ObjectivesThe centrifugal ultrafiltration–high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) method was established to determine the free perampanel (PER) concentration in children with epilepsy. MethodsFree PER concentration was obtained using centrifugal ultrafiltration devices. The internal standard was PER-D5. The method was investigated for selectivity, carryover, lower limit of quantification, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, recovery, and stability. The Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the free and total PER concentrations. A nonparametric test was used to estimate the effects of PER along with other antiepileptic drugs on the total and free PER concentrations. ResultsThe free PER concentration was positively correlated with the total PER concentration in the 57 plasma samples (r = 0.793 > 0, P < 0.001). Additionally, the free PER concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in valproic acid (VPA) co-therapy (9.87 ± 5.83) compared with non-VPA co-therapy (5.03 ± 4.57). ConclusionsThe proposed method is efficient, sensitive, and suitable for detecting free PER concentrations in children with epilepsy. Simultaneously, the free PER concentration response to clinical outcomes in children with epilepsy was more clinically significant, particularly when combined with VPA.