Potato Waste Research Articles

The role of pH transcription factor Appacc in upregulation of pullulan biosynthesis in Aureobasidium pullulans using potato waste as a substrate

pH is one of the important environmental factors affecting the growth, development and secondary metabolites of fungi. To better utilize potato waste for the production of pullulan by fermentation, in this study, the amino acid sequence and structural domain of pH transcription factor Appacc were analyzed using the bioinformatics methods. Appacc showed three typically conserved zinc finger domains, with the closest homology to Zymoseptoria brevis. The function of Appacc was characterized by ΔAppacc and OEXpacc mutants. The mycelium growth of ΔApacc mutants was inhibited, especially, under alkaline conditions. Furthermore, the pullulan production of ΔAppacc mutant was reduced and the expression of pullulan synthetic genes also decreased. Moreover, the OEXpacc mutant further demonstrated that pacc could regulate the expression of pullulan synthesis genes. The yield of pullulan polysaccharide increased from 13.6 g/L to 17.8 g/L by direct fermentation without changing the pH of potato waste. These results suggest that Appacc played a vital role in the growth of Aureobasidium pullulans and that the production of pullulan from potato waste can be increased by overexpression of pacc gene.

Characteristics and liming potential of biochar types from potato waste and pine-bark.

Large amount of wastes are burnt or left to decompose on site or at landfills where they cause air pollution and nutrient leaching to groundwater. Waste management strategies that return these food wastes to agricultural soils recover the carbon and nutrients that would otherwise have been lost, enrich soils and improve crop productivity. This study characterised biochar produced by pyrolysis of potato peels (PP), cull potato (CP) and pine bark (PB) at 350 and 650°C. The biochar types were analysed for pH, phosphorus (P) and other elemental composition. Proximate analysis was done following ASTM standard 1762-84, while surface functional groups and external morphology characteristics were determined using FTIR and SEM; respectively. Pine bark biochar had higher yield and fixed carbon (FC), and lower ash content and volatile matter than biochar types from potato wastes. The liming potential of CP 650°C is greater than that of PB biochars. Biochar types from potato waste had more functional groups even at high pyrolysis temperature relative to pine bark. Potato waste biochars showed an increase in pH, calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), K and P content with increasing pyrolysis temperature. These findings imply that biochar from potato waste may be valuable for soil C storage, remediating acidity and increasing availability of nutrients especially K and P in acidic soils.

Potato Waste Reduction Mechanisms: A case study in Abshar district of Panjshir Province, Afghanistan

The objective of the current study is to estimate the amount of potato waste and introduce suitable mechanisms to reduce it in different stages of production. The investigation was done based on primary data in the year 2021-22 and Abshar district of Panjshir province was selected through cluster sampling process as study area. The data was collected through questionnaires which were distributed randomly to 40 farmers in the district. The results revealed that the average gross income, costs and net income of farmers was estimated around about 1941.55, 414,06 and 1527.49 US$, respectively. Average production of farmers was recorded 9.46 tonnes and average productivity was found 12.21 tonnes ha-1. The highest quantity of potato waste was observed during planting and post-harvest periods. Proper planting date, frequency of irrigation, full ripening, keeping in standard storages and separating injured potatoes were the most important factors effective in waste reduction.

Presenting a Sustainable Production Model of Vegetable Products (Potato Case Study)

One of the most important key issues in the world economy is the issue of sustainable production management and waste control of agricultural products. In this study, considering the economic, social and environmental importance of potato product waste, relying on the concepts and opinions of farmers, experts and experts in this field, an explanation of potato waste reduction management and its sustainable production model has been tried in Bahar city of Hamadan province should be presented. The methodology of this research is qualitative, and in the discussion of the method, the basic theory method is used. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews, photos, videos, and documents, and the validity of the research was confirmed by agricultural experts. The highest amount of potato production waste is related to the harvesting and post-harvest stages. Also, the effective factors in the occurrence of potato waste in Bahar city can be listed in six major factors including economic, biological and natural, educational and skill, social, political and technical issues. The basic problems and challenges of potato waste in Bahar include three main categories that affect the economic, social and environmental sectors. The results showed that potato waste reduction management training is the most important common priority in all stages of sustainable potato production, because it leads to diversification of activities, reduction of agricultural risks, creation of new demand, generation of income and growth of industries. transformation and added value and increase of agricultural development opportunities. Two simple and logical models as the main framework for solving the problem, first for the farmers and then for the managers of the organizations, policy makers and planners in different stages of actions before, during cultivation, before harvesting, after harvesting and marketing.

Starch-based edible protective coating obtained from sweet potato waste.

There is a need for sustainable solutions to increase shelf time and ensure food safety. The use of edible protective coatings in the food industry is and simple and innovative alternative, even more, when the coating is combined with active agents that confer additional functional attributes. Natural polymers such as polysaccharides are very interesting given their edibility, biodegradability, and easy access, among other aspects. Starch is one of the most widely used polysaccharides mainly due to its low cost and simplicity of processing technologies. In this work, sweet potato wastes were used to extract starch. This biopolymer was combined to develop an edible film, by gelation process. The edible coating was characterized in terms of surface morphology (SEM), chemical composition (FTIR) and wettability. For the protective effect, different fruits (bananas, apples, passion fruit, tomato and guava) were coated with 1 or 2 layers of this film. The results showed, in general, that the coated samples revealed better results regarding, texture, color, odor and delayed maturation when compared to the uncoated controls. This is indicative of the potential for increased shelf-time of fruits without significant alterations to their intrinsic properties. Moreover, the extraction process, based on food waste recovery and circularity combined with the protective effect shows the importance of this work and its alignment with several sustainable development goal.

Enhanced fermentative hydrogen production from potato waste by enzymatic pretreatment

ABSTRACT Biological pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis have a potential role in the economic production of sugars and fuels from starch biomass. In this study, the Inoculum/Substrate (I/S) ratio effect and enzymatic pretreatments of potato peels for biohydrogen production in batch reactors were investigated. Two enzymes, α-Amylase and Cellulase, were tested separately and coexistent. Results showed that enzymatic hydrolysis using α-Amylase in mesophilic conditions enhanced carbohydrate concentration from 24.10 g/L to 53.47 g/L, whereas, the use of Cellulase and equi-volumetric mixture of both tested enzymes resulted in 47.16 and 48.16 g/L, respectively. The maximum biohydrogen cumulative production of 263 mL (equivalent to 430.37 mL H2/gVSadded) was obtained using the optimum I/S ratio of 1/6 gVS/gVS at pH 5.5 and incubation temperature of 55°C after 20 days of dark fermentation of potato waste without enzymatic treatment. Under the same operating conditions of the I/S ratio, pH, temperature and the best enzymatic treatment (3 h of substrate enzymatic hydrolysis by α-Amylase), the maximum yield of biohydrogen was 1088 mL (1780.39 mL H2/gVSadded). The enzymatic hydrolysis method adopted in this study can make overall biohydrogen production an effective process. The modified Gompertz model was found to be an adequate fit for biohydrogen production.

Production of ornamental fish in a biofloc-based system using sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) waste as carbon source

The use of biofloc technology has positive effects on the quality of water and utilization of feed through the recycling microbial protein during the culture of commercially important finfishes. This culture technology is also used in the rearing of ornamental fish to address limitations on land space and water use as well to minimize the impacts of wastewater discharge. Therefore, the current study evaluated the utilization of plant wastes in the production of biofloc for the ornamental fish culture. A 30-day trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of using sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas wastes in biofloc production for the rearing of molly, Poecilia sp. The effects on growth, water quality and bacterial population in the water were evaluated. Triplicate tanks of water supplemented with dried sweetpotato wastes (biofloc treatment) at a C:N ratio of 10 and the non-biofloc group were stocked with mixed-sex juveniles of molly at a density of 3 fish per liter and reared for 30 days. Significant differences were observed in water quality parameters particularly lower concentrations of ammonia and nitrate in the biofloc group. Growth parameters showed better growth and lower feed conversion rate in the biofloc group. Higher bacterial counts were also observed in the biofloc group than in the control. The current study showed that sweet potato wastes could be used in the production of biofloc during the rearing of ornamental fish and the presence of bioflocs can increase bacterial population in the water resulting in the recycling of nutrients that could lead towards improving water quality and enhancing fish growth.

Production and Characterization of Active Bacterial Cellulose Films Obtained from the Fermentation of Wine Bagasse and Discarded Potatoes by Komagateibacter xylinus.

Potato waste, such as peels, broken or spoiled potatoes and grape bagasse residues from the winery industry, can be used for the biotechnological production of high-value products. In this study, green, sustainable and highly productive technology was developed for the production of antioxidant bacterial cellulose (BC). The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of a low-cost culture medium based on wine bagasse and potato waste to synthesize BC. Results show that the production of BC by Komagateibacter xylinus in the GP culture medium was five-fold higher than that in the control culture medium, reaching 4.0 g/L BC in 6 days. The compounds of the GP culture medium improved BC production yield. The mechanical, permeability, swelling capacity, antioxidant capacity and optical properties of the BC films from the GP medium were determined. The values obtained for the tensile and puncture properties were 22.77 MPa for tensile strength, 1.65% for elongation at break, 910.46 MPa for Young's modulus, 159.31 g for burst strength and 0.70 mm for distance to burst. The obtained films showed lower permeability values (3.40 × 10-12 g/m·s·Pa) than those of other polysaccharide-based films. The BC samples showed an outstanding antioxidant capacity (0.31-1.32 mg GAE/g dried film for total phenolic content, %DPPH• 57.24-78.00% and %ABTS•+ 89.49-86.94%) and excellent UV-barrier capacity with a transmittance range of 0.02-0.38%. Therefore, a new process for the production of BC films with antioxidant properties was successfully developed.

Production, characterization, and optimization of starch-based biodegradable bioplastic from waste potato (Solanum tuberosum) peel with the reinforcement of false banana (Ensete ventricosum) fiber

Production, characterization, and optimization of starch-based biodegradable bioplastic from waste potato (Solanum tuberosum) peel with the reinforcement of false banana (Ensete ventricosum) fiber

Food-Grade Cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from Potato Waste

Potato waste is generated in a high amount, stably over the year, by operators capable of recovering it. Currently, it is valorized as feed, bioethanol, or biogas. This work explores another avenue to increase the valorization of this waste: the production of yeast production to serve as fodder or single-cell protein. First, potatoes were deconstructed into fermentable sugars by acid hydrolysis using food-grade techniques. Then, after pH adjustment, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated, and cell growth was monitored. For optimization purposes, this procedure was led over a large range of temperature (90–120 °C) and operation time (30–120 min), for a 1/2 solid/liquid ratio. Response surfaces methodology allowed to achieve a maximum sugar release (44.4 g/L) for 99 min under 103 °C. Then, a numerical model combining biological performances and factory process planning was used to derive process productivity (the best compromise between sugar release and cell growth). Maximal productivity (82.8 gYeast/w/L in batch mode, 110 gYeast/w/L in fed-batch mode) was achieved for 103 min under 94 °C. Furthermore, the process’s robustness was confirmed by a sensibility analysis. Finally, as the proposed procedure preserves the food-grade quality of the substrate, the produced yeast can be used as food or feed.

Potato waste as feedstock to produce biohydrogen and organic acids: A comparison of acid and alkaline pretreatments using response surface methodology

The effects of physicochemical pre-treatment were evaluated on hydrogen (H2) production and organic acids from hydrolyzed potato peel. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to evaluate the effects of different substrate concentrations on a wet basis (38.8–81.2 g.L−1) and hydrolyser ratios (6M NaOH and 30% HCl: 1.6–4.4% v.v−1; and H2SO4: 2.2–7.8% v.v−1). The experiments were conducted in batch reactors at 37 °C, using a heat-treated microbial consortium. The maximum H2 production potential (P), lag phase (λ), and maximum H2 production rate (Rm) were evaluated for untreated and pre-treated potato peel waste. H2 production was positively influenced under hydrolyzed substrate concentrations ≥75 g.L−1 in the three CCDs performed. Only the increase in the H2SO4 proportions (≥5% v.v−1) had a negative influence on H2 production. Increasing the 30% HCl and 6M NaOH proportions did not significantly influence the cumulative H2 production. The highest hydrogen production was obtained after alkaline pre-treatment by dark fermentation (P: 762.09 mL H2.L−1; λ: 14.56 h; Rm: 38.39 mL H2.L−1.h−1). Based on the CCD and RSM, the highest H2 production (1060.10 mL H2.L−1) was observed with 81.2 g.L−1 hydrolyzed potato peel with 3.0% v.v−1 of 6M NaOH. The highest yield liquid metabolites were acetic (513.70 mg. g−1 COD) and butyric acids (491.90 mg. g−1 COD).

Enhanced functional and textural properties of waffle premix by addition of phytonutrient-rich industrial potato waste

Enhanced functional and textural properties of waffle premix by addition of phytonutrient-rich industrial potato waste

Structural Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Film Obtained on a Substrate Containing Sweet Potato Waste

The paper presents the results of research on the microstructure of bacterial cellulose (BC-SP) obtained on a medium containing sweet potato peel, which was compared to cellulose obtained on a synthetic medium containing sucrose and peptone (BC-N). The properties of cellulose were analyzed using the methods: size exclusion chromatography (SEC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and computer microtomograph (X-ray micro-CT). BC-SP was characterized by a higher degree of polymerization (5680) and a lower porosity (1.45%) than BC-N (4879, 3.27%). These properties give great opportunities to cellulose for various applications, e.g., the production of paper or pulp. At the same time, for BC-SP, a low value of relative crystallinity was found, which is an important feature from the point of view of the mechanical properties of the polymer. Nevertheless, these studies are important and constitute an important source of knowledge on the possibility of using cheap waste plant materials as potential microbiological substrates for the cultivation of cellulose-synthesizing micro-organisms with specific properties.

Characterisation of industrial potato waste for suitability in food applications

SummaryThe present study aimed at exploring different properties of industrial potato waste for their possible utilisation in various food formulations as a functional ingredient. Potato waste (potato peel and mash) was processed into powders and studied for various biochemical, technological, and morphological characteristics. Analysis of potato mash powder exhibited high techno‐functional potential as water absorption capacity (4.11 g/g) and swelling capacity (4.84 cm3/g) while peel powder showed high crude fibre (13.05%), protein (13.15%), and mineral content along with bio‐functional attributes (834.24 mg GAE/100 g total phenolics and 247.18 mg QE/100 g flavonoids) which were further verified using HPLC and FTIR analysis. Colour coordinates showed darker colour of potato peel compared to mash powder. SEM micrographs of PMP revealed the presence of native starch granules while the presence of cellulose structure was confirmed in peel powder. Storage studies of waste powders revealed shelf stability of 6 months, indicating their high potential for valorisation.

Carbon Dioxide and Release of Primary Nutrients in Contrasting Soils Incubated with Feedstocks and Biochar from Cull Potato and Pine Bark

Disposal of potato waste at landfills results in nutrient losses and pollution of air and groundwater. Biochar from the waste could minimise carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, increase storage of carbon (OC) and recycle nutrients in soil. This study determined effects of biochar from cull potato (CP) and pine bark (PB) on CO2 emission and available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in contrasting soils. Biochar pyrolysed at 350 °C (CP350; PB350) and 650 °C (CP650; PB650), and feedstocks were applied to Luvisol and Ferralsol soils at rates equivalent to 10 Mg C ha−1 and incubated at 25 °C. The carbon dioxide (CO2-C) was captured in 1 M NaOH and the solution was back-titrated with 0.5 M HCl after 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, and 84 days. A similar experiment was conducted, with destructive sampling, including after 112 and 140 days, for analysis of ammonium-N, nitrate-N, and available P and K. Biochar increased CO2 in the Luvisol but decreased it in the Ferralsol when compared with the feedstocks and the control. Higher CO2 was emitted from PB biochar than from CP in the Luvisol. Ammonium-N increased in the Luvisol, reaching a peak after 14 days, and decreased after 42 days, while, in the Ferralsol, it decreased to below detection after 21 days. Nitrate-N increased with decline in ammonium-N, except in CP, in both soils. Available P increased within 14 days and declined after 28 days, with generally higher levels in the Ferralsol. Available K increased with addition of CP and its biochar, with greater availability at higher pyrolysis temperatures for both soils throughout the incubation. The findings showed that application of CP biochar causes emission of CO2 to increase in Luvisol and decrease in Ferralsol, while available K increase, with no effects on N availability, relative to control soils.

Potato waste as an effective source of electron generation and bioremediation of pollutant through benthic microbial fuel cell

The goal of this research was to improve electron generation in BMFC by utilizing potatoes waste as an electron donor source for bacterial species. Pollutant remediation is a secondary applications of BMFC, hence the current research investigated heavy metal remediation from wastewater and energized the system using potato waste. Within 20 days of operation, the present study provided 112 mV, with a maximum current density of 36.84 mA/m2. The cell measured an internal resistance of 1557 Ω, which is bit higher than the external resistance. Several electrochemical studies were also carried out to validate the BMFC findings. On day 30, the specific capacitance was measured with a cyclic voltameter at 0.00057F/g to investigate the biofilm. It demonstrates that the biofilm remains stable throughout the BMFC process. Overall, the electrochemical studies demonstrated that potato waste was a good source of bacterial activity. The Enterobacter, Proteus, and Xenorhabdus species are detected on the surface of anode. Lastly, within 40 days, the maximum efficiency of metal remediation was found to be 94.20 % (Cd2+), 97.34 % (Pb2+), and 84.12 % (Cr3+).

Food processing by-products as sources of hydrophilic carbon and nitrogen for sophorolipid production

Valorization of unavoidable food supply chain waste via biotechnology would be beneficial to the implementation of circular economics and may help increase market competitiveness of the final product via reduced feedstock costs. The suitability of post-milling wheat feed, potato processing scraps and sugar-beet pulps to act as the sole source of hydrophilic carbon (glucose), nitrogen and micronutrients for sophorolipid production using Starmerella bombicola was assessed. While all three feedstocks were viable for sophorolipid production, potato scraps were the most promising feedstock, with product titers of 60.5 and 77.8 g/L from batch and fed-batch bioreactor fermentations, respectively. The viability of potato hydrolysate as a feeding media was also demonstrated, with a three-fold increase in productivity of fed-batch over batch fermentation. This bodes well for future use of potato hydrolysate in more sophisticated fermentation schemes involving continuous feeding and in-situ separation. To holistically evaluate the viability of the potato waste as fermentation feedstock, supply chain modeling was conducted using the UK as a case study. The modeling identified ideal locations for industrial scale fermentation of the potato waste, such as North-West England, East Midlands and Central Scotland. The scale of the facility was shown to greatly alter the complexity of the supply chain, leading to significant changes in environmental and fiscal costs. Practical processing considerations and the implication on process techno-economics are also discussed. The insights provided will be useful for future development of sustainable feedstock for industrial sophorolipid production and industrial biotechnology in general.

Optimization of fermentation condition in bioethanol production from waste potato and product characterization

Optimization of fermentation condition in bioethanol production from waste potato and product characterization

Feasibility and synergistic effect of glucoamylase hydrolysis and microbial fuel cell on electricity generation from potato-waste

The present study established a new dual-phase biological system for electricity production from potato waste (PW). During the initial phase, commercially available glucoamylase was used to make hydrolysis of PW to generate PW hydrolysate. Results revealed that a hundred g PW could generate 30 g hydrolysis solid and 750 ml PW hydrolysate. During the second phase, the soluble PW hydrolysate was used to feed for electricity production from microbial fuel cell (MFC). The highest voltage of 1.1 V was achieved. The power density attained the highest amount of 93 mW/m3 at the external resistance was 1091 ?. Coulombic efficiency of 20% was obtained to evaluate MFC performance. This might be possibly used to convert high starch compounds into biofuel generation that might cut the cost of commercial biofuel generation.

Experimental study and kinetic modelling of bioethanol production from industrial potato waste

Experimental study and kinetic modelling of bioethanol production from industrial potato waste