Powder Supplementation Research Articles

Effects of rosemary enriched diet on physiological parameters in common carp Cyprinus carpio L reared in cages culture

The current study investigated at how rosemary leaf powder supplementation influenced the growth performance, carcass composition, hematological and biochemical parameters, stress hormones, and heat shock proteins of cage-reared common carp. Nine cylindrical cages of 0.2 m³ (radius = 25 cm, height = 100 cm) were randomly allocated to hold 54 juvenile common carp C. carpio (mean weight=18.18±0.08 g). Three groups of fish were fed a control diet (C) as well as diets containing 1.5% and 3% rosemary powder, respectively. The addition of 3% rosemary resulted in a substantial enhancement in growth parameters and feed consumption. The levels of WBC, Hb, MCHC, RBC, and Hct were significantly elevated by the addition of rosemary to experimental fish. A rosemary-supplemented diet resulted in higher levels of TG, urea, total protein, albumin, lipase, amylase, ferrum, and globulin. However, the addition of substantially reduced the levels of ALT cholesterol, creatinine, and glucose. The value of cortisol, T3, and T4 were considerably reduced with the addition of rosemary to diets of experimental fish. HSP70 and HSP90 levels in fish feed diets administered rosemary increased significantly as supplementation amount increased. According to the findings of this investigation, adding rosemary leaf powder, particularly at a concentration of 3%, in the diet improved growth parameters, hematological and biochemical parameters, and be able to reduce stress responses, thyroid hormone levels, and other stressors that fish exposed in cage culture system.

Phytochemistry and antifatigue activities of Carica papaya leaf from geothermal, coastal and urban areas, Indonesia.

Fatigue, a condition of lack of energy and motivation resulting in the feeling of extreme tiredness or exhaustion, is usually prevented and treated with ergogenic aids, such as in the form of nutritional supplements. Papaya (Carica papaya) may be a potential candidate for ergogenic aids, considering its healthy secondary metabolite properties and number of metabolite compounds that could be affected by the location where the plant growing. The aim of this study was to identify the phytochemicals of papaya leaves from three different locations: geothermal, coastal, and urban areas in Aceh province, Indonesia. Concentrations of papaya leaf with the highest number of secondary metabolite compounds were tested in rats to measure blood lactate acid concentrations after strenuous exercise. The number of chemical compounds identified from the three locations was 24 compounds; 23 compounds and 17 compounds, respectively. The highest concentration of chemical compounds that have antifatigue activity contained in all papaya leaf samples were neophytadiene, linolenic acid, gamma tocopherol, hexadecanoic acid, vitamin E, carpaine, octadecatrienoic acid, nor lean-12-ene, squalene, and phytol. Furthermore, most of the compounds' highest concentrations were found in papaya leaves from the coastal area and, therefore, tested on the animal model. Treatment was provided in 12 male rats with different doses of papaya powder supplements for 15 days. The results showed that lactic acid levels of rats received a dose of 400 mg/kg of papaya leaf extract reduced the lactic acid concentration (p=0.014) compared with the control group. This study highlights that papaya leaves from the coastal area have the most potential activities as ergogenic herbal aid and were able to reduce lactic acid levels in rats after strenuous exercise.

Combination effects of phytonutrient pellet and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) powder on rumen fermentation efficiency and nutrient degradability using in vitro technique.

Phytonutrients (PTN) namely saponins (SP) and condensed tannins (CT) have been demonstrated to assess the effect of rumen fermentation and methane mitigation. Phytonutrient pellet containing mangosteen, rambutan, and banana flower (MARABAC) and lemongrass including PTN, hence these plant-phytonutrients supplementation could be an alternative plant with a positive effect on rumen fermentation. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of MARABAC and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) powder on in vitro fermentation modulation and the ability to mitigate methane production. The treatments were arranged according to a 3 × 3 Factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. The two experimental factors consisted of MARABAC pellet levels (0%, 1%, and 2% of the total substrate) and lemongrass supplementation levels (0%, 1%, and 2% of the total substrate). The results of this study revealed that supplementation with MARABAC pellet and lemongrass powder significantly improved gas production kinetics (P < 0.01) and rumen fermentation end-products especially the propionate production (P < 0.01). While rumen methane production was subsequently reduced by both factors. Additionally, the in vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD) and organic matter degradability (IVOMD) were greatly improved (P < 0.05) by the respective treatments. MARABAC pellet and lemongrass powder combination showed effective methane mitigation by enhancing rumen fermentation end-products especially the propionate concentration and both the IVDMD and IVOMD, while mitigated methane production. The combined level of both sources at 2% MARABAC pellet and 2% lemongrass powder of total substrates offered the best results. Therefore, MARABAC pellet and lemongrass powder supplementation could be used as an alternative source of phytonutrient in dietary ruminant.

Evaluation of coriander seed powder supplementation on body composition, growth performance, hematology, and serum biochemical indices in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings.

This study aimed to investigate the role of coriander seed powder (Coriandrum sativum) on growth indices, feed utilization, body composition, and haemato-biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings over 84 days. One hundred and forty-four common carp (25.24±0.05 g) were assigned into four groups fed with different diets, namely 0 (basal diet), 1%, 2%, and 4% of coriander seed powder (CSP). In the current study, C. carpio fed with dietary CSP revealed significant improvement in weight gain, final weight, specific growth rate, total feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, feed conversion ratio, protein intake, and protein efficiency ratio, in comparison to control fish fed after 84 days (P>0.05). It was also found that fish fed with 1%CSP-supplemented dietary had the best growth performance and feed utilization. The crude protein of fish fed with CSP dietary treatments increased, and significant differences were only found in the fish fed with 1%CSP diet, in comparison to the control group. The CSP supplementation groups showed significant increases in hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin, total protein, and globulin compared to the control group. Nevertheless, differential white blood cells, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, cholesterols, and triglycerides were significantly reduced in the CSP dietary group in comparison to the control group. It was also found that CSP dietary treatment significantly increased lipase and amylase in comparison to the control group (P>0.05). However, the highest lipase and amylase levels were obtained at 1%CSP and 2%CSP dietary treatment groups, compared to the control basal diet. Based on the results, CSP supplementation could improve the overall health status and growth performance of common carp fingerlings.

Jaboticaba peel improves postprandial glucose and inflammation: A randomized controlled trial in adults with metabolic syndrome

The modulation of glucose metabolism through dietary sources has been recognized as 1 of the most sustainable approaches for preventing of cardiometabolic diseases. Although fibers and phenolic compounds derived from jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba) peel have demonstrated improvements in metabolic pathways in preclinical models, their beneficial effects in clinical trials remain to be fully determined. This study aimed to assess the impact of jaboticaba peel (JP) powder supplementation on glucose metabolism compared with a placebo in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A single-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 49 individuals with MetS was conducted. Participants were assigned to receive either a JP supplement (15 g/day) or a matched placebo. Anthropometry measurements, body composition, blood pressure, metabolic and inflammatory parameters, and a mixed-meal tolerance test were assessed at weeks 0 and 5. Daily intake of JP improved the area under the curve of glucose (P = .025) and the interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P = .045). No significant time × treatment effects were observed for blood pressure, body weight, body composition, lipid metabolism, glucagon-like peptide-1, inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β), C-reactive protein, and insulin sensitivity and resistance indexes. JP supplementation may be a promising approach for managing MetS disorders, potentially by reducing the area under the curve for glucose and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. This research is registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-8wwq9t).

Effect of Moringa Oleifera leaves powder on hemoglobin level in second-trimester pregnant women of Karachi, Pakistan.

Background: Anemia, particularly iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy, has substantial implications for maternal health and fetal growth. Moringa leaves are known to be rich in iron and may offer a dietary solution to combat anemia in pregnant women. However, evidence on the association between fresh Moringa leaf consumption and maternal hemoglobin levels during pregnancy is lacking. Hence, this study aims to assess the impact of Moringa Oleifera leaf powder supplementation on hemoglobin levels during the second trimester of pregnancy in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Koohi Goth Women's Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from November 2021 to May 2023. The study involved 200 pregnant women who consumed fresh Moringa leaves and 200 non-consumers. Data were collected through an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire, and hemoglobin levels were measured using HemoCue Hb 301. Results: The demographic characteristics of the study participants were analyzed, revealing that most participants in both groups were between 20 and 30 years old. Additionally, most participants in both groups were pregnant for the first time. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels were measured across trimesters, with the Moringa leaf extract group showing levels of 9.43 ± 0.62 g/dL in the first trimester, 8.98 ± 1.12 g/dL in the second trimester, and 9.09 ± 1.04 g/dL in the third trimester. The folic iron group exhibited a higher increase in hemoglobin concentration (10.14 ± 0.91 g/dL) compared to the Moringa leaf extract group (8.98 ± 1.12 g/dL), but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In conclusion, iron-rich foods such as Moringa leaves and iron tablets are recommended to enhance hemoglobin levels in pregnant women.

Intake Modalities of Amino Acid Supplements: A Real-World Data Collection from Phenylketonuria Patients.

To achieve a normal nutritional status, patients suffering from phenylketonuria (PKU) are typically prescribed amino acid (AA) supplements with low or no phenylalanine (Phe) content. Studies evaluating patient preferences regarding the intake modalities of AA supplements are limited. This study aimed to collect real-world data regarding prescription adherence and intake modalities of AA supplements reported by PKU patients while monitoring metabolic control. This cross-sectional study included 33 PKU patients (16 female and 17 male) with a mean age of 27.2 years. Questionnaires were provided to assess information on AA supplement intake, such as prescription adherence rate, frequency and timing of administration, supplement formulation, and combination with food or drinks. Plasma phenylalanine levels were monitored during the study period. 51.5% (n = 17) of patients reported to lay within an adherence range of 75-100%. The majority of patients consumed AA supplements twice daily, with breakfast (87.9%) and afternoon snacks (51.5%). Powder supplements were most commonly used (72.7%) and often combined with milk and/or fruit juices (45.4%). Despite the known concerns related to treatment compliance among PKU adolescents and adults, most of the study participants reported a high level of adherence to AA supplement prescription. The personalized dietary regimens followed by the patients included in the current study represent a treatment approach that might be worth trying in non-compliant patients.

The incorporation of sumac seed powder (Rhus coriaria L.) into the diet of quail breeders as a novel feed additive

A total of 150 adult quails, aged 8 wk, were divided into 5 groups to study the effect of sumac seed powder on reproductive and productive parameters, egg quality, digestive enzymes, and quail breeders' blood profiles. Dietary supplements containing sumac powder were formulated as follows: group 1 (G1) (control, only basal diet); group 2 (G2) (basal diet + 1 g sumac powder/kg diet); group 3 (G3) (basal diet + 2 g sumac powder/kg diet); group 4 (G4) (basal diet + 3 g sumac powder/kg diet); and group 5 (G5) (basal diet + 4 g sumac powder/kg diet). The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher at all levels of sumac powder (P < 0.05) compared to the control group (G1). Overall, during the study (8-16 wk), quail-fed 3 g sumac powder/kg diet (G4) showed no significant increase (P > 0.05) in the feed intake compared to the control group. Sumac powder supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) increased egg number, egg weight, egg mass, fertility, and hatchability. While supplementing with sumac powder did not impact other egg quality parameters, it did significantly (P < 0.05) increase yolk percentage, Haugh unit, and unit surface shell weight. Furthermore, when compared to the control group (G1), birds given 2, 3, or 4 g of sumac powder/kg diet showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in hematological parameters such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and hemoglobin, as well as a decrease in glucose levels. Feeding quail with a 3 g sumac powder/kg diet (G4) resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher globulin levels and improved albumin/globulin ratio compared to other treatments and control (G1). Sumac powder intake significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plasma lipid profile, liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase), and kidney functions (creatinine, and urea). Furthermore, the supplementation of sumac powder resulted in a substantial increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of amylase, lipase, and protease. Sumac powder administration also significantly (P < 0.05) improves immunity by boosting IgM, IgG, IgA, and lysozyme levels in quail breeders' plasma. Supplementing with sumac powder, on the other hand, increased levels of reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The results of the current study indicated that the addition of 1, 2, 3, and 4 g of sumac powder to the diet of Japanese quail breeders led to improvements in egg quality, digestive enzymes, reproductive and productive performances, and most blood hematological and biochemical parameters.

Effect of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Powder Supplementation on Silage Fermentation Characteristics, Silage Quality, and In Vitro Digestibility in Corn Silage

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the addition of rosemary to corn silage affected the quality, fermentation, and in vitro digestion of organic matter. In the study, unaltered silage group constituted the control group, while silages prepared by adding 0.5, 1 and 2% rosemary constituted the experimental groups. After 60 days of ensiling, the pH of the opened silages was determined to be in the range of 3.67-3.72. As the amount of rosemary in the silages increased, the levels of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N/TN) decreased. Compared to the control group, increases in in-vitro organic matter digestion (IVOMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) values were observed in the experimental groups due to the addition of rosemary. In comparison to the control group, the methane gas (CH4) rate of silages was reduced in the other groups. Meanwhile, the group receiving 2% addition of rosemary had the highest values of acetic acid (AA) and lactic acid (LA) among the supplemented silage groups. But, propionic acid (PA) and butyric acid (BA) were not detected in any of the silage groups. Consequently, it was determined that 1% and 2% of rosemary added to corn silage can enhance the quality of the silage.

Juglans kernel powder and jacobinia leaf powder supplementation influenced growth, meat, brain, immune system and dna biomarker of broiler chickens fed aflatoxin-b1 contaminated diets

This study investigates the impact of Juglans kernel powder (JKP) and Jacobinia leaf powder (JLP) supplementation on Aflatoxin-B1 (AF) exposed broiler chickens. 200 Cobb-500 broiler chicks were grouped to four treatment: CONT: No supplement; AFNS: 0.5 mg/kg AF; AFJK: 0.5 mg/kg AF+ 350 mg/kg JKP; AFJL: 0.5 mg/kg AF+350 mg/kg JLP. On day 42, the broiler chicken’s relative growth rate, and dressed percentage were lowest in AFNS compared to the rest treatments. Meat cholesterol was lower in AFNS, AFJK, and AFJL, compared to CONT. Meat catalase in AFNS was lower than those in CONT, AFJK, and AFJL. Meat glutathione peroxidase levels of birds in AFNS are similar to AFJL but were lower than those in CONT, and AFJK. Lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation activities of broiler chickens in AFNS were higher than those in the rest of the treatments. Brain catalase, acetylcholinesterase, and glutathione peroxidase activities of birds in AFNS were lower than CONT, AFJK, and AFJL. Expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in AFNS were higher compared to other treatments. The immunoglobulins A, E and G of broiler chickens in AFNS were lower than CONT, AFJK, and AFJL. 350 mg/kg JKP or JLP ameliorate the effects of AF contamination on broiler chickens.

Dietary supplementation of Capsicum powder affects the growth, immunoglobulins, pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, meat, and liver histology of aflatoxin B1 exposed broiler chickens

The effects of dietary supplementation with Capsicum annuum fruit pericarp powder (CPP) and Capsicum annuum fruit seed powder (CSP) on the health and performance of broiler chickens exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was investigated. Four dietary groups were established: CON (control), AFT (0.5 mg/kg AFB1), CPAF (0.5 g/kg CPP and 0.5 mg/kg AFB1), and CSAF (0.5 g/kg CSP and 0.5 mg/kg AFB1). The AFT group shows a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the relative growth rate compared to CON, CPAF, and CSAF. In contrast, the latter two groups exhibit growth rates similar (P > 0.05) to CON. Additionally, immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM, and IgA) in the AFT group are significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared to the other treatment groups. Serum interleukin-6 levels in the CPAF and CSAF groups were similar (P > 0.05) to CON but higher (P < 0.05) than in AFT. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were elevated (P < 0.05) in AFT compared to the other treatment groups. Interferon-gamma concentrations in AFT were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than in the other treatment groups. The liver histology reveals that the AFT treatment group has periportal hepatic inflammation. In contrast, the CPAF and CSAF treatment groups exhibit normal hepatic microanatomy. In conclusion, 0.5 g/kg CPAF dietary supplementation may help to ameliorate the adverse effects of AFB1 exposure on broiler chicken health, specifically the growth, immune parameters and liver histology.

The efficacy of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) powder supplementation in biochemical and anthropometric measurements in overweight or obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to assess the effect of sumac supplement in biochemical and anthropometric measurements in overweight or obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, 45 NAFLD patients were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received sumac capsules (3 g/day) with a balanced diet for 8 weeks, while the placebo group received placebo with a balanced diet. Anthropometric indices, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. The results revealed a significant decrease in anthropometric indices (weight (p=0.001), body mass index (p=0.001), waist circumference (p=0.001), body fat mass (p=0.001), body fat percentage (p=0.001), visceral fat score (p=0.001), biochemical levels of total cholesterol (p=0.007), fasting blood sugar (p=0.006), insulin (p=0.004) and HOMA-IR (p=0.002)) after the intervention compared to the baseline. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning anthropometric and biochemical indices. In this study, no significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding anthropometric and biochemical indices. Thus, further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to be conducted on the issue.

Assessment of Beetroot powder as nutritional, antioxidant, and sensory evaluation in candies

The present study investigated dehydrated beetroot powder's nutritional, antioxidant, and physicochemical potential in developing nutritionally enriched supplemented hard candies. The data on the nutritional composition of beetroot powder (Devadiga & Ahipa) elucidated significantly (Lim) higher magnitudes of proteins (13 %), ash (10 %), dietary fiber (20 %), K (27 mg.100 g−1) and Na (6.6 mg.100 g−1). Likewise, the nutritional profile of the supplemented hard candies exhibited significant (p < 0.05) improvement in proteins from 0.3 to 1.3 g/100 g (441 %↑), ash 0.3–1.3 g.100 g−1 (357 %↑), fiber 0.4–2.1 g.100 g−1 (381 %↑), K 0.6–2.8 mg.100 g^-1 (405 %↑), Na 0.2–0.7 mg.100 g^-1 (331 %↑), Mg 0.05–0.26 mg.100 g−1 (420 %↑) and Ca 0.06–0.24 mg.100 g−1 (300 %↑) on increasing the beetroot powder (BRP) supplementation from 2 to 10 %. The physicochemical properties of candies explained appreciable increments in vitamin C and betalain contents from 0.2 to 0.8 and 48–245 mg.100 g−1, respectively. Results for the antioxidant activities exhibited a similar increase in total phenolics (i.e., 10.2–41.3 mg GAE.100 g−1), total flavonoids (5.7–27.5 mg QE.100 g−1), 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picryl-Hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities (11.4–28.4 %) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) contents (24.2–127.2 μmol.100 g−1). The highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) was shown against E. coli (i.e., 13.4–23 mm), L. monocytogenes (11.03–19.2 mm), and S. aureus (12.1–20.3 mm) at a maximum concentration of BRP extracts, i.e., 10 mg mL−1. The highest sensorial acceptability of the finished product was at a 6 % supplementation level, which could be validated as a viable approach to use BRP as an ingredient of choice in improving the micronutrient inadequacies among the vulnerable population groups and direct intake of dietary fibers and antioxidant-rich BRP supplemented candies are considered to be viable in preventing the associated health challenges like cancer and dysentery.

Effect of Dietary Supplement of Eucalyptus grandis Leaf Powder on Growth Performance and Haematological Parameters of Labeo rohita

This study evaluated the impact of dietary Eucalyptus grandis leaf powder supplementation on growth performance and haematological parameters of Labeo rohita (rohu) fingerlings. One hundred and forty-four uniform rohu were randomly distributed into four experimental groups in triplicates. Iso-nitrogenous (30% crude protein) diets were prepared with graded levels of E. grandis leaf powder with 0% (C), 5% (T1), 10% (T2) and 15% (T3) and fed for 45 days. Water quality was monitored fortnightly. Growth performance and haematological indices were assessed. Results showed diets with 10% leaf powder significantly enhanced weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and specific growth rate compared to the control (p&lt;0.05). The 10% group also exhibited elevated red blood cell counts, haemoglobin levels and white blood cell counts indicative of improved immune function. This research demonstrates that short-term dietary supplementation with 10% E. grandis leaf powder promotes growth performance and haematological health of rohu fingerlings. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the bioactive compounds responsible and evaluate long-term effects on production.

Effects of banana flower powder (Musa sp.) supplementation on growth performance, whole body composition, antioxidant and immune responses, gene expression and liver histology in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

This study evaluated the appropriate banana flower powder (BFP) supplementation level on the growth, feed utilization, immune response and liver histology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experimental diets included four levels of banana flower powder at 0 (BFP0) as the control, 10 (BFP10), 20 (BFP20), and 40 (BFP40) g/kg diet. The experiment was conducted with initial weight of 3.87±0.02 g per fish fed for 10 weeks. Results showed significantly higher growth in fish fed BFP20 compared to those fed the BFP0 diet (P < 0.05), with significant improvement in specific growth rate and protein productive value (P < 0.05). Whole body composition of fish fed BFP20 had higher protein (P < 0.05), while significant increases in white blood cells (WBCs) and neutrophils, without affecting blood biochemistry and enzyme-related liver function, were observed in the group fed BF20. The expressions of immune-related genes including IL-10, TNF-α (P < 0.05), and HSP70 (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in fish fed BFP20 compared to those fed the BFP0 diet (P < 0.05). Significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and non-specific immune responses were observed in the group fed BFP20 (P < 0.05), with banana flower powder supplementation slightly affecting the liver tissue. Results showed that supplementation with banana flower powder at 20 g/kg increased growth performance, feed utilization, fish immunity, and antioxidant properties in Nile tilapia.

Effect of Curcuma longa Rhizome Powder on Metabolic Parameters and Oxidative Stress Markers in High-Fructose and High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

Metabolic disorders have become a major and growing global health problem, so finding potentially novel solutions with fewer harm is favourable to solving this problem. Thus, this research aimed to determine the effect of a diet supplemented with Curcuma longa rhizome powder on markers of oxidative stress as well as biochemical and haematological parameters of rats with diet-induced metabolic disorders. The powder was obtained from fresh Curcuma longa rhizome for preparation of extracts, which were used for in vitro analysis. After induction of metabolic disorders in male Wistar rats, they were separated into five groups: base, control, and high-fructose and high-fat diet supplemented with Curcuma longa rhizome powder at 2.5%, 5%, and 10%, respectively. The phytochemical analysis of the Curcuma longa rhizome powder extracts revealed the presence of phenols (96.97 ± 0.79 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (133.19 ± 1.64 mg CE/g) and also showed good activities in DPPH free radical scavenging (79.46 ± 2.12%) and good inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme (94.12 ± 2.84%). The food supplementation with Curcuma longa rhizome powder lowered Lee index (326.88 ± 3.08 to 262.45 ± 4.71), glycaemia (189.25 ± 5.98 to 120.5 ± 4.91 mg/dl), peritoneal fat deposition (2.18 ± 0.02 to 1.35 ± 0.14 g/100 g of body weight), triglycerides (58.35 ± 5.37 to 109.94 ± 1.42 mg/dl), total cholesterol (208.53 ± 1.53 to 114.18 ± 2.20 mg/dl), LDL-cholesterol (128.73 ± 3.64 to 17.55 ± 1.59 mg/dl), malondialdehyde (67.54 ± 2.48 to 39.75 ± 1.02 nmol/ml), and nitric oxide (27.83 ± 1.44 to 19.36 ± 1.28 nmol/ml) and increased HDL-cholesterol (48.12 ± 1.82 to 74.21 ± 1.04 mg/dl) and catalase activity (4.12 ± 0.56 to 11.58 ± 0.83 U/min/ml) with the best result at 5% supplementation. According to these results, the Curcuma longa rhizome powder supplement is a promising alternative for the treatment of metabolic disorders and oxidative stress.

Effect of supplementation of Arjuna bark powder (Terminalia arjuna) as herbal feed additive on dry matter metabolizability, retention of nitrogen and comparative economics of broiler chicks in arid region of Rajasthan

Effect of supplementation of Arjuna bark powder (Terminalia arjuna) as herbal feed additive on dry matter metabolizability, retention of nitrogen and comparative economics of broiler chicks in arid region of Rajasthan

Effect of dietary supplementation of Arjun bark powder on production and egg quality parameters in Uttara layers

Effect of dietary supplementation of Arjun bark powder on production and egg quality parameters in Uttara layers

Effect of supplementation of Arjuna bark powder (Terminalia arjuna) as herbal feed additive on carcass characteristics of broiler chicks in arid region of Rajasthan

Effect of supplementation of Arjuna bark powder (Terminalia arjuna) as herbal feed additive on carcass characteristics of broiler chicks in arid region of Rajasthan

Ameliorative effect of dietary supplementation of kinnow peel powder on the health status of Cyprinus carpio (L.) fingerlings

An outdoor feeding trial (120 days) was carried out in FRP pools (1.5 × 1.0 × 0.75 m) to evaluate the efficacy of dietary incorporation of kinnow peel powder (KPP) on the health status of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings. Healthy fingerlings (av. length 9.19 cm, and av. weight 10.51 g) were stocked in five feeding treatments @ 15 nos./tank following a complete randomized design with three replicates for each treatment and daily fed with five iso-proteinous experimental feeds containing KPP at 0 (KPP0), 0.5 (KPP1), 1.0 (KPP2), 1.50 (KPP3) and 2.0% (KPP4) inclusion levels @ 2% of fish body weight. The results demonstrated that the water quality parameters remained within the optimum/permissible limit for freshwater carps in all the treatments. Further, KPP supplementation improved the haematological indices (total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, haemoglobin and haematocrit) and immunological parameters (serum total protein, Albumin (A), globulin (G) and A: G ratio) of fish at all the inclusion levels in respect to control, while the best (P0.05) findings observed at 1.5% KPP inclusion level. Additionally, in comparison with the control group, KPP supplementation decreased the glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lipid peroxidation level, being lowest (P0.05) in KPP3, while increased the superoxide dismutase activity and recorded highest (P0.05) in KPP3 group. The results revealed that KPP can be potentially utilized as health promoting natural feed additive at a 1.5 % inclusion level to improve the overall health condition of C. carpio fingerlings.