Anemia In Pregnancy Research Articles

Anaemia prevalence and risk factors in pregnant women in Oman: a retrospective case-control study

Background/Aims Anaemia is a multifactorial condition and understanding its prevalence and associated factors is crucial for effective healthcare planning and interventions. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy and its potential risk factors in Oman. Methods A retrospective approach was used to identify anaemia cases by examining medical records taken from 9321 women who gave birth at the hospital over 3 years. Chi-squared tests were used to establish differences in risk factors using a case-control design, with a 1:2 ratio. Results The crude prevalence of anaemia was 31.2%, dropping to 4.9% after excluding women with chronic and/or acute diseases. Significant differences were found in nationality (χ2=4.738, P=0.030), body mass index (χ2=6.392, P=0.041) and gestational age (χ2=4.329, P=0.037) for women with anaemia compared to those without. Conclusions These findings underscore the significance of assessing and managing anaemia in pregnancy, while considering the interaction of demographic and clinical variables in formulating anaemia prevention strategies.

Ferric carboxymaltose: A game changer in the management of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy.

A single-arm prospective cohort (before-after) study among 60 antenatal women with moderate to severe anaemia in the second and third trimesters was conducted from December 2020 to December 2022, and the eligible women were given 1000 mg of intravenous FCM injection. Efficacy was assessed by rate of improvement in haemoglobin and ferritin at 2 weeks post infusion. Safety analysis was done by assessing adverse drug reactions and foetal heart monitoring during the infusion. A total 60 antenatal women with a median gestational age of 32.5 weeks at presentation received 1000 mg of intravenous FCM. There was a rise in mean haemoglobin from 8.05 gm% pre-infusion to 10.93 gm% 2 weeks post infusion, showing a mean rise of 2.88 gm%. Similar improvement was noted in mean serum ferritin levels from 25.92 pre-infusion to 253.96 post FCM infusion. There were no reports of drug-related major adverse effects in the mother or the foetus. FCM is found to be safe and effective treatment with rapid replenishment of haemoglobin and ferritin levels in a single dose, which makes it suitable and compels consideration as the first choice for treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia.

Inovasi Pembuatan Fermentasi Bawang Putih ( Black Garlic) Pencegahan Kanker Ovarium Pada Lansia Di Desa Bangun Rejo Tahun 2024

Introduction: The most common anemia in pregnancy is iron anemia, this is caused by a lack of iron intake in food due to reabsorption disorders, digestive disorders and bleeding. Method: counseling for targets is carried out orally. Results: Participants in this activity were all 46 pregnant women who visited PMB Lismayani Lubis, Simalungun Regency. Conclusion: From the results of the counseling, it was found that there were still pregnant women who did not receive enough support from their families in consuming Fe tablets, especially in reminding them of the schedule for taking Fe tablets. This community service has been carried out from August-October 2023, for exactly 3 months

The risk profiles of pregnancy-related cerebral venous thrombosis: a retrospective study in a comprehensive hospital

ObjectivesTo investigate the risk factors and underlying causes of pregnancy-related cerebral venous thrombosis (PCVT).MethodsA retrospective cohort of 16 patients diagnosed with CVT during pregnancy and postpartum (within six weeks after delivery) in a comprehensive hospital in China between 2009 and 2022 were carefully reviewed, focusing on demographic, clinical, and etiological characteristics, especially underlying causes. We matched 16 PCVT patients with 64 pregnant and puerperal women without PCVT to explore risk factors and clinical susceptibility to PCVT.ResultsPCVT occurred commonly during the first trimester (43.75%) and the puerperium (37.5%). The frequency of anemia, thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia during pregnancy, dehydration, and pre-pregnancy anemia was significantly higher in women with PCVT than in those without PCVT (P < 0.05). Among the 16 patients, five were diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome and one was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus. Three patients had distinct protein S deficiency and one had protein C deficiency. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was performed for five patients and revealed likely pathogenic mutations associated with CVT, including heterozygous PROC c.1218G > A (p. Met406Ile), heterozygous PROS1 c.301C > T (p. Arg101Cys), composite heterozygous mutation in the F8 gene (c.144-1259C > T; c.6724G > A (p. Val2242Met)) and homozygous MTHFR c.677C > T (p. Ala222Val).ConclusionsThe occurrence of anemia, thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis during pregnancy, dehydration and pre-pregnancy anemia suggested a greater susceptibility to PCVT. For confirmed PCVT patients, autoimmune diseases, hereditary thrombophilia, and hematological disorders were common causes. Screening for potential etiologies should be paid more attention, as it has implications for treatment and long-term management.

Edukasi Gizi Tentang Anemia Pada Remaja Putri di SMA Negeri 1 Batang Kuis

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Iron deficiency anemia can have an impact on young women, such as getting tired quickly, reducing the body's resistance to infectious diseases, reducing body fitness, reducing concentration and learning achievement, reducing the immune system and disrupting physical growth. Iron deficiency anemia during adolescent girls in turn leads adolescent girls to anemia in later pregnancy.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The aim of this activity is to increase knowledge about anemia so that teenage girls can prevent anemia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Community service implemented at SMA Negeri 1 Batang Kuis. Activities that have been implemented: Obtain permission from headmaster, measuring nutritional status, checking blood hemoglobin levels, carrying out counseling using LCD tools and booklets. Participants were 50 students from SMA N 1 Batang Kuis&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The implementation results showed that 22% of the female students' nutritional status was very thin and underweight, 20% of the female students' nutritional status was overweight and 22% of the female students were anemic. There was an increase in female students' knowledge about anemia by 3.52 points from 9.2 points before counseling to 12.72 points after counseling. Likewise, attitudes increased by 4.26 points from 50.78 points to 55.0 points. The resulting output: Published in the Community Service journal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Prevalence and determinants of moderate-to-severe anaemia in the third trimester of pregnancy: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Lagos, Nigeria

The high burden of anaemia during pregnancy underscores the urgent need to gain a comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to its widespread occurrence. Our study assessed the prevalence and the trends of moderate-to-severe anaemia (MSA) in late pregnancy (28 to 36 weeks) and then investigated the key determinants driving this prevalence among women in Lagos, Nigeria. We conducted a secondary data analysis involving 1216 women enrolled in the Predict-PPH study between January and March 2023. We employed a multivariate binary logistic regression model with a backward stepwise selection approach to identify significant predictors of MSA. The study revealed a 14.5% prevalence of MSA during pregnancy. Independent predictors of MSA included having given birth to two or more children (adjusted odds ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–2.07), having a maternal body mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m2 or higher (adjusted odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.29–2.61), having less than tertiary education (adjusted odds ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–2.11), and being unemployed (adjusted odds ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval: 1.19–3.26). It is crucial for pregnant women, particularly those with higher parities and elevated BMI, to be monitored regularly for anaemia and its consequences during their antenatal care. Additionally, addressing the link between low education, unemployment, and anaemia necessitates comprehensive strategies that empower women in terms of education and economic status to enhance the overall well-being of individuals and communities, ultimately reducing the prevalence of anaemia and associated health issues in pregnancy.

Management of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy in India: A review of current practices and challenges

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a major global health concern that can lead to difficulties for both the mother and the foetus, especially in pregnant women. The physiological demand of iron during pregnancy increases threefold to support fetoplacental development and maternal adaptation to pregnancy. This study aimed to identify gaps in current IDA management, limitations of conventional oral iron therapy, and the need for effective and well-tolerated treatments.The objective of this study was to understand the gap of current treatment options in IDA management, its limitations, and possible effective strategies for better management.A questionnaire-based opinion survey involving top gynecologists across India was conducted. The survey aimed to gather data on the challenges faced with conventional oral iron therapy, the desire for a change in oral iron salts, and the preference for novel oral iron prescriptions for their patients.Data obtained from the survey showed that 82% of gynecologists and obstetricians noticed challenges with conventional oral iron therapy. 86% wanted to change the oral iron salts, and 70% would like to prescribe novel oral iron for their patients. Ferric maltol, a novel form of chelated oral iron, was introduced as a potential solution for IDA management. It has been studied in various clinical indications, such as IDA associated with inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, and pulmonary hypertension, showing significant improvements in hemoglobin and iron indices with good tolerability throughout treatment duration.The study results demonstrate that ferric maltol is a suitable and convenient treatment option for individuals seeking long-term, convenient, and well-tolerated management of IDA.

Assessment of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 deficiencies and their association with red cell indices in anemic and non-anemic women

During pregnancy anemia is a common health issue with various factors influencing its occurrence. It is a major public health problem in India. It is believed that 2.36 billion individuals are affected globally, and it is also an endemic problem in India. Iron deficiency often leads to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), significantly influencing maternal and fetal health.This study aims to investigate the complete blood count and nutritional parameters including Iron profile, vitamin B12, and Folic acid in anemic and non-anemic participants.The study involved 458 women of which 300 were anemic women and 158 were non-anemic women, predominantly from rural areas. The severity of anemia was classified as per WHO guidelines. The CBC was estimated by a 3-part hematology analyzer Medonic M-series, while the iron profile, vitamin B12, and folic acid were measured by using an automated analyzer Abbott Architect 1000 SR.The severity of anemia among the anemic women, classified according to WHO guidelines, revealed that 38.7% had mild anemia, 32.7% had moderate anemia, and 28.6% had severe anemia. 39.3% women exhibited microcytic hypochromic cells, 38% had normocytic normochromic cells, and 22.7% exhibited macrocytic cells. 56.6% had iron deficiency, 10% had folate deficiency, 16.7% had vitamin B12 deficiency, 6.7% had iron+vitamin B12+folic acid deficiency and 10% had vitamin B12+folic acid deficiency. Based on the severity only vitamin B12 was significantly reduced in severe (145.65±58.43) than moderate (177.06±66.24) and mild group (174.43±68.43), p=0.042. Hemoglobin showed a positive correlation with iron level (r=0.523, p&amp;#60;0.0001), and a negative correlation with ferritin (r=-0.355, p&amp;#60;0.0001).: These findings provide valuable insights into the nutritional status of the anemic women and highlights the need for targeted interventions to address micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy.

Penyuluhan Kesehatan Dan Pemeriksaan Hemoglobin (HB) Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil

Maintaining the mother's health during pregnancy is one of the main keys to the health of the next generation, because the mother will give birth to a healthy generation if the mother's health during pregnancy is good and without problems. The thing that must be maintained by pregnant women is to get adequate nutrition for themselves and the fetus they are carrying. One of the problems that often arises in pregnant women is anemia. Anemia in pregnant women can increase the risk of low birth weight (LBW) babies, premature birth, maternal and infant deaths and stunting (short children). Various efforts have been made to control anemia in pregnancy, but the prevalence is still high. One of the efforts that can be made to prevent anemia in pregnant women is to check hemoglobin and increase the mother's knowledge about anemia and its management, so that the mother understands her health condition during pregnancy. The aim of this community service activity is to screen for anemia in pregnant women. The benefit of this activity is that pregnant women know their hemoglobin levels and get information about anemia during pregnancy and its management.

Prevention of Anaemia in Pregnancy: A Five-Year Scoping Review

Abstract: Approximately 50% of pregnant women globally suffer from pregnancy-related anaemia, which is a serious issue for reproductive health and can lead to a number of complications, including low birth weights, premature deliveries, foetal deformities, and feto-maternal mortality. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the suggested strategies to prevent anaemia in pregnancy through a 5-year scoping review (November, 2017 to November, 2022). Methods: A comprehensive list of keyword combinations linked to anemia prevention in pregnancy and pertinent approaches to inform the search strategy were evaluated. Significant events, including pregnancy and anemia, were cross-referenced with the frequency and variability of terms across time. Literature from Pubmed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, PLOS One, and Cochrane database were reviewed. Results: Evidence-based preventative therapy options for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy include prophylactic iron supplementation, food fortification with iron and folate, and health education. There is a wealth of research on the effects of these therapies on the occurrence of anaemia during pregnancy. However, these prospects are endangered by several variables, such as inadequate health facilities, low maternal health literacy, low utilisation of maternal health care in developing countries, a dearth of resources for health education, and lack of a government policy that prevents anaemia during pregnancy. Conclusion: If the highlighted challenges are appropriately addressed through the provision of health education material, the effectiveness of anaemia prevention in pregnancy could be sustained.

Adverse maternal outcomes and associated factors among mothers of advanced age delivering at a tertiary hospital, southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundMothers of advanced age, defined as pregnant women aged ≥ 35 years at the time of giving birth, are traditionally known to be associated with increased risks of adverse maternal outcomes. We determined the prevalence of adverse maternal outcomes and associated factors among mothers of advanced age who delivered at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital (KRRH), in Southwestern Uganda.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study at the Maternity Ward of KRRH from April to September 2023. We consecutively enrolled pregnant women aged ≥ 35 years during their immediate post-delivery period and before discharge. We obtained data on their socio-demographic, obstetric, medical characteristics and their maternal outcomes using interviewer-administered questionnaires. We defined adverse maternal outcome as any complication sustained by the mother that was related to pregnancy, delivery and immediate post-partum events (obstructed labour, antepartum haemorrhage, mode of delivery [cesarean or vacuum extraction], postpartum haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm or postdate pregnancy, anemia, premature rupture of membranes, multiple pregnancy, and maternal death). A participant was considered to have an adverse outcome if they experienced any one of these complications. We identified factors associated with adverse outcomes using modified Poisson regression.ResultsOut of 417 participants, most were aged 35–37 years (n = 206; 49.4%), and had parity ≥ 5 (65.5%). The prevalence of adverse maternal outcomes was 37.6% (n = 157, 95%CI: 33.1–42.4%). Common adverse maternal outcomes included caesarian delivery (23%), and obstructed labour (14.4%). Other complications included anemia in pregnancy (4.5%), chorioamnionitis (4.1%), preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (3.9%), and chronic hypertension and preeclampsia (both 2.4%). Factors associated with adverse maternal outcomes were precipitate labour (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.44–2.65), prolonged labour, lasting > 12 h (aPR = 2.86, 95%CI: 1.48–3.16), and chronic hypertension (aPR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.34–3.9).ConclusionApproximately two-fifth of the advanced-aged mothers surveyed had adverse outcomes. Mothers with prolonged labour, precipitate labour and chronic hypertension were more likely to experience adverse outcomes. We recommend implementation of targeted interventions, emphasizing proper management of labor as well as close monitoring of hypertensive mothers, and those with precipitate or prolonged labor, to mitigate risks of adverse outcomes within this study population.

Haematinic Pill Chart Partner – An Innovative Production for the Management of Anaemia in Pregnancy in Perak, Malaysia

Anaemia is one of the most prevalent health problems in the world, affecting almost half a billion women of reproductive age.1 Major recognised contributing factor of anaemia in pregnancy is iron and folate deficiency. Many antenatal patients are not adherent to the iron supplementations prescribed. The objectives of this innovation, Haematinic Pill Chart Partner (HPCP), was to improve compliance of iron supplementation by antenatal anaemic patients, to achieve Hb &lt; 11 gm% at 36 weeks of pregnancy, to provide comprehensive and effective health education to all antenatal patients, to reduce time of consultation as well as to produce a pill chart in a cost effective manner. Time taken for initial doctor’s consultation pre and post HPCP was analysed from the clinic’s antenatal record book. 10 patients in January 2018 (pre-intervention) and 12 patients in January 2019 (post-intervention) were compared. Mean time taken and cost for production of one pill chart were calculated. There was marked reduction in the percentage of antenatal patients with Hb &lt; 11gm% at 36 weeks of pregnancy by 6.9%; from 8.3% in 2018 to only 1.4%. HPCP proved to be comprehensive and effective. 20 patients (100%) were satisfied (Patient’s Satisfaction Survey) and 5 doctors (100%) were satisfied (Doctor’s Satisfaction Survey) using HPCP. There was marked reduction in time taken (26 minutes) for doctor’s consultation. Cost of production of one HPCP was only RM 8.00. HPCP was found to be a very useful, user-friendly, and effective in the management of anaemia in pregnancy in Buntong Health Clinic.

6301837 Reducing iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy through early identification and treatment: the introduction of a risk proforma at booking

6301837 Reducing iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy through early identification and treatment: the introduction of a risk proforma at booking

Intravenous Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy: A Quality Improvement Project on Maternal Transfusion Reduction [ID 2683469

INTRODUCTION: Intravenous (IV) iron supplementation for patients with iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy has been shown to improve hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the peripartum period and ultimately lead to a decrease in severe maternal morbidity (SMM), specifically blood transfusion. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of IV iron supplementation on maternal pre-delivery Hb levels after the implementation of an institution-based protocol focused on maternal red blood cell transfusion reduction. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients who received IVFe supplementation after the implementation of a maternal transfusion reduction bundle at our Level IV maternal care center in 2020. We reviewed changes in maternal Hb pre-infusion and pre-delivery over a 3-year period (2020–2023), along with rates of postpartum blood transfusion. Patients were excluded if they received an antepartum blood transfusion. Maternal demographics, ferritin and Hg levels were compared between the two groups using GraphPad Prism software. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-five patients met inclusion criteria; most patients were Hispanic (71.9%), had Medicaid (51.9%), and underwent a vaginal delivery (76.9%). Mean gestational age at time of infusion was 34.2 weeks (95% CI, 33.7–34.7) The average Hb pre-infusion and pre-delivery were 8.9 (95% CI, 8.8–9.0) and 10.6 (95% CI, 10.4–10.8), respectively. The change in maternal Hb at time of delivery increased by 2 points (P&lt;.0001). Only two patients received a blood transfusion postpartum. CONCLUSION: Implementation of a standardized antenatal IV iron infusion protocol can improve maternal pre-delivery Hb levels and reduce morbidity associated with blood transfusion.

Exploring the relationship between anemia in pregnancy and infant mortality: a narrative review

Anemia is a multivariate and highly prevalent health concern among the worldwide population. However, owing to the socioeconomic conditions of Pakistan and physiological changes that take place during pregnancy, an exceptionally high percentage of pregnant Pakistani females suffer from anemia with the most common cause being iron deficiency. Unsurprisingly, many complications for both mother and child have been recorded in association with this issue, such as postpartum hemorrhage, low birthweight, stunted development, and still birth. Given the situation, it is imperative to strengthen operational measures while introducing more effective strategies to improve health status among pregnant women.

Utilization of Audiovisual Media as an Effort to Prevent CED and Anemia in Pregnancy

Women of reproductive age as expectant mother would pay attention to their nutritional status. Balanced nutrition during pregnancy must been prepared from the pre-conception period. Lack of nutritional intake during pregnancy had a negative impact on both the mother and baby. One of the nutritional problems in pregnant women was Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and anemia. Efforts to reduce the incidence of CED and anemia in pregnancy by providing health education regarding balanced nutritional intake during the pre-conception period. The use of audiovisual media was an option for providing education to the public, because it was considered easier to remember and understand. Research purpose was to determine the effectiveness of using audiovisual media on the level of knowledge, attitudes and motivation in women of reproductive age in preventing CED and anemia in pregnancy. The method was quasi-experiment using a pre-post test design with control group. The study was divided into 2 groups, the treatment group was given health education by using audiovisual media and the control group was given health education using flipchart media. The treatment group consisted of 18 samples, the control group consisted of 19 samples. Data were collected before and after being given health education to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and motivation of women of childbearing age in preventing of CED and anemia in pregnancy using a questionnaire. The result showed there was a difference in knowledge before and after being given health education using both audiovisual media and flip sheets with a p value for both groups of 0.005. There was no difference in attitudes and motivation before and after being given health education using either audiovisual media or flip sheets with a p value &gt; 0.05. The difference test between the two groups showed no significant differences in the use of audiovisual media and flip sheet media with a p value for each knowledge, attitude and motivation variable &gt; 0.05.

Factors Affecting The Incidence of Anemia in Third-Trimester Pregnant Women at Purwoharjo Primary Health Center, Pemalang District

AbstractIntroduction: Anemia in pregnancy occurs due to a lack of nutritional intake to meet the needs of the mother and fetus. According to Riskesdas, the prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is 48.9%. Anemia in pregnancy can occur due to various factors. The most common anemia in pregnancy is iron deficiency anemia which is caused by a lack of nutritional intake and foods that contain iron.Methods: This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive observational, the sample was pregnant women in the third trimester, who had Hb levels &lt;11 gr/dl and underwent ANC at Purwoharjo Primary Health Center. This research was conducted in August-October 2023 with a total of 62 respondents, analysis used univariate analysis.Results: The prevalence of anemia in third-trimester pregnant women at the Purwoharjo Primary Health Center is 43%. Various factors influence the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the third trimester at Purwoharjo Primary Health Center.Conclusion: The prevalence of third-trimester pregnancy anemia at the Purwoharjo Primary Health Center is 43%, and the most influencing factors are nutritional status (61.3%) and non-compliance with iron supplement consumption (53.2%). Health officials have also made various efforts to reduce the incidence of anemia

The Correlation Between Preconception Body Mass Index And Upper Arm Circumference With The Incidence Of Anemia In Third-Trimester Pregnant Women In The Working Area Of Waru Public Health Center

Anemia during pregnancy is a condition in which the body of pregnant woman experiences reduction in hemoglobin levels due to iron deficiency during pregnancy period, potentially causing complications. This research aims to determine the relationship between preconception body mass index (BMI) and upper arm circumference (UAC) with the occurrence of anemia in third-trimester pregnant women in the Waru Public Health Center working area. The method employed is quantitative analytic observational, using cross-sectional study design, and using secondary data taken from maternal antenatal care (ANC) records. Respondents were 94 third trimester pregnant women selected through simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and calculation of the odds ratio (OR). The results indicated a prevalence of 53.2% for anemia occurring in third-trimester pregnant women in the Waru Public Health Center. Analysis using chi-square obtained p-value = 0.045 and OR = 2.329 for preconception body mass index (BMI) with the occurrence of anemia in third-trimester pregnancy, p-value = 0.276 and OR = 2.864 for preconception upper arm circumference (UAC) with the occurrence of anemia in third-trimester pregnancy. These results showed that there is a association between preconception body mass index (BMI) and the occurrence of anemia in third-trimester pregnancy, while there is no association between preconception upper arm circumference (UAC) and the occurrence of anemia in third-trimester pregnancy. It is expected that women of reproductive age who are preparing for pregnancy will maintain a normal nutritional status during the preconception period to prevent pregnancy anemia as an early intervention.

Study on the Effect of Maternal Haemoglobin on Birth Weight of Newborn Babies

Background: Anemia is a very common condition found in pregnant women, which has a deleterious effect on foetal wellbeing including weight gain of fetus. Studies indicate that anemia in pregnancy is a risk factor low birth weight and possibly for inferior neonatal health. The present study is done to determine the effect of the maternal hemoglobin on birth weight. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. All pregnant females with single live pregnancy were included in this study. After the selection criteria was satisfied, all term babies born to pregnant females with single live pregnancy were examined and birth weight was recovered on a digital weighing scale. Results: Among the anemic mothers, 39 (27.3%) had mild anemia (Hb: 10 – 10.9), 32 (22.4%) had moderate anemia (Hb: 7 – 9.9) and 9 (6.3%) had severe anemia (Hb: &lt;7). Of the 143 newborns born to those mothers, 74 (51.7%) weighed between 2500 – 3500 grams, 56 (39.2%) were low birth weight (&lt;2500g) babies and only 13 (9.1%) were above 3500 grams. Conclusions: According to our study, anemic mothers delivered babies with low birth weight than nonanemic mothers. Present study showed prevalence of low-birth-weight babies to be 39.2%. Interventions to reduce low birth weight should be specific for specific populations. Approaches to improve the health of the women are needed to reduce the low-birth-weight problem in India. Keywords: Maternal haemoglobin, Anemia, Low birth weight.

Red Dragon Fruit Education as Prevention of Anemia in Pregnant Mothers

Iron requirements increase during pregnancy due to fetal and placental requirements and physiological changes such as increased blood volume and red blood cell count. An increase in these levels can also lead to a decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, resulting in increased prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency in pregnancy. Dragon fruit is a fruit that is rich in antioxidants and calcium and is relatively high in iron. The purpose of the community service activities that will be carried out is to provide education about the use of red dragon fruit as an attempt to prevent anemia in pregnant mothers and is planned to be implemented on Monday, January 29th, 2024 in Bidan Nurachmi Palembang Independent Practice. The method of community dedication is by giving the approval, the participants of this community service activities are pregnant mothers of Trimester I to III of 10 people. All participants followed the activity from start to finish, were active in the discussion, and were well evaluated. Evaluation is done with pre and post test assessments by filling in the questionnaire that has been provided. The pre-test assessment results obtained an average score of 51 and an average post-test score of 86, from the evaluation results can be concluded there was an increase in the average score participants so there is an improvement in knowledge and understanding about the use of red dragon fruit as an attempt to prevent anemia in pregnant mothers.