrease anxiety at the lower level than control group (m=21.07 ± SD=11.98 vs m=34.00 ± SD=17.35),. The hypnotherapy in pregnancy intervention could significantly decrease cortisol lower than control groups (m=14.64, ± SD=5.53 vs m=21.51, ± SD=8,83). The conclusion is intervention with hypnotherapy may enhance pregnant women's mental health, as shown by reducing anxiety and cortisol. Hypnotherapy is an intervention that needs to be provided during pregnancy in midwifery programs to improve the health of mothers and babies.

Pregnant Women's Health Study Supports Nanjangudu Taluk's Anganwadi Scheme for Maternal Well-Being

Health support during pregnancy for the Anganwadi scheme to promNutritiontion and health education (NHE) activities under integrated child development services (ICDS) is encouraged to participate Mothers of children younger than six years. Pregnant and lactating women go through the excellent health of government schemes. This study aimed to determine and analyze the role of health support during pregnancy in the Anganwadi scheme with reference to Nanjangudu Taluk. This study used a qualitative method where the researcher prepared a self-generated questionnaire on a Google form to determine various parameters. The sample consisted of 20 female and male representatives from Nanjangudu Taluk. The purposive simple random sampling technique was adopted to select samples from different blocks, and based on the study results revealed that both facility providers are not sensitive to issues related to rural villages/women. Anganwadi plays an essential role in the healthy development of pregnant women in rural areas. Because Anganwadi is a critical factor in successfully implementing programs and schemes and reaching beneficiaries in rural areas, this research has implications for the existence of Anganwadi, can increase access and availability of quality food, teach about heal Nutritiontion Nutritiontion, and can improve the health of mothers and babies.

Prevalence of Sleep Disorders and the Effect of Sleep Health Education on Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women With Sleep Disorders.

Sleep quality affects pregnant women's health and quality of life. The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and the effect of sleep health education on sleep quality in pregnant women with sleep disorders. To examine the frequency of sleep disorders among pregnant women, a cross-sectional study was conducted with an initial enrollment of 370 participants. Subsequently, 162 pregnant women were recruited for a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design study. The intervention group (n = 82) performed sleep health education for four weeks and the control group (n = 80) received standard care. Sleep quality was assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality. The prevalence of sleep disorder was 61.9 percent (CI 95% 56.85-66.69). It was determined that health education improved some sleep quality subscales including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration and habitual sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, and global sleep quality. The difference was still significant after adjusting for the PSQI baseline (η2 = .311, P < .001). These findings provide evidence of a relatively high prevalence of sleep disorders in pregnancy. Therefore, screening for sleep disorders and providing supportive programs and models to improve sleep quality during pregnancy should be considered as part of prenatal care.

The impact of the second COVID-19 lockdown on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: A case study of pregnant women in northern Italy

Backgroundthe different lockdown phases due to COVID-19 may have negatively impacted pregnant women's mental health. Concerning antenatal stress, most studies focused more on the effect of pandemic onset than on the impact of the following phases and restrictions. Aimthe present study aimed to assess levels of anxiety and depression in a group of Italian pregnant women during the second COVID-19 phase and possible risk factors. MethodWe recruited 156 pregnant women through our Perinatal Psychology Outpatient Clinic. We divided the sample into women recruited before the pandemic (N = 88) through a face-to-face antenatal class and pregnant women recruited during the second lockdown (Covid-19 study group) (November 2020–April 2021) through the same antenatal class via Skype (N = 68). To investigate depressive and anxiety symptoms, we administered the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y) scales; women's medical history and obstetric data were collected. Findingswomen belonging to the Covid-19 study group reported higher depressive and anxious levels than the pre-pandemic group. Moreover, during the second lockdown previous psychopathology and being close to childbirth were related to increased depression; a history of abortion was related to higher levels of trait anxiety instead. Conclusionrecurrent restrictive measures due to COVID-19 negatively affected the antenatal mental well-being of pregnant women, particularly worsening depressive and anxious feelings. Pregnant women during the pandemic represented a vulnerable population to be monitored more closely and timely to prevent psychological problems in the postpartum period and their consequences on the child. Keywordsanxiety, depression, pregnancy, COVID-19, mental health, lockdown.

The comparison of effects of iron supplementation since pre-pregnant and during pregnant period on reducing iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women with mild anemia in Bali

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is still a problem of pregnant women's health related to its high prevalence and its negative effects on health. Prevention efforts have been carried out through administration of oral iron tablets to women during their pregnancy; however, the expected results have not been satisfied yet. This failure is probably due to the assumption that, especially in developing countries, the iron store in pre-pregnant women is very low or may be empty, so that iron supplementation during pregnancy is not enough to prevent IDA. The aim of study is to know the difference of effect of iron supplementation in treated and control groups in terms of hemoglobin concentration, serum ferritin level and prevalence of IDA. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 99 non-pregnant new couple women. Iron tablets were administered to the treated group from the beginning of pre-pregnant period, continuing until the first 3 months of pregnancy, while in the control group iron tablets were only given during the first 3 months of pregnancy. IDA was measured by serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentration using WHO’s criteria, the benefit of iron tablet was measured by BCR technique. Result: The administration of an oral iron tablet from the prepregnant period (treated group) could decrease prevalence of IDA higher than the administration of oral iron tablet during pregnancy only (control group) (0% vs 38.46%, p&lt;0.05). A significant difference was also observed on mean serum ferritin concentration at the end of observation (the third month of pregnancy) 33.45±14.12 µg/dL in the treated group, and 19.65±8.99 µg/dL in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). Meanwhile, the hemoglobin concentration was 12.25±1.20 g/dL in the treated group and 10.91±0.67 g/dL in the control group. This difference was also statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). Benefit analysis showed that administration of an oral iron tablet starting from pre-pregnancy is more advantageous (BCR &gt;1) compared to oral administration of iron tablet during the pregnancy period only. There were no significant differences in side effects and compliance of the patient to consume iron pills in both treated and control groups. Conclusion: The administration of oral iron tablets (iron supplementation) to pregnant women starting from pre-pregnant period results in a better effect compared to oral iron supplementation during pregnancy only. This program is feasible to be implemented in a community setting because its compliance is good.

Improving health literacy responsiveness to reduce ethnic and social disparity in stillbirth and infant health: A cluster randomized controlled effectiveness trial of the MAMAACT intervention

ObjectiveThe MAMAACT intervention aims to reduce ethnic and social disparities in stillbirth and infant death by improving communication between pregnant women and midwives regarding warning signs of pregnancy complications. This study evaluates the effect of the intervention on pregnant women's health literacy (two domains from the Health Literacy Questionnaire) and complication management — interpreted as improved health literacy responsiveness among midwives. DesignCluster randomized controlled trial, 2018–2019. Setting19 of 20 Danish maternity wards. ParticipantsCross-sectional survey data were collected using telephone interviews (n = 4150 pregnant women including 670 women with a non-Western immigrant background). InterventionA six-hour training session for midwives in intercultural communication and cultural competence, two follow-up dialog meetings, and health education materials for pregnant women on warning signs of pregnancy complications — in six languages. Main outcome measuresDifferences in mean scores at post-implementation of the domains Active engagement with healthcare providers (Active engagement) and Navigating the healthcare system from the Health Literacy Questionnaire, and differences in the certainty of how to respond to pregnancy complication signs between women in the intervention and control group. ResultsNo difference was observed in women's level of Active engagement or Navigating the healthcare system. Women from the intervention group were more certain of how to respond to complication signs: Redness, swelling, and heat in one leg: 69.4 % vs 59.1 %; aOR 1.57 (95 % CI 1.32–1.88), Severe headache: 75.6 % vs 67.3 %; aOR 1.50 (95 % CI 1.24–1.82), and Vaginal bleeding: 97.3 % vs 95.1 %; aOR 1.67 (95 % CI 1.04–2.66). ConclusionThe intervention improved women's certainty of how to respond to complication signs, but was unable to improve pregnant women's health literacy levels of Active engagement and Navigating the healthcare system, likely due to barriers related to the organization of antenatal care. A reorganization of antenatal care and a care model sensitive to diversity within the entire healthcare system might help reduce disparities in perinatal health. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03751774.

Determination of Pregnant Women's Health Service Receiving Status and Related Factors

Amaç: Gebelikte sağlık hizmeti alınması ve sağlık hizmetine erişimin sağlanması anne ve bebek için kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Birçok faktör sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşımı ve sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanmayı etkilemektedir. Bu araştırma gebelerin sağlık bakım hizmeti almasını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı-ilişki arayıcı desene sahip olarak planladı.&#x0D; Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma İstanbul’daki bir kadın doğum ve çocuk hastalıkları hastanesinin gebe polikliniğinde 05/06/2021- 05/09/2021 tarihleri arasında 322 gebe ile gerçekleştirildi. Olasılıksız örnekleme yöntemi kullanıldı. Veriler Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Gebelerin Hastanelerden Sağlık Hizmeti Almasını Etkileyen Faktörler Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin analizinde, SPSS 21.0 istatistik paket programı kullanıldı.&#x0D; Bulgular: Gebelerin Sağlık Hizmeti Almasını Etkileyen Faktörler Ölçeği alt boyut puanları; hizmet kalitesi 24.55±3.92, tutum 33.05±8.17, ekonomi 9.43±2.08, ailesel 19.94±3.12, bireysel 26.57±4.51 ve mahremiyet 9.12±2.70 olarak saptandı. Bu alt boyutlardan mahremiyet alt boyutu hariç diğerlerinin, ölçek ortanca değerinden daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Ülkemizin batısında yaşayan gebelerin hizmet kalitesi (KW:13.829, p=0.008), tutum (KW:13.357, p=0.010), ekonomi (KW:10.163, p=0.038) ve bireysel (KW:13.292, p=0.010) boyutlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı oranda yüksek olduğu saptandı. &#x0D; Sonuç: Gebelerin sağlık hizmeti almasında hizmet kalitesi, tutum, ekonomi ve bireysel faktörlerin olumlu etki yaptığı belirlendi. Türkiye’nin batısında yaşayan gebelerin sağlık hizmeti alımının daha olumlu olduğu bulundu.

Psychiatric Symptoms in Women with High-risk Pregnancy in the Postpartum Period: A Case-control Study.

Psychiatric symptoms are common mental issues in pregnancy and the postpartum period. There is limited information regarding the psychiatric symptoms of women with high-risk pregnancy in the postpartum period. This study aimed to compare the severity of psychiatric symptoms and psychological distress in women with high-risk and low-risk pregnancies in the postpartum period. This case-control study examined 250 women in the postpartum period in two groups with low-risk (n = 112) and high-risk (n = 138) pregnancies. Women completed the Brief Symptom Inventory-53 (BSI-53) and the Risk Postnatal Psychosocial Depression Risk Questionnaire (PPDRQ). The mean severity of psychiatric symptoms in women with high-risk pregnancies was significantly higher than that in women with low-risk pregnancies (39.34 ± 17.51 vs. 30.26 ± 17.08). Additionally, the frequency of psychological distress in women with high-risk pregnancies was approximately twice higher than that in women with low-risk pregnancies (30.3% vs. 15.2%). Furthermore, the risk factors for depression in women with high-risk pregnancies were almost 1.5 times (59.8% vs. 39.8%) higher than the factors in women with low-risk pregnancies. The results of the logistic analysis indicated that high-risk pregnancies could be twice the odds ratio of developing postpartum psychological distress (ß = 2.14, 95% CI 1.4-6.3, p= 0.036). Psychiatric symptoms and the psychological distress index are higher in postpartum women with high-risk pregnancies than in postpartum women with low-risk pregnancies. The study suggests that obstetricians and pregnant women's health care providers should strongly consider screening of psychiatric symptoms in women with high-risk pregnancies both during pregnancy and after delivery as the women's routine care priorities.

The Effect of Sombere Education on Stress Levels in Primigravida Pregnant Women

Mental health problems during pregnancy are major public health issues that require immediate attention. Anxiety and stress can have an impact on pregnancy and childbirth. This study examines the impact of Sombere education on the stress levels of pregnant women. A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group was employed in this study. This study's sample consisted of 80 primigravida pregnant women who met the sample criteria. Purposive sampling was utilized in this study. The chi-square test and the Wilcoxon rank test were implemented to analyze the data. The findings of this study revealed that there was a difference in stress in the intervention group after treatment (p=0.000&lt;0.005), as well as a difference in stress in the control group during the post-test (p=0.001&lt;0.005). Sombere education has an effect on stress levels in primigravida pregnant women (p=0.016&lt;0.005). The requirement Midwives provide education on maternal mental health, particularly the stress of pregnancy. In addition, midwives must conduct stress assessments or collaborate with psychologists to ensure pregnant women's mental health.

Peran Ayah dalam Meningkatkan Kesehatan pada Ibu Hamil

This study aims to determine fathers' role in improving pregnant women's health. The method used is a traditional literature review summarizing the latest understanding of a topic. The database used to obtain research articles uses accredited sites, namely Elsevier, SINTA, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. The study results show the influence exerted by the father in his role in improving the health of pregnant women. Based on the results of the analysis of the five kinds of literature that have been obtained, it is known that the role of the father in improving the health of pregnant women is divided into three categories, namely the influence of the father's role in improving the health of pregnant women, supporting factors for the position of fathers in improving the health of pregnant women, and inhibiting factors for the father's role in improving maternal health. The health of pregnant women. In conclusion, it is hoped that the husband or father can apply for assistance and support the mother and fetus during pregnancy based on the exposure described in this literature review so that the husband or father can be more aware of giving consent to the mother during pregnancy.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Pregnancy, Pregnant Women's Health, Father's Role

Factors associated with the mental health status of pregnant women in China: A latent class analysis.

Prenatal mental health is a neglected public health issue that places pregnant women at a higher risk for mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of prenatal mental disorders and provide a scientific basis to guide and promote the mental health of pregnant women. The study sample comprised 973 women in their first pregnancy, who were in their second trimester and third trimester, who underwent obstetric outpatient checkups at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Huai'an, who were recruited in the survey that was conducted from July to December 2017. The Chinese mental health scale (CMHS) was used to assess the mental health of pregnant women. The present study uses the chi-square test to compare the rates of class with different demographic variables, a latent class analysis to identify psychological symptoms, and multiple logistic regression analysis to examine whether the demographics predicted class membership. The chi-square test results showed that participants who reported feeling different in the perinatal period (χ2 = 6.35, P = 0.04), having marital satisfaction (χ2 = 15.8, P < 0.001), with an in-law relationship (χ2 = 29.43, P < 0.001), with a friend relationship (χ2 = 24.81, P < 0.001), with basic diseases (χ2 = 8.04, P = 0.02), and taking birth control pills (χ2 = 8.97, P = 0.01) have different probabilities of being classified. Three latent classes were identified: the high symptoms group (6.89%), the moderate symptoms group (20.56%), and the low symptoms group (72.56%). Pregnant women in the third trimester [odds ratio (OR) = 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-3.25, P = 0.04], with a poor in-law relationship (OR = 2.82, 95% CI:1.45-5.51, P = 0.002), with a bad friend relationship (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.31-7.71, P = 0.01), and who had basic diseases (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.00-2.90, P = 0.04) tended to be classified under the high symptoms group than under the low symptoms group. Pregnant women with a bad friend relationship (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.08-4.28, P = 0.03) and taking birth control pills (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.08-2.11, P = 0.02) were more likely to be placed under the moderate symptoms group than under the low symptoms group. A pregnant woman's mental health status factors include feeling different in the perinatal period, those with marital satisfaction, those with an in-law relationship, those with a friend relationship, those with basic diseases, and those taking birth control pills. To ensure a smooth progress of pregnancy and promote the physical and mental health of pregnant women, psychological screening and psychological intervention measures should be strengthened.

"Always on parade": Pregnancy experience of active-duty air force members.

Findings are reported from a qualitative study that sought to understand the maternity experience of active-duty women in the context of improved and expanded pregnancy accommodations. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 30 active-duty women serving in the United States Air Force (15 enlisted and 15 commissioned members). Women described experiencing negative pregnancy-related stereotypes and stigma in the workplace. Connotations unique to military culture were unavoidable changes to uniform and physical body shape, cultural expectations of fitness, and uniformity of dress/appearance. Use of necessary pregnancy accommodations led to increased exposure to stereotypes and stigma, such as being perceived as less disciplined, lazy, weak, or receiving unfair advantages/fewer duties at work. Women relied on "covering behaviors" to separate themselves from negative stereotypes. Extreme covering behaviors put pregnant women's health and well-being at risk. Finally, women navigated a shift in priorities from an indoctrinated "service before self" perspective to a prioritization of personal health and well-being during pregnancy. Leadership skills were strengthened through this change in perspective, which were perceived as positively influencing unit morale, cohesion, productivity, and retention. Study findings suggest the military will experience limited success in fully integrating and retaining active-duty women due to an organizational climate that lags behind the recent, progressive improvements in pregnancy policies and accommodations. Organizational culture related to pregnancy within the military must be targeted for change to reduce negative stigma and pregnancy-related bias. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Health care seeking behaviors of pregnant women in rural Amhara, Ethiopia: a qualitative study of perceptions of pregnant women, community members, and health care providers.

in Ethiopia, increasing access to basic antenatal and neonatal health services may improve maternal and newborn survival. This study examined perceptions regarding antenatal health seeking behaviors from pregnant women, their families, community members, and health care providers in rural Amhara, Ethiopia. the study was conducted in four rural districts of the Amhara region of Ethiopia. A total of forty participants who were living and working within the catchment areas of the selected health centres were interviewed from October 3rd through October 14th, 2018. A phenomenological qualitative study design was used to understand participants' perceptions and experiences about pregnant women's health care seeking behaviors. early disclosure of pregnancy status was not common in the study area. However, the data from the present study further provided new information, suggesting that some women did disclose their pregnancy status early but preferentially only to their partners and close relatives. Most women did not seek care unless sick or experienced new discomfort or pain. Some reasons for the low utilization of available antenatal services include long distance to health facilities, lack of transportation, difficult topography, and discomfort with male providers. despite the rapid expansion of health posts and deployment of health extension workers since 2003, there are still critical barriers to accessing facility-based care that limit women's health care seeking practices.

Women's Concerns and Experiences of Fetal Anomaly Screening Process: A Qualitative Study.

Advanced technologies in antenatal screening provide complex and accurate information about the fetus that allows for early intervention, but it increases pregnant women's concerns about fetal health. This study aimed to investigate the concerns and experiences of Iranian pregnant women in the fetal anomaly screening process. This qualitative study was performed from September 2018 to June 2019 in Tehran, Iran. Twenty pregnant women who referred to prenatal care clinics, four specialists, and two midwives took part in this study. The sampling was done purposefully until data saturation. Qualitative interviews were analyzed using the content analysis approach and Graneheim and Lundman's method. The MAXQDA 10 was used for data management. The pregnant women who participated in the study were 22-40 years old. The following 4 themes were obtained from the analysis: the challenge of deciding to perform the tests, bitter pregnancy experience, challenges of facing an abortion, and unmet needs of pregnant women by the health system. The findings indicate that pregnant women need real information and support. Designing and implementing interventions that reduce the psychological impact of performing fetal anomaly screening tests can highlight the potential benefits for pregnant women's health.

Exploring Antenatal Exercise: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Influencing Factors among Pregnant Women in Libya.

Antenatal exercise is crucial in promoting pregnant women's health and well-being. However, no research in Libya examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of antenatal exercise among pregnant women. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antenatal exercise among pregnant women in Libya. A convenience sample of pregnant women (n = 205) receiving prenatal care at Misrata Medical Center and having no contraindication for exercise participated in the study. A self-administered, previously elaborated questionnaire was used to assess participants' awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practice of antenatal exercise. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis were employed using SPSS version 28. The findings revealed that nearly half of the participants demonstrated good knowledge (56.1%) and a positive attitude (47.8%) regarding antenatal exercise. Less than one-third (30.2%) of participants engaged in some form of exercise during pregnancy. The logistic regression results showed that age, income, and practice of exercise before pregnancy significantly contributed to the knowledge score. The analysis indicated that the unemployment status (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI [0.78-6.38], P = .03) and practicing exercise before pregnancy (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI [0.92-4.24], P = .02) were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in antenatal exercise. The main subjective reasons for pregnant women not engaging in antenatal exercise were lack of time, poor knowledge, fatigue, and worries about harming the baby. This study sheds light on the current state of antenatal exercise among pregnant women in Libya and highlights the factors shaping these behaviors. The findings underscore the importance of promoting accurate knowledge, addressing misconceptions, and providing support and resources to overcome barriers and encourage safe and effective antenatal exercise practices in Libya. Future studies should consider employing qualitative or mixed methods research designs to examine antenatal exercise from different perspectives.

Attitudes and barriers of pregnant women toward prenatal oral health care at antenatal centers of Mosul City, Iraq

Objective: To evaluate pregnant women's attitudes on oral health and the obstacles to promoting it. Methodology: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out from 10th of September, 2022 to 20th of October, 2022. It included 155 pregnant ladies chosen using simple random sampling, and data were collected from 6 antenatal care centers in Mosul city. We used a structured interviewing questionnaire. Results: Average age of women was 28 years and 54.8% agreed that maintaining good oral health during pregnancy affects the health of the fetus. More than 54% said their greatest obstacle to promoting good oral health during pregnancy was their fear that dental treatments will harm the fetus. Conclusion: Most of the study participants had a good attitude toward improving pregnant women's oral health. However, they were afraid that dental treatments will harm their fetuses.

An evolutionary perspective on the association between grandmother-mother relationships and maternal mental health among a cohort of pregnant Latina women.

Grandmothers are often critical helpers during a mother's reproductive career. Studies on the developmental origins of health and disease demonstrate how maternal psychological distress can negatively influence fetal development and birth outcomes, highlighting an area in which soon-to-be grandmothers (henceforth "grandmothers") can invest to improve both mother and offspring well-being. Here, we examine if and how a pregnant woman's mental health- specifically, depression, state-anxiety, and pregnancy-related anxiety- is influenced by her relationship with her fetus' maternal and paternal grandmother, controlling for relationship characteristics with her fetus' father. In a cohort of pregnant Latina women in Southern California (N = 216), we assessed social support, geographic proximity, and communication between the fetus' grandmothers and pregnant mother. We assessed maternal mental health with validated questionnaire-based instruments. We find that both social support from and communication with the maternal grandmother were statistically associated with less depression, while no paternal grandmother relationship characteristics were statistically significant in association with any mental health variable. These results align with the idea that maternal grandmothers are more adaptively incentivized to invest in their daughters' well-being during pregnancy than paternal grandmothers are for their daughters-in-law. Results suggest that the positive association of maternal grandmothers with mothers' mental health may not hinge on geographic proximity, but rather, potentially function through emotional support. This work represents a novel perspective describing a psychological and prenatal grandmaternal effect.

Efforts To Increase The Coverage Of The Pregnant Women's Health Program (ANC) During The COVID-19 Pandemic At The Health Office Of The Kampar Regency

Background: According to the 2020 Yankes Guidelines, MCH services are still carried out with due observance of health protocols. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) are indicators of Maternal and Child Health (KIA) status that can describe the quality and accessibility of health care facilities. Based on a preliminary survey that the author has conducted through document searches on November 22, 2021 from the Maternal Mortality Rate Program section at the Kampar District Health Office, it is known that in 2020 the achievement of the MCH program has not yet reached the target of the Ministry of Health. Objectives: Identify problems, prioritize problems, determine alternative solutions to problems, and make an Intervention Plan (Plan of Action) in accordance with alternative solutions to problems related to the MCH Program during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period at the Kampar District Health Office. Methods: Qualitative method, using document tracing data sources, direct observations and field observations in the Maternal Mortality Rate program. The informants are the Head of the Kampar District Health Office, the Head of the Public Health Division, and the holder of the Maternal Mortality Rate Program. Results: The achievement of the Maternal Mortality Rate program is still low because during the COVID-19 pandemic, so that the implementation of the MCH program is not yet optimal. Solving the problem of the low achievement of the Maternal Mortality Rate program at the Kampar District Health Office by making a Proposed Work Plan (RUK) or designing a Plan Of Action (POA).Conclusion : The low achievement of the MCH program is due to the non-optimal implementation of the Antenatal care (ANC) program, the non-optimal implementation of the obstetric complications program and the non-optimal implementation of the Neonatal Complications program. The recommendation is that it is hoped that the Head of the Kampar District Health Office will increase the number of officers for and analyze the needs of health workers

Corona disease anxiety and health related behaviors: What happened to primgravida women post COVID-19?

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has sparked psychological and behavioural changes among pregnant women across the globe and thereby might have a devastating impact on the fetal and neonatal outcomes. The dearth of information related to this significant topic can contribute to surge feelings of uneasiness and perinatal anxiety of primigravida women. Therefore, assessing and investigating the relationship between corona disease anxiety and health related behaviors among primigravida women post COVID-19, would provide an auxiliary template to the Ministry of health in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region to integrate this into their sustainable health agenda. MethodsA descriptive correlational research design was used in this study in which a convenient sample of 200 primigravida women completed a Corona disease anxiety scale (CDAS) and pregnant women's health- related behavior changes post COVID-19. ResultsMore than four fifth of the study subjects reported mild anxiety level (82%) and nearly three fifth of the studied primigravidas’ reported fair level of health-related behaviors (59%). Also, a statistical significant correlation was found between the studied primigravidas’ anxiety level and their health-related behavior including; healthy diet regimen, follow up visits, and protective personal measures (r = 0.273, P<0.001, r = 0.188, P<0.008, r = 0.242, P<0.001, r = 0.189, P<0.007, r = 0.407, P<0.001 and r = 0.309, P<0.001, respectively). ConclusionCorona disease anxiety was proved to be the independent predictor of health- related behavior. Mental health screening of primigravida women at the outset of any public health emergency should be prompted.

Common mental disorders among pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic: A scoping review

Many risk factors impact pregnant women's physical and emotional health. In addition, the rise of the COVID-19 epidemic brings with it a slew of unfavourable elements that continue to affect the health conditions of pregnant women, particularly frequent mental problems. This study was conducted to describe mental disorders in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors. The majority of 30 included articles were cross-sectional studies and one out of three were conducted in Asia. The review found that stress, anxiety and depression among pregnant women were significantly higher during the pandemic. Due to reduced exercise time, lack of social support, and limited communication due to social distancing. The higher number of women experiencing violence during the COVID-19 era is also a direct cause of the increased prevalence of common mental disorders. To improve this situation, it is necessary to have timely support from society, improve and continue antenatal care services, as well as provide adequate COVID-19-related information and its impact on the fetus.