Management of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy in India: A review of current practices and challenges

Abstract

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a major global health concern that can lead to difficulties for both the mother and the foetus, especially in pregnant women. The physiological demand of iron during pregnancy increases threefold to support fetoplacental development and maternal adaptation to pregnancy. This study aimed to identify gaps in current IDA management, limitations of conventional oral iron therapy, and the need for effective and well-tolerated treatments.The objective of this study was to understand the gap of current treatment options in IDA management, its limitations, and possible effective strategies for better management.A questionnaire-based opinion survey involving top gynecologists across India was conducted. The survey aimed to gather data on the challenges faced with conventional oral iron therapy, the desire for a change in oral iron salts, and the preference for novel oral iron prescriptions for their patients.Data obtained from the survey showed that 82% of gynecologists and obstetricians noticed challenges with conventional oral iron therapy. 86% wanted to change the oral iron salts, and 70% would like to prescribe novel oral iron for their patients. Ferric maltol, a novel form of chelated oral iron, was introduced as a potential solution for IDA management. It has been studied in various clinical indications, such as IDA associated with inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, and pulmonary hypertension, showing significant improvements in hemoglobin and iron indices with good tolerability throughout treatment duration.The study results demonstrate that ferric maltol is a suitable and convenient treatment option for individuals seeking long-term, convenient, and well-tolerated management of IDA.