Arm Muscle Power Research Articles

EFFECT OF EXERCISE BENCH PRESS AND SITTING CALF WITH CHEST PRESS AND LEG PRESS TO POWERARM MUSCLE AND POWER LIMB MUSCLES

This research aims to examine:1) How big the effectofbench press and sitting calf exercises to arm muscle power and leg muscle power; 2) How big the effect of chest press and leg press exercises to arm muscle power and leg muscle power; 3)How big the effect difference between bench press and sitting calf exercises and chest press and leg press exercises to to arm muscle power and leg muscle power. Research subject was boy student of SMA Negeri 1 Manyar as many 36 students, with age span 15-17 years which divided to three groups. Experiment group I received bench press and sitting calf while the second ones received chest press and leg press and the third experiment group performed activities according to daily routines. This type of research was applied quantitative research with quasi experimental research methods. The research design applied non-randomized control group pretest-postest design. And data analysis used were t-test and MANOVA. The data collecting process was using a medicine ball to obtain arm muscle power data and jump DF for leg muscle power during pretest and posttest. The results showed the difference between the pretest and posttest means of each group, namely: experimental group I for arm muscle power = 28.3 leg muscle power = 51.1. The second experiment group for arm muscle power = 45.9, leg muscle power = 78.2. Experiment Group III for arm muscle power = 13.3, leg muscle power = 27.1. Based on the above analysis, it can be concluded that there was an increase in all dependent variables for each experimental group after received bench press and sitting calf, chest press and leg press exercises, whereas chest press and leg press exercises were more effective at increasing arm muscle power and leg muscle strength
 Keywords: Weight training, Bench Press, Calf Sitting, Chest Pres, Leg Press, Arm Muscles Power, Leg Muscle Power.

THE EFFECT AT MUSCLE POWER ARM, HAND-EYE COORDINATION, FLEXIBILITY AND SELF CONFIDENCE UPON BADMINTON SMASH SKILL

This study aims to reveal whether there is effect muscle power arm, hand eye coordination, flexibility and confidence to smash badminton skills, either directly or indirectly. The research was conducted at the Serambi Mekkah University, with a sample consisting of 73 samples were selected from 677 students from the Serambi Mekkah University penjaskesrek program.. The analysis technique used in this research is using path analysis (path analysis), with the aim to identify the direct and indirect effect between variables. The results showed that: (1) Arm muscle power directly effect the confidence of 4.62%, (2) Hand-eye coordination has a direct effect on confidence of 59.29%. (3) Flexibility of the torso indirectly effect the confidence of 92.69%, (4) Arm muscle power indirectly effect badminton smash skills of 66.55%. (5) Eye-hand coordination directly effects badminton smash skills by 8.64%, (6) Flexibility of the torso directly effects badminton smash skills by 10.43%, (7) Confidence directly effects badminton smash skills of 14.90%.
 Keywords:Badminton smash skills, muscle power arm, hand- eye coordination, flexibility, confident

Effects of core and non-dominant arm strength training on drive distance in elite golfers

BackgroundVarious training schemes have sought to improve golf-related athletic ability. In the golf swing motion, the muscle strengths of the core and arms play important roles, where a difference typically exists in the power of arm muscles between the dominant and non-dominant sides. The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of exercises strengthening the core and non-dominant arm muscles of elite golf players (handicap < 3) on the increase in drive distance, and to present a corresponding training scheme aimed at improving golf performance ability. MethodsSixty elite golfers were randomized into the control group (CG, n = 20), core exercise group (CEG, n = 20), and group receiving a combination of muscle strengthening exercises of the non-dominant arm and the core (NCEG, n = 20). The 3 groups conducted the corresponding exercises for 8 weeks, after which the changes in drive distances and isokinetic strength were measured. ResultsSignificant differences in the overall improvement of drive distance were observed among the groups (p < 0.001). Enhancement of the drive distance of NCEG was greater than both CG (p < 0.001) and CEG (p = 0.001). Except for trunk flexion, all variables of the measurements of isokinetic strength for NCEG also showed the highest values compared to the other groups. Examination of the correlation between drive distance and isokinetic strength revealed significant correlations of all variables except trunk flexion, wrist extension, and elbow extension. ConclusionThe combination of core and non-dominant arm strength exercises can provide a more effective specialized training program than core alone training for golfers to increase their drive distances.

The Role of a Novel Discrete-Time MRAC Based Motion Cueing on Loss of Control at a Hexapod Driving Simulator

The objective of this paper is to present the advantages of Model reference adaptive control (MRAC) motion cueing algorithm against the classical motion cueing algorithm in terms of biomechanical reactions of the participants during the critical maneuvers like chicane in driving simulator real-time. This study proposes a method and an experimental validation to analyze the vestibular and neuromuscular dynamics responses of the drivers with respect to the type of the control used at the hexapod driving simulator. For each situation, the EMG (electromyography) data were registered from arm muscles of the drivers (flexor carpi radialis, brachioradialis). In addition, the roll velocity perception thresholds (RVT) and roll velocities (RV) were computed from the real-time vestibular level measurements from the drivers via a motion-tracking sensor. In order to process the data of the EMG and RVT, Pearson’s correlation and a two-way ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05 were assigned. Moreover, the relationships of arm muscle power and roll velocity with vehicle CG (center of gravity) lateral displacement were analyzed in order to assess the agility/alertness level of the drivers as well as the vehicle loss of control characteristics with a confidence interval of 95%. The results showed that the MRAC algorithm avoided the loss of adhesion, loss of control (LOA, LOC) more reasonably compared to the classical motion cueing algorithm. According to our findings, the LOA avoidance decreased the neuromuscular-visual cues level conflict with MRAC algorithm. It also revealed that the neuromuscular-vehicle dynamics conflict has influence on visuo-vestibular conflict; however, the visuo-vestibular cue conflict does not influence the neuromuscular-vehicle dynamics interactions.

Is preoperative brain midline shift a determinant factor for neurological improvement after cranioplasty?

In patients with traumatic brain injury, the degree of brain midline shift is related to prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the presence of a preoperative brain midline shift on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and muscle power (MP) improvement after cranioplasty. In this 6-year retrospective cohort study, we compared cranioplasty patients from Taiwan with and without a preoperative brain midline shift. We assigned the patients to the following two groups: the midline shift group and the nonmidline shift group. The GCS score and MP contralateral to the lesion site were recorded and analyzed both prior to and 1 year after the operation. We enrolled 56 cranioplasty patients (35 patients with a midline shift and 21 without a midline shift) and analyzed their complete clinical characteristics. There were significant improvements in the GCS (p=0.0078), arm MP (p=0.0056), and leg MP (p=0.0006) scores after cranioplasty. There was also a significant improvement in the GCS score in the brain midline shift group (0.4±0.149 in the brain midline shift group vs. 0.05±0.48 in the nonmidline shift group, p=0.03). For patients who underwent craniectomy, an improvement in neurological function 1 year after cranioplasty was observed. The patients with brain midline shift showed more improvement in consciousness after cranioplasty than those without a brain midline shift. The presence of a preoperative brain midline shift may be an isolated determinant for the prediction of the outcome after cranioplasty.

Instrument Development for Talent Scouting Fencing Athlete Achievement Towards 2022.

Nuruddin Priya Budi Santoso 2012. Instrument Development for talent scouting Fencing Athlete Achievement Towards 2022. This study aimed (1) to determine the indicators that can be used in the development of sports talent scouting instrument towards the achievement of fencing athlete 2022, (2) to determine the validity and reliability of the instrument talent scouting the sport of fencing to the achievements of 2022, (3) to determine the effectiveness of the instrument fencing sport talent scouting achievements towards 2022. This study is a research approach to research and development, the steps are as follows: (1) review the criteria of good tests, (2) analyzesport to be tested, (3) preview literature, (4) select test items, (5) Establish procedures, (6) peer review, (7) pilot study, (8) determine validity reliability Objectivity, (9) develop norms, (10) construct a test manual. From the results of theoretical analysis, the instrument can be chosen sport fencing talent scouting, includes: (1) test coordination / throwing a tennis ball catch, (2) arm muscle power tests / throw a basketball, (3) test the leg muscle power / jump upright, (4) test the agility / running back and forth, (5) test the speed / run 40 m, (6) tests the reaction time, (7) kinestetict perception tests, (8) flexibility tests, (9) test accuracy, (10) multi-stage test.

Non-elite gymnastics participation is associated with greater bone strength, muscle size, and function in pre- and early pubertal girls

Recent reports indicate an increase in forearm fractures in children. Bone geometric properties are an important determinant of bone strength and therefore fracture risk. Participation in non-elite gymnastics appears to contribute to improving young girls' musculoskeletal health, more specifically in the upper body. The primary aim of this study was to determine the association between non-elite gymnastics participation and upper limb bone mass, geometry, and strength in addition to muscle size and function in young girls. Eighty-eight pre- and early pubertal girls (30 high-training gymnasts [HGYM, 6-16 hr/ wk], 29 low-training gymnasts [LGYM, 1-5 h r/wk] and 29 non-gymnasts [NONGYM]), aged 6-11 years were recruited. Upper limb lean mass, BMD and BMC were derived from a whole body DXA scan. Forearm volumetric BMD, bone geometry, estimated strength, and muscle CSA were determined using peripheral QCT. Upper body muscle function was investigated with muscle strength, explosive power, and muscle endurance tasks. HGYM showed greater forearm bone strength compared with NGYM, as well as greater arm lean mass, BMC, and muscle function (+5% to +103%, p < 0.05). LGYM displayed greater arm lean mass, BMC, muscle power, and endurance than NGYM (+4% to +46%, p < 0.05); however, the difference in bone strength did not reach significance. Estimated fracture risk at the distal radius, which accounted for body weight, was lower in both groups of gymnasts. Compared with NONGYM, HGYM tended to show larger skeletal differences than LGYM; yet, the two groups of gymnasts only differed for arm lean mass and muscle CSA. Non-elite gymnastics participation was associated with musculoskeletal benefits in upper limb bone geometry, strength and muscle function. Differences between the two gymnastic groups emerged for arm lean mass and muscle CSA, but not for bone strength.

Anaerobic muscle performance of children after long-term recovery from Guillain-Barré syndrome.

The aim of this study was to evaluate anaerobic muscle performance in children after long-term recovery from Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Participants were recruited from all children and adolescents with GBS admitted to The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada, between 1988 and 1995. We assessed 17 children (nine males, eight females; mean age at GBS diagnosis 7 years 11 months, SD 4 years 2 months; mean age at testing 14 years 1 month) more than two years after acute GBS. Participants completed the Wingate anaerobic test to evaluate mean and peak muscle power. For mean arm muscle power (mean 47.5% [SD 17.4%] of normal), only two participants were in the normal range. For mean leg muscle power (mean 83% [SD 28.3%] of normal), 15 participants were in the normal range. For arm peak power (mean 92.6% [SD 20.7%] of normal), 12 participants were in the normal range. For leg peak power (mean 116.3% of normal, SD 15.8%), all participants were in the normal range. Detailed manual muscle testing with the modified Medical Research Council scale was done on 34 muscle groups. Data were pooled to give a mean arm and leg muscle strength score (9.7, SD 0.30 and 9.4, SD 0.50 respectively). Pearson's correlations of muscle endurance with arm and leg strength were not significant. Children with GBS have excellent long-term recovery of peak muscle power. Muscle endurance, measured by mean muscle power, was normal in the legs but markedly low in the arms. Pediatric rehabilitation programs after GBS should specifically target endurance of arm muscles.

Electromechanical arm slings.

Many disabled persons who have hands that are capable of functioning well are prevented from using them due to the loss of shoulder, arm, and forearm muscle power as a result of poliomyelitis or other causes. Electrically controlled slings can aid such severely disabled persons to adapt to their home and work environments. These electromechanical slings allow the person's arms to be placed in a wide variety of functional positions, from a 90-degree elbow flexion at a table level for the beginning phase of eating or working to a 90-degree shoulder flexion for such activities as reaching for food on the upper shelf of a cupboard or tools on a high ledge (fig. 1). The slings can be lowered to a level where the person can independently crawl or be placed into the elbow and forearm slings; then, by the use of a switch, the arms are brought to the