Postmodern Society Research Articles

코로나 이후 시대 시간관의 사회적 의미와 관광 분야에서의 지방구술사 연구로의 적용을 위한 탐색적 연구

Purpose This study aims to analyze the time perspective of members of society in the post-COVID-19 era and how it changed their attitudes and behaviors and explore the meaning of tourism in the consumption of time resources with the function and role of local oral history study.
 Methods The contents of the literature on the social composition process of time and its meaning were reviewed and analyzed to explore the possibility of developing local tourism resources based on local oral history. The historical meaning of time-related research was examined as an exploratory research before conducting tourism research based on local oral history. Some implications were suggested on how this social philosophical discussion in terms of humanities and social science could be applied to developing local resources in tourism, an applied science.
 Results Local oral history study on local history and culture based on a new time perspective in postmodern society helps reflect on the forming and reconstructing of various cultural boundaries in the production and consumption of the local community. As the expansion of tourism based on various local oral histories helps tourists to combine one-dimensional regression to the past, reflection on the present, and imagination of the future, local oral history is given the broad sense of tourism resource development that mitigates cultural boundaries in the post-COVID-19 era.
 Conclusion The reflection on local history that helps newly remember the characteristics of a region through local oral history helps develop convergence tourism which newly emerges in the production and consumption of the local community culture. Also, local oral history has important theoretical and practical social meanings as it is considered as a new type of alternative tourism to people and promotes an active reconstruction of human behavior.

The Status of Consumption and Consuming the Status: A Theoretical Discussion on Alain de Botton's ‘Status Anxiety’ in the Context of Post-Modern Consumer

Consumption has become one of the most important determinants of social status, together with the Post-Modern society, which is also called the "age of mass consumption". This increase in consumption has also caused the discussion of the sustainability of the economy and natural resources to gain importance. It has resulted in the importance of marketing, which takes consumption as a direct research object. The existence of studies that interpret marketing science as a synthesis of the basic social sciences, economy, philosophy, sociology, and anthropology, also shows this importance. In order for this process to be conducted more accurately, the approaches in the social sciences mentioned above should be discussed in the context of marketing. In this study, which was conducted for this purpose, the post-modern consumption phenomenon was discussed in the context of marketing with Alain de Botton's theory of Status Anxiety. In this study, first of all, status, snobbery, and envy phenomena were examined within the framework of Status Anxiety. Thus, the positions of these concepts in the post-modern consumption phenomenon were determined. Finally, a synthesis was put forward in the discussion and conclusion section together with these literature reviews. In this context, the implications for marketing in Botton's approach were compiled, and the solution proposals were criticized. As a result, the existence of a consumer who wants unlimited consumption leaves sustainability problems unsolved. In this context, consumers need to develop a consumption philosophy through alternative economic systems. In this study, deficiencies in Botton's theory were identified, and non-economized post-materialism and minimalism were presented as solutions.

Forming communicative competence in future specialists of the socio-economic sphere

This article explores the cultural tendencies of verbal etiquette among future professionals in the socio-economic field in the context of postmodern society during their professional training. The aim of the article is to investigate the formation peculiarities of communicative competence in education seekers of socio-economic professions regarding the development of speech culture related to the problem of verbal etiquette in postmodern society. The components of communicative competence in future professionals of the socio-economic field include subjective, praxeological, and gnoseological aspects, which are interdependent and contribute to the development of communicative interaction in their professional activities. The research was conducted within the educational process of higher education institutions, employing identical measurement techniques, time, and duration of training, which allowed for diagnosing the level of communicative competence of future professionals in the socio-economic field according to the criteria of speech culture. Communicative competence of future professionals in the socio-economic field is defined as the integration of scientific knowledge, intellectual and practical skills and abilities, virtual literacy in interpersonal interaction, competence in overcoming communication barriers, general culture, and personal qualities of education seekers capable of solving life-creative tasks.

A DEMOCRACIA CONSTITUCIONAL CONTEMPORÂNEA: ESTUDOS PRELIMINARES SOBRE A PROCEDURALIZAÇÃO

This article intends to present the procedural system as a coordination mechanism of State action, which fits within the separation of powers, and it is a response to the paradoxical cases arising from post-modern society. In this way, the limits of constitutional law resulting from post-modern complexity will be presented, along with the problem of paradoxical cases, which are not those called "hard cases", and the paradigm of proceduralization as a measure of contemporary constitutional democracy. In addition, the stages and aspects of social structural construction that have built post-modern society will be presented, and that have raised the social problems of litigious cases, whose Judiciary has full capacity to decide them, to undecidable cases, especially with the process of extinction of metanarratives and the transition from the society of organizations to the society of platforms.

"Fatigue" as a Condition of Indifference of Love: Conclusions of Postmodernism

Relevance. The article examines the indifference to the experience of love. In the postmodern era, staying in the subject is regarded as an inability to independently fill oneself with important resources for life: first of all, it is important to realize oneself, anesthesia is offered by self – sufficiency against love pain, "everything will still have time, love will not run away anywhere." There is a devaluation of love, it acquires a consumer character and is supported by diagnoses as "addiction", which formulates a conclusion about its devaluation. This assumption implies the emergence of "love fatigue" as an expression of a lack or lack of attention to the basic value of a person.The purpose of the work is to study the causes of "love fatigue" in the context of postmodernity.Objectives: to determine the causes of "fatigue" in the manifestation of love; to characterize the phenomenon of "love" in postmodern society; to assess the impact of consumer culture on the value and significance of love and partner.Methodology. The methodological basis of the article is the method of system analysis, which made it possible to discover modern attitudes to human relationships, in particular love, and the theoretical and methodological basis is the research of domestic and foreign philosophers and sociologists studying the problem of feelings in the postmodern era.Results. In this paper, the concepts of "fatigue" and "love" are considered. Revealed a difference in attitude to the feeling of love in (post)modern society.Conclusions. Existing norms allow a person to experience life experience, change its form and content, which means that the understanding of feelings and the value of relationships become unattainable for another – the boundaries become invisible. However, if a person develops the will to comprehend the other and accept him as he is, then he will free love from human limits, and therefore will enjoy time next to and development with him.

Reconfiguring Gothic-Postmodernism: A Reading of Namina Forna’s (2021) The Gilded Ones

This paper explores Namina Forna’s (2021) debut novel, The Gilded Ones, as manifesting postmodern aspects which allow the text to comment on twenty-first-century life. Forna employs certain parameters of postmodernism that elucidate the postmodern lifestyle. Anchored on the bedrock of postmodernism, this paper dissects the selected text in order to reveal an artistic trajectory that captures the pulse and the tempor contemporaneous with postmodern life. Postmodernism has brought a revolution in the way a text is appreciated since it rejects the limiting boundaries of art and allows plurality of interpretations. Locating Forna’s text, The Gilded Ones within postmodernism theory, this paper employed a library-based close reading to explore the rejuvenation of horrors and fears encapsulated in the twenty first century. It engaged an interpretivist research design that allowed data to be chiselled out of primary text and coded for interpretation. Judgmental sampling was done to arrive at Forna’s The Gilded Ones since the text is replete with postmodernist aspects. The study is instrumental in addressing the fluidity of identity from a numinous paradigm allowing the physical or reality and phantasmagoria to conflate. The paper avers that Forna in her selected text, encapsulates the mechanics and aspects of Gothic-postmodernism which captures succinctly issues contemporaneous with the postmodern society. Gothic aesthetics have been used to dignify and elevate the history of a community. It is hoped that the study makes significant contribution on the dialectics surrounding identity as it voices postmodern fears. The study is instrumental in rooting for the recognition of Africa’s postmodern genre

Cultural Hybridity in The Kite Runner

The Kite Runner is a novel written by Khaled Hosseini. The novel is a mirror to see the Afghan history, culture, religions, politics and many other aspects of the nation. Specifically, the novel evolves round the Afghan immigrants in Fremont, California. This paper attempts to reveal the issues of cultural differences between the two cultures: Afghan/Muslim and the American/Christian where the Afghan immigrants face cultural difficulties in a new land. In the colonial, post-colonial and post-modern societies people from across the world travel, migrate, immigrate and even settle in a new cultural location where they have to assimilate, resist or interpret the new culture. In the midst of it, this article will examine the readjustment of the immigrants in a culturally different location. Readjustment is not easy but can be made possible by their choice off cultural hybridization. In this context Homi K Bhabha, a post-colonial theorist is considered for the application part in the present study. For Bhabha the cultural space means neither the one nor the other but something else besides, in between. Neither this nor that so the third space is created for the cultural practice. The Afghan immigrants find the third space where they can rest their cultural pain. Certainly, the assumption of 'in between-space' will help to come out to the cultural problems of immigrants in the new land.

An Investigation on 'Second-Hand Clothing Applications' in the Context of the Diderot Effect

Consumption in post-modern society, with the effect of Diderot, leads individuals to excessive consumption without need, especially with the developments in technology. It brings societies to a point where they buy things they do not need. It is thought that online shopping sites influence individuals, according to Diderot, and lead them to buy more with the thought of the inadequacy of the existing one. In this study, 10 people selected by random sampling method from Dolap and Depop users, which are second-hand clothing applications selected by purposeful sampling methods, were compared in the context of the Diderot effect and analyzed descriptively. In line with the findings obtained after the examination, it has been observed that although these applications are second-hand clothing platforms, they are in parallel with the Diderot effect, which explains the consumption frenzy of our age and the fact that we buy what we do not need. In addition, it has been determined that the individuals in the application are directed to consume not one but more than one product, although they do not need it and they are second-hand, with the thought that they should provide harmony and integrity with each other.

Food writings in a postmodern society: a discourse analysis of influencer and celebrity chef cookbooks in Belgium

Food writings in a postmodern society: a discourse analysis of influencer and celebrity chef cookbooks in Belgium

Liquid Youth Generation? The New Psychopathological Trajectories of the Post-Modern Society

According to Zygmunt Bauman (1999), we are living in an era dominated by a "liquid society". In the liquid society, nothing is clear, defined and fixed “once and for all”. The liquid society imposes high standards, it is highly competitive, and computerized. Obviously, this influences every aspect of life, by indeed incentivizing precarious interpersonal relationships. Our post-modern society is dominated by haste and the absence of stable ties. Within this context, adolescents and young adults should define their identity and, at the same time, should acquire the ability to flexibly redefine it, when necessary. Youth identity is forced to constantly adapt itself according to the changing society. This inevitably exposes young people to new forms of discomfort as well as psychopathologies. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview about the current state-of-the-art of the mental health status of adolescents and young adults in post-modern society, by focusing on seven major themes: digital addiction, effects of media use on behavior and mental-health, social withdrawal, alexithymia, fluid identity, not in education/employment or training people, and self-harm and suicidality.

No limits forever! Understanding the lifecycle of trend and adventure sports in the context of individualization, eventization and mediatization

ABSTRACT Research question Recently, innovative new trend and adventure sports like Tough Mudder or adventure races have benefitted from a steady increase in popularity, participation and media attention, leading to spill-over effects of multiple, repeat or even copy-cat events (Antchak et al., 2021, Understanding the core elements of event portfolio strategy: lessons from Auckland and Dunedin. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(7), 2447–2464. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2020-1022 ; Parent & Ruetsch, 2020, Managing Major Sports Events. Theory and Practice. Routledge; Raj et al., 2017, Events Management. Principles and Practice. SAGE; Yeoman et al., 2014, The Future of Events & Festivals. Routledge). How does this occur? This paper provides an answer to this question, explaining how these developments are fueled by the individualization and pluralization of lifestyles and accelerated by mediatization and eventization? Conceptual approach Selected trend sport cases are analyzed in order to gain insight and understanding about the hype surrounding these competitive, event-oriented, close-to-nature races that are inclusive, and overwhelmingly appealing to almost everyone. Based on existing literature, the paper presents a conceptual framework which can be used for further research. Discussion The high degree of inclusivity observed in these sports is made possible by the advancement of digital technologies and intensified by the metaprocesses of mediatization and eventization, reflecting the tendency of post-modern societies to stage everything. As athletes, participants, spectators and general public engage with these activities and share their experiences online, it gives rise to further interesting opportunities to join in and participate. Implications This conceptual paper presents a theoretical framework enabling practitioners to better understand the driving forces of mediatization and eventization for the development of trend and adventure sports, and their potential for tourism development and strategic destination management. The article concludes with the formulation of research questions and possible directions for future research.

Changing crops, changing diets: Consumers’ purchase intention of Sicilian tropical fruits

The rising global consumption patterns and the impact of climate change have contributed to the growing production and consumption of tropical fruits. In response, agricultural practices in Mediterranean regions have adapted to cultivate tropical fruits locally, leading to a burgeoning culinary and gastronomic interest in these fruits. Based on a study of Sicilian consumers (N = 511), this paper aims to analyze the purchase intention and consumption frequencies and usage patterns of Sicilian tropical fruits in order to meet new consumers’ needs in post-modern societies. This work contributes to the understanding of consumer demand as it is so important for local producers to develop more accurate strategies to support possible expansion of tropical fruits both in Sicilian gastronomy and for cultivation where agronomic conditions are favorable. Results reveal that consumers are willing to pay more for products which have a quality certification and a local origin. While tropical fruits production and consumption is increasing in Mediterranean regions, they also contribute to the identification of the territory.

Stock Investment According to Classic and Contemporary Ulama Views: Comparative Law Studies

There is an increase in stock problems in the contemporary era. Various economic issues no longer have conventional nuances but are integrated with the digital world. Numerous applications and website portals have been created that promise attractive profits when investing and selling shares on their forums. Investing in stocks became a lucrative business with little effort put into its application. The highest power is vested in the largest shareholder, not in workers who have direct contact with the business it self. Problems arise when discussing the legal validity of the event. This is due to the presence of trade monopoly indications and capitalist elements. Furthermore, the concrete stock issues never discussed by classical ulemas are likely to differ from those discussed by current ulemas living in modern or postmodern society. Therefore, it is considered far more relevant to view contemporary economic problems such as stocks in light of contemporary ulema's views. This article examines the views of famous classical ulemas of their time, as well as contemporary ulemas, regarding stocks in general. This study uses a comparative analysis with a normative review of Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia.

Reflections on generations in liquid modernity: a study on the relationship between education and generation alpha

The objective of this research was to present the relationship between education and the liquid-modern-technological-digital society based on the author Bauman. It was a bibliographic research with a qualitative approach, as this approach is primarily based on the improvement of ideas or the discovery of intuitions. The research was conducted from January to May 2023, and the Scielo and Google Scholar databases were used for the literature review. In the postmodern society, education faces what Bauman called liquid modernity, a name attributed to the liquefied characteristic present in today's postmodern society. The current society has liquefied the solid elements of modern society, transforming them into liquid and fluid. Everything has become interconnected and fluid, and digital technology has created a connection among the masses, forming a single fluid social mass. The components of this society, now divided into generations, coexist while preserving what makes individuals unique within their generations.

THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE: THE POSTMODERN PERSPCETIVE OF LYOTARD

This paper demonstrates Jean-Francois Lyotard's theory of knowledge in postmodern societies. Lyotard explores the nature of knowledge, including how it is generated, structured, and used in contemporary society. He questions who has access to knowledge, how it is utilized, who controls it, and how it influences our lives and perceptions of the world. He rejects meta-narrative theories that posit knowledge as serving universal human goals and instead argues that knowledge in contemporary societies is primarily organized in terms of efficiency, profitability, commodity, and power. Furthermore, he contends that the nations with the most advanced technology, communications, and information are the most powerful. He equates the state of knowledge with the systems of domination that undermine our understanding of truth, value, and justice. Finally, Lyotard argues that postmodern societies are experiencing a reduction of knowledge to efficiency and a dehumanizing culture due to the emergence of machine-led computer-controlled systems.

LEGAL CONUNDRUM OF LIVE-IN RELATIONSHIP IN INDIA: A JUDICIAL APPROACH

The ideas of how men and women interact with one another and the attitude toward cohabitation, in general, have changed significantly with the advent of the post-modern or industrial society. “Live-in relationships” are an expression of a couple’s decision to cohabitate as a couple without getting married. The modernisation of the community has brought an array of new ideas and values. With the affection growing towards each other and the decision to tie the knot after taking into consideration all the prospects of a healthy marriage, youngsters these days believe in living together before marriage to test compatibility, known as “live-in relationships.” However, with modernisation comes the traditional thinking of our culture and the mindset of people towards these practices. Acknowledging the legal implications of the “live-in relationship” along with the challenges youngsters are facing nowadays, this paper highlights the analysis of laws that govern this practice in India.

Educational space as a historical and philosophical phenomenon: Theoretical and methodological foundations

Introduction. The article theoretically examines the genesis of specific features of such key pedagogical concepts and categories as ‘education’ and ‘educational space’ in the historical and philosophical context, adapted to the conditions of multi-vector social challenges of modern reality. Interest in the problem of the studied phenomena is determined by modern discussions around the current educational space, the specifics of its self-development in the historical and philosophical context of research in a rapidly and sometimes unpredictably changing social reality. The purpose of the article is a historical and philosophical analysis of the essence and existence of the educational space in the comparative context of sociocultural and cognitive characteristics of society. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study was formed by historical-philosophical and systematic approaches. The authors used the principles of flexible rationality in building theoretical constructs of the phenomena ‘education’ and ‘educational space’. The methodological value of the study lies in the historical and philosophical analysis of the problems of the formation of educational space in Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Enlightenment and the New Age, which makes it possible to navigate the variety of manifestations of the modern educational environment. Methods used by the authors include: comparative-historical, deductive, chronological, generalization and analysis. Results. The main results lie in the historical and philosophical analysis of the essence and existence of educational space and the disclosure of its specific characteristics in the comparative context of the socio-cultural characteristics of education, which allows to interpret the education itself as a unity of the process and result of the development and appropriation by the individual of general forms of interaction with the objects of reality and themselves that have been developed by the community and anchored in the culture. The study shows that the educational area of the Middle Ages absorbed a symphony of theological, philosophical and scientific knowledge in the true sense. During that time, scientific knowledge was pushed into the background compared to the knowledge of God and the soul. The authors established the idea that the evolving educational space, responding to the challenges of the time, determines the subject of education, i. e. in the womb of subject-subject and subject-object relationships. The authors highlight the relevant issues of the phenomenon of educational space as a complex, self-evolving system functioning as a significant sphere of social life. The educational space in the Age of Enlightenment begins to actively differentiate itself from layers of social spaces, as everyone realizes that through education, the process of deobjectification and objectification occurs in the human mind. One of the projections of modernity predictions is the transformation of education in postmodern society and the transition from the broadcasting and facilitating function of education to a mediating one. Conclusions. The authors have identified specific features of the genesis of the concepts of ‘space’, ‘education’, and ‘educational space’ in the comparative context of the historical and philosophical paradigm of the sociocultural characteristics of society and the role of education in it. The main content of the problem of the educational space as a societal phenomenon that is in a development and evolution situation together with society and the epoch is generalized. The position is justified that in the philosophical discourse, which is woven from people's cognitive actions and interpersonal communication, the educational space exhibits a developmental logic not only ontologically but also epistemologically, creating a unique phenomenon - educational environments in which its social criteria and meanings are formed and implemented. It was shown that the educational space reflects the structural coexistence and interaction of all possible educational systems, their components, educational events, for the existence of which the epoch is able to create conditions. It is noted that the educational space is an open system subject to dissipative processes, the emergence of new structures and the destruction of those that are energetically unable to maintain their existence.

The Postmodern Aesthetic Style of the Film “A Pigeon Sat on a Branch Reflecting on Existence"

Postmodern aesthetics, as a product of postmodern culture, shows resistance to traditional aesthetic values, subverts the cognitive logic of rational and absolute concepts, and has a profound impact on contemporary films. Swedish director Roy Andersson's representative work, "A Pigeon Sat on a Branch Reflecting on Existence", embodies obvious post-modern aesthetic features. Its images attempt to subvert traditional authority, the narrative is broken, the audience interacts with the depth of field lens, and the interpretation is returned to the audience. The highly copied characters and scenes show the absurdity of contemporary people's existence and the desolation of spirit and issue sharp satire to the post-modern society, Presenting a profound philosophical reflection.

POSTMODERN SOCIETY, SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION AND THE UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION

Given the importance of keeping consumption levels within the environment’s carrying capacity and natural limits to growth, this article examines the interconnections between postmodern society, the United Nations (UN) and sustainable consumption. Throughout the article, the main characteristics of postmodern society and their relationship with the problem of unsustainability are analyzed. The historical process of the UN’s struggle for a sustainable global community, based on data on social inequalities and the human impact on ecosystems, is taken as a background. The article highlights the need for strong global governance, combined with changing society’s habits and the use of solidary economy practices to support the realization of the right and duty to sustainable consumption. The research is qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and deductive. The methodological procedure is bibliographical and documentary.

Rethinking education and work relationships in youth transition: an alternative metaphor

ABSTRACT Education and work are two essential parts of young people’s lives. Currently, the relationship between education and work in the youth policy field is predominantly discussed from the perspective of a narrow economic discourse of education to work transitions. This is despite the fact that this narrow paradigm of examining youth transition from school to work which was prevalent in the 1980s and early 1990s has been consistently problematised and re-worked in the past few decades. Drawing on longitudinal data collected from a cohort of Australian young adults reporting their self-assessment of and their reflections on the connection between their study and work, this paper provides new empirical evidence in support of some of the arguments that have emerged within the field of youth studies regarding transition. Grounded in a broader conceptualisation of transition and informed by theories of youth citizenship, this paper highlights the complexities involved in young people’s navigation of education and work, and proposes the metaphor of a double helix which considers education and work as two interconnected venues through which recognition and meaning are achieved by young people in a postmodern society.