Positive Ties Research Articles

Testing Direct and Indirect Ties of Self-Compassion with Subjective Well-Being

Two studies considered the direct associations between self-compassion and areas of subjective well-being (SWB; experiences of affect, subjective happiness, life satisfaction), among incoming college students (N = 161) and college students across academic levels (N = 143). In each sample, self-compassion was correlated with each report of SWB, after controlling for demographics. Hierarchical regressions tested for direct ties of self-compassion with aspects of SWB beyond demographics, dispositional gratitude, and other areas of SWB. Results suggested that self-compassion was directly and uniquely tied to only subjective happiness across both samples. Lastly, we revisited each sample and explored multiple indirect effects between self-compassion and reports of SWB. We tested effects from self-compassion onto well-being via subjective happiness; a reversed model arrangement of effects from well-being onto self-compassion; and an alternative model that considered positive affect as an intervening variable rather than subjective happiness. Results suggested that the second arrangement of effects from SWB onto self-compassion via subjective happiness was best supported. Significant indirect effects of SWB to self-compassion through positive affect (Sample 2 only), negative affect, and life satisfaction were also supported. Findings reinforced ties between self-compassion and SWB, and suggest a particularly strong association between self-compassion and subjective happiness. This may be due to both constructs involving constructive forms of evaluating challenging experiences and the management of relatedness goals for maintaining reliable, positive ties with others.

Nurture Positive Ties With Public Officials

Nurture Positive Ties With Public Officials

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ РЕСОЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЗАСУДЖЕНИХ ЯК ОДИН ІЗ ВАЖЛИВИХ НАПРЯМІВ ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ РЕЦИДИВНОЇ ЗЛОЧИННОСТІ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the determinants of the successful establishment and functioning of the system of re-socialization of convicts. The relevance of this problem is determined by the contradiction between the need to return prisoners to a full life in society, the need to reproduce their family interaction skills, and the insufficient theoretical, methodological and methodical elaboration of this problem. The goal is to determine the features of resocialization and disclosure of the content and essence of adaptive family relations of convicts as a factor in the prevention of recidivism in modern scientific, theoretical and practical conditions of activity and functioning of the social and legal state. It has been determined that one of the most important aspects of the return of persons serving a sentence to a full-fledged life in society is the reproduction of their skills of adaptive social interaction, including adequate family behavior, correction of permanent and rigid role and behavioral stereotypes. The family relationship of the convicted person is considered as one of the reasons for his criminal behavior and the object of early prevention of unlawful behavior. Among the features of the family relations of convicts, the following characteristic is singled out: a significant weakening of their positive ties in society. The study led to the conclusion that the restoration of socially useful relations and the formation of adaptive family behavior, the legal status of the released without the provision of effective assistance is impossible. The resocialization of persons released from places of deprivation of liberty involves the active management of this process by penitentiary institutions and state bodies, the elimination or neutralization of negative factors that impede the return of persons who have served their sentences to socially useful activities. A comprehensive approach to the process of resocialization and to the study of this socio-legal category in modern conditions of humanization and democratization of society is needed.

Asocial balance\u2014how your friends determine your enemies: understanding the co-evolution of friendship and enmity interactions in a virtual world

Social interactions take place simultaneously through different interaction types, such as communication, friendship, trade, exchange, enmity, revenge, etc. These interactions can be conveniently described with time-dependent multi-layer networks. Little is known about the dynamics of social network formation on single layers. How the dynamics on one layer is coupled to and influences the dynamics on another layer is a completely unexplored territory. This is mainly due to the lack of comprehensive microscopic interaction data on time-dependent multi-layer networks. In this work, we study a unique dataset of 350,000 odd players in a massive multi-player online game, for which we know practically every social interaction event. We focus on the dynamics of friendship interactions and how they are coupled to the dynamics of enmity interactions. We are able to identify the driving processes behind the joint network formation of friendship and enmity links. The essential mechanisms turn out to be specific triadic closure rules. We propose a simple dynamical model that allows us to predict not only the correct levels of social balance but also the detailed simultaneous structural properties of the friendship and enmity networks, including their degree distributions, clustering coefficients and nearest neighbor degrees. While the formation of new friendship links can be largely understood on the basis of structural features of the friendship network alone, this is not true for enmity networks. The formation of enmity links is driven by the need to socially balance triadic relations that contain negative and positive interactions. Networks of enmity relations can only be understood structurally in the context of the positive social ties they are embedded in.

<br /><br />PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE MENTAL E INCLUSÃO SOCIAL EM IDOSOS ATRAVÉS DA EDUCAÇÃO SOCIAL<br /> PROMOTION OF MENTAL HEALTH AND SOCIAL INCLUSION IN THE ELDERLY THROUGH SOCIAL EDUCATION

Objective: To understand how Social Education promotes the social inclusion and mental health of the elderly of a Unidade de Longa Duracao e Manutencao of the Rede Nacional de Cuidados Continuados Integrados. Methods: research study action in which data collection was performed through documentary research, direct observation, informal conversations, semi-structured interviews. It was counted on the participation of elderly women between the ages of 65 and 94 and employees of the unit. Results: It was verified that the aging of the elderly is not happening in an active and successful way. In the application of Mental Health Inventory, two patients do not present symptoms, one presents moderate symptoms with values indicative of depression and the other patient presented total results of severe symptoms, with values indicative of lack of positive affection and emotional ties. In Barthel’s Modified Scale only one user has a total dependency. The collaborators express difficulties in articulating social education activities that promote mental health and the inclusion of the elderly. Conclusions: It was possible to understand the importance of the collaborators with competences that promote Social Inclusion and Mental Health, at a time when the physical and psychological losses of the elderly decisively influence the well-being and quality of life of the users. Keywords: Aging, mental health; quality of life; social work.

Why Do I Feel Torn About My Team? The Origins and Consequences of Individual Team Ambivalence

In spite of the recent interest in affect in teams and organizations, ambivalence as an affect-related team concept has been rarely studied. The seemingly incompatible coexistence of positive and negative feelings bears negative consequences to individuals due to its uncertain and conflicting nature. Taking this to the team context, we introduce individual team ambivalence, which we define as a psychological state of tension and conflict in which strong positive and negative feelings toward a team exist in the same individual at the same time. In order to shed light on the origins and consequences of team members’ ambivalence about the team as a whole, we have developed a conceptual model of individual team ambivalence. Results of a study with 22 teams in a construction company show that individuals’ perceptions of team psychological safety foster individual team ambivalence through two different configurations of individuals’ positive and negative ties with other team members: within-tie and between-tie ...

Network ties and survival

Poultry farming has been touted as one of the major ways by which poverty can be reduced in low-income economies like Ghana. Yet, anecdotally there is a high failure rate among these poultry farms. This current study seeks to understand the relationship between network ties and survival chances of small commercial poultry farms (SCPFs). We utilize data from a 2-year network survey of SCPFs in rural Ghana. The survival of these poultry farms are modelled using a lagged probit model of farms that persisted from 2014 into 2015. We find that network ties are important to the survival chances of the SCPFs in Ghana. Distribution ties are associated with negative survival chances and this is not even reversed if the human capital of the owner increases although managers with higher human capital and higher distribution ties experience positive effects. Industry ties are associated with positive ties but this probability reduces as the number of industry ties increases but moderation with dynamic capability of the firm reverses this trend. Our findings show that not all network ties aid survival and therefore small commercial poultry farmers need to be circumspect in the network ties they cultivate and develop.

Relationship Quality with Parents: Implications for Own and Partner Well-Being in Middle-Aged Couples.

Relationships with parents have significant implications for well-being throughout the lifespan. At midlife, these ties are situated within both developmental and family contexts that often involve the adult offspring's spouse. Yet, it is not known how ties with aging parents are related to psychological well-being within middle-aged couples. This study examined how middle-aged wives' and husbands' views of the current quality of relationships with their own parents (positive and negative) are linked to their own and their partner's psychological well-being. Using a sample of 132 middle-aged couples from Wave 1 of the Family Exchanges Study, we estimated actor-partner interdependence models to evaluate these dyadic associations while controlling for each spouse's marital satisfaction. Both actor and partner effects were observed. With respect to actor effects, wives who reported more negative relationship quality with their own parents had elevated depressive symptoms and lower life satisfaction. Husbands who reported more negative relationship quality with their own parents had lower life satisfaction. In terms of partner effects, husbands had lower depressive symptoms and greater life satisfaction when wives reported more positive relationship quality with their own parents. Finally, the link between wives' positive ties with parents and husbands' lower depressive symptoms was intensified when husbands had less positive relationships with their own parents. Findings suggest that relationship quality with wives' aging parents has implications for both spouses' well-being and may serve as a critical social resource for husbands.

Identificação do relacionamento entre melhoria contínua e a aprendizagem organizacional na indústria de linha branca dos níveis 1º e 2º da cadeia produtiva

O artigo objetiva identificar relações entre maturidade da melhoria contínua e aprendizagem organizacional na indústria. Analisa a contribuição desses fatores para a eliminação de barreiras que comprometam a qualidade dos processos e produtos em uma cadeia produtiva. A metodologia baseou-se em pesquisa qualitativa realizada em três empresas atuantes na cadeia de eletrodomésticos de linha branca, produtor, fornecedor e seu fornecedor. Aplicaram-se dois questionários nas três empresas pesquisadas, em funcionários com cargos de chefia nas áreas de produção, qualidade e engenharia. O questionário "Guia para Verificação da Melhoria Contínua na Organização", semiestruturado, contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas busca identificar habilidades organizacionais para melhoria contínua, caracterizando a organização quanto ao Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade, evidenciando os diferentes processos de aprendizagem organizacional. O questionário "Diagnóstico do Nível de Excelência Organizacional em Melhoria Contínua", estruturado, contendo perguntas fechadas, visa medir em qual dos 5 níveis de maturidade organizacional em melhoria contínua se encontra cada empresa, detalhando suas habilidades e comportamentos constitutivos. Concluiu-se que a maturidade em melhoria contínua está ligada positivamente à aprendizagem organizacional. As empresas que possuem boas práticas em aprendizagem organizacional se localizam nos melhores níveis de maturidade em melhoria continua.

Associations between social identity diversity, compatibility, and recovery capital amongst young people in substance use treatment

This study explored associations between group memberships and recovery capital amongst 20 young adults aged 18 to 21years in residential alcohol and drug treatment. MethodParticipants completed an interviewer administered research interview based on measures of recovery capital and a social networks assessment mapping group memberships, group substance use, and relationships between groups. ResultsHigher personal and social recovery capital was associated with lower diversity of group memberships, a higher number of positive links between groups, and greater compatibility of lower substance-using groups with other groups in the network. Higher compatibility of heavier-using groups was also associated with having a higher number of negative, antagonistic ties between groups. ConclusionsThese findings indicate that it is higher compatibility of a lower substance-using social identity and lower-using group memberships that contributes to recovery capital. Further, positive ties between groups and lower diversity of group memberships appear to be key aspects in how multiple social identities that are held by young adults relate to personal and social recovery capital.

Relationship Quality Between Older Fathers and Middle-Aged Children: Associations With Both Parties' Subjective Well-Being.

Relationships between fathers and their children are salient to both parties throughout the life course. Yet little is known about how these ties may affect well-being in later life. This study examined the implications of aging fathers' and middle-aged children's perceptions of father-child relationship quality for their own and the other party's well-being. Using a sample of 103 fathers (M = 77.88 years) and their children (M = 49.92 years) drawn from Wave 1 of the Family Exchanges Study, we estimated actor-partner interdependence models to evaluate associations between each party's perceptions of father-child relationship quality and their well-being. Fathers had elevated depressive symptoms when they reported more negative relationships with children. This association was exacerbated for fathers of daughters when daughters reported a highly negative relationship. Fathers had better self-rated health, however, when they reported more positive relationships with daughters. Children had elevated depressive symptoms and lower life satisfaction when they reported more negative ties with fathers. Finally, sons had lower depressive symptoms when they reported more positive ties with fathers. Findings suggest that father-child relationship quality has significant implications for the well-being of both aging fathers and middle-aged daughters or sons.

Unpacking team performance: The role of positive and negative network ties

To accomplish key objectives, organizations frequently rely on work teams. This study of social networks and team performance sought to make two distinct contributions to theory: simultaneously res...

Impact of License Course Takers’ Learning Motive on Their Satisfaction with Education Content, Satisfaction with Education Environment

The study aimed to analyze the effect that licensing course takers (hereinafter, “LC Takers”) have on their satisfaction with the educational contents and environment. The object of the study was 109 male and female LC Takers in the lifelong education institutions affiliated in the capital region of Korea. Data were collected in order to analyze the influences between factors, using the methods of multiple regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, the following findings have been obtained: The older the LC Takers, the higher their satisfaction with the educational content; the higher the LC Takers’monthly family income, the lower their satisfaction with the educational environment; and the more learning-oriented the LC takers, the higher their satisfaction with the educational environment. Received (September 22, 2015), Review Result(October 13, 2015) Accepted(October 21, 2015), Published(December 31, 2015) 16995 Dept. Westminster Graduate School of Theology, Jukjeon Dongbaek, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Korea email: seaedumu@naver.com Impact of License Course Takers’ Learning Motive on Their Satisfaction with Education Content, Satisfaction with Education Environment Copyright c 2015 HSST 268 Given these outcomes, in order to efficiently enhance the LC Takers’ satisfaction with the education, it is necessary to develop textbooks suitable for the LC takers’ learning motive and for each of their age groups, supplement curricula and teaching methods, and improve the educational environment. Furthermore, educational administration systems need to be reorganized in such a way that follow-up management may be provided for those who have completed licensing courses and that positive ties with job-related activities in work fields may be formed. And a systematic education support system needs to be established for these purposes and be maintained on a continual basis.

Depression and infrequent participation in social activities among older adults: the moderating role of high-quality familial ties

Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to investigate whether depression is associated with reduced participation in social activities among older adults. Additionally, this study assesses whether high-quality familial ties diminish the negative association between depression and social activities.Methods: Using cross-sectional telephone interview data from a sample of individuals 60 years of age and older in Arizona and Florida (N = 2000), this study estimates a series of linear regression models to assess the relationship between depression and social activities, and test whether this association is conditioned by high-quality familial ties using multiplicative interaction terms.Results: As expected, an inverse relationship between depression and social activities is observed. Delving deeper, the regression models reveal that the depression–inactivity association is weaker among older individuals with strong, positive ties to spouses and children. Additional tests demonstrate the mere of existence of familial bonds provides no meaningful benefit – the quality of such ties matters.Conclusion: Findings support the theoretical argument that high-quality familial ties provide supportive coping resources that buffer individuals from the undesirable consequences associated with depression. Moving forward, longitudinal research on the causal links between depression and infrequent participation in social and leisure activities among older adults is warranted.

Community Detection in Signed Networks: the Role of Negative ties in Different Scales.

Extracting community structure of complex network systems has many applications from engineering to biology and social sciences. There exist many algorithms to discover community structure of networks. However, it has been significantly under-explored for networks with positive and negative links as compared to unsigned ones. Trying to fill this gap, we measured the quality of partitions by introducing a Map Equation for signed networks. It is based on the assumption that negative relations weaken positive flow from a node towards a community, and thus, external (internal) negative ties increase the probability of staying inside (escaping from) a community. We further extended the Constant Potts Model, providing a map spectrum for signed networks. Accordingly, a partition is selected through balancing between abridgment and expatiation of a signed network. Most importantly, multi-scale spectrum of signed networks revealed how informative are negative ties in different scales, and quantified the topological placement of negative ties between dense positive ones. Moreover, an inconsistency was found in the signed Modularity: as the number of negative ties increases, the density of positive ties is neglected more. These results shed lights on the community structure of signed networks.

The Two Waves of Russian-Jewish Migration from the USSR/FSU to Israel: Dissidents of the 1970s and Pragmatics of the 1990s

Drawing on a hybrid view of migrant generations (demographic and historical/political), I examine generational dynamics among Russian-Jewish immigrants in Israel. The first wave of Soviet Jewish migration to Israel in the early 1970s (some 150,000 migrants) was catalyzed by a surge of Zionist sentiment after Israel’s victory in 1967 and enabled by strong political pressure on the USSR from the West. Reflecting their Zionist persuasion, the 1970s arrivals often discarded their former identities, switched to Hebrew, and soon integrated into Israel’s social mainstream. By contrast, the 1990s wave was set in motion by the political turmoil and economic hardships of the postcommunist transition, while Zionist ideals were secondary to most emigres. About 1 million ex-Soviets of Jewish descent migrated to Israel as the most accessible destination throughout the 1990s. They have kept intense and positive ties with their former homeland, in part because one-third of them are Russians married to Jews or mixed ethnics and have family members remaining in the Former Soviet Union. At the same time, their integration in Israel has been fraught with problems. The different attitudes toward the ex-homeland among the parental generations of the 1970s and 1990s have influenced the extent of Russian cultural continuity among their children born in Israel.

The Two Waves of Russian-Jewish Migration from the USSR/FSU to Israel: Dissidents of the 1970s and Pragmatics of the 1990s

Drawing on a hybrid view of migrant generations (demographic and historical/political), I examine generational dynamics among Russian-Jewish immigrants in Israel. The first wave of Soviet Jewish migration to Israel in the early 1970s (some 150,000 migrants) was catalyzed by a surge of Zionist sentiment after Israel’s victory in 1967 and enabled by strong political pressure on the USSR from the West. Reflecting their Zionist persuasion, the 1970s arrivals often discarded their former identities, switched to Hebrew, and soon integrated into Israel’s social mainstream. By contrast, the 1990s wave was set in motion by the political turmoil and economic hardships of the post-communist transition, while Zionist ideals were secondary to most émigrés. About 1 million ex-Soviets of Jewish descent migrated to Israel as the most accessible destination throughout the 1990s. They have kept intense and positive ties with their former homeland, in part because one-third of them are Russians married to Jews or mixed ethnics and have family members remaining in the Former Soviet Union. At the same time, their integration in Israel has been fraught with problems. The different attitudes toward the ex-homeland among the parental generations of the 1970s and 1990s have influenced the extent of Russian cultural continuity among their children born in Israel.

The Right of Return: Chinese displaced persons and the International Refugee Organization, 1947–56

AbstractThis article examines the rise of the international refugee regime in Asia, focusing on the work of the International Refugee Organization in repatriating overseas Chinese from mainland China back to their homes in Southeast Asia from 1947 to 1956. It looks both at how the International Refugee Organization inherited this repatriation project from its predecessor—the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration—and its survival after a civil war installed a new, Communist government on the Chinese mainland. Doing so reveals the extent to which both Chinese governments had to rely on outside assistance to fulfil an important task of maintaining positive ties between Chinese abroad and the homeland. Using research from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs archives in Beijing and Taipei, as well as records from relevant parties in the British and American governments, this article places the repatriation programme and the larger efforts of the International Refugee Organization in Asia in a broader context of regional foreign relations and the origins of the Cold War.

Mongolia and the United States: a diplomatic history

Former U.S. ambassador Jonathan Addleton provides a pioneering firsthand look at the remarkable growth of civil society and diplomatic ties between two countries separated by vast distances yet sharing a growing list of strategic interests and values. While maintaining positive ties with Russia and China, its powerful and still-dominant trading partners, Mongolia has sought third neighbors to help provide balance, including Canada, Japan, Korea, European nations, and the United States. For its part, the United States has supported Mongolia as an emerging democracy while fostering development and commercial relations. People-to-people ties have significantly expanded in recent years, as has a security partnership that supports Mongolia's emergence as a provider of military peacekeepers under the U.N. flag in Sierra Leone, Chad, Kosovo, Darfur, South Sudan, and elsewhere. While focusing on diplomatic relations over the last quarter century, Addleton also briefly describes American encounters with Mongolia over the past 150 years. More recently, Mongolia has emerged as a magnet for foreign investment, making it one of the world's fastest growing economies.

Moving Considerations of Middle-Class Residents in Dutch Disadvantaged Neighborhoods: Exploring the Relationship between Disorder and Attachment

A central assumption in the residential mobility literature is that residents in disadvantaged neighborhoods will leave as soon as they are financially able, as a result of ‘residential stress’ related to physical and social disorder in these neighborhoods. However, this assumption contradicts the continuing presence of a substantial share of middle-class residents in disadvantaged urban neighborhoods in the Netherlands. A qualitative study amongst middle-class residents in disadvantaged areas in Amsterdam and The Hague explored whether and how the residential context plays a role in their decision-making process about moving, focusing particularly on the way in which perceptions of neighborhood disorder on the one hand and processes of neighborhood attachment on the other shape moving decisions. In contrast to what was expected based on the research literature, perceptions of neighborhood disorder do not ‘push’ people out and positive ties to the neighborhood do not keep people there. Rather, a lack of attachment seems to ‘shield’ residents from neighborhood disorder and reduces their propensity to move out.