Potential In Various Fields Research Articles

Functional MXenes: Progress and Perspectives on Synthetic Strategies and Structure-Property Interplay for Next-Generation Technologies.

MXenes are a class of 2D materials that include layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. Since their inception in 2011, they have garnered significant attention due to their diverse compositions, unique structures, and extraordinary properties, such as high specific surface areas and excellent electrical conductivity. This versatility has opened up immense potential in various fields, catalyzing a surge in MXene research and leading to note worthy advancements. This review offers an in-depth overview of the evolution of MXenes over the past 5 years, with an emphasis on synthetic strategies, structure-property relationships, and technological prospects. A classification scheme for MXene structures based on entropy is presented and an updated summary of the elemental constituents of the MXene family is provided, as documented in recent literature. Delving into the microscopic structure and synthesis routes, the intricate structure-property relationships are explored at the nano/micro level that dictate the macroscopic applications of MXenes. Through an extensive review of the latest representative works, the utilization of MXenes in energy, environmental, electronic, and biomedical fields is showcased, offering a glimpse into the current technological bottlenecks, such asstability, scalability, and device integration. Moreover, potential pathways for advancing MXenes toward next-generation technologies are highlighted.

OPEN INNOVATION MAPPING BASED ON PUBLISHER RESEARCH THROUGH BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT Research on open innovation (OI) has increased in recent years, demonstrating its potential in various fields of knowledge. Its linkages with SMEs have attracted the attention of academics. This analysis was conducted from 2018 to 2022. This article aims to evaluate the intellectual structure of open innovation scientific studies, and their relation to various scientific fields, through bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database, publish or perish, the lens, and the VOSviewer software application. The methodology consists of a selective systematic and transparent process divided into four phases: (i) establishing search criteria for research fields, through literature review, (ii) database selection, (iii) application of inclusion and exclusion criteria to the selected documents and explanation of their uses software; and (iv) analysis of results through a scientific output performance approach and bibliometric mapping. The results show an increasing trend of open innovation publications quite a lot, especially in the United Kingdom and the United States, but only a few studies discussing open innovation in SMEs for researchers in Indonesia totaling 121 articles discussing marketing, economics, management and social sciences. So there are many opportunities for researchers in Indonesia. This study contributes to the field by providing an overview of open innovation in the context of MSMEs. Keywords: Open Innovation, Bibliometric, The Lens, VOSviewer

Continuous glucose metabolism monitoring platform for long-term analysis of tumor cell proliferation and drug response

Glucose metabolism monitoring has emerged as a crucial method for analyzing the metabolic state of tumor cells. Conventional glucose measurement techniques only provide endpoint information and lack the ability for real-time monitoring. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a continuous and long-term monitoring approach to gain insights into cellular behavior and metabolic regulation. We developed a selective permeation outer membrane specifically designed for high glucose concentrations in cell culture, allowing continuous operation in the range of 0–32 mM, significantly exceeding the linear range of typical continuous glucose sensing systems (CGMS). The platform enabled real-time and continuous monitoring of glucose consumption during tumor cell proliferation, demonstrating high linearity, stability, and anti-interference in the cell culture medium. More importantly, by optimizing the electrode design, we achieved accurate and long-term online glucose monitoring for over seven days, double the current capacity. The prepared sensors have enabled continuous monitoring of glucose metabolism parameters in different cell lines, cell numbers and cells treated with different drugs, providing a promising strategy to explore cellular metabolism. The glucose monitoring platform holds tremendous potential in various fields, including drug screening, toxicology, cancer therapy and personalized medicine.

Block-Polymer-Restricted Sub-nanometer Pt Nanoclusters Nanozyme-Enhanced Immunoassay for Monitoring of Cardiac Troponin I.

Noble-metal nanozymes have demonstrated great potential in various fields. However, aggregation of single-particle nanoparticles severely affects their exposed catalytically active sites to the extent of exhibiting weak enzyme-like activity. Here, we present an organic block surfactant (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) to construct monodisperse water-stable Pt nanoclusters (Pt NCs) for an enhanced immunoassay of cardiac troponin I (cTnI). The PVP-modified Pt NC nanozyme exhibited up to 16.3 U mg-1 peroxidase-mimicking activity, which was mainly attributed to the ligand modification on the surface and the electron-absorbing effect of the ligand on the Pt NCs. The PVP-modified Pt NCs have a lower OH-transition potential, as determined by density functional theory. Under optimized experimental conditions, the enhanced nanozyme immunoassay strategy exhibited an ultrawide dynamic response range of 0.005-50 ng mL-1 for cTnI targets with a detection limit of 1.3 pg mL-1, far superior to some reported test protocols. This work provides a designable pathway for the design of artificial enzymes with high enzyme-like activity to further expand the practical range of enzyme alternatives.

Functional Polymeric Micromaterials Based on Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens

AbstractAggregate materials have attracted tremendous attention because of their modified or totally different properties compared with their molecular counterparts. Among various mesoscopic aggregate materials, polymeric micromaterials possess the advantages of diverse structures and flexible manufacturing, enabling them to serve as excellent carriers for aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) and good platforms for the research of aggregate science. In recent years, polymeric micromaterials constructed from AIEgens have witnessed rapid development and show great application potential in various fields, such as environmental sensing, multicolor displaying, and energy conversion. This review summarizes the recent progress on the design, preparation, structure, and applications of AIEgen‐based polymeric micromaterials. According to the structure features, AIEgen‐based polymeric micromaterials are divided into three categories, including microsphere, microfiber, and other‐shaped microparticles. The most representative examples in each category are highlighted by focusing on their subdivision structures such as solid microsphere, porous microsphere, microcapsule, microfiber doped‐ or coated with AIEgens, and core–shell microfiber. Finally, the challenges and prospects in this research field are also discussed. It is hoped that this review can provide readers with an overall view on the development of AIEgen‐based polymeric micromaterials and boost their further research.

Fabrication, high-temperature mechanical behavior, and oxidation resistance of high entropy alloys: A review

High entropy alloys (HEAs), as a new type of alloy, have attracted increasing attention since it was developed in 2004, showing high engineering potential in various fields. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress in their fabrication, high-temperature mechanical behavior, and oxidation resistance. It begins with an introduction of the effects of intrinsic characteristics of HEAs on their physical properties, focusing on the four typical effects including the high-entropy effect, the sluggish diffusion effect, the severe lattice effect, and the cocktail effect. Fabrication methods of HEA feeding powders, HEA blocks, and HEA coatings are then analyzed from the methodologies to mechanical properties. Afterward, the recent progress of FeCoCrNiAlTi HEAs and refractory HEAs which both demonstrated excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures is discussed with the underlying mechanisms, such as the chemical composition effect, the phase structure effect, and the strengthening effect. Recent antioxidant strategies including the formation of Al oxides, Cr oxides, and Si oxides in HEAs are highlighted. This review is concluded with prospects on challenges and future directions in the critical fields, such as their fundamental applications and design strategies of advanced HEAs with good high-temperature performance.

Printing flexible thin-film transistors

Flexible thin-film transistors (f-TFTs) not only attract research attention but also possess significant application potential in various fields, such as consumer electronics, human–machine interfaces, healthcare, multipurpose sensors, and logic circuits. Printing is one of the most appealing technologies for fabricating f-TFTs owing to its low cost, suitability for large-scale fabrication, and possibility to be customized under non-vacuum conditions. Significant advancements have been achieved in the printing of f-TFTs regarding several aspects, including printing techniques, printable materials, device performance, and applications, which are summarized and discussed here. Specifically, this review focuses on the recent developments achieved regarding four typical materials commonly used in printed f-TFTs: low-dimensional materials, carbon-based materials, organic materials, and metal-oxide materials. Furthermore, the actual applications of printed f-TFTs are discussed to highlight the issues in contemporary research, and future outlook and prospects regarding the development of printed f-TFTs are provided.

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-Related Concepts

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health care and holds immense potential for various fields, including the medical field, but it also brings its share of concerns and issues. This article introduces AI and its core concepts, such as deep learning, machine learning, and large language models (LLMs). It also provides examples that were generated using ChatGPT to highlight the use of prompts and the limitations of LLMs in AI. AI is a powerful paradigm for scientific research, and it can and does reduce work effort and enhance results. However, is it the right tool for the selected task? In addition, no matter how powerful, AI is meant to complement humans and does not replace them.

Synthesis and application of biomimetic material inspired by diatomite

Inspired by nature, the design and synthesis of novel biomimetic materials are gradually attracting the attention of scientists. Biomimetic materials with excellent performance are widely applied in medical health, industrial production, agricultural planting, aerospace, etc. As a natural porous biomass material, diatomite has the advantages of high porosity, low bulk density, stable chemical property and large surface area. Benefiting from these advantages, it is of great importance to treat diatomite as bionic substrate to synthesize diatomite biomimetic materials, which can be endowed good structure stability and natural mechanical property. It is an ideal option for crystal growth and uniform dispersion of nanostructures, to improve the agglomeration and high cost of nanomaterials. This review briefly introduces our recent achievements on diatomite biomimetic materials in different application fields. In view of its excellent optical, thermal, chemical and mechanical property, diatomite biomimetic materials have shown extensive application potential in various fields of science and engineering, which include catalysis, corrosion protection, microwave adsorption, super-hydrophobicity, pollutant adsorption, energy storage, etc. It demonstrates that diatomite biomimetic materials with different functional properties can be synthesized by diverse chemical means and preparation methods for different application. By composed of inorganic nanomaterial hybrid, this diatomite biomimetic materials display a three-dimensional network structure with diatomite morphology. The design and synthesis of diatomite biomimetic materials provide more potential bionic categories for different applications, which can accelerate the development of low-cost and high-performance biomimetic materials.

A multilayer triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator for vibration energy harvesting and frequency monitoring

With the advancement of sensor networks, the exploration of distributed vibrational energy resources bears significant implications. We introduce a multilayer triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator (M-TEHG). The M-TEHG exhibits remarkable output capabilities across a broad frequency spectrum, with a peak power density of 2.8 W/m3 at 10 Hz. Moreover, by incorporating the gas discharge tube (GDT) as a rapid switch in the BUCK circuit, the M-TEHG provides a continuous and stable power supply for the load. This innovation not only enhances the charging rate of the M-TEHG's capacitor by 43.84–57.66%, but also enables uninterrupted power supply to temperature and humidity sensors. Additionally, the M-TEHG also possesses the capability to monitor vibration frequencies. It utilizes a linear bearing and smooth guide rod structure, effectively mitigating the impact of vibration signals from different angles. The frequency monitoring of the M-TEHG achieves an accuracy of up to 99.1% and demonstrates exceptional linearity. The integrated electricity generation and sensing capability of M-TEHG demonstrate its immense potential in various fields, such as distributed sensor networks, unmanned environment monitoring, and especially early warning systems for bridge vibration.

MANAJEMEN EKSTRAKURIKULER DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BAKAT PESERTA DIDIK (STUDI KASUS di SMA INSAN KAMIL TARTILA, TANGERANG)

MANAJEMEN EKSTRAKURIKULER DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BAKAT PESERTA DIDIK (STUDI KASUS di SMA INSAN KAMIL TARTILA, TANGERANG)

Plant growth-promoting properties of endophytic bacteria isolated from some xerophytic plants distributed in arid regions (Uzbekistan)

Recent advancements in the development of endophytic microorganisms-based stimulants have shown promising potential in various fields. Research on the identification of these endophytic microorganisms has been well reported, however, there are limited studies of these endophytes isolated from plants in arid regions. Thus, isolation and identification of promising microbial endophytes from xerophytic plants is essential in technology development for sustainable agriculture in arid regions. This study aims to identify the endophytic bacteria isolated from Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. and Ceratoides eversmanniana (Stschegl. ex I.G.Borshch.) Botsch. & Ikonn. in vertical zones of arid regions of Uzbekistan, and examine their potential plant growth-promoting properties. Using Luria-Bertani (LB) medium, 70 distinct bacterial colony were isolated from the different segments of K. prostrata and C. eversmanniana. These isotypes were screened using NaCl-supplemented LB medium in which nine promising bacterial isolates showed tolerance to 15% NaCl. The nine promising halophytes were subjected to molecular identification using specific primers. The isolates from K. prostrata are identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Priestia aryabhattai, Pseudomonas putida, and Priestia endophytica. On the other hand, Priestia megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus parabrevis were isolated from C. eversmanniana. The identified isolates also showed significant plant growth-promoting properties (N2-fixation, IAA production, phosphates solubilization, ACC deaminase production, siderophores production) and shows ability to inhibit pathogenic fungal growth. Based on the result, the identified bacterial endophytes can be processed as growth-stimulants and biological control of fungal pathogens in crops in arid regions.

Stable and impalement-resistant superamphiphobic coatings enabled by phase-separated adhesive for anti-adhesion of viscous liquids with low surface tension

Superamphiphobic coatings have great potential in various fields but surfer from weak mechanical stability, low impalement resistance and poor repellency to viscous liquids with low surface tension. Here, we report stable and impalement-resistant superamphiphobic coatings enabled by phase-separated adhesive for anti-adhesion of viscous liquids with low surface tension. By fluorination of silica (F-silica) nanoparticles and solvent induced phase separation of an adhesive, a homogeneous suspension was obtained, which could be readily used for preparing superamphiphobic coatings via spray-coating. The effects of phase separation degree and adhesive/F-silica mass ratio on superamphiphobicity, impalement resistance and mechanical stability of the coatings were studied. The coatings have a hierachical micro-/nanostructure and numerous perfluorodecyl groups on the surface. Thus, the coatings show excellent static and dynamic superamphiphobicity, e.g., high contact angles, low sliding angles, high maximum release height, short solid-liquid contact time and large bouncing height for various liquids with high viscosity and low surface tension. The coatings also show excellent mechanical stability, good chemical and temperature stability. Furthermore, the coatings are applicable onto diverse substrates and could be easily scaled-up.

Flexible free-standing BixSey@C/PEDOT:PSS thermoelectric composite film with high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding

Due to the component advantages and structural features, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) based inorganic–organic composite films shows huge application potential in various fields. However, there are few reports on the bi-functions of thermoelectric (TE) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding for the PEDOT:PSS-based functional films. Herein, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived BixSey@C sheets with average size about ∼ 7.32 μm are obtained via the solvothermal reaction and selenization pyrolysis treatment, and then flexible free-standing BixSey@C/PEDOT: PSS (BSCP) composite films are obtained by a feasible vacuum filtration combined with cold pressing treatment, using different contents of BixSey@C content as inorganic component. Micrometer BixSey@C sheets are uniformly dispersed in the PEDOT:PSS matrix constructing bi-functional composite films with unique layered structure. When the MOFs-derived BixSey@C content is 70%, BSCP-70 composite film gets a power factor of 11.23 μW m−1 K−2 at 340 K. Meanwhile, the BSCP-70 composite film reaches the highest average total EMI shielding effectiveness (SET) value of 45.0 dB at only 41.9 μm thickness at X-band. Based on multi-physical properties of MOF-derived BixSey@C and PEDOT:PSS, flexible BixSey@C/PEDOT:PSS composite films display good application potentiality in the flexible TE devices and EMI shielding protection.

Overcoming the yield challenge of mussel foot proteins: Enhancing adhesion through metal ion-incorporated nanoparticles

Mussel foot proteins (MFPs) hold tremendous potential for various fields, but their low natural production yield presents a significant challenge for practical use. This study aims to explore possible solutions to overcome this limitation. While advanced recombinant technology can improve production efficiency, the resulting proteins lack the crucial chemical signature of mussel adhesion, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). Recent studies have shown that adhesives in nanoparticle form offer higher adhesion on solid surfaces, making them a promising alternative. Moreover, metal ions can enhance the cohesive forces between MFPs, leading to improved adhesion. In this study, we prepared MFP nanoparticles via spray-drying and tested their adhesion performance on surfaces with varying hydrophobicity using a universal testing machine. Our findings confirmed that MFP nanoparticles exhibit stronger adhesive performance than native MFPs, with metal ions contributing to even more robust adhesion. This study offers valuable insights into the adhesive behavior of MFPs in nanoparticle form with metal ions, presenting a potential solution to the challenge of low natural production yield of MFPs and the possibility of enhancing their adhesion properties in bio-adhesive materials.

Nanoimprint Meta‐Device for Chiral Imaging

AbstractThe polarization of light is a valuable information channel that has been studied extensively in optical devices. There has been limited progress in developing low‐refractive index contrast and large‐scale chiral meta‐devices that are easy to integrate and mass‐produce. In this image, a chiral imaging meta‐device with a large area and broadband chirality control is experimentally demonstrated. The centimeter‐scale Moiré meta‐device is achieved using nanoimprint technology. The Poynting vector and singularity features in the near field and chiral optical response in the far field are discussed. The proposed Moiré meta‐devices can achieve circular dichroism (CD) of more than 10%. Further chiral imaging harnessing CD mechanisms are demonstrated, which may lead to significant potential in various fields, including encryption and security, materials science, biochemistry, and medicine.

Sandwich Fibrous PEG Encapsulations for Thermal Energy Storage.

Phase change materials (PCMs) textiles have been developed for personal thermal management (PTM) while limited loading amount of PCMs in textiles reduced thermal buffering effect. In this work, we firstly prepared a sandwich fibrous encapsulation to store polyethylene glycol (PEG) with PEG loading amount of 45 wt%, which consisted of polyester (PET) fabrics with hydrophobic coating as protection layers, polyurethane (PU) nanofibrous membranes as barrier layers and PEG-loaded viscose fabric as a PCM-loaded layer. The leakage was totally avoided by controlling weak interfacial adhesion between protection layer and melting PEG. The sandwich fibrous PEG encapsulations had an overall melting enthalpy value ranging from 50 J/g to 78 J/g and melting points ranging from 20 oC to 63 oC by using different PEGs. Besides, introduction of Fe microparticles in PCM-loaded layer enhanced thermal energy storage efficiency. We believe that the sandwich fibrous PEG encapsulation has a great potential in various fields.

Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles: A Potential Antibacterial Agent, Antioxidant, and Colorimetric Nanoprobe for the Detection of Hg2+ Ions.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) prepared by green synthesis have a lot of potentials in various fields. Among them,as an antioxidant, antibacterial agent, and nanoprobe for the colorimetric detection of mercury (Hg2+) ions is thought to be the most important. The antibacterial, antioxidant, and colorimetric sensing potential of the greenly produced AgNPs utilizingPiper chabastem extract are all predicted in this investigation. By using the disc diffusion method, the antibacterial activity of greenly produced AgNPs are assessed, and the findings are measured from the zone of inhibition (ZOI). It is revealed that theStaphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus spp., Escherichia coli,andPseudomonas aeruginosabacterial strains are significantly resisted by the greenly produced AgNPs. The antioxidant activity test of AgNPs reveals a considerable impact on free radical scavenging havingthe inhibitory concentration (IC 50) is 1.13mL (equivalent to 0.45mg mL-1). Also, with a low limit of detection of 28ppm, the resulting AgNPs are used as highly selective and economical colorimetric sensors for Hg2+detection. The study's findings support the hypothesis thatPiper chabastems can serve as a source for the production of AgNPs with high antibacterial and antioxidant activity and usefulness for simple colorimetric readings of Hg2+.

Comparative Analysis of Soft Pneumatic Actuator Designs for Effective Human Finger Movement: A Study on Continuous and Non-Continuous Chamber Configurations

Soft actuators show immense potential in various fields, such as wearable medical devices and the rehabilitation of stroke patients. This study aims to design and fabricate a soft pneumatic actuator (SPA) that effectively mimics human finger movements, with specific focus on post-stroke rehabilitation. Two SPA designs, referred to as M1 and M2, were developed and compared. M1 featured segmented chambers to mimic finger joints, while M2 had continuous chambers. The performance of the SPAs was evaluated based on curvature, generated force, and similarity to natural finger movement. Results showed that M1 exhibited superior curvature and achieved greater bending angles compared to M2 at the same pressure levels. This makes M1 well-suited for applications requiring high bending angles such as gripping. Additionally, M2 demonstrated the ability to mimic specific angles associated with picking-like movements. The findings highlight the potential for further research to explore the customization of SPAs for specialized tasks by modifying the number of sections and chambers. In terms of force, M2 generated slightly higher forces than M1, although the difference was not statistically significant. Overall, it is expected that this research contributes to the development of soft actuators and wearable medical devices, particularly in the field of post-stroke rehabilitation.

Amine-functionalized polysilsesquioxane hollow nanospheres for pH-responsive pesticide release system with UV-shielding property

Polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) hollow spheres show great potential in various fields, including catalysts, environmental protection, and drug delivery, owing to their high stability, large interior cavity, and adjustable surface chemistry. However, the fabrication of amino-functionalized PSQ hollow spheres (AHPSQ) with inherent amine groups on the surface still remains a challenge partly due to the hydrophilicity of the silane precursor. In this study, for the first time AHPSQ was fabricated via a facile sol-gel process utilizing aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane as co-precursor in an ice bath. The pH-sensitive release behavior of AHPSQ was demonstrated using avermectin as a pesticide model and the release kinetics were analyzed. The artificial ultraviolet accelerated experiment confirmed that the carrier has an ultraviolet protective effect on the pesticide and can reduce the ultraviolet degradation rate.