With the economic, political and social changes during the colonial period in New Spain, the indigenous populationwas introduced to a system of slavery, economic and social exploitation by the Spanish, who controlled production based on mercantilism, consumer demand, to the new ideologies introduced and to the control of a new mode of production. At thistime new trades were expanded in New Spain, with this the Indian learned to develop a new production, techniques and different styles, but continued with his ideology in the production of certain objects such as: ceramics, rattle figures, paintings inthe churches, christs of cane, christs of butterfly buds, etc., that reflected these two cultures and the acculturation and Europeanization that was being generated. In pre-Hispanic times the Indians related feathers with their gods, with wars, in commerce and tribute. Feather objects were used by women of a certain social rank in the huipiles, the rulers and the military in their attire and in their parties. The pens were considered for society as a luxury object. The distribution of feathers by the trade ranged from the northern area of Mexico to Tenochtitlan. For the dominated indigenous society, the use of the pen continued with its cultural significance and became a fundamental part of its communication codes. In this sense the use of the pen in the paintings and clothing became a form of cultural resistance against the social imposition given in the colony. In colonial times there was a change since feather art was elaborated to represent Catholic religious images such as: Christs, the Virgin Mary andthe Saints. It was not the same meaning for these two societies, for the Indians the use of feathers was linked to the gods while the Spaniards related it to the Catholic religion and to their own ideology.