Description Of Practices Research Articles

Analysis of 516 cases of revision total elbow arthroplasty from the Dutch Arthroplasty Registry: centralization of care is the future

BackgroundThe number of revision total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) remains relatively low. As a result, there are relatively few orthopedic surgeons and a limited number of centers with substantial expertise in revising TEA. This study provides a comprehensive description of the current practice concerning revision TEA in a northern European Country based on the data of the Dutch National Implant Registry. MethodsData of all revision TEA procedures performed between 2014 and 2022 were extracted from the national registry, including cases where the primary procedure was either not recorded in the registry or was not a TEA. Descriptive statistics were used to report the current practice of revision TEA in the Netherlands. ResultsFive hundred sixteen revision TEAs were performed in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2022. Eighty-four elbows required more than one revision during that period. The primary cause for revision was aseptic loosening 51%. The procedures were performed in 35 centers, and 21/35 centers performed 5 or less revision procedures per year. No center performed 20 or more revision procedures per year. DiscussionAll types of elbow arthroplasty are associated with a considerable rate of complications, and a direct volume-outcome relationship exists in these surgical procedures. Despite the considerable complication rate, the volume of revision TEA remains low, primarily due to the infrequent occurrence of primary procedures. ConclusionThe study reported that aseptic loosening was the primary reason for revision TEA. We recommend centralizing infrequent surgical procedures such as revision TEA in selected highly specialized centers to increase surgeon and center volumes, aiming to yield more favorable outcomes.

Real-Time Adjustment Method for Metro Systems with Train Delays Based on Improved Q-Learning

This paper presents a solution to address the challenges of unexpected events in the operation of metro trains, which can lead to increased delays and safety risks. An improved Q-learning algorithm is proposed to reschedule train timetables via incorporating train detention and different section running times as actions. To enhance computational efficiency and convergence rate, a simulated annealing dynamic factor is introduced to improve action selection strategies. Additionally, importance sampling is employed to evaluate different policies effectively. A case study of Shenzhen Metro is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the method achieves convergence, fast computation speed, and real-time adjustment capabilities. Compared to traditional methods such as no adjustment, manual adjustment, and FIFO (First-In-First-Out), the proposed method significantly reduces the average total train delay by 54% and leads to more uniform train headways. The proposed method utilizes a limited number of variables for practical state descriptions, making it well suited for real-world applications. It also exhibits good scalability and transferability to other metro systems.

Assessment of clinical relevance of antigen improves diagnostic accuracy of hypersensitivity pneumonitis

BackgroundExposure assessment is integral to the diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Although the clinical relevance of exposed antigens is essential for the assessment, many of the previous guidelines or reports have only evaluated simple exposure histories or immunological tests. To overcome this problem, the Exposure Assessment Form (EAF) was developed as an assessment tool for classifying the exposure grade from G0 to G4. The EAF was modified from the description in the Japanese clinical practice guide 2022 for HP published by the Japanese Respiratory Society.MethodsOne hundred and seventy-two consecutive patients with interstitial lung disease who underwent multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) at our hospital were retrospectively examined. We assessed whether the use of the EAF improved the diagnostic performance of the international guideline of HP. We also evaluated whether the exposure grade affected the prognosis of HP.ResultsEven when a HP diagnosis was made with a confidence of 70% or higher according to the international guideline, less than half of these cases resulted in a final diagnosis of HP when the exposure grades were lower than G3. When the result of the EAF was integrated into the exposure definition of the international guideline, the specificity of the diagnostic performance improved, while sensitivity was maintained. Furthermore, HP patients with an exposure grade of G3 or higher showed a tendency to take a longer time to initiate medication.ConclusionsThis is the first study to evaluate the clinical relevance of possible antigens using the EAF. Assessing the exposure grade prevents overdiagnosis and improves the diagnostic performance of the international guideline.

A71 IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON WAIT TIMES, AND CLINICALLY RELEVANT FINDINGS AT COLONOSCOPY

Abstract Background The widespread use of a standardized and validated province-wide colonoscopy referral form (PCRF), regrouping mutually exclusive indications into suggested priority wait times categories (P1 to P5), has allowed for a more comprehensive description of routine colonoscopy practice. Aims To better understand the impact of COVID-19 on the routine practice of colonoscopy. Methods This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients referred with PCRF data available from two Quebec tertiary hospitals. Patient and procedural characteristics were recorded. The primary outcomes were the diagnostic rates of colorectal cancers (CRC) and clinically significant lesions (CSF), defined as endoscopic findings affecting subsequent patient management, excluding hemorrhoids and diverticulosis. The secondary outcome was procedural wait times. We compared endpoints contrasting colonoscopy findings pre-COVID (before March 15th, 2020) to intra-COVID (after April 15th, 2020). Results 7,476 pre-COVID and 7,181 Intra-COVID patients (mean age 59.2 ± 14.0 years, 50.9% female) were included from 2018 to 2022. There were no clinically relevant between-group differences in patient characteristics. CRC detection remained similar (0.9% pre- vs 0.8% intra-COVID, p=0.69), while CSF were diagnosed more frequently intra-COVID (41,2% vs 39.7%, p=0.02). There were higher rates of indications performed for urgent and semi-elective priorities (P2, P3) intra-COVID (2.9% vs 1.3%, pampersand:003C0.01, and 50.5% vs 47.9%, pampersand:003C0.01). Corresponding intra- vs pre-COVID differences in indications (all Pampersand:003C0.01) included a clinical suspicion of active inflammatory bowel disease (6.4% vs 5.2%), a high index of suspicion for cancer based on imaging, endoscopy or clinical exam (2.9% vs 1.3%), suspicion of occult colorectal cancer (1.4% vs 0.9%), and doing a repeat endoscopy because of a prior inadequate bowel preparation (1.3% vs 0.8%). In contradistinction, more elective colonoscopies had been performed pre-COVID (P4: 15.5% vs 8.6%, pampersand:003C0.01, and P5: 5.2% vs 3.8%, pampersand:003C0.01. COVID Colonoscopy wait times grew significantly longer intra- vs pre-COVID (176.3 ± 252.4 days vs 78.6 ± 110.2 days, pampersand:003C0.01). Conclusions We witnessed significant changes in indications and referral priorities distributions for colonoscopy pre- vs intra-COVID, amidst longer wait times. These practice modifications did not alter CRC diagnostic yields, but resulted in greater proportions of CSF detection Funding Agencies CPAC and MSSS

Description of knowledge, attitudes and practices to maintain oral hygiene as well as gingival index and plaque index in children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease whose incidence continues to increase throughout the world. Periodontal disease is a complication of diabetes. Poor periodontal health can lead to a variety of serious health problems. Therefore, this research is considered important to determine knowledge, attitudes and practices to maintain oral hygiene as well as gingival index and plaque index in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To determine the description of knowledge, attitudes and practices to maintain oral hygiene as well as gingival index and plaque index in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method: This research is a cross-sectional observational analytical study consisting of 32 respondents from children suffering from T1DM and members of IKADAR Malang. The instrument used was a questionnaire to measure knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding cleaning teeth and mouth; insulin injection compliance, diet, and physical activity. Hba1c to determine DMT-1 status. Gingival and plaque index. Results and discussions: Respondents with controlled diabetes, good knowledge, attitudes and practices all had healthy gingiva and good PI, namely 3 (15.79%). respondents with regular insulin, good diet and low physical activity all had uncontrolled diabetes, namely 2 (7.14%). Conclusion: The majority of respondents have uncontrolled diabetes, knowledge, attitudes, practices to maintain good oral hygiene, healthy gingiva, and good PI in one unit, namely 9. The majority of respondents have regular insulin injection compliance, moderate diet, low physical activity, and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus status in one unit, namely 17.

Performing food safety inspections

Food safety inspections are a health protection measure employed globally to reduce the public health threat presented by foodborne illness. Despite the prevalent application of food safety inspections in the regulation of food businesses, little guidance is available to inspectors on how an inspection should be performed to provide an effective health protection measure. However, before guidelines can be devised, a detailed description of food safety inspection practices must be established. This research identified how Environmental Health Practitioners from Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, the United States of America and Ireland perform food safety inspections. Data was collected via an online survey disseminated via environmental health professional peak bodies. A total of 267 respondents were surveyed and asked questions relating to common components, important aspects, influential factors and methods employed when undertaking food safety inspections. This study found that there is a common approach to performing food safety inspection across the countries surveyed. A detailed description of the common approach is provided. Some variations in approach were identified and their possible causes were examined. This study provides a basis for evaluation of current food safety inspection practices by presenting a vital and holistic description of food safety inspection practice, while illuminating a course of important issues for further research.

Ecological aspects and conservation practices based on local wisdom of lubuk larangan in Jambi

Lubuk larangan is a form of local wisdom in which there is a tradition that has been owned for generations and is still developed and well maintained by the surrounding community in an effort to manage river water conservation areas. This study aims to identify vegetation and local wisdom-based conservation practices carried out at five stations, namely the Laman Panjang Hamlet area (1), Buat Hamlet (2), Lubuk Beringin Hamlet (3), Senamat Ulu Hamlet (4) and Sei telang Hamlet (5). Vegetation analysis uses the quadrant method with pole and tree level vegetation types and analysis of local wisdom-based conservation practices using the descriptive quantitative method, which provides a factual description and explanation of conservation practices and community perceptions including social, environmental, cultural and economic conditions and knowledge of the existence of animals around the lubuk larangan. The results of the study showed that the highest tree-level important value index is banyan (Ficus benjamina) which is 147.86 for pole-level INP, Duku (Lansium domesticum) which is 185.25. In addition, this study states that local wisdom-based conservation practices are conducting deliberations to prepare for the formation of the committee for opening and closing lubuk larangan. The existence of rules and sanctions changes the mindset of the community trying to protect the environment properly such as maintaining and utilizing the lubuk larangan area as a breeding ground for fish. using environmentally friendly harvesting tools such as nets and nets and prohibiting the use of stun and poison. The community believes that the rules for taking fish in the lubuk larangan area will be subject to customary oaths. There are many animals found around the prohibition hole, such as berang berang for river areas near plantation areas and rice fields.

Examining teacher candidates’ self-determined motivation to develop self-regulated learning promoting practices

The development of self-regulated learning leads to positive academic, social, and emotional outcomes for learners. For many educators, teaching towards self-regulated learning is challenging. This study investigated contextual and motivational features within teacher education programs that support or hinder teacher candidates' motivation to development self-regulated learning practices. Zimmerman's model of self-regulated learning (2008), along with Perry, Hutchinson, and Thauberger’s (2008) descriptions of self-regulated learning practices and Ryan and Deci's (2017) self-determination theory informed this process. Codes and categories drawn from interviews, documents, and in-class observations and reported upon in previously published work was analyzed to identify themes that are supportive or constraining of teacher candidates' motivation to develop practices that foster self-regulated learning in the classroom. Results reveal five themes: (a) opportunities for teacher candidates to see their school mentors' formation of classroom participation structures, (b) the provision of freedom for teacher candidates to experiment with practices along with in-situ scaffold support, (c) adequate support for teacher candidates to integrate self-regulated learning content into their practice, (d) teacher candidates' perceptions of alignment across their learning experiences, and (e) adequate time and support for teacher candidates to establish relationships in their practicum settings.

The Racial Politics of the Alliance Israélite Universelle

Abstract: Despite the extensive literature on the Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU), scholars have yet to apply race as an explicit analytic in examining its work across the Ottoman Empire, North Africa, and Iran. I argue that the AIU racialized the Beta Israel as subjects in need of aid through overtly physiognomic descriptions, notions of time, and ethnographic descriptions of cultural practices that rest on underlying racial logics. Further, I argue that the AIU was driven by racial notions, anxieties, and aspirations around whiteness. These racial politics come to the fore through a case study of the ethnographic expeditions that the AIU sponsored to the Beta Israel in Ethiopia. The Alliance first sent Joseph Halévy in 1867–1868, and forty years later, dispatched a second expedition led by Rabbi Haim Nahum in 1909. While accounts of the AIU tend towards a paradigm of Orientalism, thinking with race accounts for the role that racial theory played in the development of Alliance policy, emphasizes multidirectional constructions of Blackness and whiteness, reveals analytic connections linking groups within a global racial hierarchy, and highlights continuities with debates around white gatekeeping in the Jewish community that are still unfolding today. Applying race as an explicit analytic thus not only reframes the work of the Alliance, but enables us to rethink Jewish history and historiography more globally.

Clinical Psychology and Perinatal Mental Health Programs in hospitals in the Community of Madrid: Description and recommendations of Good Practices

Specific attention to perinatal mental health is a key element in the healthcare system. In Spain and in the Community of Madrid, concern for perinatal mental health has been increasing in recent years. The objective of this work is to identify and describe the main perinatal psychological care programs and the first thousand days in the hospitals of the Madrid Health Service. Twelve Hospitals with complete or partial programs were identified. Their organizational and care characteristics are described. The ratios of perinatal clinical psychologists range from 0.04 to 0.51/10,000 deliveries and from 0.08 to 0.78/20 neonatology cribs in the region. Perinatal mental health care programs in the Madrid hospital network have been consolidated and expanded; however, there are inequities in the availability of this care. Good practice recommendations for implementing and improving these programs are provided.

Traditional and Modern Book Divination Practices in the Context of Literary Discourse

The article presents an analysis of traditional and modern book divination practices in their significance perspective as philological research objects. The author believes that the study of such practices is relevant, since it opens up the possibility of consistent perception of the mechanisms of human interaction with the book in the perspective of this relationship’s growth, which determines the essence of culture and the meaning of human science. The field of inquiry includes all stages of book divination, from selecting a folio volume to interpreting the request results. The author supposes that selecting a book for divination appears to be an indicative decision characterizing the divination process as a game and a ritual that develops by the game reality laws and is often labeled as a magical act. Such divination rituals when described enables us to speak both about the modern bibliomancy continuity, as well as the methods of attracting readers and clients to fee based resources that predict the future and sell books. Particularly noteworthy are works specially created for divination, among which is the literary phenomenon of A. P. Sumarokov “Love divination book”. The author finds it important that the book divination practice is actively mastered by writers who use the idea of predicting the future in order to create an external composition of a literary work (M. Pavic). The motivic analysis and methods of cognitive linguistics, currently applied in descriptions of relevant cognitions and speech practices, are presented in the work as hidden algorithms for interpreting the results of such practices (solving the results of book divination is compared with the process of interpreting dreams). The author focuses on the importance of the modern reader and Internet user’s image, who is a follower of traditional (in some cases archaic) practices and at the same time belongs to the gadget era.

Варианты герменевтического толкования текста «Бардо Тхедол»: аллюзии и метафоры

Tibetan Buddhism is represented by several schools or traditions, each of which includes certain religious and mystical practices and is based on the meditative experience of the guru. In addition, Tibetan Buddhist schools are based on specific teachings presented in written and oral sources. The study of written sources is carried out most often from the standpoint of hermeneutics and textual studies, since it requires interpretation, interpretation and understanding of existing texts. One such text containing a special Tibetan teaching is the Bardo Thedol, or Book of the Dead, which largely reflects the peculiarities of Buddhism and its traditions. The reference to the text of the Book of the Dead has been carried out several times, because this source is characterized by a high degree of difficulty in understanding, and its hermeneutic interpretation in the context of this article allows us to reflect in more detail the allusiveness and metaphorical description of the mystical practice of dying.

A proposed modification to the Kellgren and Lawrence classification for knee osteoarthritis using a compartment-specific approach.

Since Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) originally classified knee osteoarthritis, several authors have reported varying levels of reliability and a lack of uniformity in the use of this classification system. We propose several modifications to the KL classification including the use of a compartment-specific approach that we hypothesize will lead to a better understanding of knee OA while maintaining an adequate interobserver and intraobserver reliability. We propose the addition of the lateral and skyline-view radiographs to the standard anteroposterior (AP) and lateral projections in the evaluation. Also suggest a more precise definition of the evaluated parameters; the addition of the subchondral cancellous bone as parameter of evaluation; and the assessment of medial tibiofemoral compartment (MTFC), lateral tibiofemoral compartment (LTFC)and patellofemoral compartment (PFC) separately resulting in a compartment-specific KL staging score rather than a single overall KL score. Six evaluators (two knee surgeons, two radiologistsand two knee fellows) used the modified KL classification to classify 230 randomly selected knees on two separate occasions. Reliabilities were assessed by calculating Krippendorff's ⍺ coefficients. Two hundred and ten knees were included for final evaluation and analyses (53% left knees; 65% females; mean age 56 years old). Average interobserver reliability was moderate for all compartments (0.51 for the MTFC; 0.51 for the LTFC; and 0.56 for the PFC). Average intraobserver reliability was substantial for all compartments (0.63 for the MTFC; 0.65 for the LTFC; and 0.7 for the PFC). Experienced evaluators showed a higher intraobserver reliability than less-experienced evaluators. A modified compartment-specific KL classification enables a practical and detailed description of knee OA involvement and demonstrates acceptable interobserver and intraobserver reliability. Level of Evidence: Level III.

Farewells to the War and Military Magic in the Folklore of the Cossack Period: Relationship with the Funeral Rite

The articleis aimed at the studying the military magic of Zaporizhzhya, Register and Black Sea Cossacks, as well as the rituals associated with their farewell to a land and sea campaigns. Main research methods include descriptive, comparative and comparative-historical ones. The source base is formed with folklore texts of the 16th–18th centuries, in particular, Ukrainian folk dumas, songs, prayers and incantations, as well as ethnographic descriptions of rituals and magical practices related to war. The authoress uses both previously published materials and her own recordings made during the last decade. The theoretical basis for the article consists of the works of predecessors, Ukrainian scientists of the 19th–20th centuries Mykola Kostomarov, Mykola Sementovskyi, Vasyl Myloradovych, Dmytro Yavornytskyi, Kateryna Hrushevska, Prokop Korolenko, and others, who have published a number of primary sources and attempted to analyze them. The scientific novelty of the work concerns the fact that it is the first comprehensive folkloristic study where a comparative analysis of collective and individual magical practices of the Cossack period is carried out. They are supposed to ensure the victory of the Cossack army over the enemy and save the life of every Cossack. All available materials indicate that the ritual of the farewell to war in Cossack times belongs to the rites of passage and is most closely related typologically to the funeral ritual, namely to the symbolic funeral. It duplicates such key elements of the funeral as preparation for death (preparation of new clothes, confession and communion of the Holy Mysteries), a ritualized form of farewell to relatives and the whole community, the use of occasional folklore forms (wishes, blessings, formulas of reconciliation with neighbours), ritual bringing the Cossacks out of «their» cultural space (house, yard, village), mourning a Cossack who goes on a campaign, a joint meal. The same places of farewell also appear: a threshold, a gate, the border of a settlement. Thus, sending off to war can be considered one of the forms of a symbolic funeral.

A critical assessment of the design displacements of friction pendulum systems

The equivalent linear static procedure suggested in seismic codes for determining the maximum displacements of seismic isolation systems is evaluated comprehensively for friction pendulum isolators with respect to the benchmark nonlinear response history analysis procedure for a set of radii of curvature and coefficients of friction. A large set of selected and scaled near field ground motions recorded on stiff and soft soils are employed in comparative evaluations. It has been observed that equivalent linear static procedure significantly overestimates the maximum isolator displacements for all practical combinations of radius of curvature and friction coefficient. Overestimation is larger for ground motions on soft soils. Alternatively, a practical description of inelastic displacement spectra is introduced where the hazard is defined in terms of the 1-second spectral acceleration accounting for the seismicity and soil class of the site, and friction pendulum isolation systems are characterized by their radius of curvature and nominal friction coefficient. Employing the proposed design spectra in design and production may lead to significant reductions of the isolator sizes. Moreover, realistic estimation of maximum isolator displacements also leads to realistic estimation of isolator stiffness, as well as the internal design forces of both the isolation system and the superstructure through response spectrum analysis under design spectrum.

Культовые практики последователей Виссариона (Сергея Торопа)

The authors of the article consider the liturgical (liturgical, as well as prayerful) practices of the followers of Vissarion, the founder of the so-called "Church of the Last Testament", living in the Abode of the Dawn and near it. The research problem that the authors state at the very beginning is the lack of a systematic description of the liturgical practices of Vissarion's followers and the obvious lack of individual point studies of this direction within the framework of the existence of this religious movement. The beginning of the article is devoted to a brief analysis of historiography, after which the researchers proceed to a detailed analysis of the festive liturgies, based on video evidence from the community members themselves, and then describe individual sacred rites, rituals and liturgical elements of the Vissarion cult. Throughout the text, the authors analyze the liturgical symbols and paraphernalia. Attention is paid to the ritual inventory, ritual clothes of the priests of the movement, the architecture of temples, the liturgical calendar, etc. This article does not solve the problem of a systematic description of the liturgical practices of Vissarion's followers, which has not yet been done by domestic religious scholars, but is an attempt to start a study of this topic, in including through the introduction into scientific circulation of new sources - liturgical chants of Vissarion's followers. In particular, the work presents one of the most complete versions of the liturgical chant "Gore-gori yasno" (also known as "Sobiraytes' ludie vo edinom kruge"). The authors use publicly available sources - texts of community members on the Internet, videos and documentaries made by the followers themselves, and come to the conclusion about the dynamic development of liturgical practices and the gradual formation of a certain liturgical canon, an annual cycle of rituals, rites and liturgical norms in the life of the Vissarion communities. Throughout the text of the article, the authors supplement, comment on or refute some theses from the works of religious studies of previous years, which brings novelty to the study and testifies to the development of the object of study - the community of followers of Vissarion (Sergey Torop).

Språkanvändning och språkval i undervisningen av svenska som det andra inhemska språket: läraruppfattningar om språklig praxis i tre olika lärokurser

In this article, we focus on the language practices of teaching Swedish as second national language in Finnish-medium primary schools. We examine teacher perceptions of the linguistic repertoires of the student group as well as of language use and language choices in the classroom. The analysis is based on interviews with teachers of different Swedish syllabi. The results show that some Swedish teachers see their students and groups as monolingual, while others both see and strive to acknowledge the students’ multilingualism. In general, the Swedish teachers consider themselves aware of the students' linguistic backgrounds. The study further shows that there is variation in the use and dominance of individual languages in Swedish teaching, with focus on Swedish and Finnish, and that there are differences in how teachers perceive language use and language choice between the different actors in the classroom. These differences are related to the characteristics of the three syllabi and divergences in the local linguistic contexts. Although all teachers who participated in this study teach the subject of Swedish as second national language, their descriptions of the language practices varied in terms of language choices and multilingualism in the classroom. The pattern that emerges is that communication in the classroom according to the teachers is more Swedish-dominated in the native-level Swedish syllabus whereasthe classroom in the B1-Swedish syllabus is more Finnish-dominated. The linguistic practices in A-Swedish classrooms move between these two alternatives. The study gives insight to the de facto language policy of the classroom, which is of central importance for the possibility of enhancing a language pedagogy in accordance with today’s approach to language teaching and multilingualism.

Effective Stakeholder Engagement for Collation, Analysis and Expansion of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Data: A CAPTURA Experience.

An effective implementation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance projects requires sustainable and multidisciplinary engagement with stakeholders from various backgrounds, interests and aims. The "Capturing Data on Antimicrobial resistance Patterns and Trends in Use in Regions of Asia" (CAPTURA) project, funded by the Fleming Fund, initially targeted 12 countries in South Asia (SA) and Southeast Asia (SEA) to "expand the volume of historical and current data on AMR and antimicrobial usage" and support local agencies through capacity building activities. In this article, we focus on early stakeholder engagement activities and present overall statistics on AMR data collated from 72 laboratories across seven countries. This included 2.3 million records of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) data, which were curated, analyzed, and shared back to the facilities for informed decision making. Approximately 98% of the data collated by CAPTURA originated from laboratories based in SA countries. Furthermore, country-wide data were analyzed to identify commonly reported pathogens in each country, followed by descriptions of AST practices and multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Overall, we found meager adherence to standard guidelines to perform and record AST results, and a significant number of MDR pathogens were reported. We conclude that close collaboration with the existing national mechanisms for identifying AMR data sources was crucial for the project's success. Although we show a vast retrospective dataset on AMR is available for data sharing in Asia, there remain critical gaps in data generation/management practice and analysis capacity for AMR data at most facilities.

Critical reflections on the “vernacular museum”

The article presents a critical discussion of the essay, “Vernacular Museum: Toward the Definition of the Concept” (Vernakuliarnyi muzei: k opredeleniiu poniatiia), by I.S. Sleptsova (Kyzlasova) and E.G. Chesnokova who argue in favor of introducing a special term for the description of grassroot practices of museum building arising in today’s social contexts. Drawing on the uses of the term vernacular in various fields of humanities, the authors of the essay suggest that these grassroot practices be viewed as aimed at representing individual interests, as well as one of the ways of self-actualization. The contributors scrutinize and debate their arguments, examining the case within the broader context of museum studies.

Cauterization: An Age-Old Therapeutic Modality in Unani (Greek-O-Arab) System of Medicine

Cauterization (Amal-I-Kaiyy) is one of the traditional medical practices and has been widely used in unani system of medicine in past. It is one of the important regimes in ilaj bit tadbeer (regimental therapy) modality of unani system of medicine with wide range of applications in number of ailments including leprosy, Sar (epilepsy), numbness, Bawāsīr al-Anf (nasal polyp), vertigo etc. Although, there is detailed description of this therapeutic practice in unani system medicine it is almost completely forgotten nowadays due to pain and suffering associated with it. Traditional cauterization is nowadays replaced by modern cautery which is widely used in surgical and other medical practices. Here in this review concept and various therapeutic applications of cauterization (Amal-I-Kaiyy) in the light of unani system of medicine is described in detail. Keywords: Amal-I-Kaiyy, cauterization, Sar, Bawāsīr al-Anf