Preeclampsia In Pregnant Women Research Articles

A study on the mediating role of serum hormones in the effects of heavy metals on preeclampsia

Exposure to environmental heavy metals may pose a risk factor for developing preeclampsia (PE) modified through intervention. This case-control study aimed to investigate the association between serum heavy metal concentrations and PE in pregnant women and whether hormones served as mediating factors in the impact of heavy metals on PE. From October 2020 to 2022, 160 patients with PE and 160 pregnant women with normal deliveries were recruited at Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital. Serum concentrations of manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), cortisol (Cort), and cortisone (Cor) were measured. Logistic, restricted cubic splines, weighted quantile sum and multivariate linear regression models were employed to account for different aspects and explore the relationships among heavy metals, hormones, and PE. Mediation model analysis was performed to assess the role of hormones in mediation. The median concentrations of Mn, E2, and Cort were lower in the PE group than in the control group. The median concentrations of Cu, Zn, β-hCG, and T were higher in the PE than in the control. Mn, E2, and Cort showed negative associations with PE, while Cu, Zn, β-hCG, and T demonstrated positive associations, as determined through logistic regression. Mn, Cu, and Zn displayed linear dose-response relationships with PE. Zn and Cu had high weights in the positive association model of mixed heavy metal exposure with PE. The mediation analysis revealed that serum E2, P, T, Cort, and Cort/Cor might be potential mediators of the association between heavy metals (Mn, Cu, and Zn) and PE.

Qualitative Analysis of Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia at Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Hospital, Kediri

Background: Together with bleeding and infection included in the deadly triad, gestational hyper­tension affects 5-10% of pregnancies worldwide. Pre-eclampsia itself causes more than 70,000 maternal deaths and 500,000 fetal deaths. This study aimed to find significant predisposing factors that cause preeclampsia. Subjects and Method: Qualitative study with a phenomenological approach conducted at Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Hospital. The informants in this study were 15 pregnant women with preeclampsia. The focus of this research is to explore the predisposing factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women There are 4 research focuses related to pregnant women with preeclampsia, namely: (1) demographic data of pregnant women; (2) obstetric history; (3) nutrition; and (4) family health history. Data collection was carried out using interview techniques. The data collection were collected by interview techniques. Results: Pregnant women with preeclampsia were mostly housewives or low socio-economic, old and too young, obese, had families with a history of hypertension, were pregnant with different husbands. All of this can be detected using the preeclampsia screening sheet. Conclusion: Preeclampsia screening is performed periodically, to identify and diagnose the condition early, to allow for more careful monitoring and effective disease management.

The Effect of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women on The Incidence of Maternal Mortality: Literature Review

Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy complication characterized by elevated blood pressure and often occurs after 20 weeks of gestation. This condition can lead to significant morbidity and mortality for both the mother and the fetus. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with preeclampsia in pregnant women, a condition that remains prevalent in Indonesia and globally. The research employed a comprehensive literature review method, examining ten articles sourced from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Elsevier. The inclusion criteria for the literature review involved studies focused on the causes and consequences of preeclampsia, published within the last ten years, and providing substantial data on maternal mortality. The results of the literature review indicated that pregnant women with a history of hypertension or previous preeclampsia are at a significantly higher risk of developing preeclampsia. Additionally, severe cases of preeclampsia, such as those involving HELLP syndrome, eclampsia, and high diastolic blood pressure, were strongly linked to increased maternal mortality. The review also highlighted the crucial role of efficient referral systems and timely medical interventions in managing severe preeclampsia and reducing maternal deaths. This study concludes that early detection and continuous monitoring are essential for managing preeclampsia effectively. The findings underscore the need for standardized treatment protocols, improved healthcare access, and comprehensive prenatal services to mitigate the risks associated with preeclampsia. Future research should aim to include a broader range of studies and explore the long-term implications of preeclampsia on maternal and fetal health. These insights are critical for developing effective strategies to reduce the incidence and severity of preeclampsia and enhance maternal health outcomes.

Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women at Primary Care Clinic

Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women at Primary Care Clinic

Relationship between maternal and fetal ERAP-1 gene polymorphism and pre-eclampsia

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP-1) gene and the occurrence of pre-eclampsia (PE). Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from October 2018 to October 2021. A total of 51 PE pregnant women with onset gestational age<34 weeks were selected as the PE group, and 48 normal pregnant women during the same period were selected as the control group. Venous blood samples were collected from the pregnant women before delivery and umbilical cord within 5 minutes after delivery. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of ERAP-1 gene in the pregnant women and their fetus were detected by next-generation sequencing. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze all the SNP loci and alleles detected in the two groups, and the significant SNP were screened. Results: (1) A total of 13 target SNP loci of maternal ERAP-1 gene were selected by univariate analysis. Among them, the frequency distribution of genotypes at 96096828, 96121524, 96121715, 96122260 and 96122281 showed statistically significant differences between PE group and control group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of PE in pregnant women with TC genotype at locus 96121524 was 2.002 times higher than those with TT genotype (95%CI: 0.687-5.831, P=0.020). (2) A total of 4 target SNP loci of ERAP-1 gene in fetal were selected by univariate analysis, and there was no statistical significance in gene polymorphism of the 4 loci between PE group and control group (all P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of PE in fetus with genotype AA at locus 96121406 was 0.236 times that of fetus with genotype GG (95%CI: 0.055-1.025, P=0.016). Conclusion: ERAP-1 gene with TC genotype at 96121524 in the mother and GG genotype at 96121406 in the fetus might be related to the incidence of PE.

Decreased Extracellular Vesicle Vasorin in Severe Preeclampsia Plasma Mediates Endothelial Dysfunction.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication affecting 5-8% of pregnancies globally. It is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanisms of PE remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the potential role of vasorin (VASN) in PE pathogenesis by investigating its levels in extracellular vesicles (EV) and its effects on vascular function. We conducted unbiased proteomics on urine-derived EV from severe PE (sPE) and normotensive pregnant women (NTP), identifying differential protein abundances. Out of one hundred and twenty proteins with ≥ ±1.5-fold regulation at P<0.05 between sPE and NTP, we focused on Vasorin (VASN), which is downregulated in sPE in urinary EV, in plasma EV and in the placenta and is a known regulator of vascular function. We generated EV with high VASN content from both human and murine placenta explants (Plex EV), which recapitulated disease-state-dependent effects on vascular function observed when treating murine aorta rings (MAR) or human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) with murine or human plasma-derived EV. In normal murine pregnancy, VASN increases with gestational age (GA), and VASN is decreased in plasma EV, in placenta tissue and in Plex EV after intravenous administration of adenovirus encoding short FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFLT-1), a murine model of PE (murine-PE). VASN is decreased in plasma EV, in placenta tissue and in EV isolated from conditioned media collected from placenta explants (Plex EV) in patients with sPE as compared to NTP. Human sPE and murine-PE plasma EV and Plex EV impair migration, tube formation, and induces apoptosis in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) and inhibit acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in murine vascular rings (MAR). VASN over-expression counteracts the effects of sPE EV treatment in HAEC and MAR. RNA sequencing revealed that over-expression or knock down of VASN in HAEC results in contrasting effects on transcript levels of hundreds of genes associated with vasculogenesis, endothelial cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. The data suggest that VASN, delivered to the endothelium via EV, regulates vascular function and that the loss of EV VASN may be one of the mechanistic drivers of PE. What is NewVASN in circulating plasma EV in sPE is reduced compared with VASN content in plasma EV of gestational age-matched pregnant women.VASN is encapsulated and transported in EV and plays a pro-angiogenic role during pregnancy.VASN should be explored both for its pro-angiogenic mechanistic role and as a novel biomarker and potential predictive diagnostic marker for the onset and severity of PE.What Are the Clinical Implications?VASN plays a role in maintaining vascular health and the normal adaptive cardiovascular response in pregnancy. A decrease of VASN is observed in sPE patients contributing to cardiovascular maladaptation.Strategies to boost diminished VASN levels and/or to pharmacologically manipulate mechanisms downstream of VASN may be explored for potential therapeutic benefit in PE.The decrease in EV-associated VASN could potentially be used as a (predictive) biomarker for PE.

Effects of Pregnancy-Onset Asthma on Perinatal Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study

BackgroundIt is unknown whether women with pregnancy-onset asthma are predisposed to worse pregnancy outcomes compared to women with pre-pregnancy asthma. ObjectiveTo explore whether pregnancy-onset asthma leads to worse perinatal outcomes compared with pre-pregnancy asthma. MethodsWomen who were discharged with a diagnosis of asthma and gave birth to a live singleton were included in this retrospective cohort analysis. Women were separated into groups based on whether the asthma was diagnosed during or before pregnancy. Clinical characteristics, perinatal outcomes, and asthma exacerbations (AE) between the two groups were compared. Results335 women were included in this study, of whom 39 (11.6%) had pregnancy-onset asthma and 296 had pre-pregnancy asthma. All the pregnant women in the pregnancy-onset group experienced asthma exacerbations (AE) during pregnancy. The proportion of chronic hypertension, chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, and spontaneous preterm births in the pregnancy-onset group was significantly higher than that in the pre-pregnancy asthma group. After adjusting for age, BMI, onset of asthma during pregnancy, and severity of AE through multivariate analysis, pregnancy-onset asthma was an independent risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth (aOR 7.71, 95% CI 1.30–46.12), severe AE was an independent risk factor for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia (aOR 3.58, 95% CI 1.30–9.87). ConclusionsDuring pregnancy, pregnancy-onset asthma in women is associated with an exacerbation of the condition. Obstetricians should be vigilant for signs of asthma onset during pregnancy. Other health-care providers should watch out for symptoms of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia in pregnant women with pre-existing or new-onset asthma.

Preeclampsia in pregnant women with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study from two tertiary hospitals in Southern Brazil

Background COVID-19 is an infectious pathology that shows vascular changes during pregnancy, as well as in the placentas. The main objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and the risk factors for preeclampsia in hospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19. As well as comparing maternal and perinatal outcomes in hospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19 and preeclampsia with those without preeclampsia. Methods Prospective cohort study of 100 hospitalized pregnant women from two tertiary hospitals, diagnosed with COVID-19, and divided into two groups: PE+ group (pregnant women with COVID-19 and preeclampsia) and PE- group (pregnant women with COVID-19 without preeclampsia). These pregnant women had prevalence, risk factors, maternal and perinatal data analyzed. Results The prevalence of preeclampsia was 11%. Severe COVID-19 was the main risk factor for preeclampsia (OR = 8.18 [CI 1.53–43.52]), as well as fetal growth restriction was the main perinatal outcome (OR = 8.90 [CI 1.52–38.4]). Comorbidities were more frequent in the PE+ group (63.6% vs 31.5%, p = 0.03), as well as prematurity (81.8% vs 41.6%, p = 0.02), low birth weight (63.6% vs 24.7%, p = 0.01), and the need for neonatal intensive care admission of the newborn (63.6% vs 27.0%, p = 0.03). Pregnant women with PE had twice as long a length of stay in the intensive care unit (RR = 2.35 [CI 1.34–4.14]). Although maternal mortality was more frequent among pregnant women with PE, it was not statistically significant. Conclusions Prevalence of preeclampsia in hospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19 was 11%. Severe COVID-19 was the main risk factor for preeclampsia and associated comorbidities increased the risk for developing preeclampsia. Long length of stay in the intensive care unit was the main maternal outcome and fetal growth restriction was the main perinatal outcome of preeclampsia.

CircPAPPA2 plays a role in preeclampsia pathogenesis via regulation of the miR-942/miR-5006-3p

CircRNAs are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs implicated in the pathogenesis of many pregnancy related diseases, one of which is pre-eclampsia (PE). This study aims to investigate the role of CircPAPPA2 (circbase ID: hsa_circ_0015382) in regulating the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells. RNA sequencing was used to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs in placenta of PE and normal pregnant women. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the expression of circPAPPA2 and two miRNAs (miR-942-5p, 5006-3p) in placenta of PE and normal pregnant women. CCK8 and transwell experiments were performed to assess the function of circPAPPA2 in PE development.The interaction between circPAPPA2 and miR-942-5p/miR-5006-3p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, bioinformatics analyzed with gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of the target genes. The results showed that the expression of circPAPPA2 was increased in placenta of PE pregnant women. Also, circPAPPA2 impedes trophoblasts cell proliferation and invasion. Moreover, the expression of circPAPPA2 was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and urine protein. In addition, circPAPPA2 serves as a sponge of miR-942-5p and miR-5006-3p. In conclusion, CircPAPPA2 regulates trophoblasts cell proliferation and invasion by mediating the miR-942/miR-5006-3p.

#1728 New onset proteinuria in two pregnancies: glomerulopathy or preeclampsia?

Abstract Background and Aims Distinguishing between preeclampsia in pregnant women and a new onset glomerulonephritis could be challenging. Method Here, we present two cases on new onset proteinuria during pregnancy which were diagnosed with primary membranous nephropathy and their treatment. Results Case 1. A 27-year-old patient, G6P5A1, was referred to our attention at the 14th week of gestation (wg) for new onset proteinuria of about 5 g/day. She had a personal history of preeclampsia and was already under low-dose Aspirin since the beginning of this pregnancy. She was normotensive, her serum albumin was about 1.8 g/dl (Fig. 1A) and showed no edema. Due to the timing of pregnancy, a glomerular disease was suspected, and she was started on oral prednisolone 20 mg/day. Complementary explorations found a normal SFlT-1 to PlGF ratio as well as normal renal function and positive anti-PLA2R antibodies. A diagnosis of membranous nephropathy diagnosis was, therefore, made. Cyclosporine (CsA) 300 mg twice daily was started, prednisolone was rapidly tapered, and partial remission was rapidly attained. The rest of her pregnancy was uneventful until the 36 wg when hypertension, increase in proteinuria and findings of IUGR developed; on the account of the diagnosis of superimposed preeclampsia, delivery was decided (caesarian section) giving birth to a healthy female baby weighting 1.9 kg (1st Intergrowth centile). After the delivery the patient underwent two injection of Rituximab (Rtx) (1 g 2 weeks apart) and CsA was discontinued. The patient achieved partial remission, and her antibody titer decreased but remained positive. A renal biopsy is scheduled to guide future treatment options. Case 2. A 44-year-old patient, G3P2A1, without history of previous preeclampsia, was referred to our attention at 32 wg for new onset proteinuria around 5 g/day first discovered at 10 wg. Her blood pressure was normal. She was already under Aspirin treatment, based on a suspicion of preeclampsia, which was however ruled out by the timing of proteinuria onset. At referral additional investigations revealed an increase in proteinuria up to 19 g/l, normal renal function, gestational diabetes, normal SFlT-1 to PlGF ratio and a serum albumin around 1.4 g/dl (Fig. 1B). Anti-PLA2R antibodies were positive, and a membranous nephropathy was diagnosed at 34 wg. Immunosuppression treatment was waived considering the timing of pregnancy and supportive treatment by LMW heparin was started. The patient delivered at 37 wg by urgent cesarian section on the account of onset of hypertension, giving birth to a male baby weighting 2760 g (37th Intergrowth centile). CsA treatment was started 5 days after delivery and Rtx infusion followed 2 weeks after delivery, on the account of her decision to breastfeed. CsA was discontinued 2 months after Rtx first injection with complete sustained remission and undetectable PLA2R antibodies. Conclusion Preeclampsia is the most frequent complication of pregnancy. In particular before the 20 wg the distinction between an hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) and primary glomerular disease is fundamental but may be difficult. In our cases, the early onset of proteinuria was in favor of a primitive disease of the kidney. Complementary explorations allowed diagnosing membranous nephropathy. The treatment of glomerulonephritides, either of new onset or chronic, during pregnancy is challenging. Renal biopsy has a higher risk of complications, especially in mid-pregnancy, and finding positive anti PLA2R antibodies may allow avoiding the histological examination. It is worth noting that preeclampsia developed in both cases towards the end of gestation, stressing the role of chronic kidney disease as a major risk factor for HDP. The SFlT-1 to PlGF ratio could come in handy both for differential diagnosis and for diagnosis of superimposed preeclampsia.

Role of pravastatin in the prevention of preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials

Context: Preeclampsia prevention is important for reducing maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Recent studies have explored the use of to prevent preeclampsia and improve maternal, perinatal, or neonatal outcomes. However, the results are still debatable. Aims: To evaluate the role of pravastatin in the prevention of preeclampsia in pregnant women. Methods: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving studies with healthy pregnant women receiving pravastatin vs. control to observe the risk of preeclampsia. Literature searching was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO/CINAHL, PROQUEST, and SCOPUS. Statistical analyses were performed using the Review Manager 5.4.1 software. Results: Five studies were initially identified for meeting the inclusion criteria; 2 studies were treatment studies and had to be excluded, and one small study only used pravastatin for a few weeks, leaving only two studies for statistical analysis. Administration of pravastatin was associated with a reduced risk of preeclampsia (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.29-0.90; p= 0.02) and preterm delivery (OR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.16-0.58; p&lt;0.01). The risk of preeclampsia with severe features and small for gestational ages was not different. Only one study (INOVASIA) reported on preterm preeclampsia, prophylactic pravastatin was associated with a marked and significant reduction of preterm preeclampsia rates (OR: 0.034; 95% CI: 0.202-0.905). Pregnant women receiving pravastatin had better perinatal outcomes in terms of birthweight, Apgar scores, NICU admission, length of stay, and respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusions: Pravastatin has the potential to prevent the occurrence of preeclampsia, premature birth, and perinatal morbidity in pregnant women. However, it is necessary to conduct more RCTs with a larger sample size and appropriate follow-up of the offspring to further examine the efficacy of pravastatin in preeclampsia prevention.

Evaluating the hepato-renal function of preeclampsia pregnant women undergoing treatment at tertiary healthcare institutions in Enugu metropolis: A cross sectional study

Evaluating the hepato-renal function of preeclampsia pregnant women undergoing treatment at tertiary healthcare institutions in Enugu metropolis: A cross sectional study

Correlation between platelet indices and preeclampsia with severe features

Backgrounds: Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy-related syndrome with a 2-8% prevalence worldwide. In Indonesia, its incidence was 128,273 (5.3%) cases that caused 30-40% of maternal deaths. In 2021, at Karawang General Public Hospital, there are 43% cases of pre-eclampsia with 3% of complication. The pathophysiology is related to the inflammatory and coagulation system that includes platelets. Thus, platelet indices as indicators for platelet changes could be potential laboratory markers for pre-eclampsia.Objective: To examine the relationship between the platelet indices and pre-eclampsia severe features at the Karawang General Public HospitalMethods: The six months cross-sectional study was conducted at the Karawang General Public Hospital for pre-eclampsia pregnant women with at least 28 weeks of gestational age. The pre-eclampsia criteria were blood pressure higher or equal to 140/90 mmHg and qualitative proteinuria dipstick +1. The subjects were divided into two groups: pre-eclampsia with severe features and without severe features. Severe features criteria were thrombocytopenia, impaired liver function, renal insufficiency, pulmonary edema, new onset headache, and visual disturbances. Pregnant women have their blood platelet indices checked in the form of platelet crit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR). Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis (percentage), cut-off analysis, ROC curve, AUC analysis, bivariate Chi-square analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: There was a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) in the value of PCT, MPV, PDW, and P-LCR between pregnant pre-eclampsia women with severe features and pregnant pre-eclampsia women without severe features. P-LCR has the best sensitivity (52.9%) and specificity (98.9%).Conclusions: There was a significant change in the value of the platelet indices (PCT, MPV, PDW, P-LCR) in pregnant pre-eclampsia women with severe features at the Karawang General Public Hospital.

Analysis of risk factors of preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic hypertension and its impact on pregnancy outcomes

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors and maternal and fetal outcomes of preeclampsia after pregnancy in patients with primary chronic hypertension.MethodsA total of 500 singleton pregnant women with a history of hypertension who were admitted for delivery at our Hospital from March 2015 to May 2022 were retrospectively collected by random sampling and divided into the non-occurrence group (n = 200) and the occurrence group (n = 300) according to whether they were complicated by preeclampsia. Afterward, the general data and the pregnancy-related data of patients were collected for comparison.ResultsThe univariate analysis showed significant differences between the non-occurrence group and the occurrence group in terms of the proportion of preeclampsia history (4.00% VS 24.67%, χ2 = 37.383, P < 0.001), duration of hypertension > 3 years (18.00% VS 31.67%, χ2 = 11.592, P < 0.001), systemic therapy (20.50% VS 10.00%, χ2 = 10.859, P < 0.001), gestational age at admission [37.72 (34.10, 38.71) VS 35.01 (31.91, 37.42) weeks, Z = -9.825, P < 0.001]. Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis showed that a history of preeclampsia (OR = 6.796, 95% CI: 3.575 ∼ 10.134, χ2 = 8.234, P < 0.001), duration of hypertension > 3 years (OR = 3.456, 95% CI: 2.157 ∼ 5.161, χ2 = 9.348, P < 0.001), and a lack of systemic antihypertensive treatment (OR = 8.983, 95% CI: 7.735 ∼ 9.933, χ2 = 9.123, P < 0.001) were risk factors for chronic hypertension complicated by preeclampsia during pregnancy.ConclusionA history of preeclampsia, a longer duration of hypertension, and a lack of systematic antihypertensive treatment are risk factors for chronic hypertension complicated by preeclampsia during pregnancy. The occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women with chronic hypertension increases the incidence of maternal HELLP syndrome and fetal distress.

The Antioxidant Effect of Ajwa Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) to Inhibit the Progression of Preeclampsia Threats on Pregnant Women through Malondialdehyde as Prooxidant Serum Marker

Hypertension in pregnancy, including preeclampsia, is still a significant problem worldwide and is one of the top three causes of maternal death in Indonesia. The pathophysiology of the disease is unclear yet, but vascular dysfunction due to oxidative stress is thought to play a role. Ajwa dates are known for their antioxidant effects due to their higher phenolic and flavonoids than other dates. The study aimed to determine the impact of consuming seven Ajwa dates each day on the progression of preeclampsia as assessed by changes in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Forty pregnant women with gestational age more than 20 weeks were randomly assigned into two groups: the samples of the control group were 10, who were encouraged to consume lots of fruits and vegetables, and the samples of the intervention group were 30, who consumed seven pieces of Ajwa dates every day for eight weeks. MDA measurements were carried out pre-and post-intervention. The intervention group showed a significant reduction in MDA levels following the 8-week intervention period. Consumption of seven Ajwa dates every day can reduce MDA levels significantly and, thus, has the potential to inhibit the progression of preeclampsia in pregnant women who are at risk of preeclampsia based on stress oxidative mechanism.

UPAYA DETEKSI MANDIRI TANDA BAHAYA KEHAMILAN DENGAN PREEKLAMSIA MENGGUNAKAN SPELLING PUZZLE GAME

Preeclampsia is a condition identified as diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg at ≥ 20 weeks of gestation. Preeclampsia is a risky condition for pregnant women, is one of the causes of maternal death in Indonesia, and causes fetal growth to be hampered. Games that can help you understand more easily are puzzles, containing word games. One of the puzzle games is the Spelling Puzzle Game. This activity aims to independently detect preeclampsia in pregnant women using the Spelling Puzzle Game. The method used in community service is health education outreach using the Spelling Puzzle Game media. The targets for this activity were pregnant women, women of childbearing age (WUS), and cadres in the RW 07 Kapasan Village area, Simokerto District, totaling 21 respondents. The results of the activity showed that the level of knowledge about preeclampsia was in the good category of 100% (21 respondents). Respondents should be able to carry out early detection of preeclampsia independently to help reduce or control blood pressure

The relationship between preeclampsia risk and SENCR rs555172 gene polymorphism and expression.

Preeclampsia, the more severe manifestation of gestational hypertensive disorders, is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Genetic polymorphisms in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered as potential genetic preeclampsia. This study aimed to explore the association between SENCR rs555172 SNP and PE risk in healthy pregnant women compared to women with preeclampsia. A total of 140 healthy pregnant women and 130 preeclampsia cases were included in the study. The rs555172 genotype was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the expression of the SENCR gene was analyzed in 40 placenta tissue samples from both groups. Various statistical approaches were employed to assess the genotypic and allelic frequencies. The results showed no significant difference in the frequency of the rs555172 polymorphism between healthy pregnant women and those with preeclampsia in terms of the dominant (p=0.82), recessive (p=0.39), and over-dominant (p=0.42) models. Additionally, the analysis of SENCR relative expression revealed no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.48). In conclusion, the LncRNA SENCR rs555172(G/A) seems not associated with an increased risk of Preeclampsia in pregnant women.

Risk Factors for Pre-Eclampsia in Pregnant Women at RSUD dr. ABDUL Rivai Berau

Based on medical record data from RSUD dr. Abdul Rivai Berau is known to have 395 cases of pre-eclampsia pregnant women in January-October 2023. Risk factors that play an important role in the occurrence of pre-eclampsia: To determine risk factors for pre-eclampsia in pregnant women was age, parity, history contraceptives and multiple pregnancies. Type of research carried out was quantitative research with an analytical survey research design and a retrospective design. The population is all data pre-eclampsia cases in pregnant women January to October 2023 totaling 395 people, the Slovin formula sample of 199 people was obtained. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. Data analysis using ch square. Age not at risk 57.8%, multigravida parity 55.3%, no history of using hormonal contraceptives 54.3%, no multiple pregnancies 51.8% and classification of mild pre-eclampsia 54.3%. There is a relationship between age and incidence of pre-eclampsia (p value = 0.009). There is a relationship between parity and incidence of pre-eclampsia (p value = 0.026). There is a relationship between a history of hormonal contraceptive use and the incidence of pre-eclampsia (p value = 0.011). There is a relationship between multiple pregnancies and incidence of pre-eclampsia (p value = 0.014). Age, parity, history of using hormonal contraceptives and multiple pregnancies as risk factors for pre-eclampsia in pregnant women. It is hoped RSUD dr. Abdul Rivai Berau provides health counseling or education to pregnant women preventing pre-eclampsia by providing material related to risk factors for pre-eclampsia in pregnant women along with their treatment and prevention

Clinical study on the difference in intestinal microecology between patients with preeclampsia and pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy.

Objective: To explore the difference in intestinal microecology between patients with preeclampsia and pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy. Methods: From January 2020 to January 2022, clinical data, including blood routine, lipid profile, and renal function indicators, were gathered from a cohort consisting of 5 cases of preeclampsia and 34 cases of non-preeclampsia. The non-preeclampsia group was further categorized into 6 cases in the First trimester, 13 cases in the Second trimester, and 15 cases in the Third trimester. The data collection took place at the Obstetrics Department of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province. Additionally, fecal samples were obtained from each subject for 16S rDNA gene sequencing and subsequent analysis. The clinical data and composition characteristics of the gut microbiota in each group were analyzed, and the correlation between gut microbiota and clinical data was analyzed by the Spearman correlation analysis method. Results: In comparison to pregnant women without preeclampsia, preeclampsia patients exhibited a statistically significant elevation in blood routine parameters (WBC, N, L, and PLT count), a rise in lipid-related indicators (TC, TG, and LDL-C levels), a reduction in HDL-C levels, and an increase in renal function-related indicators (Cr, BUN, UA and Pro levels). Compared with non-preeclampsia pregnant women, preeclampsia women exhibited an augmented diversity of gut microbiota. Differences in gut microbiota composition between the two groups were observed at the gate and genus levels. Moreover, there are significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota between the preeclampsia group and the third-trimester group in terms of genus and species, and this difference is mainly caused by Prevotella and s_ Bacteroides_ Uniformis and Ruminococcus_ bromii. In addition, actinobacteria, bifidobacterium at the genus level, and Ruminococcus_bromii at the species level are positively correlated with clinically relevant indicators (excluding HDL-C). Conclusion: There are significant differences in gut microbiota between preeclampsia pregnant women and late pregnancy pregnant without preeclampsia, including Prevotella and Bacteroides_ Uniformis, and Ruminococcus_ bromii. In addition, these differential bacteria are correlated with most clinical indicators. However, additional comprehensive analysis is required to ascertain the functional correlation between these bacteria and clinical indicators.

Risk Factors For Occurring Preeclampsia In Pregnant Women : Literature Review

Preeclampsia is a potentially dangerous pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure. This condition usually occurs when the gestational age reaches 20 weeks. Preeclampsia has an impact when pregnant and giving birth also results in postpartum problems due to endothelial dysfunction in various organs. Long-term effects can also occur in babies born to mothers with preeclampsia. With the high rate of preeclampsia in Indonesia and globally, this study aims to determine the risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women. The form of this research is Literature Review using a journal search on Google Scholar. The keywords used are Preeclampsia; Cause; and Pregnancy. After being selected, five journals will be reviewed, four journals are cross-sectional studies and one other journal is a case control study. The conclusion of this study The risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women include history of hypertension, history of preeclampsia, age, Body Mask Index (BMI), parity, stress, knowledge, completeness of Antenatal care (ANC), diet and exposure to cigarette smoke.