Post-epidemic Period Research Articles

Research on the Development of Tourism Industry in the Post-Epidemic Period——Analysis Based on Multiple Regression Model GM(2,1) Model

The outbreak of the new crown epidemic has had a serious impact on the development of the tourism industry. Although the development of the tourism industry has recovered in the post-epidemic period, some people still have concerns about the development prospects of the tourism industry. This paper uses the multiple regression model and the GM (2,1) model for analysis. The basic indicators of the tourism industry include: tourism foreign exchange income, domestic tourism number, domestic tourism revenue, domestic travel agency number, domestic tourism agency employment, domestic tourism industry. The number of colleges and universities and the number of foreign inbound tourists. Quantitative analysis of tourism "fundamentals" by means of descriptive statistics. Then, the mathematical models of the "fundamentals" of the tourism industry are respectively constructed, and then the GM(2,1) model is used to predict the development of the "fundamentals" in the next three years , and relevant conclusions and suggestions are put forward.

МОЛОДЕЖНОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО НА ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ШОС: ПОД УГЛОМ ЗРЕНИЯ КИТАЯ

800 million young people live in the countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization，which is almost half of the young population of the world. The SCO member states，carrying out their activities in the field of geopolitics and regional security，pay special attention to the issue of the long-term development of the youth community in the SCO space. The object of the study is the youth community in the SCO space. The subject of the study is the new challenges and new opportunities of the SCO from the perspective of China. The purpose of the study is to scientifically substantiate the possibility of long-term development of the youth community. The main directions of the study are to actualize the strengthening of youth exchanges within the SCO; to identify new challenges and new opportunities for youth cooperation. In this article，the author analyzes China's policy in the field of creating and expanding youth exchange and cooperation platforms，including the creation of a number of branded projects，such as the SCO Youth Exchange Camp，Youth Business Incubator，etc. International youth projects promote the development of youth cooperation in areas such as education， culture， tourism， sports， media， information technology and the digital economy. In the post-epidemic period，against the background of changes in the international landscape，as well as the active development of the digital economy，youth cooperation within the SCO is facing new challenges，and new opportunities are opening up for the organization

Research on the Consumption Mechanism and Strategy of Customized Distribution Service during COVID-19

Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of consumers’ perception of COVID-19 risk on consumers’ willingness to use customized distribution services and get the feasible strategy of customized distribution service enterprises according to the results. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on literature review and theoretical research, the relationship between consumers’ awareness of epidemic risk and their willingness to use customized online distribution service is clarified, and the mediating effect of anxiety of commodity purchase caused by the epidemic and consumers’ awareness of customized distribution service is clarified. Clarify the moderating effect of consumers’ doubts about the transparency of the information provided by the e-commerce platform and the quality of customized distribution service. In the post epidemic period, we should provide practical suggestions for the distribution service industry to seek new business models. Findings – This study clarifies the relationship between consumers’ risk perception of COVID-19(RP) and thewillingness to use customized distribution services, and explains the mediating effect of commodity purchase anxiety and the cognition of customized distribution service and the moderating effect of consumer suspicion. Research Implications – By analyzing the changes of consumers’ psychological and emotional changes combined with safety motivation behaviors in emergencies, we can identify the impact of safety motivation on consumer behavior in emergencies,and explain the changes and reasons of consumer behavior in COVID-19. Based on this, it provides countermeasures for enterprise development and economic recovery after the epidemic.

Impact of Consumer Health Awareness on Dairy Product Purchase Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a reduction in the overall consumption of dairy products in China. How to restore the consumption potential of dairy products and alleviate the serious impact on the dairy market in the post-epidemic period is an urgent problem that needs to be resolved. Based on the survey data of 1780 consumers in 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of China, the Heckman two-stage model was used to empirically test the impact of consumer health awareness on dairy product purchase behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and to further analyze the differences in factors affecting dairy product purchase behavior with the restriction of consumer health awareness. The results showed that the overall level of consumer health awareness after the outbreak of COVID-19 was relatively high. A total of 79% of consumers preferred to buy dairy products after the COVID-19 outbreak, and the proportion of purchased dairy products increased by an average of 17.49%, compared with that before the COVID-19 outbreak. Health change perception, health concern degree, and health habit development in consumer health awareness all have important impacts on the purchase behavior of dairy products. Among them, health change perception and health habit development both positively and significantly affected the purchase intention. Moreover, all three aspects of consumer health awareness positively increased the proportion of dairy product purchases. Difference analysis showed that there were obvious differences among consumer groups with different health awareness in dairy product purchase decisions. Component factor analysis found that, overall, consumer health awareness directly affected the purchase intention and increased the purchase proportion of dairy products. Therefore, policy recommendations are proposed to increase the consumption momentum of dairy products by raising consumer health awareness in the post-epidemic period.

Освіта в умовах пандемії

The education sector in Ukraine, as in most other countries of the world, is facing a global challenge due to the spread of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Educational institutions are in an emergency situation and are forced to switch to distance or mixed learning. As a result, there were difficulties with the implementation of a new alternative model, according to which educational institutions have started to work and provide a wide range of their services. The purpose and novelty of the article is a systematic generalization of the results of the extreme mode of operation of educational institutions during the pandemic to adapt them to the extraordinary situation of functioning and further development. The method of research is the systematization of empirical data on individual practices of different types of educational institutions and, on this ground, determination of the possibility of combining in a holistic operation mechanism in terms of the social justice and effi ciency principles. Th e article analyzes the readiness of the education system for distance learning in the context of a pandemic, determines positions for the regulation and sustainable adjustment of educational institutions, ensuring fair access for various segments of society to online resources, the formation of positive scenarios for the education functioning in the epidemic and post-epidemic period. The paper uses the main theoretical positions formulated in the monograph “COVID 19. Great Overload” by Klaus Schwab, economist, founder and president of the World Economic Forum in Davos since 1971, and his co-author Thierry Muller, a publicist and researcher. One of the main provisions concerning education and its long-term development is that the current crisis is forcing society to realize that most decisions are based on moral and fair choices, and that in the future it is possible to move away from personal interests and create a more harmonious society. The UN materials on the analysis of the COVID-19 consequences for the education system and its reconstruction in the future are also used. The study identifies the dynamics of processes throughout the pandemic. Positive and problematic practices are given. The findings obtained from research and experience can be the basis for developing measures to help education institutions to overcome the “transition period”. The key factors of their stability are the general education services (digital libraries, online education platforms), mobilization of teaching and student contingents to work in new conditions, compliance of financial and distribution mechanisms with the requirements of the time.

Associated Effects of Meaning in Life and Social Adjustment Among Chinese Undergraduate Students With Left-Behind Experiences in the Post-epidemic Period.

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought about radical changes in social life. The study focuses on a special group, Chinese undergraduate students with left-behind experiences. Specifically, the study addresses how such students feel and grasp the meaning in life and how they adapt to the current social environment after experiencing the impermanence of life. The correlation between the meaning in life and social adjustment in the post-epidemic period is evaluated.Methods: The Meaning in Life Scale and the Social Adjustment Scale were used to test 988 undergraduate students. Multi-factor analysis, correlation, regression, and dominance analysis were performed on the test results.Results: (1) During the epidemic, Chinese undergraduate students generally had low meaning in life scores, including below-average values for life goals, and middle-range scores for social adjustment. (2) Having or not having left-behind experiences had an important influence on the meaning in life and social adjustment of undergraduates: undergraduates with left-behind experiences performed better than those without left-behind experiences in terms of meaning in life, while their social adjustment was weaker than those without left-behind experiences. (3) The zest for life and freedom of life of undergraduates in both groups negatively predicted social adjustment, and zest for life preferentially influenced social adjustment. Zest for life also had a significant effect on life value in the group without left-behind experiences. Zest for life was a priority factor influencing social adjustment.Conclusion: The epidemic and left-behind experiences are important factors influencing the relationship between meaning in life and social adjustment among Chinese undergraduate students.

Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the energy sector

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a considerable impact on every industrial sector. As a pillar of economic development, the energy sector is experiencing difficult times during the global pandemic. This paper reviews the impact of the pandemic on the global energy sector in terms of demand, price, employment, government policy, counter-measures, and academic research, and focuses on the two largest energy countries in the world: China and the United States. Although the virus has dramatically impacted the energy sector, action to address climate issues has not been suspended, but has become more urgent than ever. Experts have pointed out that it is time to promote the transition to clean energy vigorously. Thus, here we discuss progress towards clean energy transition, including bioenergy, mineral resources for clean energy techniques, batteries, and electrolyzers. The results indicate that supply chain stability, energy storage, and policymaking during the epidemic period and post-epidemic period are significant challenges for the transition to clean energy. However, the transition can also bring new opportunities for employment, economic recovery, and the human living environment.

Adapted Services by University Libraries from the Lockdown to the Post-Pandemic Period: The Case of USST

As public assembly occupancies, academic libraries in China have been implementing effective strategies in response to the challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic since January 2020, in order to meet the teaching, learning, and researching needs of the faculties and students due to the closure of libraries. The library at the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST) is one of the typical cases with significantly increased user access during the pandemic. In this article, a reflection is made on the emergency measures and endeavours by the library in USST to adapt various services, including digital resources guarantee while working remotely, moving from an offline reference service to online ones, extending circulation from an in-door service to an out-door service, the use of social media, and so on, in order to discuss the emerging problems and to analyze the lessons learned. On this basis, this article proposes suggestions for university libraries to realign their development directions and measures to digital collections and online services as well as to improve the vocational skills of librarians in the post-epidemic period, so as to provide more professional, active, and considerate services in the future.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Global Value Chain of the Manufacturing Industry

This paper adopts the GDYN model to estimate the dynamic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global manufacturing industry and the value chain. Our simulation finds that (1) In the short run, the low-tech manufacturing industries will suffer greater shocks, with a decline of output growth in 2021 by 6.0%. The growth rate of the high-tech manufacturing industry showed an increasing trend of 3.7% in 2021. (2) In the post-epidemic period, the total manufacturing output will return to the baseline level, from which the growth rate of low-tech manufacturing will rebound, demonstrating a V-shaped development trajectory. (3) From the perspective of Global Value Chain (GVC), the participation in GVCs of manufacturers in countries along the Belt and Road, the European Union and the United States will weaken, while China’s manufacturing industry has witnessed an obvious improvement in export competitiveness. The import added value of China has decreased, which shows that its ability to meet domestic demand has been improving. This indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic is providing a crucial opportunity for China to upgrade its manufacturing value chain, which contributes to the accelerated construction of a new dual-cycle development pattern.

Analysis on the Problems and Countermeasures of Online Education and Teaching in Colleges and Universities in the Post-epidemic Period

The outbreak of the new crown epidemic has caused the stagnation of offline teaching, and the popularity of online teaching has doubled. With the effective control of the epidemic, major colleges and universities have begun to open classes, offline education and teaching are in a state of restart, and the popularity of online education has decreased. Effectively improving the shortcomings of online education and teaching, allowing it to continue to give full play to its advantages in the post-epidemic period, and realizing the organic combination of online and offline teaching has become a topic for every college educator to think about. This article focuses on issues related to online education and teaching in colleges and universities in the post-epidemic period.

Impacts of COVID-19 on Informal Workers and National Policies in China

The impact of the epidemic on China's economy is huge. By analyzing the impact of the epidemic on the informal economy and consulting the measures taken by local governments in Sichuan to restore the stall economy in the post epidemic period, this paper classifies and refines the measures made by urban governments of different sizes of cities, puts forward relevant laws, and puts forward opinions and forecasts on the future trend of the stall economy and stall economy in the post epidemic period. Due to the impact of the epidemic, people's awareness of self-protection has increased, local governments have also strengthened prevention and control, and the business of vendors has been seriously affected. The Sichuan case shows that the government's encouragement is an important guarantee for the rapid recovery of the stall economy. At the same time, reasonable control is a necessary means to prevent the recurrence of the epidemic. For the future trend of the stall, it is a trend to set up permitted-vending-places (shudaoqu). Selecting an address according to the nature of the commodity is the guarantee of sales.

Changes in International Student Mobility amid the COVID-19 Pandemic and Response in the China Context

International student mobility is an important indicator of the internationalization of higher education, and an important way to cultivate talents with global has had a huge impact on the mobility of international students. Specifically, the scale of international student mobility has decreased, changes in the geographic pattern of international student mobility have intensified, the form of international student mobility has changed, and the competition in the international study abroad market has intensified. As a major country that sends and receives international students, China has adopted a series of response measures to reduce the impact of the pandemic on international student mobility and has formulated a long-term development strategy to promote the mobility of international students. To promote international student mobility in the post-epidemic period, countries should provide support for international students from home and abroad, promote the diversification of international student mobility, and strengthen internationalization at home.

Peculiarities of the ultrastructure of mixed biofilms of the causing agent of diphtheria and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms isolated from the human respiratory tract.

Modeling of the biofilm formation process was carried out using the strains C.diphtheriae gravis tox+№. 665, C.pseudodiphtheriticum, S.aureus. Biofilm samples were placed on the stage of a scanning electron microscope and gold-sputtered in an EicoIB-3 ioncoater vacuum deposition unit (Eico, Japan) at an ion current of 6-8 mA. The samples obtained were examined in a JEOL 6510LB scanning electronmicroscope. («JEOL» company, Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 30 kV. Electron microscopic examination of samples of biofilms C. diphtheriae gravis tox+ № 665 and opportunistic microorganisms shows groups of 2-7 young bacterial cells packed into a single microcapsule. Much more voluminous accumulations of bacterial cells (more than 10-12) are typical for biofilm samples represented by C. diphtheriae gravis tox+№ 665 and S. aureus cells. On the surface of the biofilm, young bacterial cells with an intact structure are located at various stages of active division. The conglomerates of bacterial cells, covered with a common intermicrobial matrix, adhere tightly to each other and form a multilayer biofilm. Features of the ultrastructure of biofilms containing strains of C. diphtheriae and opportunistic bacteria, especially antibiotic-resistant bacteria inhabiting the respiratory tract, can contribute to long-term persistence of the pathogen of diphtheria in the body. They not only significantly complicate the access of antibacterial drugs, but also interfere with the isolation of C.diphtheriae during bacteriological research.

Research On the Optimization of Community Governance System-Taking the “volunteer + community” Service Model in “COVID-19” Epidemic Prevention and Control as an Example

Community governance is the basic link of social governance and occupies an important position in the national governance system. This paper mainly discusses from three aspects: First, the effectiveness and deficiency of community governance in epidemic prevention and control; Second, the “volunteer + community” service model mechanism; The third is the way to optimize community governance in the post epidemic period.

How is COVID-19 affecting the renewable energy sector and the electric power grid?

It is not new to say that clean energy is better than energy from fossil fuels. What's new is that the world has a unique opportunity to accelerate clean development by putting renewable energy at the center of Covid-19 economic recovery plans. The process began with the individual quarantine of people; the closure of businesses, the decrease in the workforce and cash flow of companies, serious problems in production affected many sectors, including the energy sector, and currently, ongoing construction in power generation facilities has come to a standstill. In this study, it was investigated how the epidemic affected the renewable energy sector. Overall, energy demand fell but did not collapse completely. The most significant impact is felt in production centers and businesses where industrial demand is decreasing, but there is an increase in residential customer demand. Along with the decrease in natural gas prices, the decrease in demand caused the prices in the electricity wholesale markets to decrease. Although the fossil resources demand significantly decreased during the epidemic period, it remains uncertain for the post-epidemic period, there are signs that there may be changes in the global market structure, but the impact on renewable energy investments may be limited. On the renewable energy side, where energy investments have decreased significantly due to the epidemic, many investor companies are suffering from disruptions in the supply chain. However, the recovery of activities in China, the largest producer, will significantly reduce the negative impact in the short term.

Research Methodology for Tourism Destination Resilience and Analysis of Its Spatiotemporal Dynamics in the Post-Epidemic Period

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, the global tourism industry is facing enormous challenges. There is an urgent need to explore an effective path for tourism to recover and revitalize. With the normalization of the epidemic, tourism destinations will pay more attention to the prevention, warning, and coping strategies of the epidemic, and this focus will also be evident in the study of tourism destination resilience in the post-epidemic period. Some studies on the epidemic and the resilience of tourism are currently underway, but few of them are integrated with research on the resilience of tourism destinations in the post-epidemic period, although no systematic research ideas or methods have been found. Based on resilience theory, this paper summarizes the general research ideas and develops an epidemic resilience model suitable for urban tourism destinations. The present study also proposes a set of research methods based on the index system to analyze the resilience and its spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of tourism destinations in the post-epidemic period. The methodology can be divided into three stages: Firstly, construct the conceptual model and evaluation system for tourism destination resilience; Secondly, select case sites for empirical analysis, measure the resilience of tourism destinations, and analyze the characteristics of spatiotemporal differences and subsequent factors of influence; And finally, establish an adaptive management mechanism for tourism destinations to use in response to the epidemic and in guiding the formulation of post-epidemic recovery policies.

Sense of Coherence and Mental Health in College Students After Returning to School During COVID-19: The Moderating Role of Media Exposure.

The COVID-19 pandemic not only threatens people’s physical health, but also affects their mental health in the long term. Although people had returned to work and school, they are closely monitoring the development of the epidemic and taking preventive measures. This study attempted to examine the relationship between media exposure, sense of coherence (SOC) and mental health, and the moderating effect of media exposure in college students after returning to school. In the present study, we conducted a cross sectional survey on 424 college students returning to school around May 2020. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess media exposure scale, SOC, depression, anxiety and stress. Correlation and moderation analysis was conducted. The results showed that (1) negative epidemic information exposure, rather than positive epidemic information exposure, was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. (2) SOC was also associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. (3) The effect of SOC on depression was modified by negative epidemic information exposure. With the increase of negative epidemic information exposure, the predictive effect of SOC on depression is increasing gradually. These findings demonstrated that negative epidemic information exposure was associated with an increased psychological distress in the sample. A high SOC played a certain protective role in the adaptation of college students in the post-epidemic period. It is important to find more ways to increase the colleges’ SOC level and avoid negative information exposure.

An Assessment of Social Distancing Obedience Behavior during the COVID-19 Post-Epidemic Period in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Social distancing plays a critical role in reducing the disease diffusion risk during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period. In order to explore the social distancing obedience behavior, a comprehensive survey was conducted in this study by collecting data from 1064 Chinese residents in January 2021 by means of a questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and hierarchical linear regression (HLR) analyses were employed to investigate the research hypotheses considered, testing the three influencing factors of social distancing obedience behavior: public guidance, risk perception, and regulation punishment. The reliability and validity of the measurements are demonstrated. The outcomes from the conducted analyses show that the public guidance significantly affects risk perception of individuals, while risk perception imposes a positive impact on social distancing obedience behavior. Moreover, risk perception serves a mediating role in the relationship between the public guidance and social distancing obedience behavior. In addition, regulation punishment positively predicts social distancing obedience behavior and could even have a greater effect by enhancing risk perception. Hence, this study suggests that the relevant authorities and agencies implement strong social distancing policies during the COVID-19 post-pandemic period from the perspective of promoting the public guidance, risk perception, and regulation punishment.

Transformation of retail risk in the post-epidemic period

Subject. The article discusses the transformation of retail risks in the post-epidemic period. The pandemic altered the consumer behavior, thus inducing new risks. E-commerce risks are on agenda. However, some other risks were overlooked, though they relate to changes in consumer preferences, strict hygienic requirements, etc Objectives. We look for new retail risks, which emerge as a result of changes in the consumer behavior during the pandemic. We suggest how retail companies should mitigate the risks. Methods. Retail risks were identified through the content analysis of available sources and evaluate their content. Results. We found new retail risks arising from changes in the consumer behavior of people, including cyberattack risks at retail enterprises, sale of counterfeit or low-quality products, theft, etc. Conclusions and Relevance. To mitigate retail risks in the post-epidemic period, companies need to perform some actions. They should establish the internal cybersecurity department, order independent audit, use the AI technology, etc. The above activities will require significant financial resources and professional talent. Therefore, most of the activities are affordable only for large retail chains.

The Key Success Factors for Attracting Foreign Investment in the Post-Epidemic Era

The global economy has been hit by the unexpected COVID-19 outbreak, and foreign investment has been seen as one of the most important tools to boost the economy. However, in the highly uncertain post-epidemic era, determining how to attract foreign investment is the key to revitalizing the economy. What are the important factors for governments to attract investment, and how to improve them? This will be an important decision in the post-epidemic era. Therefore, this study develops a novel decision-making model to explore the key factors in attracting foreign investment. The model first uses fuzzy Delphi to explore the key factors of attracting foreign investment in the post-epidemic era, and then uses DEMATEL to construct the causal relationships among these factors. To overcome the uncertainty of various information sources and inconsistent messages from decision-makers, this study combined neutrosophic set theory to conduct quantitative analysis. The results of the study show that the model is suitable for analyzing the key factors of investment attraction in the post-epidemic period. Based on the results of the study, we also propose strategies that will help the relevant policy-making departments to understand the root causes of the problem and to formulate appropriate investment strategies in advance. In addition, the model is also used for comparative analysis, which reveals that this novel approach can integrate more incomplete information and present expert opinions in a more objective way.