Abstract
Back ground: An experimental study was conducted to assess the effects of instructional teaching programme (ITP) on knowledge and practices of mothers regarding prevention of pneumonia in children, Pooncherry, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.Objectives of the study were to assess the effectiveness of ITP on prevention of pneumonia on level of knowledge and practices among mothers of under five children.
 Materials and Methods: Non probability purposive technique was adopted for this study. Samples who met inclusion criteria were participated in the study. Self-structured interview schedule for knowledge and structured rating scale for practices were used to collect the data.
 Results: The study results shows that in the pre test 15.13 % of the mothers had adequate knowledge, 24.34 % of the mothers were had moderately adequate knowledge and 60.53 % of the mothers had inadequate knowledge and and in post test 63.17% of mothers were had adequate knowledge, 28.94% of the mothers had moderately adequate knowledge and very few (8.55% ) mothers had inadequate knowledge. Pre test practices score shows that 63.82 % of the mothers had less desirable practice, 22.37% of the mothers had moderate desirable practices and 13.81% were had highly desirable practices whereas in the post test 63.82% of them had highly desirable practice, 23.03% of them had moderate desirable practices and 13.16% of them had less desirable practices. The mean pretest knowledge score was 5.45 ± 1.47 and the mean posttest knowledge score was 8.49 ± 0.71 and the t value was 15.17, it shows that statistically there was an improvement in the post test knowledge score. The mean pretest practice score was 22.38 ± 2.76, the mean posttest practice score was 43.64 ±1.97 and the t value was 13.35, it shows that statistically there was a significant improvement in the post test practice score. The instructional teaching programme on prevention of pneumonia was statistically effective in promoting the knowledge and desirable practices among mothers.
Highlights
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs
Pretest level of knowledge of mothers shows that 60.53% of mothers had inadequate knowledge, 24.34% of mothers had moderate knowledge and 15.13% of mothers had adequate knowledge in pretest and the practices towards the prevention of pneumonia shows that 63.82% of mothers had less desirable practices, 22.37% of mothers had moderate desirable practices and 13.81% of mothers had high desirable practice in pretest
The posttest results shows that 62.05% of mothers have adequate knowledge, 28.94% of mothers had moderate knowledge and 08.55% of mothers had inadequate knowledge and in post testpractice towards the prevention of pneumonia shows that 63.82% of mothers had high desirable practice, 23.03% of mothers had moderate desirable practice and 13.16% of mothers have less desirable practice
Summary
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material) causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia can range in seriousness from mild to life threatening. It is most serious for infants and young children, people older than young age, and people with health problems or with weakened immune systems [1]. Black et al through a systematic analysis of data on mortality estimated that there is nearly 8.795 million under 5 mortality globally Of this more than 52% occurred in the SubSaharan region and in the Indian subcontinent contributed mainly by 5 countries, India, Nigeria, Congo, Pakistan and Afghanistan.They estimated the global burden of pneumonia death in under 5 to be 1.396million. In the year 2015, it was reported that there were 5.9 million deaths of children under 5 years of age globally, of which 1.2 million (20%) occurred in India alone. India has an under 5 mortality rate of 48 per 1000 live births [2]
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