Practice Of Healthy Behaviors Research Articles

Enhancing Disease and Management Knowledge Among Black Americans With Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Lack of knowledge contributes to disparate outcomes among Americans with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed the impact of an educational intervention on disease knowledge and management in Black Americans with asthma or COPD. Pre-post study design with 9-month follow-up. Urban church community. Black American adults (N = 38) with self-reported asthma (18) and COPD (20), of which 76.3% (N = 29) completed the intervention. The Asthma COPD (ACOPD) Workshop consisted of three 1-hour classes focused on disease knowledge and management behaviors (physical activity, nutrition, and avoiding triggers) delivered in 16 sessions over six months. Knowledge questionnaire. McNemar's tests for paired proportions. Knowledge of disease concepts increased post-intervention, then decreased at the 9-month follow-up. There was a significant difference in the proportion of participants that provided correct answers to questions about 'two diseases that constitute COPD' (P = .04), 'main cause of COPD' (P = .01), 'written action plan' (P = .04), and 'untrue statement about asthma,' (P = .02). The ACOPD Workshop increased knowledge of basic disease concepts, risk factors, and management. Regular delivery of educational sessions in the community can support knowledge retention and practice of healthy behaviors.

A Qualitative Study on Parenting Practices to Sustain Adolescent Health Behaviors in American Indian Families.

American Indian (AI) adolescents who practice healthy behaviors of sleep, nutrition, physical activity, and limited screen time can lower their lifetime risk of diet-sensitive disease. Little is known about how AI parenting practices influence the health behaviors of youth. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore how a group of AI parents of youths at risk of disease influenced their youth's health behaviors after a family intervention. A secondary objective was to understand the role of AI parents in supporting and sustaining health behavior change in their youths following the intervention. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with AI parents (n = 11) and their young adolescents, 10-15 years old (n = 6). Parents reported facilitators to how they enacted healthy lifestyle behaviors, including family togetherness, routines, youth inclusion in cooking, and motivation due to a health condition in the family. Barriers to enacting healthy behaviors included a lack of time, a lack of access to health resources, negative role modeling, and the pervasiveness of screen media. Three major themes about the role of AI parenting emerged inductively from the interview data: "Parenting in nontraditional families", "Living in the American grab-and-go culture", and "Being there and teaching responsibility". The importance of culture in raising youths was emphasized. These findings inform strategies to promote long-term adherence to behavior changes within the intervention. This study contributes to public health conversations regarding approaches for AI youths and families, who are not well represented in previous health behavior research.

Improving Life Skills in Rural women through Adult Literacy Program in Tehsil D.G. Khan

This study explored the role of Adult Literacy program in improving the literacy skills, general knowledge and health conditions on rural women. A sample of 330 learners was drawn though multistage sampling. The findings showed that learners have improved their reading and writing skills, basic arithmetic skills, vocabulary, and understanding of national language and currency notes. Further, their understanding and awareness about various aspects of their life including religious rites and practices, history of religion, cooking and home remedies has also increased. The program also enhanced learner’s awareness about health problems, hygienic principles, self-medication, importance of cleanliness and child care. This knowledge helped them to practice healthy behaviors and to improve their health conditions.

Effects of WAKE.TAIWAN Healthy Lifestyle Web-Based Promotion Programs on Adults’ Awareness of Self-perceived Weight Status and Their Healthy Lifestyle Stages: Retrospective Analysis

Obesity is a major risk factor of many chronic diseases. However, current obesity control policies and actions are not sufficient to halt the pandemic. It has been documented that more than half of all adults are not able to interpret their own weight status, not to mention to practice healthy lifestyles. Social media and interactive websites can reach people on a long-term basis, which may be used as intervention vehicles to build up cognition for weight control and to promote healthy behavior practices. WAKE.TAIWAN is an ongoing web-based multifaceted healthy lifestyle promotion program with social media and interactive websites as the intervention vehicle. This study aimed to examine whether adults reached by our program would have increased awareness to their own anthropometric measures, correctly judge their body weight status, and practice healthy behaviors over time. This study adopted a quasi-experimental design with web-based questionnaire surveys. The experimental group consisted of WAKE.TAIWAN Facebook group members aged 20-65 years who have used the interactive website health education resources (n=177). The group was further stratified into 2 subgroups based on their duration of participation (E1 group: duration <1 year; E2 group: duration ≥1 year). The control group consisted of other Facebook users (n=545) in the same age range who had not been exposed to the health education materials of this project. A total of 722 people (male: n=267, 37%; and female: n=455, 63%) participated in our survey in 2019. Data were analyzed to evaluate program effectiveness using a generalized linear model. The proportion of people correctly interpreting their own weight status in the experimental group was greater than that of the control group (control group: 320/545, 58.7%; group E1: 53/88, 60%; and group E2: 64/89, 72%). The E2 experimental group was significantly better than the control group in paying attention to weight-related measures and in correctly interpreting their own weight status (odds ratio 1.73, 95% CI 1.04-2.89; P=.04). With respect to the behavioral stages of practicing healthy eating and active living, both experimental groups, E1 and E2, performed significantly better than the control group (group E1: P=.003 and P=.02; and group E2: P=.004 and P<.001, respectively). This study demonstrates that the longer the participants were exposed to our social media-based programs, the higher the proportion of them that would have the correct judgement on their weight status and fall in the higher stages of healthy lifestyle behaviors. A longitudinal follow-up survey is in place to verify these findings.

“It’s about being healthy”; a novel approach to the socio-ecological model using family perspectives within the Latinx community

BackgroundThe Latinx community is at risk for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other chronic illnesses. Culturally appropriate, community facing physical activity (P.A.) and nutrition programs may provide the basis for families to improve their health status. Our objectives are as follows: 1. To investigate synergistic factors within this type of program that play a role in creating an environment for participants to learn and practice healthy behaviors. 2. To apply factors into a novel model of components that support health and wellness. 3. To design an intervention for future implementation and evaluation.MethodsA two-year P.A. and nutrition program, Families Inspired Together 4 Youth Empowered to Succeed (FIT 4 YES), took place in Milwaukee, WI. with Hispanic families from 2018 to 2020 through a community-academic partnership. A pair of interviewers spoke with families who provided insight into the impact of the program. A grounded theory qualitative approach to code the transcripts guided the team to identify overarching themes.ResultsTwenty-four interviews were conducted. Common themes indicated that children had a stronger belief in their abilities and confidence in peer support. Parents noticed their children increasing self-directed healthy behaviors. All families grew in their implementation of health and wellness.ConclusionsThree main components of FIT 4 YES contributed to its success: opportunities for engagement, supportive relationships, and the interplay of components that emerged from the interviews. Effective programs could include these components to make their outcomes more cohesive within the family. A novel model emerged that builds on the social-ecological model that emphasizes the dynamic interactions between these main components. Additional research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects and response by the community.

Influence of social media exposure on knowledge and behaviour of COVID-19 preventive measure: a cross sectional study

&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;p&gt;A lot of misinformation about COVID-19 on social media possibly hinder the practice of healthy behaviors that are essential to protect individuals. This situation is exacerbated by the lack of health literacy in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the influence of social media information exposure on the knowledge and behavior of Indonesians in compliance with COVID-19 protocols. An online survey of 909 people was conducted from July 2 to August 10, 2020. The data collected were knowledge and behavior of preventing COVID-19, while independent variables were socio-demographic characteristics and exposure to social media information. Inclusion criteria were defined as follows: minimum age of 18 years and domiciled in the country during the data collection period. The analysis used for the data collected were univariate and multivariate. The result showed that gender, age, marital status, and social media presence significantly affect a person's knowledge about COVID-19 with a p-value less than 0.05. Enforcement behavior of health and healthy living protocols is significantly influenced by the respondent’s gender, marital status, education level, the island of residence, and exposure to online information. The frequency of exposure to information affects people's knowledge and behavior to implement health protocols and healthy living in the COVID-19 era, and it is further influenced by socio-demographic characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Leveraging Digital Tools for Health Communication and Promotion

Globally, one-third of the world’s population has difficulty searching, comprehending, and using information needed to maintain health and well-being (Van den Broucke, 2020). Empowering people to learn and practice healthy behaviors and engage in self-care is at the core of health promotion (Van den Broucke, 2020). Appropriate health communication has been vital during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic impact can be alleviated by promoting healthy behaviors while using appropriate tools to publicize information in easily understood language by the public. Most health information is accessed online so digital health communication and promotion is important. Numerous digital tools are available. Electronic mail (email) is a powerful tool to engage with various audiences using electronic devices. Worldwide 3.9 billion people use email, spending up to five hours daily to check work and personal emails (SlideShare, 2019) (Statista, 2021). Emails are cost effective and directly connect the intended audience with personalized content. MailChimp is a digital tool that the Institute for Population Health (IPH), Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar uses to disseminate credible information via email to create awareness about health-related topics. MailChimp is convenient to use with in-built templates to create visually appealing content along with the option to add unique links as required. Embedding useful links and eye-catching visuals attracts consumers to read and learn from the content. MailChimp also hosts the audience database, manages audience preferences, and facilitates scheduling/sending the newsletters. For example, the IPH ‘Stay Safe, Stay Healthy’ newsletter created on MailChimp, focuses on topics relevant to COVID-19, health, and well-being. The newsletters guide the public to navigate, and access trusted/reputable sources to adopt lifestyles appropriate for optimum health and well-being. They provide information in simple language using appealing and culturally appropriate visuals and communicate new or updated evidence as necessary. The newsletter email campaigns have garnered 111,789 opens (total times the campaign was opened by recipients) and 28,507 clicks (total times any tracked link was clicked) from March 2020-2022 (MailChimp, 2022). Reliable, evidence-based, and well-crafted health communication can facilitate behavior change, dispel fear and uncertainty, promote compliance with positive health behaviors, and disseminate reliable and succinct information (Finset, 2020). It can also help alleviate stress and feelings of ‘overwhelm’ when confronted with information overload online (Van den Broucke, 2020). Most digital tools such as MailChimp are accessible via a paid subscription. Subscription fees could be a deterrent to their use. Nevertheless, digital tools like MailChimp are an effective means to optimize emails and can contribute to health promotion by facilitating the dissemination of health-related information via email, in a timely, efficient, and effective manner.

Factors Influencing the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea

Background: To prevent the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) should take the lead in their health behaviors by understanding physiological indicators such as blood sugar, blood pressure, lipids, smoking cessation, and regular ophthalmologic examinations. The health provider's role is important in motivating diabetic retinopathy patients to practice healthy behaviors since they provide treatment information and feedback to the patient. Therefore, it is necessary to educate diabetic patients on their knowledge of diabetic mellitus (DM) to raise awareness of desirable health behaviors and to continue self-management through motivation with the support from family and health care providers. This is a descriptive survey research to identify whether patients’ knowledge about diabetes, family support, and health care provider's support for autonomy impacted the severity of diabetic retinopathy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objectives/Significance: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of diabetic knowledge, family support, and health care provider's support for autonomy on the severity of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients and use this information as primary data for developing health behavior practice programs to prevent and manage diabetic retinopathy. Methodology: Cross-sectional data were collected in South Korea in 2019. Participants were 136 patients who had T2DM who attended an outpatient endocrinology clinic. A chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted using SPSS software (version 24.0), and Cronbach's coefficient was used to measure the reliability of each test. A linear multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of diabetic retinopathy. The scale for knowledge about diabetes had 26 items, the scale for family support had 12 items, and the scale for the severity of DR was classified according to the international clinical diabetic retinopathy severity measurement standards. Results: The comparisons of the severity of diabetic retinopathy depended on general and disease-related characteristics, and there was a statistically significant difference between DR and diabetic complications (t=4.07, p&lt;.001). Significant correlations with SBP (r=.35 and p&lt;.001), DBP (r=.37, p&lt;.001), HbA1c (r=.29, p=.001), LDL- cholesterol (r=.18, p=.036), and triglyceride (r=.28, p=.001) were identified. Also, health care provider's support for autonomy was significantly correlated with the severity of DR (r=-.17, p=.048). As a result of analyzing the influence of independent variables on diabetic retinopathy, DBP (ß=.281, p=.018), DM complications (ß=.188, p=.024), and health care provider's support for autonomy (ß=- .207, p=.002) were found to affect the severity of diabetic retinopathy (F=5.725, p=.018). As a result of analyzing the influence of independent variables on diabetic retinopathy, DBP (ß=.281, p=.018), DM complications (ß=.188, p=.024), and healthcare provider's support for autonomy (ß=- .207, p=.002) were found to affect the severity of diabetic retinopathy (F=5.725, p=.018). The explanation power of this regression model was 29.6%, and it was statistically significant (F=5.725, p=.018).

“Taking care of your pregnancy”: a mixed-methods study of group antenatal care in Kakamega County, Kenya

BackgroundTraditional antenatal care (ANC) models often do not meet women’s needs for information, counseling, and support, resulting in gaps in quality and coverage. Group ANC (GANC) provides an alternative, person-centered approach where pregnant women of similar gestational age meet with the same health provider for facilitated discussion. Few studies show associations between GANC and various outcomes.MethodsWe employed a pre-post quasi-experimental design using mixed methods to assess a GANC model (Lea Mimba Pregnancy Clubs) at six health facilities in Kakamega County, Kenya. Between April 2018 and January 2019, we tracked 1652 women assigned to 162 GANC cohorts. Using an intention-to-treat approach, we conducted baseline (N = 112) and endline surveys (N = 360) with women attending immunization visits to assess outcomes including experience of care, empowerment and self-efficacy, knowledge of healthy practices and danger signs, and practice of healthy behaviors, including ANC retention. At endline, we conducted 29 in-depth interviews (IDIs) and three focus group discussions with women who were currently and previously participating in GANC, and 15 IDIs with stakeholders.ResultsThe proportion of survey respondents with knowledge of three or more danger signs during pregnancy more than tripled, from 7.1% at baseline to 26.4% at endline (OR: 4.58; 95% CI: 2.26–10.61). We also found improvements in women’s reports about their experience of care between baseline and endline, particularly in their assessment of knowledge and competence of health workers (OR: 2.52 95% CI: 1.57–4.02), respect shown by ANC providers (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.16–2.85), and women’s satisfaction with overall quality of care (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.03–2.53). We saw an increase from 58.9% at baseline to 71.7% at endline of women who strongly agreed that they shared their feelings and experiences with other women (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.1–2.7). The mean number of ANC visits increased by 0.89 visits (95% CI: 0.47–1.42) between baseline (4.21) and endline (5.08). No changes were seen in knowledge of positive behaviors, empowerment, self-efficacy, and several aspects related to women’s experience of care and adoption of healthy behavior constructs. Qualitatively, women and stakeholders noted improved interactions between health providers and women, improved counseling, increased feelings of empowerment to ask questions and speak freely and strengthened social networks and enhanced social cohesion among women.ConclusionsGANC offers promise for enhancing women’s experience of care by providing improved counseling and social support. Additional research is needed to develop and test measures for empowerment, self-efficacy, and experience of care, and to understand the pathways whereby GANC effects changes in specific outcomes.

COVID-19 Risk Perceptions and Health Behaviors in Puerto Rico.

ABSTRACT.Preventative health behaviors were encouraged for all at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, as the pandemic continued after 2020, some people stopped implementing all measures. It is unknown if people living in Puerto Rico continued to perform preventive health behaviors throughout the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to explore if the risk perceptions of COVID-19 were associated with preventative health behaviors among Puerto Ricans during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample from Puerto Rico (N = 285) was recruited from January to March 2021 to participate in a cross-sectional, online survey about health behaviors and risk perceptions of COVID-19. Demographics were reported, and a multivariate logistic regression explored the relationships between health behaviors (e.g., handwashing, staying at home, and not allowing visitors) and fear of COVID-19 (outcome variable) and risk of becoming infected with COVID-19 (outcome variable). Those who reported that they washed their hands more often than usual were more likely (adjusted odds ratios = 6.93) to indicate that they were afraid of COVID-19 compared with those who were not performing this behavior. Also, those who reported not leaving their home as much and who did not receive visitors into their house as much as they did before the pandemic were 2.49 and 2.89 times as likely to report being afraid of the virus, respectively, as their counterparts. Although fear may not effectively change all behaviors, it may encourage Puerto Rican adults to practice healthy behaviors that will prevent the spread of COVID-19.

Abstract P071: Child Enjoyment Sustains Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines Through Adolescence And Resulting Health Outcomes And Maintenance Of Fitness Activities In Young Adulthood

Introduction: The CDC considers physical activity (PA) to be a major contributive factor to prevention of many noncommunicable diseases. In order to educate and encourage citizens to practice healthy behaviors the CDC has created PA guidelines for preventing these diseases. Children and early adolescents tend to meet the recommended guidelines, but as individuals age, beginning as early as late adolescence, the proportion of those meeting guidelines tends to dissipate. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that independent variables would predict guideline maintenance through adolescence and young adult health outcomes through direct and indirect effects. Methods: Using data from the NICHD longitudinal Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1364; female = 48%, male = 52%) this study used a latent class analysis approach to structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine associations between predictor variables and meeting PA guideline trajectories. PA guideline trajectories were defined as: 1) the norm (most common trajectory)—meeting at age 12 and not meeting at age 15, 2) the High PA trajectory—meeting at both ages 12 and 15, and 3) the Low PA trajectory—not meeting at both ages 12 and 15. Predictor variables were: child enjoyment of PA, parent enjoyment of PA, youth sport participation, days parent participated in PA 30 minutes or more, days parent encouraged child PA, and days parent participated in PA with the child. Finally direct associations were tested between all predictor variables, High PA, and Low PA trajectory, as well as indirect associations mediated by the trajectories on age 26 overall health score, BMI, and weekly participation in fitness activities. Results: CFI, χ 2 , SRMR and RMSEA indices indicated strong fit for this model. High levels of child enjoyment of PA was negatively associated with Low PA (β = -0.15, p = 0.029) and positively associated with High PA (β = 0.125, p = 0.004). Age 26 overall health score (β = 0.155, p = 0.003) and BMI (β =-0.098, p = 0.008) were associated with High PA trajectory, however participation in fitness activities was not. Child enjoyment of PA was directly associated with age 26 fitness activity participation (β = 0.135, p = 0.001). Indirect effects of child enjoyment on age 26 health (β = 0.019, p = 0.059) and BMI (β = -0.012, p = 0.076) showed significant trends through the High PA trajectory pathway. Conclusions: Of all independent variables tested in this model, the most predictive for continuing to meet PA guidelines is child enjoyment of PA. However, continuing to meet PA guidelines during adolescence was not directly associated with fitness activity participation in young adulthood. In conclusion, findings from this model indicate meeting PA guidelines predicts better health outcomes in young adulthood; and fostering enjoyment of PA during childhood is a key factor to maintain the behaviors to achieve these outcomes.

Medical Education and the Ethics of Self-Care: A Survey of Medical Students Regarding Professional Challenges and Expectations for Living Healthy Lifestyles.

Little is known about medical students' attitudes regarding the healthy lifestyle habits they are taught to recommend to patients and whether they believe they have a professional responsibility to live a healthy lifestyle. Understanding students' attitudes and practices regarding healthy lifestyles may provide insights into the personal and professional challenges that students face as they navigate the ethical tension between obligations to care for others (altruism) and for themselves (self-care). The authors conducted a cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey of all medical students at the University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine in fall 2019, using descriptive statistics for analysis. A total of 351 students participated (response rate, 52.0%). Most agreed that physicians (85.5%) and medical students (77.8%) have a responsibility to try to live a healthy lifestyle; that physicians who practice healthy behaviors are more confident in counseling patients (94.0%), more likely to counsel patients (88.3%), and more likely to have their advice followed (86.9%); that as students they are more likely to counsel patients if they practice the healthy behavior (90.0%); and that their medical school workload resulted in exercise (69.7%), sleeping (69.4%), and eating (60.2%) practices that were less healthy than they should be. Most medical students support the professional responsibility to live a healthy lifestyle and believe doing so increases their effectiveness in counseling patients about healthy lifestyle habits. The medical school workload may limit some students' ability to live healthy lifestyles, however. Medical students need educational opportunities in ethics and professionalism to discuss challenges and expectations for living healthy lifestyles, with an eye toward practical approaches to living the life of a medical student that are professionally responsible and personally realistic.

Effects of helping relationships on health-promoting lifestyles among patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundHealthy behaviors can slow the progression of chronic kidney disease. Professional healthcare providers deliver education, physical exercise programs, motivation consultations, and stage-tailored strategies for improving health behaviors, but their effectiveness reported mixed. The helping relationships of significant others based on the transtheoretical model have been shown to be beneficial in facilitating and practicing health-promoting behaviors. However, few studies have examined the effects of helping relationships on health-promoting behaviors among patients with chronic kidney disease. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of the intervention strategies of significant others in their helping relationships with patients to advance stages of exercise and diet behaviors, and to improve health-promoting lifestyles. DesignA randomized controlled study. SettingsTwo outpatient nephrology clinics in southern Taiwan. ParticipantsSixty participants in each of the two groups. MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 60) whose significant others received strategies for helping relationships for 12 months, or the control group (n = 60). The Stage of Change of Exercise and Diet Behaviors, and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II Chinese version were assessed at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after receiving the helping relationship interventions tailored to stage of change from significant others. ResultsGeneralized estimating equation analyzes revealed that the intervention group, when compared to the control group, had significantly advanced stages of change in exercise and diet, and improvement in health-promoting lifestyle over time. Adult children and spouses were the most common significant others to help patients practice healthy behaviors, compared to previous studies where professional healthcare providers were the significant others. ConclusionsIndividualized plans for healthy behaviors should take into consideration patients’ readiness for adopting stage-tailored strategies of helping relationships of significant others to adhere to the health-promoting lifestyle. To promote a healthier lifestyle, significant others, such as spouses and adult children, should be included in treatment programs.

Discover Wellness: A Worksite Wellness Program for Higher Education

Sixty percent of adults in the United States suffer from chronic disease. Worksite wellness programs that target at-risk populations have positive health benefits. Discover Wellness: Find a Healthier You (DW) is a worksite wellness program intended to improve the higher education employee health by providing an opportunity for participants to learn and practice healthy behaviors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate DW program impact on employee behavior change to reduce chronic disease risk. This study employed a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design that assessed self-efficacy and health behaviors of employees of a state university in the northeast United States. Participants experienced significant improvement in stress (t23 = -31.602, p &lt; 0.001), nutrition (t21 = -36.313, p &lt; 0.001), physical activity (t22 = -34.380, p &lt; 0.001), and sleep (t23 = -18.450, p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, anecdotes from participants revealed themes of comradery and reflection on health behaviors.

Clustering of Healthy Behaviors and Related Factors among 19-64 Aged Korean Adults

Objectives: This study was performed to identify and find the clustering of healthy behaviors and the factors related to the clustering among Korean adults aged 19-64.Methods: The data of 9,519 Korean adults aged between 19 and 64 years who participated in the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used as the analysis target. Following the recommendation of the Health Plan 2020 for health-promoting lifestyle, four variables, including nonsmoking, moderate drinking, sufficient physical activity, and healthy diet, were used in the study. The multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationships among demographic characteristics, health-related characteristics, and clustering of healthy behaviors.Results: The significant elements of healthy behaviors clustering included sufficient physical activities for males, and non-smoking, moderate drinking, and healthy diet for females. Clustering healthy behaviors were higher for “females, the elderly, people with higher level of education, people with higher household income, people with diabetes, and people who perceive their subjective health status is good.Conclusions: In this study, the factors related to the clustering of healthy behaviors were identified. In order to spread the practice of healthy behaviors, multiple interventions are more effective than individual health behaviors.

Barriers toward the practice of healthy behaviors among patients with non-communicable diseases in Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Objectives:Non-communicable diseases are non-infectious health conditions caused by genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Currently, non-communicable diseases account for almost two-thirds of deaths globally. This study aimed to explore the patients’ adherence level to the key recommendations, and the main barriers toward the practice of healthy behaviors among non-communicable diseases patients.Method:This cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of non-communicable diseases patients, receiving care in five primary healthcare centers in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. An interview-based questionnaire about demographics, medical history, and barriers toward the practice of healthy behaviors was developed and collected based on the health belief model and the theory of planned behaviors. Independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test were used for analysis.Results:Four hundred patients with non-communicable diseases, aged (53.06 ± 10.03) years old, (56.8% females and 43.3% males) were included in this study. The patient’s adherence was reported as 50.1%, standard deviation = 18.3 in terms of attended regular physical activity, and 44.0%, standard deviation = 15.4 in terms of eating a healthy diet. The main barriers to being active among patients were lack of accessibility to materials, lack of social support, and lack of reminder; while in terms of eating a healthy diet were lack of accessibility to materials, lack of social support, and lack of self-efficacy.Conclusion:The non-communicable diseases patients’ adherence to healthy behaviors is suboptimal. Varied implementation strategies targeting the main barriers are extremely required to enhance the access to physical activity infrastructure, affordable healthy diet options, and to reinforce the change toward healthy behaviors at all levels.

Effectiveness of a Mobile Health Management Program With a Challenge Strategy for Improving the Cardiovascular Health of Workers.

Workers' cardiovascular health can be influenced by individual willingness to practice healthy behaviors. A mobile health management program with a challenge strategy was administered to promote workers' healthy behaviors among small to medium-sized enterprises. A 12-week program consisted of health communication with a challenge strategy was administered to the workers. The intervention group showed significantly improved scores for cardiovascular disease-related health behavior (Z = -2.44, P = 0.013), the job stress contributing factor of inadequate social support (F = 4.10, P = 0.049), and the cardiovascular disease-related health status of waist circumference (t = 3.22, P = 0.004), body fat (Z = -2.23, P = 0.024), and triglycerides (Z = -3.04, P = 0.001). This study's significance is its potential for increasing the convenience and joy of participating in intervention programs and acquiring health information through mobile platforms, which are easily accessible to the workers.

The Requirements for New Tools for Use by Pilots and the Aviation Industry to Manage Risks Pertaining to Work-Related Stress (WRS) and Wellbeing, and the Ensuing Impact on Performance and Safety

Work is part of our wellbeing and a key driver of a person’s health. Pilots need to be fit for duty and aware of risks that compromise their health/wellbeing. Recent studies suggest that work-related stress (WRS) impacts on pilot health and wellbeing, performance, and flight safety. This paper reports on the advancement of new tools for pilots and airlines to support the management of WRS and wellbeing. This follows from five phases of stakeholder evaluation research and analysis. Existing pre-flight checklists should be extended to enable the crew to evaluate their health and wellbeing. New checklists might be developed for use by pilots while off duty supporting an assessment of (1) their biopsychosocial health status and (2) how they are coping. This involves the advancement of phone apps with different wellness functions. Pending pilot consent, data captured in these tools might be shared in a de-identified format with the pilot’s airline. Existing airline safety management systems (SMS) and flight rostering/planning systems might be augmented to make use of this data from an operational and risk/safety management perspective. Fatigue risk management systems (and by implication airline rostering/flight planning systems) need to be extended to consider the relationship between fatigue risk and the other dimensions of a pilot’s wellbeing. Further, pending permission, pilot data might be shared with airline employee assistance program (EAP) personnel and aeromedical examiners. In addition, new training formats should be devised to support pilot coping skills. The proposed tools can support the management of WRS and wellbeing. In turn, this will support performance and safety. The pilot specific tools will enable the practice of healthy behaviors, which in turn strengthens a pilot’s resistance to stress. Healthy work relates to the creation of positive wellbeing within workplaces and workforces and has significant societal implications. Pilots face many occupational hazards that are part of their jobs. Pilots, the aviation industry, and society should recognize and support the many activities that contribute to positive wellbeing for pilots. Social justice is a basic premise for quality of employment and quality of life.

Health and Psychosocial Self-Care Needs in Off-Therapy Childhood Cancer: Hybrid Model Concept Analysis.

PurposeThe self-care concept is a complicated and multi-dimensional phenomenon. There are different opinions about self-care needs; therefore, this study was conducted to clarify the self-care needs of the off-therapy childhood cancer survivors based on the hybrid model.Patients and MethodsThere are three phases in the hybrid model including literature review, fieldwork, and final analysis. At the theoretical phase, 119 articles in databases were evaluated without time limits up to August 2019. At the fieldwork phase, 19 participants were selected with purposive sampling and interviewed through unstructured interviews. Then, the data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis approach. In the final phase, the overall analysis of the two previous phases was carried out and the ultimate definition of self-care needs was presented with the integration of the results of two previous phases.ResultsTheoretical results showed that self-care needs are those that need to be performed by off therapy childhood cancer in everyday life in order to maintain health and well-being through the practice of healthy behaviors and activities. Also, fieldwork results indicated that self-care needs are increased due to the physical, mental, and social vulnerability of the disease. Following that, the need for protective self-care behaviors to prevent against physical and psychosocial side effects arises. If the patients are unable to implement protective behaviors, the need for support from others is created. Therefore, by synthesizing the findings of literature review and fieldwork, self-care needs are two-dimensional concept: (1) need for changing in behavior to protect themselves against physical and psychosocial distress and (2) need for supporting to implement care.ConclusionTaking into account the self-care needs, healthcare providers can support childhood cancer survivors in gaining and maintaining independency in self-care. On the other hand, the results of this study by creating a basic knowledge in the field of self-care needs can be used in the development of policy and standards of care to meet the needs of this group.

Pelatihan Pendidik Sebaya tentang Generasi Berencana (GenRe) di SMP N 24 Kota Semarang

The true teenager is the hope of a nation, the country will become strong if it has teenagers who are spiritually intelligent, intellectually and have a strong emotional. As the rapid development of the world makes changes in behavior in adolescents, but these changes are more likely to lead to negative activities rather than positive activities. Problems that often arise are usually related to sexuality issues, such as unwanted pregnancy, abortion, HIV / AIDS, and drug abuse. Adolescents with these behavioral deviations need a treatment and also get information about reproductive health for young women and men, need to organize a good future by leaving unwholesome behavior that can damage the future of adolescents. Going through adolescence far from deviant behavior would certainly be our common concern. Teenagers will not be able to walk on their own without the assistance of parents, the school, home and etc. Realizing this, the Community Service Study Program of the Midwifery Study Program at the Faculty of Health, Ngudi Waluyo University, felt responsible for facilitating adolescents to learn to understand and be able to practice healthy behaviors to become adolescents who had strong hopes for the nation. Community Service is carried out in 5 stages, namely the first phase of selecting active groups of students who are willing to be agents of change for GenRe / willing to be peer educators, the second stage of counseling and training of peer educators. The third stage of mentoring is increasing peer group skills in providing information to peers. Stage four peer educators independently socialize GenRe to peers. The Fifth stage evaluates the delivery of information from peer educators to their peers, explores the usefulness of the existence of peer educators, limitations and new things that arise when becoming a peer educator.Keywords: Generation planning, peer educators