Preferred Research Articles

Dominance and Prestige : When are they Used, How are they Communicated, and When are they Preferred?

There are two distinct leadership styles that are used to attain social rank, both of which effectively promote influence and shape the attention of others, yet which result in notably different forms of social rank. These strategies have been labeled prestige, which involves the demonstration of knowledge and expertise to earn respect and freely chosen followership, and dominance, which involves the use of aggression and intimidation to induce fear and forced deference. The current symposium brings together leading scholars to highlight situations in which followers prefer and work more effectively under prestigious and dominant leaders, and how these leaders communicate their social rank and influence team members. We conclude that neither a prestigious nor dominant leadership style emerges as universally more effective. However, if managers carefully consider their team members’ dispositions and individual characteristics, as well as the situation or task at hand, they can use nonverbal behavior to communicate the most appropriate leadership style, command group influence, and secure power. Group Gender Affects Leadership: A Firm Hand with Men, but a Gentle Touch with Women Presenter: Holly Engstrom; U. of British Columbia Presenter: Kristin Laurin; U. of British Columbia Presenter: Toni Schmader; U. of British Columbia Presenter: David Zuroff; McGill U. Two Signals of Social Rank: Prestige and Dominance are Associated With Distinct Nonverbal Displays Presenter: Zak Witkower; U. of British Columbia Presenter: Jessica Tracy; U. of British Columbia Presenter: Joey Cheng; York U., Toronto Presenter: Joseph Henrich; Harvard U. Divergent Effects of Self-Esteem on the Evaluation of Dominant and Prestigious Leaders Presenter: Eric Mercadante; U. of British Columbia Presenter: Steve Heine; U. of British Columbia

Clinical Performance of Direct Anterior Composite Restorations in Mixed Dentition: A randomized cross-sectional study

Aim: Direct anterior composite restoration is the first preferred method for children in the mixed dentition stage to replace dental tissue lost to caries, trauma or similar reasons. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cavity type and treating institution on clinical longevity of direct anterior composite restorations in children in the mixed dentition stage. Material method: The data obtained from 114 direct anterior composite restorations performed in different institutions using the Modified USPHS criteria were evaluated according to cavity types and types of institutions where restorations were performed. Results: It was found that the mean values of retention, marginal adaptation and postoperative sensitivity were higher in class IV restorations, the highest values were obtained from the restorations performed at the Public Oral Health Center, and there was a statistically significant difference. (p<0.05) Conclusion: Although it has been shown that the clinical longevity of class IV composite restorations is shorter than other types of restoration in children in the mixed dentition stage, restorations performed at the University Dental Clinic have been found to be more successful. Key words: Anterior restoration, Composite restoration, Direct composites, Pediatric dentistry, USPHS

MINUMAN FUNGSIONAL READY TO DRINK BERBAHAN BAKU REMPAH LOKAL

The purpose of this study was to study the extraction process of spices, obtain selected formulations based on organoleptic tests and physical stability tests. The research methodology is divided into two stages: the first stage is determining the composition of the spices (ginger, tamarind, turmeric, cardamom, lemongrass, cinnamon and cloves), using a one factor design that is the difference in the composition of the spices with 3 levels of treatment, namely (A1), (A2) and (A3) . The second stage uses the formula selected from the first stage and then is treated with 3 concentrations of spice extract (15%, 20% dan 25%) and the concentration of additional CMC (0%, 0.05% , 0.1% ). The results stated that the selected products were A3 composition spices (7.5% Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract, 25% tamarindus indica extract, 10% turmeric extract, 15% cardamom extract, 15% cinnamon extract, 15% lemongrass extract, 12.5% clove extract) with concentrations herbs 15% and CMC concentration 0.1%. This product was chosen because it was rated the most preferred. The results of physical stability analysis of selected products are quite stable with a sedimentation height of 0.04 cm on the 16th day. The selected product has a pH of 3.44, with a curcumin value of 13.70 ppm, and a total phenol of 31 ppm and an antioxidant of 2.97 ppm.

AS DIRETRIZES DO PLANO DE MOBILIDADE URBANA DO MUNICÍPIO DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO - SP: UMA ANÁLISE DA IMPORTÂNCIA DA PROMOÇÃO DO TRANSPORTE COLETIVO E DOS MODOS NÃO MOTORIZADOS

A mobilidade urbana é prejudicada pela falta de planejamento no desenvolvimento das cidades. Como resultado, o aumento do número de veículos, principalmente dos automóveis e das motocicletas, demostra as preferências de deslocamento por um modal individual e motorizado. No município de Ribeirão Preto - SP não é diferente, o número total da frota de veículos cresceu mais do que o número de habitantes nos últimos anos. Destarte, a Política Nacional de Mobilidade Urbana (Lei Federal nº 12.587/12) estabelece o Plano de Mobilidade Urbana como ferramenta, visando o desenvolvimento sustentável das cidades, a equidade do acesso do cidadão ao transporte e ao uso do espaço público. Ribeirão Preto, em 2012, elaborou o seu Plano de Mobilidade Urbana, no entanto, poucos projetos foram executados, apenas alguns corredores preferenciais, 600 metros de corredores exclusivos e algumas ciclovias. Assim, apesar do Plano atestar prioridade ao transporte coletivo e não motorizado, o município ainda não conseguiu implementar os projetos para atender suas diretrizes.

Advance care planning and decision-making in dementia care: a literature review.

Dementia is the leading cause of death in England and Wales, but traditionally it has not been considered a terminal or life-limiting condition. As a result, little significance may be placed on advance care planning (ACP) for people with dementia. Evidence suggests that most patients with advanced dementia have often not been given an opportunity to complete an advance care plan and have not had conversations with their families about their wishes and preferences at the end of life. This article reports on a literature review that aimed to explore the evidence on the introduction of ACP in achieving preferred place of care or death for people living with dementia, and reducing carer burden. The literature review found that ACP discussions have several benefits for people with dementia and their family carers, but that various factors can support or hinder such discussions. It concludes that these people and their families need to plan for end of life and suggests that ACP can increase the likelihood of achieving their preferred place of care and death and reducing decisional burden for carers.

Metacognitive Skills of Students in a Mathematics Class with Supplemental Instruction and Online Homework

Improving students’ performance in Calculus is a challenge for many colleges and universities. One way of improving students' performance as well as their metacognition and study skills is to provide opportunities for them to receive support outside of the lecture. A modified version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) was used to reveal any significant differences in metacognition and study strategies between students in a class with supplemental instruction with peer tutors and a dynamic online homework software (WebAssign), and students in a traditional class without these additional supports. Surveys and interviews were utilized to provide anecdotal evidence on the influence of WebAssign and supplemental instruction sessions on study skills and metacognition and whether students preferred WebAssign to traditional homework. Overall, the study showed no significant difference between the two groups in seven out of eight sub-scales of metacognitive skills and study strategies. Students reported that the supplemental instruction sessions and the WebAssign software were beneficial to their success.

Endovascular or open surgical treatment of high-risk patients with infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease and critical limb ischemia.

Aim To determine preferable type of treatment in our clinical circumstances by following two groups of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI), who were treated endovascularly and surgically. Methods Research was carried out in the form of a prospective study of 80 patients with CLI and Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) C or D type of arterial disease, with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class III risk, who were randomly divided in two groups as per the treatment they received, surgical and endovascular. Patients were followed during 28 months using clinical examination and Duplex Ultrasound (DUS) in accordance with prescheduled control visits. Results There was a statistical difference between surgical and endovascular group in two years patency (82.5% vs. 55%; p=0.022) but it did not result in the difference in amputation free survival (AFS) (95% vs. 85%; p=0.171) or two-year freedom from major adverse limb events (MALE) (87.5 vs. 77.5; p=0.254). Also, there was no difference in the overall survival of patients (100% vs. 97.5%; p=0.317). Conclusion Initial endovascular treatment is a preferred form of the treatment for selected patient population.

Effects of Time-of-Day Training Preference on Resistance-Exercise Performance

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate how time-of-day training preference influences resistance-exercise performance. Methods: Resistance trained males (n = 12) were recruited for this study. In a crossover, counterbalanced design, participants completed two separate bench-press exercise trials at different times of day: (a) morning (AM; 8:00 hr) and (b) evening (PM; 16:00 hr). Participants answered a questionnaire on time-of-day training preference and completed a preferred (PREF) and nonpreferred (NON-PREF) time-of-day trial. For each trial, motivation was measured using a visual analog scale prior to exercise. Participants completed 2 sets × 2 repetitions at 75% 1-RM with maximum explosiveness separated by 5 min of rest. Mean barbell velocity was measured using a linear position transducer. Participants then completed 1 set × repetitions to failure (RTF) at 75% 1-RM. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was measured immediately following exercise. Results: Regardless of preference, velocity (p = .025; effect size (ES) = 0.43) was higher during the PM versus AM trial. However, there were no significant differences in velocity (p = .368; ES = 0.37) between PREF and NON-PREF time of day. There were no significant differences for repetitions between PREF and NON-PREF times (p = .902; ES = 0.03). Motivation was higher in the PREF time versus NON-PREF (p = .015; ES = 0.68). Furthermore, RPE was significantly lower during the PREF time of day (p = .048; 0.55). Conclusions: Despite higher barbell velocity collectively at PM times, time-of-training preference did not largely influence resistance-exercise performance, while motivation is higher and RPE is lower during preferred times.

Preferred Argument Structure and Human Referents in Japanese

Preferred Argument Structure and Human Referents in Japanese

Acute and intermediate-term outcome of endovascular stenting of native aortic coarctation in adolescents and adult patients

Introduction Coarctation of aorta (CoA) is a common form of cardiac lesions requiring intervention. Recently, endovascular management with stent implantation has emerged as the preferred strategy. We aim to report our single-center experience of stenting in a wide range of patients using different types of stents and later on its complications. Patients and methods Between January 2012 and December 2017, 56 patients who underwent treatment with stents for CoA were retrospectively studied. All the patients underwent echocardiography and computed tomography scans at 6–12 months follow-up. Results There were 18 women and 38 men with a mean age of 23.24±15.75 years (range, 9–55 years). The median sheath size and balloon diameter were 12 mm (10–14 mm) and 14 mm (12–25 mm), respectively. We achieved an immediate success rate of 94.6% with only three cases recording major complications in the form of migration of stent, infective endarteritis, and stent fracture. At 1-year follow-up, no complications were noted in the computed tomography scans. Conclusion Stent implantation is a good choice for the treatment of CoA in adolescents and adults. It is associated with a low-residual gradient and a low rate of restenosis, both immediately and at mid-term follow-up. It has a relatively low incidence of complications.

Cholinergic-enhancing and antioxidant effect of Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. (Fabaceae) landrace aqueous extract on scopolamine-induced amnesia in male swiss mice

Background: Currently, no drug effectively curbs down the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and thus early prevention is important. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of the aqueous extract of Vigna subterranea seed landrace on amnesia induced by scopolamine in mice. Materials and Methods: V. subterranea aqueous extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW) was administered by gavage for 9 consecutive days and memory impairment was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (1.5 mg/kg). The Y-maze (YM), Morris water maze (MWM), novel object recognition paradigm (NOR), and the T maze™ were used to assess learning, memory, and retention. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and acetyclcholine esterase activity were also evaluated in the mouse hippocampi homogenates. Results: V. subterranea aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) significantly increased the percentage of spontaneous alternation in the YM task and decreased escape latency in the MWM. Moreover, this dose brought about a significant improvement in the time spent in the preferred TM arm and discrimination index in the NOR tasks despite repeated scopolamine injection. Additionally, low acetylcholine esterase levels, reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA), but increased antioxidant enzyme (CAT and SOD) activity were observed in hippocampi homogenate of mice pretreated with the extract. A protective action against hippocampal cell damage was also evident. Conclusion: This finding suggests that the aqueous extract of V. subterranea seed landrace may improve learning and memory.

Evaluation of improved pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) varieties for organoleptic dal quality in India

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) is an important pulse crop in the Indian diet and one of the most important sources of dietary protein for the population. Organoleptic qualities of pigeon pea dal were tested to draw conclusions on the preferred varieties. Organoleptic qualities such as taste, texture, aroma, tenderness, sweetness and overall acceptance were tested by a trained sensory panel. Available and commercially viable improved varieties were selected for the analysis. All samples were milled and cooked under the same conditions. Results indicated that PUSA ARHAR 16, one of the improved varieties, presents a good potential in terms of agronomic characteristics for farmers and is also well accepted by the sensory panel during the organoleptic evaluation. Generating sound scientific evidence on organoleptic characteristics of pigeon pea is important for the breeders, as they will evaluate which varieties have a commercial potential and are accepted by the consumers. Key words: Consumer preferences, organoleptic qualities, pigeon pea, India

Knowledge and Attitude of Female Teachers Towards Emergency Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries in Jeddah City: A Cross-Sectional Study

Teachers are the primary contact point, when an incident occurs in school. Traumatic dental injuries had been frequently reported among school children. The purpose of this study was to assess the attitudes and knowledge of female teachers in Jeddah City in the management of emergency traumatic dental injuries and the referrals of cases to dental clinics within a limited time. In this cross- sectional study, a questionnaire was used to collect information from 503 female teachers from schools that were randomly selected. The survey focused on the general demographic characteristics, attitudes, and knowledge among the school teachers, in addition to their preferred strategies for the management of dental emergencies. These findings revealed that 64% of the teachers had positive attitudes about dental emergency management in school, while only 37% of them had sufficient knowledge about these emergencies. There was no significant association between the attitudes of the participant their knowledge. Despite these positive attitudes displayed by the teachers, there is a significant lack of knowledge among them about the management of dental emergencies, in particular, about tooth avulsion.

8-10 Yaş Çocukları İçin Eleştirel Okuma Ölçeği Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması

Araştırmanın amacı, 8-10 yaş grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin eleştirel okuma düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılmak üzere, Ünal (2006) tarafından ortaokul 5. sınıf öğrencileri için geliştirilen “Eleştirel Okuma Ölçeği”nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik ölçümlerini belirlemektir. Çalışma grubunu basit seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen Balıkesir İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı iki ilkokulda öğrenim gören 290’ı erkek, 260’ı kız olmak üzere toplam 550 dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Ünal (2006) tarafından geliştirilen “Eleştirel Okuma Ölçeği” ilköğretim 5. Sınıf düzeyinde, 11 yaş grubu için düzenlenmiş, tek faktör ve 22 maddeden oluşan beşli likert türünde bir ölçektir. Eleştirel Okuma Ölçeği için gerçekleştirilen güvenirlik analizleri neticesinde hesaplanan Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı .906 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçme aracının geçerlik kanıtlarının ortaya konması için gerçekleştirilen doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sürecinde MLR yöntemi tercih edilmiş ve ölçeğin tek boyutlu yapısının doğrulandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Use of Social Media Apps by Nurses for Professional Purposes in Catalonia: Cross-Sectional Study.

Over the last few years, the use of social media mobile applications or apps (SMAs) has increased exponentially. The potential advantages of using these technologies by health professionals in clinical settings have been discussed many times. Considering that the nursing profession is the largest segment of the healthcare workforce in the majority of countries in the world, the impact of using these apps by these professionals is very relevant. The objectives of this study were, firstly, to determine if nurses were using SMAs professionally and the most frequent SMAs used and secondly, to find out if, among nurses, there is a need for training in the use of these mobile applications for professional purposes. The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on an Internet survey of 1,293 nurses in Catalonia (Spain). The average age of the respondents who had these apps installed on their mobile phones or tablets, was 43.12 (SD ± 11.32) years old. WhatsApp was the most frequent SMAs used by nurses for professional purposes, and 79.2 % of nurses mentioned they used it several times a day. WhatsApp was the preferred SMAs for communicating with colleagues (31.2% of nurses) followed by Facebook (18.4%) and Twitter (11.3%). In contrast, the use of the SMAs was much less frequent as a means of communication with patients (7.2% in the case of WhatsApp). Nurses expressed their need for specific training in the use of these apps for professional purposes, indicating the interest and potential impact of the introduction of these technologies in clinical environments. The use of SMAs is quite common among nurses at the moment of the survey, and WhatsApp was the most popular one to support their professional activity. Based on the results of the survey, the Nursing Association of Barcelona (COIB) will consider the design of specific training activities in the use of SMAs in clinical settings.

Climate Change and Farmer’s Perception for the Sustainability of Farming in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan

This research was conducted in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with the aims to study the knowledge of farmers and to evaluate the perceptions of the farmers about Climate Change (CC). To accomplish these objectives primary data was collected from 98 randomly selected farmers by structure questionnaire through face to face interview method and was analysed by using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that majority (93%) of farmers were aware of CC phenomena and perceived changes in temperature (89%) and precipitation (86%) during the last decade. Crop diversification, soil and water management practices and application of necessary farm inputs were the farmer’s preferred adaptive strategies to CC. Barriers to adaptive strategies were the ineffective government support, lack of capital, information and extension services, traditional beliefs and high cost of farm inputs. The study concludes that climate is changing and the farmers are practicing different adaptive strategies to overcome this problem, but still there is a space for more scientifically verified strategies which can boost the farmer’s productivity and increased the overall wellbeing for the future sustainability of farming.

KAJIAN RELASI ARSITEKTURAL CANDI HINDU ERA MATARAM KUNO DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN VĀSTUŚĀSTRA

Abstrak - Berbagai prinsip dan tradisi arsitektur klasik India telah dikumpulkan dan dilestarikan dalam kajian yang dikenal sebagai Vāstuśāstra. Cabang keilmuan klasik India ini merupakan perwujudan arsitektural dari nilai-nilai Hindu ideal, dan karena itulah ide-ide di dalamnya memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap arsitektur keagamaan dalam wilayah budaya India Raya yang mencapai Pulau Jawa kuno. Meskipun pengaruh India dapat dikenali dalam desain candi Hindu Jawa era Mataram Kuno, seberapa jauh vāstuśāstra India dijadikan panutan lebih sulit untuk diamati, mengingat bahwa candi Jawa memiliki sejumlah elemen arsitektural yang tidak ditemukan dalam vāstuśāstra maupun kuil India. Dengan mengidentifikasi dan membandingkan bagian-bagian vāstuśāstra yang relevan serta purwarupa India kuno dengan peninggalan candi Jawa, maka dapat terlihat elemen arsitektural yang merupakan bagian dari kontinuitas lingkup budaya India serta bagian yang merupakan local genius. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparasi kualitatif dengan pendekatan historis dan tekstual. Penulis berfokus pada sosok serta penataan sosok dan rupa. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan dan membandingkan berbagai bagian vāstuśāstra yang relevan serta contoh-contoh India dari studi pustaka untuk dibandingkan dengan data dari enam sampel candi era Mataram Kuno, tiga dari masa tua dan tiga dari masa tengah.Perbandingan oleh penulis menunjukkan sejumlah hasil. Pertama, sosok candi Hindu Jawa era Mataram Kuno sesuai dengan bentuk dasar kuil Hindu India sebagaimana yang dituturkan dalam vāstuśāstra, dengan tujuh bagian vertikal yang disebut Upapīṭha, Adhiṣṭhāna, Pada, Prastara, Gala, Śikhara, dan Stūpi. Namun begitu, sejumlah detil arsitektural dari elemen-elemen tersebut memiliki perbedaan yang kentara dengan desain tipikal India serta penuturan dalam vāstuśāstra. Sebagai contoh, Kala-Makara Jawa tidak mengikuti Toraṇa-Makara India sebagaimana yang dituturkan dalam Mānasāra. Beberapa elemen Jawa bahkan tidak memiliki purwarupa India sama sekali. Kedua, tata massa dan tata ruang candi Jawa memiliki perbedaan yang lebih kentara lagi dengan kuil India. Pada kasus orientasi, candi Jawa dapat menghadap barat atau timur sementara sebagian besar kuil India menghadap timur. Sementara itu dalam perihal penataan massa, penataan tipikal Jawa dengan satu candi utama yang berhadapan dengan jejeran tiga candi sekunder sama sekali tidak ditemukan di India. Sebaliknya, penataan India yang memiliki Maṇḍapa di depan menara kuil utama juga sama sekali tidak terlihat pada candi Jawa.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa relasi antar candi Jawa dan vāstuśāstra tampaknya renggang dan fleksibel; kitab vāstu pada tataran tertentu digunakan pada aspek bentuk dasar, namun tidak diikuti dalam detil pengolahan. Para perancang candi Jawa mengikuti dan mengabaikan berbagai bagian vāstuśāstra sesuai kondisi. Kondisi ini bisa jadi disebabkan oleh perbedaan material maupun perbedaan selera yang membentuk local genius. Perancang Jawa tidak pernah sekedar membangun imitasi akurat kuil India di pulau Jawa, rancangan candi Jawa menunjukkan adanya kreativitas dan sifat selektif dalam meyikapi pengaruh asing sehingga tercipta rancangan inovatif yang unik. Pada fase klasik tua, pengaruh India masih dapat terlihat sedemikian rupa sehingga candi dapat dianggap sebagai suatu fenomena India yang dilokalkan. Namun seiring waktu dari masa pembangunan Candi Prambanan hingga seterusnya, purwarupa India menjadi semakin sulit dideteksi sehingga candi menjadi produk arsitektur yang sepenuhnya lokal.

Community-based oral health interventions for people experiencing homelessness: a scoping review.

To determine the characteristics of community-based oral health interventions for people experiencing homelessness. A scoping review was conducted, adhering to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: Scoping Reviews) checklist. A search strategy was developed using MeSH terms and key words, and used to search the following electronic databases: Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest Assia, Scopus, Web of Science and PsychNet. Key journals and reference lists were also hand-searched. Two reviewers then read the abstracts of all papers, excluding duplicates and papers that did not meet the eligibility criteria. The reviewers then read to full-texts of the studies to be included in the review. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. These studies were predominantly evaluations of community-based dental services or other oral health interventions. Several recommendations were extracted. Interventions should involve co-design with homeless service users; multidisciplinary working, collaboration with dental practitioners, and working with educational establishments. The location of community-based services was also found to be of importance. This review has highlighted several recommendations, as well as gaps in the literature. These gaps suggest a need for more non-clinical oral health interventions for the homeless population, and a closer look at the role that non-dental practitioners can play in the delivery of oral health care.

Health seeking behaviours of science students and their perception of health care services in the University of Education, Winneba

The study seek to investigate the health seeking behaviour of undergraduate students in the University of Education, Winneba and their perception of health care services rendered to them at the various health centers in Winneba. The study sampled 540 undergraduate students from the Faculty of Science Education in the University and their responses where collected using a structured questionnaire items. Data collected from this study were analysed using descriptive statistics. It was evident that majority of the respondents (84.4%) never experience any illness whilst on campus. The few that experienced some forms of illness also did not visit the hospitals for treatment. Majority preferred pharmaceutical drugs for treatment. Other respondents also resorted to the use of herbs for treatment because according to them, herbal medicine is much effective, easily accessible and also do not waste time when one wanted to access them. The study recommended that students should make it a habit of visiting the hospitals in and around campus whenever they experience any form of symptoms and should not resort to self-medications which could have detrimental effect on their health. University hospital staff should also render faster services to students to make them have time for their academic work.

Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Tarihi Kültürel Miras Eğitimine İlişkin Görüşleri (Denizli Şehri Örneği)

Bu araştırmada, Denizli ilindeki sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin tarihi kültürel miras eğitimi ile ilgili görüşleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada olgu bilim deseni kullanılmış, 20 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeninin görüşleri alınmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin tarihi kültürel miras eğitimine ilgili oldukları görülmüştür. Tarihi kültürel miras eğitiminde görsel materyal eksikliği en çok karşılaşılan sorun olmuş ve bu konu için de en çok tercih edilen teknik gezi gözlem olmuştur. Öğretmeler tarafından tarihi kültürel miras eğitiminin Türkçe dersinde de verilmesinin uygun olduğu belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin Denizli’deki tarihi kültürel miras ögelerine karşı ilgisiz olmadıkları görülmüştür.