Pre-test Knowledge Score Research Articles

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Breast Cancer Among Late Adolescents Studying in Selected Degree Colleges at Dharwad, Karnataka

Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer in women. The knowledge and attitude of breast cancer is poor among adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude among late adolescents on breast cancer to develop self-instruction module and to determine effectiveness of self instruction module in improving the knowledge and attitude.Methods A evaluatory approach using one group pre-test post-test design was adopted. A sample of 335 adolescents was selected using purposive sampling technique from the selected degree colleges of Dharwad. The designed tool showed content validity index of 0.89 reliability ofnbsp knowledge 0.90 and attitude 0.88. The pretest was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude among late adolescents regarding breast cancer using a designed tool following which self-instruction module was administered. Following this post-test was conducted after thirty days using the same designed tool and the data was collected in the form of scores. The obtained scores were tabulated and computed using SPSS 20.0 version software for statistic analysis.Results The study found that mean pretest knowledge and attitude scores were less than mean post-test knowledge and attitude scores and mean enhancement in knowledge and attitude was 41.46 and 47.25 respectively. The study revealed the effectiveness of the self-instruction module on knowledge and attitude scores to be 33.54 and 29.95 for 334 degrees of freedom with P lt0.001. The knowledge and attitude levels improved to adequate knowledge and good attitude towards breast cancer. Further the study found significant association between all the socio-demographic variables except age and found no significant correlation between pretest knowledge and attitude scores.Conclusion The study found that the self-instruction module was effective in improving the knowledge and attitude and found significant association of pretest knowledge and attitude scores with selected demographic variables. The study concluded that the self-instruction module can bring significant awareness among population and recommended that more evidenced based research must be conducted to bring awareness about breast cancer among large groups.

A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on knowledge and attitude regarding lifestyle modification for obesity prevention among women in urban areas of Vadodara city

This study assesses the effectiveness of a planned teaching program on knowledge and attitude regarding lifestyle modification for obesity prevention among women in urban areas of Vadodara City. In this study, a pre-experimental methodology was employed to assess the efficacy of a planned teaching program in enhancing women's knowledge and attitudes concerning lifestyle modifications for obesity prevention. The study's findings reveal a noteworthy enhancement in knowledge scores following the intervention. There was a significant positive shift in the results, as 10% displayed poor knowledge, 31.66% had average knowledge, and 58.33% now exhibited good knowledge, indicating an enhanced understanding of lifestyle modifications for obesity prevention among participants. This shift in knowledge distribution highlights the effectiveness of the intervention. The results determined that there was a notable rise in the average post-test score when compared to the average pre-test score for both knowledge and attitude following the implementation of the planned teaching program on lifestyle modification for obesity prevention. In the domains of knowledge and attitude, the computed 't' value surpassed the tabulated 't' value at a significance level of 0.05, indicating statistical significance. The correlation between pre-test knowledge and attitude scores was moderately positive, and a significant association was observed between pre-test knowledge and attitude scores and their socio- demographic variables.

A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Planned Video-assisted Health Educational Program on Knowledge of Health Hazards and its Prevention Among Selected Sanitary Workers of City Corporation Kalaburagi District of Karnataka State

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a planned video-assisted health educational program on knowledge of health hazards and its prevention among selected sanitary workers of the city corporation Kalaburagi district of Karnataka state.Materials and Methods: This study used quasi-experimental methods. In this study, a single-group pre-test and post-test research design was used. City corporation Kalaburagi district hosted this study. This study has 100 participants. The sample size is 100. The researcher employed basic random sampling in this investigation.Results: Most subjects (50%) were 30–39 years old. The sample was 51% male. Most subjects (40%) were high school graduates. Most sanitary workers were married (65%). Hindus make up 54% of respondents. About 31% had 1–5 years of experience. About 48% of subjects obtain TV info. It also found that 98% of sanitary staff had poor pre-test knowledge. In the post-test, 46% of subjects had enough knowledge of health hazard prevention after the scheduled video-assisted health educational course The respondents’ mean pre-test knowledge scores were 19.43 (38.86%) with a standard deviation of 3.143, indicating poor knowledge. After the planned video-assisted health educational session, respondents’ mean knowledge scores improved to 37.28 (74.56%) with a standard deviation of 2.985. Furthermore, at 0.01 significance, the “t” = 40.378 was bigger than the tablevalue. Age, gender, education, marital status, religion, prior employment experience providing sanitary services, and information source were not significant at the 0.05 levels. There is no significant correlation found between the knowledge level of sanitary workers and the studied factors.Conclusion: It appears that pre- and post-test sanitary workers’ health hazard prevention knowledge differs and program of video-assisted health education on health dangers and preventive for chosen sanitation personnel of City Corporation, Kalaburagi district, Karnataka.

Learning Package Outcome on Sibling Rivalry Management among Parents

Sibling rivalry is one of humanity’s oldest problems. By “sibling rivalry” we mean the antagonism or hostility between brothers or sisters which manifests it in circumstances such as in the common children’s family fights. Therefore, present study aims to assess the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program (PTP) on knowledge regarding sibling rivalry and its management among parents in selected community area. Pre experimental one group pre-test and post-test research design was selected to conduct the study. 60 Parents of siblings were selected for this study by using purposive sampling technique. Result revealed that 71.7% parents scored inadequate knowledge, 28.3% moderate knowledge in pre-test while in post-test 21.7% scored adequate knowledge level, 73.3% moderately adequate knowledge and 5% scored inadequate knowledge regarding sibling rivalry and its management. The overall mean percentage of the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores was 41.55%, and 67% respectively and mean difference was 8.650 and ‘t’ value 26.275 was found significant. It shows that learning package was effective in improvement of knowledge level regarding sibling rivalry and its management among parents. Socio demographic variables like age, sex, religion family income, number of children and education were significantly associated with the pretest knowledge score of the parents. Conclusion: The study concluded that learning package was effective in improvement of knowledge level among parents about sibling rivalry.

EXPLORING THE AWARENESS GAP:A STUDY TO ASSESS THE PREVELENCE OF BREAKFAST SKIPPING PATTERN AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTOR AMONG NURSING STUDENTS AT SMT NAGARATHNAMMA SCHOOL OF NURSING BANGALURU

Background: Skipping breakfast is the omission or lack of consumption of one of the most traditional main meals (lunch or dinner) throughout the day. Thenumberofbreakfastteenagersmissandeatawayfromhomeincreasesfromearlyadolescence to late adolescence, reflecting the growing need for independence and time away from home. The evening meal appears to be the most regularly eaten made of the day. Girls are found to skip the breakfast, lunch and evening meal more often than boys. In some homewith limited resources, the adolescent may not even receive adequate number of breakfast or amounts leading to nutrient deficiency. Breakfast is frequently neglected and is omitted more often by teenagersandyoungadultsunder25yearsofagethanbyanyotheragegroupsinthepopulation. 1st year nursing student who are staying away from home or experiencing difficulties in adjusting in new environment, experiencing study pressure or any mal-practice that affects normal diet pattern has high chance of suffering from skipping breakfast. 1. To assess the level of knowledge on breakfast skipping regarding among nursing students of Smt. Nagarathnamma College of Nursing,Bengaluru. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding Skipping breakfast among nursing students in Smt. NagarathnammaSchool of Nursing. 3. Tofindtheassociationbetweenpre-testandpost-testknowledgescoreregarding Skipping breakfast with selected socio demographicvariable Method: ThisisaDiscriptivestudywhereclosedendeddemographicquestionnaireweregiven to 60 first year student to assess their current situation and self-administered knowledge questionnaire were used as a tool to access sleep hygiene and sleep quality respectivelyamong those 60 first year nursing student by using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by direct distribution of tools to each nursing student and data was analysed and results were interpreted by using quasi experimentalstatistics. Results: The overall mean percentage knowledge score in the pre-test and post-test were 22.5 % and 59.00%, respectively. Enhancements in mean percentage score were found to be 36.50%.Thestatisticalpairedttestindicatesthatenhancementinthemeanpercentage knowledgescorewasfoundtobesignificantat 0.05level foralltheaspectunderstudy.The association found to be partly significant between pre-test knowledge scores and selected socio demographic variables at 0.05 level(p<0.05). Conclusion: The study findings suggested that ppt assisted structured teaching programmeis an effective instructional method in improving the knowledge regarding Skipping breakfast among nursing students.

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Breast Self-examination among Adolescent Girls in Selected College, Guwahati, Assam

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in Indian women second only to cancer cervix. It is the most frequent cancer among women, impacting 2.1 million women each year. It is a group of diseases in which the cells in breast tissue changes and divide uncontrolled, typically resulting in a lump or mass. Breast self-examination is an important screening measure for detecting breast cancer. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on breast self-examination among adolescent girls in selected College, Guwahati, Assam. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted for the study. In this study, 60 adolescent girls of 11th standard Arts Stream, Handique Girls’ College were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The tools used for the study were demographic variables, knowledge questionnaire on breast self-examination. The analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test and chi square. RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that the post-test knowledge score (18.36) was significantly higher than the pre-test mean knowledge score(10.65) as evidenced by t=16.31 (p<0.001) and tabulated value of t59 was 2.00 at 0.001 level of significance, which represents the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on breast self-examination. It also revealed that there was significant association between pre-test knowledge score and selected demographic variables of educational level of father and educational level of mother. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that the structured teaching program was effective in enhancing the knowledge of adolescent girls on breast self-examination.

Effectiveness of Webinar Assisted Nutritional Education Program on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Nutrition in Special Situations among Undergraduate Students of Institutes Under Kalgidhar Trust - Baru Sahib, India

Nutrition is a basic human necessity as well as a requirement for a long and healthy existence. During special occasions like fairs, festivals as well as in situations of disasters or pandemics like COVID 19, the nutrition pattern get affected and fluctuates which again highlights the importance of maintaining healthy nutrition status in the midst of these situations. The aim of study was to assess the effectiveness of nutritional education program on knowledge and attitude regarding nutrition in special situation among undergraduate students. Pre-experimental (one group pre and post- test design) was carried out in this study. Using non-probability voluntarily sampling, 156 undergraduate students were selected from selected institutes of Kalgidhar Trust Baru Sahib. Self-structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale were used to collect the data from study participants through google form media. After pre-test 2 online sessions conducted on nutrition in special situations through google meet, after 7 days of intervention post-test was conducted through same media. The results showed pre-test knowledge score was increase from 14.8 with SD 5.5 to post-test mean score was 25.3 with SD 3.5. Attitude pre-test score was increase from 32.3 with SD 2.6 to post-test mean score was 44.5 with a SD 2.62. In pre-test 104 (66.7%) had inadequate knowledge, 44 (28.2%) had moderate adequate knowledge and 8 (5.1%) had adequate knowledge; for attitude 4 (2.6%) had negative attitude, 149 (95.5%) had neutral attitude and 3(1.9%) had positive attitude. In post-test 9 (5.8%) had inadequate knowledge, 26 (16.7%) had moderate adequate knowledge and only a small number 121 (77.6%) had adequate knowledge; for attitude 8 (5.1%) had neutral attitude and 148(94.9%) had positive attitude no one had negative attitude. Thus, there was a significant increase in knowledge and attitude regarding nutrition in special situation at the level of p < 0.001 it revealed effectiveness of nutritional education program. Pre-test knowledge and attitude score had weak negative correlation (r= -0.06) and post-test knowledge and attitude score had moderate positive correlation (r= 0.21). The study findings revealed significant improvement in post-test knowledge and attitude which showed the effectiveness of nutritional education program. So webinar assisted nutritional education program in special situations will help to reduce the health diseases and boost immunity among undergraduate students.

Effects of the Hazardous Area Response Team Training Program on the Knowledge and Confidence in Operational Skills of Prehospital Emergency Medical Personnel in Thailand: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Hazardous areas are places emitting hazardous materials, terrorist- or war-related, which lead to public health risks in developed and developing countries globally. Hence, prehospital emergency medical personnel who work as frontliners should be trained. Data via pretest, posttest, and questionnaire surveys regarding the HART's knowledge of and confidence in operational skills were collected using the 5-point Likert scale. The cohort included prehospital emergency medical personnel aged >18 years. The training program comprised lectures, practicals, and examinations and included three subcourses: emergency medicine in the chemical, biological, radiation, and nuclear hazardous area (EM-CBRN) course; Thailand Tactical Emergency Medical Service (TTEMS) course; and cooperation and preparation for disaster (CPD) course. The HART's mean multiple choice question (MCQ) posttest knowledge score (12.80±3.11) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the mean pretest knowledge score (7.74±3.71) for the EM-CBRN course. The HART's mean MCQ posttest knowledge score (24.04±2.79) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the mean pretest knowledge score (14.34±3.92) for the TTEMS course. Further, the HART's mean MCQ posttest knowledge score (21.03±3.49) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the mean pretest knowledge score (14.40±5.08) for the CPD course. The HART's mean confidence in operational skill score for the EM-CBRN course was significantly higher (p<0.001) after training (4.45±0.59) than before training (2.77±0.90). The HART's mean confidence in operational skill score for the TTEMS course was significantly higher (p<0.001) after training (4.55±0.59) than before training (2.78±0.98). The HART's mean confidence in operational skill score for the CPD course was significantly higher (p<0.001) after training (4.70±0.41) than before training (3.03±0.90). The HART training program significantly affected the HART's knowledge development and confidence in operational skills, particularly the frontline prehospital emergency medical personnel. Therefore, prehospital emergency medical personnel should undergo training, and learning activities must be developed to reinforce capacity and improve knowledge and confidence.

A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING AUTISM AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS AT COMMUNITY, BENGALURU

Childrenoftodayare thecitizensoftomorrow sotheyneed to careby parentsandteachers. As a teacher may come across many children so easily, they can find normal and abnormalbehavior of a child. Autism is a psychoneurotic disorder characterized by impaired social interaction,communication and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Teachers can find this behaviorin schooland timely measures can be taken. In order to educate and encourage the teachers, to improve theirknowledge regarding autism, the study was conducted to evaluate the Effectiveness of video assistedTeaching Program regarding autism on knowledge of primary school teachers working in selectedschools at community, Bengaluru. Pre-experimental design, with convenient sampling method wasused. Informationwascollectedfrom50primaryschoolteachersregardingautismusingthestructured knowledge questionnaire. VATP was implemented and post-test was conducted after 7 daysto find the effectiveness. Regarding effectiveness of STP, the overall mean knowledge score in thepre-test was 38.1% and 79.52 % in the post test with enhancement of 41.42% and it was significant at5% level. Analysis of socio-demographic variables showed significant association between religion,professionalqualification,sourceofinformationonautism,teachingexperienceinyearswithknowledge score at 5% level (P&gt;0.05). Overall findings showed that pre-test knowledge scores werefound to be 38.1% and after STP, knowledge of primary school teachers was enhanced by 41.42%regardingautism.HencetheresulthasprovedthatVATPwaseffectiveinimprovingtheknowledgeofprimary schoolteacherson autism.

Evaluate the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Body Mechanics among GNM Students in Selected Nursing Institutes

Background of the study: Body mechanics is the application of mechanical principles and knowledge of human anatomy of the action of body parts during activity, bed ridden patients and they need fulltime assistance. Good alignment is necessary when sitting, standing or lying down. So with the use of correct body mechanics, we can maintain a balance in keeping the spine in vertical alignment. Objectives: To assess the knowledge regarding body mechanics among first year GNM students. To evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding body mechanics among first year GNM students in terms of gain in knowledge score. To find out an association between pre-test knowledge score regarding body mechanics with their selected socio demographical variables. Methodology: An evaluative study was conducted among 40 first year GNM students at selected Nursing colleges of Hubballi. Samples were selected using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data were collected by structured knowledge questionnaire. Results: Overall result of the study revealed that the level of knowledge on body mechanics in pre-test 26 (65%) had average knowledge, 08 (20%) had good knowledge and 06 (15%) had poor knowledge. Whereas, in post-test after Video Assisted Teaching Programme, 34 (85%) had good knowledge and 06 (15%) had average knowledge. Conclusion: The study concluded that the Video Assisted Teaching Programme was effective in improving knowledge regarding body mechanics. Keywords: Knowledge, Video Assisted Teaching Programme, Body mechanics, Nursing students.

Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module on knowledge regarding High-Risk Pregnancy among Antenatal mothers

A high-risk pregnancy is one in which there is or will be an increased risk of morbidity or mortality for the mother, the fetus, or the baby before or after delivery. Between 20–30% of pregnancies in India are high-risk. Consequently, the purpose of the current study is to evaluate the impact of a self-instruction module on prenatal mothers' understanding about high-risk pregnancies. The study's pre-experimental research design was chosen. For this study, 63 prenatal mothers were chosen using the purposive sample method. Result: revealed that majority of the respondents (65.08%) had poor knowledge regarding high-risk pregnancy, (30.16%) had average knowledge and only (4.76%) had good level of knowledgepre-test. Whereas in post-test majority of the respondents (82.53%) had good knowledge and (17.46%) had average knowledge regarding high-risk pregnancy. The Paired‘t’ test value was 26.86 whichwas greater than table value at .05 level of significance. This shows that there is significant difference between the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge regardinghigh-risk pregnancyamong antenatal mothers. There was significant association found between the pre-test knowledge score regarding high-risk pregnancy among antenatal mothers with demographic variableslike educational status, type of family, previous knowledge and source of information regarding high-risk pregnancy. Conclusion: Study concluded with strong need for proper health education in improving knowledge regarding high-risk pregnancy among antenatal mothers.

Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Hazards of Plastic use and its Safe Disposal among adults at selected rural areas of Agartala, Tripura

Introduction: A healthy environment is fundamental to life, and attention to the effects of the environment on human health is essential if we are to achieve the goal of health for all. This study was done to assess the effectiveness of hazards of plastic waste and its safe disposal in Adults. Objectives: the main aim of the study was to enhance the knowledge regarding plastic use and its safe disposal among adults by planned teaching programme. (1) To assess the knowledge regarding hazards of plastic use and its safe disposal among adults before and after planned teaching programme. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on the hazards of plastic use and its safe disposal among adults. To find out the association of level of pre-test knowledge score with their selected demographic variables. Methodology: The research design adopted for the study was pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design. Non probability Convenience Sampling technique was used to select the samples, the sample size was 90 adults (30-45 years adults living in rural areas of Agartala, Tripura) the study setting was Narsingarh, Natun palli, Agartala, Tripura. Those who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected by convenient sampling technique. A pretest was conducted by using a structured knowledge questionnaire, followed by planned teaching program posttest was taken. The result of the posttest score revealed that the planned teaching program had its impact on improving the level of knowledge regarding hazards of plastic use and its safe disposal among adults at selected rural areas of Agartala. The overall mean score of pre-test was 8.6 with the S.D. 2.53, whereas in post-test the overall mean score was 16.03 with S.D. 3.02. The t-test value was 15.24 and mean difference was 7.43 which is statistically significant at p&lt;0.05 level of significant. After planned teaching program only 1.1% having inadequate knowledge, 93.3% of them were having moderate knowledge and 5.6 % of them were having adequate knowledge and the score is statistically highly significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: The study finding implied that the education had a vital role in improving the knowledge of adults regarding hazards of plastic and its safe disposal. The planned teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge. Adult play a vital role in family and in community and what they learn is likely to be applied during the rest of their lives thereby they can bring a big change for a better future.

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding management of home accidents among mothers of under-five children

Background: A pre-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programmeon knowledge regarding management of home accidents among mothers of under five childrenin selected community areas, Tumkur, Karnataka. A total sample of 60 mothers of under-fivechildren were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledgeregarding management of home accidents among mothers of under five children before and after structured teachingprogramme and to find out the effectiveness of structuredteaching programme on knowledge regarding management of home accidents among mothers of under five children. The final objective was to determine the knowledge regarding themanagement of home accidents and selected demographic variables. Materials and Methods: A one-group pre-test post-test design was used to conduct the study. A sample comprising of 60 mothers of under-five children were enrolled using simple random sampling technique. The conceptual framework used in the study was based onErnestine Wiedenbach’s Prescriptive Theory. Results: Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings of the study revealed that the mean post-test knowledge score 25.57±3.202 was significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score 12.20±3.704 (p&lt;0.05). Paired t value computed at 30.28* was statistically significant at p&lt;0.05, which revealed that, there is significant increase in the mean post-test knowledge score. Significant association at 0.05level was observed between knowledge with regard to age, religion, educational status and educational status of the spouse. Conclusion: The findings of the study confirmed that the structured teaching programme was significantly effective in improving the knowledgeregarding management of home accidents among mothers of under five children.

Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching on knowledge regarding management of typhoid fever among Home makers

Background: A pre-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teachingon knowledge regarding management of typhoid fever among home makersin selected community areas, Kishtwar, Jammu and Kashmir. A total sample of 60 home makerswere selected using the convenient sampling technique. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledgeregarding management of typhoid fever among home makersbefore and after video assisted teachingand to find out the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding management of typhoid fever among home makers. The final objective was to determine the knowledge regarding themanagement of typhoid feverand selected demographic variables. Materials and Methods: A one-group pre-test post-test design was used to conduct the study. A sample comprising of 60 home makers were enrolled using convenient sampling technique. The conceptual framework used in the study was based onKing’s Goal attainment Theory. Results: Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings of the study revealed that the mean post-test knowledge score 25.57±3.202was significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score 12.20±3.704(p&lt;0.05). Paired t value computed at 30.28* was statistically significant at p&lt;0.05, which revealed that, there is significant increase in the mean post-test knowledge score. Significant association at 0.05 level was observed between knowledge with regard to age and educational status. Conclusion: The findings of the study confirmed that the video assisted teaching was significantly effective in improving the knowledgeregarding management of typhoid fever among home makers.

Abstract 13922: Reducing Health Care Disparities by Improving ICD Knowledge in a Diverse Population, a Quality Improvement Initiative to Align ICD Settings With Goals of Care

Background: Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) often lack understanding of ICD functioning, most dramatically in at-risk populations. Patient knowledge gaps preclude adequate communication regarding goals of care and informed decision-making with the potential for unwanted shocks at end of life (EOL). Both ICD studies and ICD patient education tools historically lack both diversity and accessibility. Ways to improve patient ICD comprehension in populations with barriers to care have not been well established. Research Questions: Does a patient-centered educational video improve ICD knowledge and/or affect patients’ ICD preferences in hypothetical EOL scenarios? Methods: We surveyed 30 admitted heart failure patients with ICDs using 10 validated true-false ICD knowledge questions, 4 preference questions in hypothetical EOL scenarios, and multiple qualitative questions at a diverse urban, safety-net hospital. A novel 7-minute ICD educational video narrated by real patients with ICDs, using 3 rd grade or below language was then shown either in English or Spanish. Post viewing, the same questions were repeated to assess knowledge and preferences. (Link to video: https://youtu.be/8n_M--33Ia w ) Results: The mean age was 58 years, and 38% identified as female. Of the 30 patients, 63% were Black, 37% were White, and 17% were Hispanic. Patients had a mean ejection fraction of 31%, and 50% of participants had prior ICD shocks (1 to 14 times). The mean pre-test knowledge score was 50% (SD 22.8) and mean post-test score significantly improved to 82% (SD 15.1) correct (W=346, p&lt;0.00001). Scores did not significantly vary by age, sex, race, or prior shock status. After watching the video, 66% of patients changed their EOL ICD preferences in at least 1 scenario. All participants rated the video as either very helpful or helpful. Conclusion: In a diverse group of admitted heart failure patients with ICDs, intervention with an educational video on ICDs and shocks at EOL significantly improved patient knowledge. Educational materials designed for diverse patient populations can reduce healthcare disparities, by expanding patient knowledge and therefore empowering patients to make informed decisions on ICDs at EOL.

Use of Low-Cost Task Trainer for Emergency Department Thoracotomy Training in General Surgery Residency Program

Emergency department thoracotomy (EDT) is an uncommon but potentially lifesaving procedure that warrants familiarity with anatomy, instruments, and indications necessary for completion. To address this need, we developed a low-cost EDT trainer. The primary objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a low-cost EDT trainer to teach emergency department thoracotomy with a discussion-based teaching session. Secondary objective was to study the face validity of the low-cost EDT trainer. A prospective 2-phase randomized control study was conducted. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. In phase one, baseline medical knowledge for both groups was assessed using a multiple-choice question pretest. In Group 1, each participant was taught EDT using a one-on-one discussion with a trauma surgeon, whereas Group 2 used the EDT trainer and debriefing for training. In phase 2 (1 month later), all participants completed a knowledge retention test and performed a videoed EDT using our EDT trainer, the video recordings were later reviewed by content experts blinded to the study participants using a checklist with a maximum score of 22. The participants also completed a reaction survey at the end of phase 2 of the study. OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, an urban tertiary care academic hospital in Columbus, Ohio. Nine senior surgery residents from training years 3 to 5. The mean score for the performance of the procedure for the simulation-based (Group 2) was significantly higher than that of the discussion-based (Group 1) (Rater 1: 21.2 ± 0.8 vs. 19.0 ± 2.0, p = 0.05, Rater 2: 20.4 ± 1.5 vs. 18.3±1.0, p = 0.04). Group 2 also was quicker than Group 1 in deciding to start the procedure by approximately 56 seconds. When comparing the mean pretest knowledge score to the mean knowledge retention score 30 days after training, the discussion-based group improved from 58.33% to 81.25% (p = 0.01); the simulation-trained group's scores remained at 68.33%. All the participants agreed or strongly agreed that the simulator provided a realistic opportunity to perform EDT and improved their confidence. The results of this pilot studysupport our hypothesis that using alow-cost EDT trainer effectively improves general surgery residents' confidence and procedural skills scores in a simulated environment. Further training with low-cost simulators may provide surgical residents with deliberate practice opportunities and improve performance when learning low-frequency procedures.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Pulmonary Tuberculosis and DOTs Therapy among Tuberculosis Patients Attending Tuberculosis O.P.D at Selected Hospitals in Bhiwani, Haryana

Background of the Study: Tuberculosis is a global public health issue despite the discovery of the causal bacterium over 100 years ago and availability of effective medications and vaccines for prevention and cure. Tuberculosis has a global incidence rate of 119 per lakh, with low-income nations bearing the major burden at 197 per lakh. High-income countries have nine per lakh people, while middle-income countries have 85. Eight out of ten tuberculosis patients are economically productive aged 15-49. It kills more adults than any other infectious disease. India has roughly one-third of the global tuberculosis load. Aim of the Study: The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a planned education program on students' understanding of pulmonary tuberculosis and the DOTS treatment method. Methodology: This study examined how a comprehensive teaching program improved patients' understanding of pulmonary tuberculosis and DOTS therapy in the outpatient department (OPD) of selected hospitals in Bhiwani, Haryana. To attain the purpose, the researcher used pre-experimental study design. The study included 60 patients at the Directly Observed Therapy Short-course (DOTS) clinic in Bhiwani, Haryana. The researchers selected samples using convenience sampling. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect data in this study. A group of tuberculosis patients provided data for ten days. The pre-test was given on May 17, 2021, before formal education began. Ten days later, the post-test was given. Data was processed and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean pre-test knowledge score was 9.45, with a 2.65 standard deviation. In the post-test, the mean score was 19.40 with a standard deviation of 1.86. The computed mean difference was 9.95. The paired 't' test yielded 24.60 with 59 degrees of freedom. A p-value of 0.01 indicated statistical significance.

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of competency based skill training programme on bandaging techniques among paramedical students

When any individual got any injury or wound the first and foremost remedy is to stop bleeding and prevent further injury. Bandaging is the procedure of casing wound or an injured body part. It is necessary to learn technique of bandaging. Were to assess the effectiveness of training programme on knowledge and skill regarding selected bandaging techniques among paramedical students. Used for this study was pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design. It was carried out with 40 samples. Non-randomized convenient sampling technique was used to select the subjects. A self-administered knowledge questionnaire and observational skill checklist was used to assess the knowledge and skill regarding selected bandaging techniques. The data collected was analysed and interpreted based on descriptive and inferential statistics. Shows that Pre-test knowledge score, 80% (32) of the students were in the poor level of knowledge and remaining 20% (08) were having average level of knowledge. The Post-test knowledge score, 52.5% (21) of the students were in the Good level of knowledge and remaining 47.5% (19) were having average level of knowledge. The Mean score before manipulation was ±4.7 and the standard deviation was ±29.35 whereas after intervention Mean score was ±13.37 and SD was ± 83.52. The mean difference is ± 8.67. The calculated ‘t’ value ± 12.11 which was greater than critical value i.e., ± 2.05 which depicts that significance at the 0.05 level. That pre-test skill was 87.5% (35) found to be inadequate whereas remaining 12.5% (5) were having adequate skill. The 12.5% (5) of them found to be Inadequate and majority 87.5% (35) were shown adequate skill after the training programme. The skill performance of mean score earlier guidance was ±2.85 and the standard deviation was ±17.79 while later intervention Mean score was ±7.47 and SD was ± 46.67. The mean difference was ± 4.62. The calculated ‘t’ value ± 10.34 which was larger value than critical value i.e., ± 2.05 which illustrates that highly significant at the 0.05 level. From the findings of the study, it can be concluded that training programme was effective in improving the knowledge and skill regarding bandaging techniques among paramedical students.

Comparison of video-assisted education and traditional classroom education in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation education of nursing students

AimThis research aimed to compare the effectiveness of traditional classroom education and video-assisted education methods used in Pediatric (CPR) education and determine students' level of satisfaction with the education methods used. MethodThis research had a randomized, experimental, pretest-posttest design. The research was completed with 98 students (54 in the video-assisted education group and 44 in the traditional classroom education group). The traditional classroom education group received pediatric CPR education through traditional classroom education. On the other hand, the video-assisted education group watched the pediatric CPR education video prepared by the researchers. The level of knowledge of pediatric CPR, the level of pediatric CPR practice skills, and the satisfaction score of each student were evaluated. ResultsWhen the skills levels of the groups were compared, it was determined that there was no statistical difference between the test results. In both groups, the students' mean knowledge and skill scores in the first and second posttests were significantly higher than their pretest knowledge scores. The satisfaction scores of the students in both groups were similar. ConclusionBoth methods effectively improve students' pediatric CPR-related knowledge, skills, and satisfaction. Implications for practiceAs support for traditional education, using video-assisted visual education materials that nursing students can constantly access when needed is important.

Effectiveness of Awareness Programme on Knowledge of Teachers Regarding School Bullying Among Children at Selected Urban Schools of Bengaluru

Background: A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of awareness program on knowledge of teachers regarding school bullying among children at selected urban schools of Bengaluru. A total sample of 40 teachers were selected using purposive sampling technique. The objective of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of teachers regarding school bullying among children and to evaluate the effectiveness of awareness programme on knowledge of teachers regarding school bullying among children. The final objective was to find out the association between pre-test level of knowledge score of teachers regarding school bullying among children and selected socio demographic variables. Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental design was used to conduct the study. A sample comprising of 40 teachers were enrolled using purposive sampling technique. The conceptual framework adopted for the study was based on General system theory by Ludwig von Bertalanffy model of nursing. Tools used for data collection were demographic Performa and structured knowledge questionnaire. Results: Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings of the study revealed that the mean post-test knowledge score 16.20± 7.47 was significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score 12.73± 4.64. Paired t value computed at 6.63 was statistically significant at p&lt;0.05. which revealed that, there is significant increase in the mean post-test knowledge score. There was no significant association was observed at 0.05 found between pre-test level knowledge scores and selected demographic variables. Conclusion: The findings of the study clearly showed that the structured teaching programme was significantly effective in improving the knowledge of teachers regarding school bullying. Keywords: Awareness, Teachers, Children, Urban School.