Pre-test Practice Research Articles

Impact of a Structured Training Program Regarding Care of Patients with Chest Tube Drainage in Terms of Knowledge and Practices of Nurses Working in a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in North India

Introduction: A chest tube (hollow, flexible drainage tube) placement is a procedure in which a tube is inserted by an aseptic technique through the side of the chest wall into the pleural space. The complication rate in patients with ICD has been found high, resulting from inadequate knowledge of thoracic anatomy or/and insufficient clinical training and experience. Objective: Assessing the efficacy of a structured Clinical training program regarding the care of patients with chest tube drainage, assessing existing and gained knowledge and practices level, and finding the association between the sociodemographic variables and knowledge and practices. Material and Methods: In this Prospective study, 200 nurses participated in the study; pre-test and Post-test research designs were applied in this study. Data collection was done by using of probability random sampling technique. Result: The Pre-test Mean knowledge score was 8.77 with a standard deviation of 2.08 and the Mean practical knowledge score was 7.6 with a standard deviation of 2. When participants' knowledge and practices were checked before the training program, 58 % (116) subjects had Good Knowledge, 22.5 % (45) had average knowledge, 17.5 % (35) had excellent knowledge, and 2 % (4) had poor knowledge scores. When participants' practical knowledge was checked before the training program, 49 % (98) subjects had good practice scores, 43 % (86) had average practice scores, 5.5 % (11) had excellent practice scores, and 2.5 % (5) had poor practice scores. Posttest mean knowledge score was 10.56 with a standard deviation of 1.86. Posttest mean Practical knowledge score was 10.57 with a standard deviation of 2.26. After the structured clinical training program, 57.5 % (23) had an adequate knowledge score, 40 % (16) had a moderate level of knowledge score, and 2.5 % (1) had inadequate knowledge. After the structured clinical training program, 50 % (100) had an excellent practice score and 42 % (84) had a good practice score, and 8 % (16) had an average practice score. An association was found between existing knowledge score and marital status, between post-test knowledge and Religion as calculated p-values of the Fisher Exact test that is 0.036, 0.017 is smaller than the alpha value 0.05. In the Practical Knowledge score, an association between pre-test practice scores and the number of previous ICD training was found, as the calculated p-value of the fisher Exact test 0.04 was smaller than the alpha value of 0.05. Conclusions: In the care of a patient who has an Inter-costal chest tube, need much attention as comparing other, because the handling of the ICD tube and bag, emptying of a bag, and transportation of the ICD patient need careful action. In our study, we found that existing knowledge and Practice of ICD care procedures are not satisfactory with the traditional teaching approach, bedside clinical training is a beneficial approach that will significantly improve the Knowledge and Knowledge in practice. Keywords: ICD Care, Intercostal drainage, Chest tube care, Thoracic tube care

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding Home Care Management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus among Prediabetes patients in selected Wards of Chunakkara Panchayath, Aleppey District

Kerala is the diabetes capital of India. The prevalence of diabetes closely reflects the lifestyle of a population. The purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme (STP) on knowledge, attitude and practice regarding home care management of Type II Diabetes mellitus among prediabetes patients in selected wards of Chunakkara Panchayat in Aleppey District. The research method adopted for this study was quantitative method, pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design. The investigator carried out pre-clinical assessment among 250 subjects from the selected wards of Chunakkara Panchayath out of which 50-prediabetes subjects were chosen using non-probability purposive sampling technique. The researcher assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding home care management of Type II Diabetes mellitus using a structured questionnaire, attitude scale and self- reported practice checklist followed by a structured teaching programme. The study revealed that among the 50 subjects nearly half of the subjects (42 %) were between the age group of 51 - 60 years and 58% were females. During pre-test out of the 50 subjects, 52% had poor knowledge, 48% had average knowledge; 52% of the subjects had an average attitude, 42% has a poor attitude; 74% had a poor practice, 13% has a satisfactory level of practice. Whereas in post-test 84% had good knowledge, 16% had average knowledge; 84% had good attitude, 16% had average attitude; 26% had good practice and 74% had satisfactory level of practice regarding home care management of Type II diabetes mellitus. The paired’ value obtained was 26.63, 18.322 and 16.46 respectively. Hence, research hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of significance. The pre-test practice was associated with the sociodemographic variable age and no other associations found. The study concluded that structured teaching programme is very effective to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice.

A pre- experimental study to assess the effectiveness of educational intervention on knowledge and practice regarding diarrhea management among mothers of under -five children in under five clinic of sub-district hospital bijbehara, Anantnag, Kashmir

Each day thousands of under five children around the world suffer from diarrhea. Diarrhea can cause severe illness and even can lead to death in under five children. As per World Health organization diarrhea is defined as the loose, watery stools that occur more frequently than usual. Diarrhea is usually caused by virus, or sometimes, contaminated food. Less frequently, it can be a sign of another disorder, such as inflammatory bowel disease or irritable bowel syndrome. 40 under five mothers were selected from Sub district hospital Bijbehara, Anantnag Kashmir. Purposive sampling technique was used for selecting the sample. A structured interview questionnaire was used to collect data. The findings revealed that among demographic variables most of the subjects were in the age of 25-35 years (60%), (22.5%) of them were in the age group of 18-25 years, and (17.5%) were in the age group of above 35, that pretest knowledge score shows that 5 (12.5%) of the participants had inadequate knowledge. 31 (77.5%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 4(10%) had adequate knowledge. Similarly, post test knowledge score shows that (0%) of the participants had inadequate knowledge, 13(32.5%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 27(67.5%) had adequate knowledge this indicates that mean post test knowledge score 15.25 is higher than the mean pretest 10.93 the obtained t value is 13.557 is significant at p<0.05. The pre test practice score shows that 295%) had of the participants had inadequate knowledge, 28(70%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 10(25%) had adequate knowledge, similarly post test practice shows that none of the participant had inadequate knowledge, 8(20%) had moderately adequate knowledge, and 32(80%) had adequate knowledge. This, indicates that mean post test knowledge score 16.1 is higher than mean pretest practice score 12.23. Of the obtained t value 14.839 is significant at p <0.05.The findings of the study revealed that educational intervention is helpful for the mothers of under five children to manage diarrhea in early stage and its prevention for further complications.

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE REGARDING BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT AMONG HOUSEKEEPING STAFF OF GOVERNMENT DOON MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL , DEHRADUN

Biomedical waste is defined as the waste segregated from the healthcare system that can be contagious, infective and hazardous. If this type of harmful waste is not managed properly it can lead to various health hazards. Thus, the housekeeping staff that are responsible for maintaining cleanliness in hospital and discarding waste should have keen knowledge about Biomedical waste and its handling. Objective- 1. To assess the pre-test knowledge and practice of housekeeping staff regarding biomedical waste management. 2. To assess the post-test knowledge and practice of housekeeping staff regarding biomedical waste management. 3. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and practice regarding biomedical waste management among housekeeping staff. 4. To find out the correlation between knowledge and practice regarding biomedical waste management among housekeeping staff 5. To find out the association between the pre-test level of knowledge and practice score of housekeeping staff with their selected demographic variable. Methodology- A quantitative research approach with pre-experimental research design was used to assess pre test and post test knowledge and practice of housekeeping staff regarding biomedical waste management. A total of 70 samples were taken by using convenience sampling technique. Self structured questionnaire and practice checklist was used to assess knowledge and practice of housekeeping staff. Results- The findings of our study shows that the mean score and standard deviation of pre test knowledge is 6.91±2.37 and post test knowledge is 13.87±1.96 whereas of pre test practice is 3.90±1.78 and post test practice is 8.46±1.00. The t value of knowledge was 21.87 and of practice was 19.37 which is more than tabulated t value 2.00. p<0.05 which shows that there is significant difference in knowledge and practice after the structured teaching programme among the housekeeping staff regarding biomedical waste management.. Conclusion-The findings indicates significant improvement in level of knowledge and practice regarding biomedical waste management among housekeeping staff of Govt. Doon Medical College Hospital, Dehradun.

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Program on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Hygiene Among Preschool Children at a Selected Primary School in Vellore

Background and objective Dental caries is one of the most common health problems affecting children. Dental exam is recommended in the school health program at least once a year. Nurses take part in teaching parents kids and teachers about oral hygiene. However it has never been demonstrated that sloppy teeth brushing can stop dental cavities. The effectiveness of plaque removal depends on the type of toothbrush used. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene among preschool children pre and post intervention of a video-assisted program regarding oral hygiene.Methodology A quantitative research approach was adopted for this study. Quasi-experimental design was used in the study to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching program on knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene among preschool children at a selected school in Vellore. The study was conducted including 60 pre-school children from pre-K.G L.K.G U.K.G children from Susanrsquos kinder garden school Vellore. The researcher selected subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria using random sampling. The subjects were interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge and an observational checklist to assess the practice regarding oral hygiene and Fones brushing technique. Post test was conducted after one week.Results In the experimental group the mean pre-test score was 7.3 with a standard deviation of 2.8 while the mean post-test score was 15.7 with a standard deviation of 2.12 in the experimental group. The average disparity was 8.4. At the 0.05 level the obtained t value of 14.8 was highly significant. The estimated t value was the same as the mean pretest practice score of 3.4 with SD 1.4 and the post-test practice score of 8.3 with SD 2.9 the calculated t value was 17.5 which was highly significant at p lt0.05 level. There was a significant difference between the mean pre-and post-test levels of knowledge and practice among preschool children in the experimental group. Thus the video assisted teaching program was effective in improving the levels of knowledge and practice among preschool children in the experimental group.Conclusion The brushing methods used were least efficient according to this study. Training in oral hygiene should be based on a childs motor skill level and developmental stage. It is crucial to consider variations in tooth-brushing abilities especially in younger children. Each child needs intense customized training to achieve the techniques desired effects.

A Study to assess the effect of Structured Teaching Programme on the level of knowledge and practice on administration of Insulin among Diabetic patients and their caregivers admitted in Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur

A study to assess the effect of structured teaching program on the level of knowledge and practice on administration of insulin among diabetic patients and their care givers in selected wards of JMMC&RI, Thrissur. Objectives: to assess the level of knowledge and practice on administration of insulin among diabetic patients and their care givers before and after intervention, to compare the level of knowledge and practice on administration of insulin among diabetic patients and their caregivers before and after intervention and to associate the pre-test level of knowledge and practice in administration of insulin among diabetes patients and their care givers with selected socio demographic and clinical data variables. Methodology: The study was conducted among 30 diabetes patients on insulin therapy using pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design. Samples were selected by purposive sampling technique. The tool used for the study had 3 sections: Section A - Socio demographic and clinical data variables where the items include age, gender, marital status, educational status, occupation, monthly income, family history of diabetes mellitus, duration of illness, duration of insulin treatment, person administering insulin, any prior teachings on insulin administration and its source; Section B - Structured knowledge questionnaire; Section C - Structured practice checklist. Result: On data analysis it reveals that 14(46.7%) belongs to the age group of 61-80 years, 19(63.3%) are male, 29(96.7%) are married, 11(36.7%) have high school education, 18(60%) were unemployed‚ 14(46.7%) samples have family history of diabetes mellitus, 13(43.3%) have diabetes for less than 5 years and 4(13.3%) have duration of 11-15 years, 13(43.3%) take insulin for less than 1 year, 14(46.7%) administered insulin by themselves, 23(76.7%) had prior knowledge on insulin administration. The mean post-test knowledge score (19.46) of diabetic patients was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (10.2). The computed ‘t’ value (-19.631 ) showed a significant difference between the pre- test and posttest knowledge scores. The mean post-test practice score (19.60) of 30 diabetic patients was found to be significantly higher than their pre-test practice scores. There was a statistically significant relationship between the knowledge and practice level after structured teaching program (P<0.001). There was no significant association between knowledge and practice with selected socio demographic and clinical data variables. The teaching program was accepted by all subjects and showed their interest to learn the administration of insulin.

“Effectiveness of Planned Demonstration on Aseptic Medical Wound Dressing in Terms of Practice among Staff Nurses in Selected Hospitals of Gwalior”

Background: Wound dressing procedures are very common and if wound contamination is limited, then there is a less chance of infection. The investigator felt a strong need to conduct a planned demonstration on aseptic wound dressing technique which would help the staff nurses to develop proper practice and skill in aseptic wound dressing. The aim of the study was to determine the practice on aseptic medical wound dressing technique among staff nurses before planned demonstration as measured by an observation checklist and evaluate the effectiveness of planned demonstration in terms of practice of aseptic medical wound dressing technique among staff nurses.Materials and Method: A quasi experimental, time series design was adapted for the study. The conceptual framework of the present study was developed by the investigator based on the Weidenbach’s Prescriptive Theory. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the XI samples consisted of 30 staff nurses based on their inclusion criteria. A structured observational checklist consisted of 51 items was used to evaluate the effectiveness of planned demonstration on aseptic medical wound dressing technique.Results: In pre- test majority (66.7%) of the staff nurses have an average practice on aseptic medical wound dressing where as in post test 1, majority (96.7%) of the staff nurses have good practice and in post test 2 (100%) and post test 3 all (100%) the staff nurses have good practice on aseptic medical wound dressing. The mean post-test 1 (44.5±4.2), post test 2 (48.7±0.93) and post test 3 (48.7±0.93) practice scores are higher than pre-test practice score (21.5±5.5). The calculated t value (33.3) is greater than table value (t 29=2.262) at 0.05 level of significance. There is a significant association of source of knowledge of staff nurses with pre-test practice scores and there is no significant association found between age, sex, education, years of experience and present area of working with pre- test practice scores. Also there is no significant association found between age, sex, education, years of experience, present area of working and source of knowledge with post- test practice scores.Conclusion: The findings of the study proved that the planned demonstration on aseptic medical wound dressing is an effective measure to improve the staff nurses level of practice. The nurses can learn about the aseptic measures maintained during dressing preparation phase, dressing execution phase and post procedure phase.

Pre-Experimental Study to Assess the Impact of Awareness Program on Practice Regarding Bio-Medical Waste Management among Staff Nurses at Selected Hospital Kashmir

The aim of this study is to provide adequate awareness on practice among staff nurses regarding bio-medical waste management. Biomedical Wastes are those potential hazardous materials, consisting of solids, liquids, articles, sharps, and laboratory waste which pose a grave danger to the health of humans as well as other living organisms and in some cases, it may be lethal too. It is extremely important that the waste must be properly managed and disposed of safely so as to prevent outbreak of infections to general public and in health care settings in a society. According to the Ministry of Environment and Forests gross generation of biomedical waste in India is 4, 05,702 kg/day of which only 2, 91,983 kg/day is disposed, which means that almost 28% of the wastes is left untreated. The medical personals are more to get infection if not properly categorized and managed. Therefore, On the basis of these views a study was conducted to assess the impact of awareness program on practice regarding bio -medical waste management among staff nurses at selected hospital of Kashmir. For which 50 subjects were selected by purposive sampling technique. After data collection observational checklist was used to assess the practice among subjects. The data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics by using chi-square and t-test. The findings revealed that the mean posttest practice level score (15.80), standard deviation 1.979, was significantly higher than mean pretest practice level score 13.96, standard deviation 3.319 among study subjects which indicated that observational checklist was highly effective in enhancing the practice among staff nurses at mean difference 1.84. The study also concluded that there were statistically no significant association between demographic variables (p=0.000) of staff nurses with their pre-test practice scores at 0.05 level of significance

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SKILL BASED TRAINING PROGRAM FOR FIRST RESPONDER ON SELECTED EMERGENCIES IN TERMS OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF COLLEGE STUDENTS OF SELECTED DISTRICT OF HARYANA.

Introduction: In most of the developing countries, there is no formal system to provide pre-hospital care in the eld. In country like India, Emergency Medical Services are fragmented and not accessible throughout the country. In India, it is found that the injured victim usually is rescued by a Good Samaritan passer-by and are transported to medical care facilities by law enforcement personnel, especially in violent situations, private or public vehicles, motorcycles, wheelbarrows or other means. Materials And Methods: A single-arm before-after intervention study was conducted after ethical clearance, in Chhotu Ram College of Education, Rohtak, Haryana, to assess the effectiveness of skill based training program for rst responder on selected emergencies in terms of knowledge and practice of fty college students who were selected by simple random sampling method, by using structured knowledge questionnaire and structured observation checklist. The mean post-test knowledge score (29.4), and mean post-test practice score (23.2)Results: was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge and pre-test practice score respectively. The mean difference was tested at 0.01 level of signicance for both knowledge and practice scores. There was a signicant positive correlation between post-test knowledge and practice scores, with a “r” value (0.67) which was statistically signicant at 0.01 level of signicance. Findings revealed that the skill based training program was found to be effective in improving knowledge and practice of college students as rst responder on selected emergencies. The study concludedConclusion: that skill based training program for rst responder on selected emergencies was effective and able to improve the knowledge and practice of college students about rst responder. So, in India, where there is no emergency medical system existing, such training programs can enhance and build informal emergency task force.

Effectiveness of Nursing Care Bundle in Terms of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Care of Patients on Mechanical Ventilator among Nursing Personnel

Background- Covid-19 Pandemic has proved the Nurse’s crucial role in health care delivery systemand providing nursing care to critically ill patients. It is a challenge for nurses as they need to be astute,competent, compassionate and critical thinker when they have to take care of patients on mechanicalventilator. Aim– To assess knowledge and practices regarding care of patients on mechanical ventilatoramong nursing personnel before and after administration of Nursing Care Bundle (NCB) in experimentaland comparison group. Material and method. A Quasi Experimental non Equivalent comparison grouppretest post test design used in thus study. 65 nursing personnels (30 experimental and 35 comparisongroups) were selected from hospitals of North India using convenience sampling technique. NCBwas administered in experimental group. Structured knowledge questionairre, Structured ObservationChecklist for practices was used to collect data before and after intervention. Results- The mean posttest knowledge and practices scores of nursing personnel in experimental and comparison groups were(21.6 ± 3.84, 30.83 ± 4.51) and (17.54 ± 2.76, 19.54 ± 4.17) respectively. There was significant differencebetween mean pre test and post test knowledge and practices scores (p=0.00).There was statistically nosignificant correlation between post test knowledge and practices score [r=0.16 (0.39)] among nursingpersonnel in experimental group at the level of significance 0.05.There was significant association ofselected variable in area of gender (0.02) in experimental and education (0.02) in comparison groupwith pre test knowledge scores , also there was a significant association of selected variable in area ofgender in experimental (0.03) and present area of working (0.03) in comparison group with pre testpractices score. Conclusion- Nursing Care Bundle was effective in improving knowledge and practicesof nursing personnel.

Newborn care

A neonate is also called a newborn. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of simulation training on knowledge and practice regarding newborn care among staff nurses. Research design: A quasi experimental non randomized control group design was used. Sampling and sampling technique: Sixty staff nurses each in experimental and control group a were selected by non probability purposive sampling for the study in Rohilkhand Medical college hospital and Varunarjun Medical College Hospital. Knowledge and practice was assessed by using structured knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist.. The intervention included the simulation training of neonatal resuscitation and teaching on immediate and routine newborn care. Results and findings: The study findings revealed that the mean post-test knowledge score was higher i.e. (31.66±1.71) than the mean pretest knowledge score i.e. (20.68 ±4.68) in the experimental group. It revealed that the mean post-test practice score was higher i.e.( 24.71±0.45) than the mean pretest practice score i.e. (21.03 ±1.30) in the experimental group. Data revealed that the mean experimental group knowledge score was higher (31.66±1.17) than the mean control group knowledge score (26.03 ± 3.66). The difference was found to be statistically significant at p=0.05 level of significance.

Effectiveness of educational package on knowledge and practice regarding prevention of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) among patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD

Cardiovascular diseases are becoming a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, where communicable diseases are being brought under control. Among them coronary artery disease has become the most important cause of premature death and disability in the population. Therefore, present study aims to assess the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program (PTP) on knowledge and practice regarding prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD. Pre experimental research design was selected to conduct the study. 120 patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD were selected for this study by using purposive sampling technique. Result revealed that around 75% patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD had inadequate knowledge score and practice score in pre-test. Whereas in post-test approximately 80% patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD had adequate knowledge score and practice score. The Paired‘t’ test value for knowledge level was 33.67 and for practice level it was 29.41, which was greater than table value at .05 level of significance. This shows that there is significant difference between the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge and practice regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD. There was significant positive correlation r = 0.570 found between post-test knowledge score and post-test practice score. There was no significant association found between the pre-test knowledge score and pre-test practice score regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD with demographic variables. Conclusion: Study concluded with strong need for proper health education in enhancing knowledge and practice regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among patients with modifiable risk factors of CAD.

Diarrheal illnesses and Oral Rehydration therapy Comparative study on oral rehydration therapy among urban and rural mother.

A comparative study was conducted to assess the knowledge and practice on Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) among mothers of under six year children in selected urban and rural areas of District Fatehabad.” The sample size of the study comprised of 100 mothers (50 urban and 50 rural mothers). Systematic random sampling technique was considered appropriate for this study. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings reveals that Mean Knowledge Score of Rural was (14.44) and Mean Knowledge Score of Urban was (17.34) and Mean Pre-test Practice Score of Rural was (5.26) and Mean Pre Test Practice score of Urban is (5.56). The „t‟ Value calculated is greater than „t‟ Value tabulated. Findings related to association between knowledge& practice score of mothers regarding oral rehydration therapy with selected demographic variables. The statistical outcome of association between demographic variables of mothers with their knowledge & practice score regarding oral rehydration therapy. In order to examine the association between these variables the chi-square test was worked out. The difference was found to be statistically significant in all cases EXCEPT in three cases at p<0.05 level of significance.

Effectiveness of Nursing Care Bundle in Terms of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Care of Patients on Mechanical Ventilator among Nursing Personnel

Background- Covid-19 Pandemic has proved the Nurse’s crucial role in health care delivery systemand providing nursing care to critically ill patients. It is a challenge for nurses as they need to be astute,competent, compassionate and critical thinker when they have to take care of patients on mechanicalventilator. Aim– To assess knowledge and practices regarding care of patients on mechanical ventilatoramong nursing personnel before and after administration of Nursing Care Bundle (NCB) in experimentaland comparison group. Material and method. A Quasi Experimental non Equivalent comparison grouppretest post test design used in thus study. 65 nursing personnels (30 experimental and 35 comparisongroups) were selected from hospitals of North India using convenience sampling technique. NCBwas administered in experimental group. Structured knowledge questionairre, Structured ObservationChecklist for practices was used to collect data before and after intervention. Results- The mean posttest knowledge and practices scores of nursing personnel in experimental and comparison groups were(21.6 ± 3.84, 30.83 ± 4.51) and (17.54 ± 2.76, 19.54 ± 4.17) respectively. There was significant differencebetween mean pre test and post test knowledge and practices scores (p=0.00).There was statistically nosignificant correlation between post test knowledge and practices score [r=0.16 (0.39)] among nursingpersonnel in experimental group at the level of significance 0.05.There was significant association ofselected variable in area of gender (0.02) in experimental and education (0.02) in comparison groupwith pre test knowledge scores , also there was a significant association of selected variable in area ofgender in experimental (0.03) and present area of working (0.03) in comparison group with pre testpractices score. Conclusion- Nursing Care Bundle was effective in improving knowledge and practicesof nursing personnel.

A Study to Assess Effectiveness of Instructional Teaching Programme on Level of Knowledge and Practices of Prevention of Pneumonia among Mothers of under Five Children in Selected Villages, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, India

Back ground: An experimental study was conducted to assess the effects of instructional teaching programme (ITP) on knowledge and practices of mothers regarding prevention of pneumonia in children, Pooncherry, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.Objectives of the study were to assess the effectiveness of ITP on prevention of pneumonia on level of knowledge and practices among mothers of under five children.
 Materials and Methods: Non probability purposive technique was adopted for this study. Samples who met inclusion criteria were participated in the study. Self-structured interview schedule for knowledge and structured rating scale for practices were used to collect the data.
 Results: The study results shows that in the pre test 15.13 % of the mothers had adequate knowledge, 24.34 % of the mothers were had moderately adequate knowledge and 60.53 % of the mothers had inadequate knowledge and and in post test 63.17% of mothers were had adequate knowledge, 28.94% of the mothers had moderately adequate knowledge and very few (8.55% ) mothers had inadequate knowledge. Pre test practices score shows that 63.82 % of the mothers had less desirable practice, 22.37% of the mothers had moderate desirable practices and 13.81% were had highly desirable practices whereas in the post test 63.82% of them had highly desirable practice, 23.03% of them had moderate desirable practices and 13.16% of them had less desirable practices. The mean pretest knowledge score was 5.45 ± 1.47 and the mean posttest knowledge score was 8.49 ± 0.71 and the t value was 15.17, it shows that statistically there was an improvement in the post test knowledge score. The mean pretest practice score was 22.38 ± 2.76, the mean posttest practice score was 43.64 ±1.97 and the t value was 13.35, it shows that statistically there was a significant improvement in the post test practice score. The instructional teaching programme on prevention of pneumonia was statistically effective in promoting the knowledge and desirable practices among mothers.

Assess the Level of Practice regarding Prevention of Pressure Ulcer in bedridden patients among Nurses

Background: Pressure ulcers are the common conditions among patients hospitalized in acute and chronic care facilities and impose significant burden on patients, their relatives and caregivers. Now days, pressure ulcers are recognized worldwide as one of the five most common causes of harm to patients and preventable patient safety problem. It is also increasingly described as an indicator of the quality of care provided by health care organization. However, pressure ulcers are largely preventable. All patients who are identified as being at risk should have a management plan to prevent development of pressure ulcer, optimize healing, and prevent complications of existing pressure ulcer. Objectives: 1. To assess the level of practice regarding prevention of pressure ulcer in bedridden patients among nurses. 2. To determine the association between pre-test practice scores of nurses regarding prevention of pressure ulcer in bedridden patients with selected sample characteristics. Methodology: The research design used for this study was non – experimental descriptive design. The study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Population comprises of nurses (staff nurses and student nurses) working in a selected hospital. The sample size selected for this study consists of 60 nurses (staff nurses -24 and student nurses -36) who were working in medical, surgical wards and Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Nurses providing care to the patients who are bed ridden for more than 48 hours were included in the study. Non – probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples. The tool used in this study was socio-demographic profile of nurses (separate tool for staff nurses and student nurses) and observational checklist to assess the practice. Result: The overall practice scores of the 60 nurses revealed that 40(66.67%) had good practice, whereas 20(33.33%) samples had average practice and none of them had poor practice. Among of 24 staff nurses; 20(83.33%) had good practice, whereas 4(16.67%) had average practice and none of them had poor practice. Out of 36 student nurses; 20(55.56%) had good practice, whereas 16(44.44%) samples had average practice and none of them had poor practice. It was found that among socio-demographic variables none had association with the practice of staff nurses and student nurses too. Conclusion: The study concluded that continuing education programmes are needed to improve the practices of nurses. Nurses must be motivated to provide back care and position change every second hourly in bedridden patients.

Effectiveness of demonstration on practice regarding pulmonary rehabilitation techniques among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in selected hospital at Udaipur city, Rajasthan.

Practice related to demonstration on pulmonary rehabilitation techniques are posing a great threat globally in COPD patient's mortality and morbidity, COPD is an increasing health problem globally and India is not an exemption. The patients have poor practice related to pulmonary rehabilitation techniques. Present study is aimed to assess the effectiveness of demonstration on practice regarding pulmonary rehabilitation techniques among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in selected hospital at Udaipur city, Rajasthan. 60 samples was selected using Non probability purposive sampling techniques. The findings revealed that In pre test 88.33% respondents were found with poor level of practice whereas with post test 21.67% of the respondents had poor practice level, 11.67% respondents had average practice level in the pre test whereas in post test it was 75.00%, there were no respondents found with good practice level in pre test whereas in post test good respondents level improved to 3.33%. The study concluded that there was significant improvement in the level of practice of patient with COPD regarding pulmonary rehabilitation techniques. Which indicated that the demonstration was effective. The study also revealed that there is a significant association between pre test practice scores with selected socio demographic variables. Hence this kind of practice should be conducted from time to time for patients so that their practice can be improved by pulmonary rehabilitation techniques and reduce the breathing complications in COPD patients.

Health Promotional Life Style Intervention on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Prevention of Co-Morbid Conditions and Complications of Chronic Renal Failure among Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis is the most frequent treatment method for CRF. However, it has been argued that anumber of restrictions and modifications accompany this treatment, which have a detrimental impacton the quality of patient’s life and affect individuals’ physical and psychological well-being. Objectiveof the study was to assess health promotional life style modification regarding prevention of comorbidcondition and complications of chronic renal failure among hemodialysis patient. A QuantitativeResearch approach and Quasi experimental research design (Nonequivalent control group pretest postDesign) was used for the present study. The sample consisted of 200 chronic renal failure patientsundergoing hemodialysis were selected by convenient non probability sampling technique. ResultsThe finding of the study revealed that in experimental group, pretest Knowledge mean score of thesamples had 20.26 and in posttest knowledge mean score had 33.93 so the difference is 13.67, thisdifference was large and it is statistically significant. Whereas in control group, pretest, this differencewas small and it was statistically not significant. In experimental group, mean pretest Practice scoreof the samples showed statistically significant. In experimental group 16.28% improvement in QOLscore after intervention and in control group improvement score is 0.35%. This difference showed theeffectiveness of the study. Considering correlation between experimental group posttest knowledgescore and posttest practice score was (r=0.44 P≤01), correlation between experimental group posttestknowledge score and posttest QOL score was (r=0.45 P≤01) and correlation between posttest practicescore and QOL score was (r=0.52 P≤01). It showed moderate positive correlation among them. Theresult of the present study suggest that health promotional life style modification is necessary to reducecomplications and co morbidities which is occur due to CRF and enhance quality of life of chronicpatients.

EFFECTIVENESS OF PARENTAL PARTICIPATION PROGRAMME REGARDING PREVENTION OF PNEUMONIAAMONG PARENTS OF CHILDREN DIAGNOSED WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION (ARTI) IN SELECTED HOSPITAL OF DEHRADUN

AQuasi -experimental research design was adopted as research design for the study with the objectives to assess parents' knowledge and practice regarding prevention of pneumonia after ARTI of under ve children. Total 64 parents of under ve children were selected as sample by purposive sampling technique. It was done at Paediatric ward of Himalayan hospital in Dehradun. Data were collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire and self- reported practice checklist. Data were analyzed by used of descriptive and inferential statistics based on objectives and hypotheses .The assessment of the pretest knowledge score of Parents had average knowledge 33 (51.57%) regarding prevention of pneumonia and 24(37.50%) had good knowledge, 4(6.25%) had excellent knowledge and only 3(4.69 %) parent had poor knowledge at the base line before interventions. After implementation of parental participation programme the mean post-test knowledge of parents (21.36±2.509) score was more than pre-test knowledge score (12.88±3.994). The practice score of parents was 2(3.13%) had average practice and 62(96.87%) had good practice where as in post-test practice score 64 (100%) had good practice after implementation of parental participation programme. And there was no signicant association found between pre-test knowledge and Pretest practice with their selected socio demographic variables, and week correlation found between knowledge and practice of parents.

Effectiveness of Virtual Teaching Tools on Knowledge and Practice of Biomedical Waste Management among Housekeeping Staff of a Tertiary Care Centre, Rishikesh

Background: The present bio-medical waste (BMW) practices, setup, and framework explored that almost 82% of primary, 60% of secondary, and 54% of tertiary health-care facilities had no trustworthy BMW management system. This study aimed to improve the knowledge and practice of BMW management among housekeeping staff of a tertiary care center, Rishikesh. Materials and Methods: One group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted on 139 housekeeping staff. A self-structured knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist through the interview method was used for data collection. Virtual teaching tools (video about BMW management and e-pamphlet) were developed for the study and used. Results: After the intervention, in post-test it was found that the majority of participants had excellent knowledge (111; 79.8%), some (24; 17.3%) had good, and only few (4; 2.9%) had moderate knowledge. None of the participants were found to have poor knowledge after the intervention. There is significant difference in pre-existing (15.89 ± 2.49) and post-test (21.20 ± 4.61) knowledge score, pre-existing practice (21.67 ± 2.13), and post-test (24.95 ± 2.42) practice. There was association between educations their work area with knowledge and significant relationship between work area and past training programs with practice. There is a significant correlation between pre-test knowledge and practice (p=0.00) and post-test knowledge and practice (P = 0.01). Conclusion: It is evident that a virtual teaching tool that comprises video and e-pamphlet is useful in improving the knowledge and practice of housekeeping staff on BMW management.