Predictors Of Life Satisfaction Research Articles

The key to life satisfaction in emerging adults: unlocking the secrets of self-efficacy and physical activity

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the relationships among characteristics of emerging adulthood, self-efficacy, and physical activity behaviors, and how these factors collectively influence the life satisfaction of college students. By delving into the interconnections between these elements, insights for relevant interventions and policy formulation can be provided.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study conducted from November to December 2022, a total of 3,387 Chinese college students were surveyed via the Maike electronic questionnaire platform. The Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-8), Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), and a single-item life satisfaction question were utilized for assessments. Data analysis was performed using the Bollen–Stine bootstrap method, with the aid of Amos software (version 26.0) and IBM SPSS (version 26.0).ResultsInstability, possibility, and self-exploration were significantly associated with self-efficacy, which in turn influenced life satisfaction. Factors such as possibility and instability were related to physical activity behaviors, further predicting life satisfaction. Characteristics of emerging adulthood indirectly affected life satisfaction through self-efficacy and physical activity behaviors.ConclusionCharacteristics of emerging adulthood enhance life satisfaction by bolstering self-efficacy and promoting physical activity behaviors.

The Relationships Between Short Video Usage and Subjective Well-Being: Mediation Models and Network Analysis

On short video platforms, individuals can not only passively browse videos but also actively engage in behaviors such as liking and commenting on videos. However, the mechanisms by how active and passive usage of short videos affect subjective well-being remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to explore these mechanisms through path analysis and network analysis. We employed the Short Video Usage Questionnaire, Subjective Well-Being Scale, and Interaction Anxiety Scale to survey 1086 participants. The results indicated (1) the active usage positively predicted life satisfaction and positive affect, while passive usage failed to predict any of them. (2) Social anxiety mediated the relationship between short video usage and subjective well-being. Active usage enhanced life satisfaction and positive affect by alleviating social anxiety, while reducing negative affect by decreasing social anxiety. At the same time, passive usage reduced life satisfaction and positive affect by exacerbating social anxiety while increasing negative affect by intensifying social anxiety. (3) Network analysis revealed that “live interaction” behavior was a core activity for alleviating social anxiety and enhancing subjective well-being. The findings highlight the significant role of short video usage in subjective well-being and provide empirical evidence to guide users in the rational and positive usage of short video platforms.

Resilience and hopelessness mediate the relationship between benevolent childhood experiences and life satisfaction: evidence from a cross-cultural study

BackgroundA growing body of literature focuses on the role of benevolent childhood experiences (BCEs) in predicting adulthood well-being, in addition to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). However, cross-cultural differences are generally ignored in this endeavor. Hence, this study aimed to explore the role of BCEs in predicting life satisfaction, resilience, and hopelessness. We also examined the potential of resilience and the role of hopelessness in mediating the relationship between BCE and life satisfaction.MethodsA total of 850 university students from Turkey (n = 371), Portugal (n = 248), and India (n = 231), aged 17 to 58 years (M = 22.12, SD = 4.41), participated in the study. Participants completed an online protocol consisting of measures to assess BCEs, life satisfaction, resilience, and hopelessness.ResultsBCEs, hopelessness, and life satisfaction have significantly differed among the samples based on the country of residence. BCEs were positively correlated to resilience and life satisfaction and negatively to hopelessness. In the sequential mediation model, after controlling for country and sex, resilience and hopelessness sequentially mediated the relationship between BCEs and life satisfaction. BCEs were associated with life satisfaction, resilience, and hopelessness across countries and sexes. The model explains 42.8% of the variability.ConclusionDespite differences between countries, BCEs are important predictors of adult well-being in all three countries and should be monitored along with ACE. Further, resilience seems to have an important role in lowering the negative consequences of lower BCEs and feelings of hopelessness, pointing to the need to strengthen psychological resilience among adults.

A hybrid self-supervised model predicting life satisfaction in South Korea.

Life satisfaction pertains to an individual's subjective evaluation of their life quality, grounded in their personal criteria. It stands as a crucial cognitive aspect of subjective wellbeing, offering a reliable gauge of a person's comprehensive wellbeing status. In this research, our objective is to develop a hybrid self-supervised model tailored for predicting individuals' life satisfaction in South Korea. We employed the Busan Metropolitan City Social Survey Data in 2021, a comprehensive dataset compiled by the Big Data Statistics Division of Busan Metropolitan City. After preprocessing, our analysis focused on a total of 32,390 individuals with 51 variables. We developed the self-supervised pre-training TabNet model as a key component of this study. In addition, we integrated the proposed model with the Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanation (LIME) technique to enhance the ease and intuitiveness of interpreting local model behavior. The performance of our advanced model surpassed conventional tree-based ML models, registering an AUC of 0.7778 for the training set and 0.7757 for the test set. Furthermore, our integrated model simplifies and clarifies the interpretation of local model actions, effectively navigating past the intricate nuances of TabNet's standard explanatory mechanisms. Our proposed model offers a transparent understanding of AI decisions, making it a valuable tool for professionals in the social sciences and psychology, even if they lack expertise in data analytics.

Sociodemographic aspects, beliefs about lifestyles, and religiosity as predictors of life satisfaction in Peruvian university students: a cross-sectional study.

Beliefs and practices related to healthy lifestyles and religiosity can play an important role in overall well-being. However, few studies have explored the association between these factors and life satisfaction in the university context. This study examined the association between sociodemographic aspects, lifestyle beliefs, and religiosity with life satisfaction in university students. A cross-sectional predictive study was conducted during the months of March and May 2024 at a private university located in the northern region of Peru. Validated instruments were distributed that included a lifestyle beliefs scale, the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire-Short Form (SCSRFQ-SF), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and a sociodemographic data section. A total of 1,258 students participated in the study. Multiple linear regression models were used for predictive analysis. Being a student of foreign origin, compared to being Peruvian, is negatively and significantly associated with life satisfaction (β = -0.066, p = 0.003). In contrast, a positive association is observed between belonging to the Faculty of Health Sciences (β = 0.119, p = 0.048) and life satisfaction, compared to students from other faculties. Furthermore, lifestyle beliefs (β = 0.579; p < 0.001) and religiosity (β = 0.182; p < 0.001) are positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction. These findings suggest that universities and health professionals should consider promoting healthy lifestyles and supporting religious practices as important strategies to improve student life satisfaction, considering relevant sociodemographic aspects.

Heterogeneity in happiness: A latent profile analysis of single emerging adults.

Whether attending college, entering the workforce, or finding a romantic partner, single emerging adults navigate a pivotal stage of their lives. The present cross-sectional study sought to examine the heterogeneity in happiness of single emerging adults (N = 1,073) with a person-centered, group-differential approach. Using five predictors of life satisfaction (friendship satisfaction, family satisfaction, self-esteem, neuroticism, and extraversion) as indicators in latent profile analysis (LPA), we identified five distinct profiles (or groups) of young singles. The profiles, ordered from favorable to unfavorable indicator patterns, presented diverse shape and level differences that corresponded to varying happiness levels. Singles in Profile 1 with the most favorable indicator patterns (e.g., high friendship satisfaction, low neuroticism) were the happiest, while those in Profile 5 with the least favorable indicator patterns (e.g., low friendship satisfaction, high neuroticism) were the unhappiest. In the middle profiles, singles often offset disadvantages in one area (e.g., high neuroticism) with advantages in others (e.g., high friendship satisfaction) to achieve average to somewhat high levels of happiness. Importantly, friendship satisfaction emerged as a vital indicator, often distinguishing which singles were happy or not. Covariate analyses further validated the profiles and revealed additional profile differences (e.g., gender, anxiety, depression). Overall, our findings underscore the essential role of satisfying friendships in promoting the well-being of single emerging adults.

Foreign language teachers' PERMA well-being and life satisfaction: Mediating role of teaching effectiveness

BackgroundTeacher well-being, encompassing emotional, psychological, and social dimensions, significantly influences teaching effectiveness. Understanding the factors that enhance teacher well-being and effectiveness is crucial, particularly amidst global teacher shortages and high turnover rates. MethodThe present study gathered data from 252 university-level foreign language teachers from eight provinces in China. Participants completed measures assessing well-being (using the PERMA model), teaching effectiveness, and life satisfaction scales through online surveys. Data were analyzed using JASP and SPSS for regression and mediation analyses. ResultsThe findings revealed that Positive emotions and relationships significantly predicted life satisfaction, while accomplishment significantly predicted teaching effectiveness. Both teaching effectiveness and overall well-being were significant predictors of life satisfaction. However, teaching effectiveness did not significantly mediate the relationship between overall well-being and life satisfaction, indicating that these factors independently contribute to life satisfaction. ConclusionOur findings share the inclusion of PERMA principles in enhancing teaching effectiveness and life satisfaction among foreign language teachers. Constructive future directions are suggested for professional development for improving teacher well-being and effectiveness.

Academic burnout and family communication as predictors of life satisfaction in Peruvian university students

Academic burnout and family communication as predictors of life satisfaction in Peruvian university students

Antecedents of Life Satisfaction Among Women in Kashmir: An Empirical Study From India

Psychologists believe that life satisfaction is a crucial indicator of an individual's overall health and happiness, regardless of their work or culture. This topic has been extensively researched, with the authors identifying novel antecedents of life happiness. Life satisfaction and health are strongly related, and enhancing one area can improve the other. Frequent shifts in life satisfaction can be harmful to overall health and life expectancy. However, there is still potential to investigate life satisfaction from a fresh perspective, particularly in the Indian context. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing people's levels of pleasure in life, focusing on three categories of women in the Kashmir region: single women, married women, and widowed women. The study used a quantitative research design, including all three types of women: married, unmarried, and widowed. The research objectives were to study optimism, spirituality, resilience, and social support as predictors of life satisfaction among unmarried, married, and widowed women in Kashmir. The findings showed that optimism, spirituality, resilience, and perceived social support all have a beneficial impact on one's level of life satisfaction. Self-confidence under pressure has the biggest impact on life satisfaction, while optimism has the lowest effect amongst all variables.

Gender differences in adolescents' life satisfaction: A replication study in Kazakhstan.

Whether adolescents' life satisfaction varies with gender is unclear. In a recently published study, Brisson et al. found unadjusted mean scores of life satisfaction to be higher in boys than in girls in Luxembourg, a country ranking high in gender-equality indexes. However, gender was no longer predictive of life satisfaction when well-identified predictors of life satisfaction were included in the model. The present work aimed to replicate Brisson et al.'s study in Kazakhstan, a less gender-equal country than Luxembourg, and test the gender-equality-paradox hypothesis. We used cross-sectional data from the Health-Behavior in School-aged Children study conducted in 2022 to mirror Brisson et al.'s study design. We relied on a nationally representative sample of 7369 school attendees in Kazakhstan (MAGE = 13.4; SDAGE = 1.7; 52.3% female). We performed general linear modeling analyses to achieve our research goals. In keeping with Brisson et al.'s study, we found unadjusted mean scores of life satisfaction to be higher in boys than in girls. The magnitude of the gender gap was lower in Kazakhstan than in Luxembourg. In contrast to Brisson et al.'s study, controlling for well-identified predictors of life satisfaction did not annul the gap in question but changed its sign. This result suggests that, ceteris paribus, girls were more satisfied with their life than boys. Overall, our replication study supports the gender-equality-paradox hypothesis. Future studies may investigate whether this paradox stems from gendered criteria of life satisfaction assessment and/or sociobiological differences in health profiles.

Impacts of Direct and Indirect Experiences of Climate Change on Life Satisfaction

The ongoing climate change crisis has significant effects on young people’s wellbeing. While existing literature highlights its impact on various dimensions of wellbeing, the relationship between climate change and life satisfaction is not well understood due to limited research in this area. To address this gap, we investigated whether university students who had personally or vicariously experienced climate-related events reported lower life satisfaction compared to students who had not experienced climate related events. Contrary to what was anticipated, our multiple regression analysis of data from 919 first- and second-year Carleton University students revealed that neither direct nor indirect climate change experiences predicted life satisfaction. We speculate that participants’ evaluations of life satisfaction may not solely rely on discrete moments but also consider factors beyond their control, such as extreme weather events. These findings underscore the need to explore how climate change affects personal wellbeing among younger populations.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Physical Capability, Social Support, Loneliness, Depression, Anxiety, and Life Satisfaction in Older Adults.

Physical capability, social support, loneliness, depression, and anxiety predict life satisfaction in older adults. Currently, no systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted to investigate the strength of these associations globally. Therefore, this study quantified the strength of these associations. A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus. We included observational studies assessing the association between physical capability, social support, loneliness, depression, and anxiety with life satisfaction in adults aged 65+. In total, 10,552 articles were identified, of which 78 studies in 164,478 participants were included in the systematic review and 57 were included in the meta-analysis. Greater life satisfaction was significantly associated with greater physical capabilities (odds ratio [OR] = 2.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01-3.45; p < .001, k = 35, n = 33,732), higher social support (OR = 3.27; 95% CI: 2.59-4.13, k = 20 studies, n = 13,228), reduced loneliness (OR = 3.30; 95% CI: 2.53-4.30, k = 11, n = 33,638), depression (OR = 4.76; 95% CI: 3.10-7.32, k = 24, n = 64,097), and anxiety (OR = 5.10; 95% CI: 2.21-11.78, k = 5, n = 43,368). The strength of associations did not vary between Western and Eastern countries, year of publication, or quality. Gender was a moderator: Loneliness was more strongly associated with life satisfaction in females. Age was also a moderator; the association between social support and life satisfaction weakened with increasing age. Improving the physical capabilities of older individuals, fostering social support, and alleviating feelings of loneliness, depression, and anxiety may help build life satisfaction in older individuals, which policy-makers and healthcare professionals should prioritize when implementing strategies.

Hope for the best or prepare for the worst? Calm perseverance, not vigilant monitoring, contributes to adolescent life satisfaction.

Which kind of self-regulatory strategies contribute to life satisfaction in adolescence? In the present research, we tested two competing hypotheses arguing that either a strategy of vigilant monitoring of opportunities for working towards goal achievement or a calm perseverance strategy steadily working towards goals in a slower pace would promote life satisfaction in a large and diverse sample of adolescents. We also tested whether the employment of these strategies would hinge on perceptions of goal importance and goal attainability. Employing a longitudinal design, we found support that calm perseverance was the sole significant predictor of life satisfaction regardless of goal perceptions. Vigilant monitoring only contributed indirectly to life satisfaction through its positive effects on calm perseverance. Using a calm perseverance strategy was supported by perceiving one's goals as attainable. These findings bear important implications for self-regulation theory that has highlighted goal progress as a prerequisite for well-being.

Do resources make adolescents happier? Belief in a just world as an adaptive mediator between subjective socioeconomic status and life satisfaction

Life satisfaction is adaptive, yet the antecedents of its adaptability require further exploration. Drawing from evolutionary psychology, this study aimed to investigate the adaptive mechanisms underlying happiness among adolescents, considering that adaptation involves subjective evaluation, including both first-order and second-order evaluations. Through a cross-sectional study (Study 1) and a longitudinal study (Study 2), this research examined the impact of subjective socioeconomic status on life satisfaction and the mediating roles of general and personal belief in a just world. Findings from both studies indicated that subjective socioeconomic status positively predicts life satisfaction. Moreover, it was the general belief in a just world, rather than the personal belief in a just world, that mediated this relationship. This study examined how evolutionary theory and second-order evaluation theory explain the impact of subjective socioeconomic status on life satisfaction, emphasizing the belief in a just world as a crucial adaptive belief mediating this relationship. We should emphasize the belief in a just world among adolescents with low subjective socioeconomic status, as a strategy to boost their long-term happiness. By fostering a sense of fairness and acceptance in adolescents' evaluations of their socioeconomic status, we can better promote their mental health and overall happiness.

Predictors of life satisfaction among older men living alone: Analysis of the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans: A cross-sectional study

Predictors of life satisfaction among older men living alone: Analysis of the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans: A cross-sectional study

The Mediating Role of Perception of Society Between Income Inequality and Life Satisfaction. Insights from the European Social Survey

The mechanisms between inequality and well-being are not fully known. There is a body of knowledge assuming personal information on the social environment can be important here. In this article, we consider this perception of society (POS) as a mediator between income inequality and life satisfaction. Our research questions are: 1) How are various measures of income inequality associated with life satisfaction, and 2) does the POS mediate the effect of inequality on life satisfaction? The individual-level data come from the European Social Survey 2008 (N = 56,752) and the macro-level data from OECD and World Bank. We use a comprehensive and psychometrically valid measure of the POS to capture individuals' full societal perceptions. The data is analysed with a multilevel linear regression and the mediation effect is tested with a Sobel test. The results reveal significant differences between indicators of income inequality in their ability to predict life satisfaction. Moreover, POS is strongly associated with life satisfaction and mediates the association of income inequality on life satisfaction. In addition, we observed the so-called ‘saturation effect.’ The effect of POS depends on objective conditions—the better the society, the smaller the effect.

Work life-related loneliness among nurse managers and its effect on life satisfaction: Turkey's example.

To determine the effects of perceived workplace loneliness on life satisfaction among nurses working as managers. Nurses working as managers often encounter negative situations, and their consequences extend beyond their professional responsibilities to encompass nonprofessional domains, including life satisfaction. This study enrolled 158 nurse managers (NMs) after gaining their consent. Data from the descriptive cross-sectional study were obtained using the "Descriptive Information Form," "Loneliness in Work Life Scale," and "Life Satisfaction Scale." The relationship between relevant scales was assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. A moderately strong, negative, and significant relationship was observed between work life-related loneliness and life satisfaction among NMs. Multiple regression analysis revealed that three independent variables-two LAWS subscales and the job satisfaction status-significantly affected NMs' life satisfaction (adjusted R2=0.39, p<0.001). Perceived loneliness and professional satisfaction are important predictors of life satisfaction among NMs. Thus, it is crucial to determine the factors that negatively affect the professional satisfaction and perceived loneliness of nurses working as managers and to implement psychosocial interventions in such cases. This study demonstrates the significance of identifying problems in the professional lives of NMs, who are involved in planning nursing services and implementing interventions to address these problems.

Using machine learning to explore the predictors of life satisfaction trajectories in older adults.

Life satisfaction is vital for older adults' well-being, impacting various life aspects. It is dynamic, necessitating nuanced approaches to capture its trajectories accurately. This study aimed to explore the diverse trajectories and predictors of life satisfaction among older adults in China using longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Latent class growth modeling and growth mixture modeling were employed to identify distinct trajectories of life satisfaction. Machine learning (ML) models were developed to predict different trajectories and identify important predictors of different trajectories. Four distinct trajectories of life satisfaction were identified, showcasing nuanced patterns of life satisfaction that changed over time. ML models, especially random forest, effectively predicted these trajectories. Emotional experiences (particularly the frequency of happiness and loneliness), body mass index, and self-report health emerged as significant predictors of different life satisfaction trajectories. Our finding revealed the importance of focusing on individuals or groups with consistently low life satisfaction and paying more attention to mental and physical health predictors. Our models might guide future targeted preventative treatments.

Relations between grit, career adaptability, and life satisfaction: a moderated mediation model

AbstractDrawing on the career construction model of adaptation, the present study investigates whether grit predicts life satisfaction via career adaptability and how university students’ age moderates this mediated relationship. Using a sample of 338 Turkish university students, the results show that career adaptability mediated the relationships between grit and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the relationship between career adaptability and life satisfaction was stronger among relatively younger university students. University students’ age further moderated the indirect effect of grit on life satisfaction via career adaptability. The indirect effect of grit on life satisfaction was stronger among relatively younger college students. Implications are discussed.

Motives for Playing Video Games as Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Croatian Players of Online Video Games

Motives for Playing Video Games as Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Croatian Players of Online Video Games