Positive Growth Effects Research Articles

Morocco’s Economic Prospects: A Dynamic ARDL Simulation on Global Value Chain Integration

Abstract This paper examines how Morocco’s integration into global value chains (GVCs) impacts its economic development, addressing a critical gap in the literature on developing economies. While GVCs have transformed international trade over the past two decades and created new industrialisation opportunities, their developmental impact varies significantly across countries. Building on previous research, our study fills a significant gap by conducting a comprehensive analysis of Morocco’s GVC participation using a dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulation methodology from 1990 to 2018, examining the relationship between various GVC integration measures and GDP per capita. The empirical analysis reveals three key findings : backward linkages through foreign value added in exports drive long-term economic development ; domestic value added in exports generates significant positive long-run growth effects ; and forward linkages through indirect value added in exports produce both short-run and long-run economic benefits. These results demonstrate that Morocco’s strategic GVC integration has been fundamental to its economic development. In light of these findings, policy implications are drawn to enhance Morocco’s global competitiveness and optimize development benefits through targeted GVC participation strategies. The research emphasizes how balanced integration across different value chain linkages promotes sustainable economic growth in developing countries.

Economic Effects Assessment of Forest City Construction: Empirical Evidence from the County-Level Areas in China

Forests are both an irreplaceable natural resource and a vital economic asset for all humankind. Based on the data of counties in mainland China from 2007 to 2020, the article explores the direct impact and spatial spillover effects of the policy implementation on the economic growth of counties with the help of the forest city pilot policy and the policy evaluation model. The results reveal that policy implementation can have a positive economic growth effect on the pilot counties, which, in turn, can significantly increase the size of the county′s GDP, the level of GDP per capita, and the total amount of nighttime lighting brightness. The implementation of forest city construction can bring about 2.74% of total GDP size, about 2.63% of per capita GDP development level, and about 7.25% of nighttime light brightness to the county on average. Cost–benefit analysis also indicates that forest city construction can bring about a comprehensive economic benefit of approximately CNY 686.453 million (approximately USD 96.82 million) to the counties. The rapid improvement in labor productivity, significant influx of high-end factors, and continuous expansion of market potential are important mechanisms through which policy implementation promotes economic growth in pilot counties. While promoting economic growth in the pilot counties, forest city construction can also have positive spatial spillover effects on neighboring areas in the pilot counties. Furthermore, when the deficits in atmospheric vapor pressure and annual evapotranspiration are used as instrumental variables for forest city construction, the empirical estimates are not significantly altered. In the process of building forest cities, county governments should be wary of issues such as the high cost of forest maintenance. This study provides a Chinese model and policy reference for other countries and regions in the world to deal with the relationship between forest city construction and county economic growth.

Public R&D and Growth: A dynamic Panel Vector-Error-Correction Model Analysis for 14 OECD Countries

This paper addresses the controversial issue of the direct and indirect effects of public R&D on growth. We look at six variables of R&D-driven growth jointly for 14 OECD countries using methods of dynamic systems for panel data analysis: GDP, technical change, domestic and foreign businesses and public R&D. Cointegration tests suggest four long-run relations for the six variables. We estimate these relations using group mean versions of fully modified and dynamic OLS. Domestic public R&D has positive long-run regression coefficients for direct effects on productivity and indirect ones via private R&D. Here, we build a panel vector-error-correction model with these long-term relations. Shocks to domestic public R&D enhance domestic private R&D, technical change and the GDP. Permanent changes in foreign public and private R&D have positive growth effects, which are transitional for foreign public R&D.

Konsumsi Energi Fosil Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi

The research aims to determine the correlation between fossil energy consumption and economic growth in Indonesia. The data uses in this research was a 6-year period, of secondary data, starting form 2018 to 2023, obtained from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) for the fossil energy consumption variable and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for the economic growth variable. The analytical method used in this research was simple linear regression analysis using SPSS 24 software tools. The research results showed that fossil energy consumption had a positive effect in Indonesia economic growth. The research indicated that fossil energy consumption was able to increase Indonesian economic growth by 64,7%. Keywords: energy consumption (fossil), economic growth

Carbon nanoparticle exposure strengthens water-relation parameters by stimulating abscisic acid pathway and aquaporins genes in rice

Mechanism of action and molecular basis of positive growth effects including yield increase due to carbon nanoparticle (CNP) treatment in rice plants is dissected here. CNP at 500 -750 µg/mL were found to be the optimum dosages showing best seedling growth. CNP treatment resulted increase in stomata size, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency along with low relative humidity, decrease in stomata frequency and internal CO2 concentration. CNP-coupled with water uptake was found to be endocytosis mediated, although CNP uptake was not affected by endocytosis inhibitor application in roots. Genomic analysis resulted major involvement of ABA pathway and stomata size and frequency genes in Arabidopsis and rice. Elevated endogenous ABA in rice seedlings and flag leaves along with increased expression of ABA biosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis and rice AtNCED3, AtNCED6, OsNCED1 confirmed increased ABA synthesis. Negative regulators of ABA pathway, OsSNRK2 down-regulation and up-regulation of stomagen (OsEPFL9) reconfirmed ABA's involvement. CNP treatment exerted cold tolerance in seedlings and water stress tolerance in reproductive stage. CNP treatment under water withheld condition resulted water stress tolerance by maintaining lower stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and higher relative water content. Increased ABA (OsSNRK1, OsSNRK2) and aquaporin (OsPIP2–5 and OsPIP1–3) genes’ expressions could explain the better water stress tolerance in rice plants treated with CNP. Altogether, due to thermomorphogenesis, down-regulation of Phytochrome B transcript resulted altered the ABA pathway and stomatal distribution with size (Graphical Abstract). These changes resulted improved water relation parameters and water use efficiency (WUE) showing improvement in yield. Detailed mechanism of action of CNP in abiotic stress tolerance can be exploited using nano-agriculture at field level.

Why knowledge integration ability differs: team co-creation and sharing climate as a mediating variable

The richness of material life and the progress of digital technology have largely promoted the development of the knowledge economy, and the team's ability to integrate knowledge has increasingly become the key to the competitive advantage of enterprises, and the knowledge base theory also points out that knowledge is the core resource for enterprises to participate in the competition, especially the importance of tacit knowledge is more and more highlighted nowadays. Therefore, this study was conducted based on 528 valid questionnaires and tested the hierarchical regression model with the help of SPSS. The study reveals the mechanism of the positive effect of corporate structural flexibility on team knowledge integration ability and the realisation path of the positive effect of employees' career growth on team knowledge integration ability and finds for the first time that the use of digital technology weakens the positive effect of structural flexibility on team knowledge integration ability.

ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF INCOME INEQUALITY

The trickle-down effect assumes that the progress of a group of people will automatically trickle down, thus creating jobs which in turn will promote the necessary conditions for equitable economic growth. However, previous studies on the association between economic growth and poverty have shown inconclusive results.This study fills the gap of the above research differences by introducing income inequality as a moderating variable in the relationship between economic growth and poverty. Secondary data from 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2016-2020 period were analyzed using panel data moderated regression. The results showed that while simple linear regression model indicates positive significant effect of economic growth on poverty, the interaction between economic growth and income inequality shows negative significant effect on poverty. This paper concludes that income inequality as measured by the Gini index moderates the effect of economic growth on poverty which supports the importance of inclusive economic growth.

The Relationship Between Energy Consumption, Population and Economic Growth in Developing Countries

The need for energy is increasing due to population growth and industrialization. The scarcity of energy resources on earth has pushed countries to research alternative energy sources and take new measures regarding energy. In the study, the relationship between variables was investigated using population, economic growth and energy consumption data of 7 countries in the developing countries category (China, India, South Africa, Indonesia, Turkey, Mexico, Thailand). The direction and magnitude of the impact of economic growth and population growth on energy consumption were examined using 1990-2022 data for 7 countries. The relationship between the variables was examined with Swamy's Random Coefficients Model and Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) models, and the positive effect of economic growth on energy consumption was observed. The parameter of the economic growth variable varies between 0.49% and 0.81% for countries. However, it was concluded that the population variable had no effect on energy consumption in the 2 countries included in the analysis. The population variable is significant in explaining energy consumption at the 5% significance level for South Africa, Mexico and Thailand, and at the 10% significance level for Turkey and China, its statistically insignificant for India and Indonesia.

Monetary policy in a Schumpeterian economy with endogenous fertility and human capital accumulation

This study investigates the growth and welfare effects of monetary policy in a Schumpeterian economy featuring cash-in-advance (CIA) constraints and two engines of growth: innovation from R&D and human capital accumulation from endogenous fertility. Our theoretical analysis considers the cases of various CIA constraints. When the CIA constraint is only on consumption, higher inflation retards economic growth by weakening human capital accumulation. When the CIA constraint is only on R&D, higher inflation would generate a negative or U-shaped effect on economic growth, depending on the interplay between inflationary effects on innovation and human capital accumulation. When the CIA constraint is only on manufacturing, the growth effect of inflation could be positive (negative) if the positive growth effect from technological progress dominates (is dominated by) the negative effect from human capital accumulation. Our quantitative analysis finds a generally negative inflation-growth relationship in the calibrated economy. Moreover, the welfare effect of inflation is also negative, implying that the Friedman rule is optimal.

Energy-focused green climate policies and trade nexus:Do heterogeneous effects on clean energy poverty matter?

This study empirically examined the relationship between energy-focused climate policies (EFC) and trade (TR) in 65 of the world's top renewable energy generation countries using data ranging from 1995 to 2022. The cross-sectional augmented distributed lags (CS-DL) results revealed positive effects of EFC on both employment and economic growth. It also proves the positive effects of both employment and economic growth on trade. The Dumitrescu Hurlin test confirmed the feedback causality within indirect effects. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) allowed us to show that employment and economic growth mediate the EFC and TR. All the SEM results were robust due to the positive heterogeneous effects obtained from panel quantile regression. The results also confirmed the presence of heterogeneous effects of EFC and TR on clean energy poverty. Furthermore, the study suggests promoting more incentives, investment, and monitoring in renewable energy resource infrastructure, carbon finance, and energy efficiency to promote trade and reduce clean energy poverty in the long run.

Green GDP accounting system from the perspective of resources and environment and a case study of Chongqing

Abstract Green GDP represents the net positive effect of national economic growth. The positive effect of national economic growth will be enhanced if there is a higher percentage of green GDP in GDP. From the perspective of resources and environment, this paper introduces SEEA-2012 accounting system with indirect calculating methods of green GDP in China, within which the value of natural resource depletion, environmental pollution damage and environmental quality degradation are included. In order to reasonably select valid indicators and data so as to get accurate accounting results, different valuation methods and operational formulas in economics are adopted to construct a new accounting system model, and the green GDP of Chongqing City in 2018-2020 is accounted for. Results show that the green GDP of Chongqing in recent three years is 1,838.889 billion Yuan, 1,964.724 billion Yuan and 2,111.2 billion Yuan, respectively, and proportions of green GDP in traditional GDP are 90.30%, 91.01% and 89.44% respectively. By studying and analyzing the dependence of Chongqing on natural resources and the ecological environment in the process of economic development, this paper provides theoretical support for the sustainable development of the urban economy and environment, provides a reference basis for the local government to formulate economic development planning, and also provides a reference for the construction of green GDP accounting system in similar ecological areas.

ON THE THRESHOLD BETWEEN GOVERNMENT SIZE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM TANZANIA

This paper sought to empirically investigate the relationship between government size and economic growth in Tanzania by using annual time series data for the period 1967-2020, a period for which reliable data was available. Estimation by Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds cointegration approach revealed the existence of a long-run and short-run relationship between economic growth, government size and other covariates of the estimation model. The results revealed the long-run effect of government size on economic growth was negative and was positive when it increased, suggesting the inexistence of a BARS curve in Tanzania during the sample period. Even though, the results supported the conventional views that price stability and openness of the economy are good for economic growth. While the results revealed the existence of a positive effect of population growth on economic growth, the effect of gross domestic investment was unexpectedly negative, both over the short and long-run period. The results suggest quadrupling the government size (consumption) is good for growth over the long run but not over the short run period. Also, the importance of price stability and commitment to openness of the economy to promote economic growth is underscored by the results.

Foreign Direct Investment, Public Debt and Economic Growth in Developing Countries

This study focuses on the FDI-public debt-economic growth nexus in developing countries. Twostep system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation is applied in dynamic panel data models using a dataset covering 67 developing countries in the period from 2000 to 2019. The findings reveal that FDI is a growth stimulus factor and the growth effect of public debt is nonlinear. While FDI enhances the positive growth effect of public debt, public debt impedes FDI-induced growth. In country groups by region, public debt has a largest negative impact on the growth effect of FDI in African, while in Asian and Latin American countries, this impact is less. In country groups by income level, the impact of public debt on FDI growth effect is negative in middle income countries and none in high income countries. FDI extends the range of positive growth effect of public debt in middle income countries while it reduces the negative growth effect of public debt in high income countries.

Does Economic Growth Attract FDI Inflows? A Dynamic Panel Analysis

Economic growth is deemed to be a conducive factor in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) as it often confers location advantage to host countries and fosters business confidence. This paper examines the short-run and the long-run effects of economic growth on FDI inflows. The empirical analysis is conducted through the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) System estimator for dynamic panel models. The main results show significant positive effects of economic growth on FDI inflows, and they indicate that the magnitudes of these effects are statistically comparable over time and do not diminish with higher economic growth levels. They also reveal important variations in the magnitude of these effects across geo-economic regions and over pertinent economic variables such as economic development level, international trade and foreign investment openness, and endowment in natural resources. These findings underscore the significance of developing growth-enhancing policies that are designed on the basis of the economic and geo-economic characteristics of host countries. Such policies could be coupled with international trade and foreign investment openness directions to stimulate stronger responses of FDI inflows to economic growth and mitigate the implications of unfavorable global and regional political conditions.

How Do Remittance Inflows Cause the Dutch Disease in the Financial Sector? The Role of Financial Risk and Human Capital

This research examines whether the remittance (REM) inflows cause Dutch disease and how it affects financial development (FD). The sample consists of the top global REM recipients, namely China, Egypt, India, Mexico and the Philippines, based on the latest World Bank data from 1990 to 2019. This study employs three econometric models to evaluate the REM inflows’ impact on FD. Using the cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) estimation technique, we reveal that the REM inflows have impeded FD and have triggered Dutch disease issues in the financial sectors. Furthermore, the estimation found a positive effect of economic growth, globalization, human capital and financial risks on FD across all models, both in the short and long runs. In addition, the interplay among the REM, human capital, and financial risks also facilitates FD. The study suggests that robust resource flows and price adjustment processes tackle the hazard of deteriorating FD and emphasize the Dutch disease’s effects on the top REM recipients.

Insights into the molecular mechanism of Trichoderma stimulating plant growth and immunity against phytopathogens.

Trichoderma species have received significant interest as beneficial fungi for boosting plant growth and immunity against phytopathogens. By establishing a mutualistic relationship with plants, Trichoderma causes a series of intricate signaling events that eventually promote plant growth and improve disease resistance. The mechanisms contain the indirect or direct involvement of Trichoderma in enhancing plant growth by modulating phytohormones signaling pathways, improving uptake and accumulation of nutrients, and increasing soil bioavailability of nutrients. They contribute to plant resistance by stimulating systemic acquired resistance through salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene signaling. A cascade of signal transduction processes initiated by the interaction of Trichoderma and plants regulate the expression of defense-related genes, resulting in the synthesis of defense hormones and pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs), which collectively improve plant resistance. Additionally, advancements in omics technologies has led to the identification of key pathways, their regulating genes, and molecular interactions in the plant defense and growth promotion responses induced by Trichoderma. Deciphering the molecular mechanism behind Trichoderma's induction of plant defense and immunity is essential for harnessing the full plant beneficial potential of Trichoderma. This review article sheds light on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the positive effects of Trichoderma-induced plant immunity and growth and opens new opportunities for developing environmentally friendly and innovative approaches to improve plant immunity and growth.

The Effect of Real Exchange Rate on Current Account

This research studies the impact of real Gross Domestic Production (GDP) and real exchange rate on the Current Account position in Jordan, during the quarterly periods from 2008 to 2022. The study reviews the literature on the theoretical framework around the impact of real GDP and fluctuations of the real exchange rate on the current account status. This study describes the performance of the current account during the study period and applies the appropriate econometric tests to an economic model. The main results show a significant, positive effect of real GDP growth in improving the status and sustainability of the current account; output growth indicates an increase in production leading to higher levels of exports and lower levels of imports. The results did not show a significant effect of the real exchange rate on the current account position, which is largely attributed to the stabilization policy of exchange rate pursued by the Central Bank of Jordan since October 1995.

Impact of Economic Growth, Minimum Wage, and Human Development Index on Unemployment in India during the Post-Reform Era

Analyzing the impact of Economic Growth, Minimum Wage, and Human Development Index on Unemployment in India during the Post-Reform Period (1990-2021), this study aims to examine the relationship between economic growth, minimum wage, and the Human Development Index (HDI) as independent variables, and the unemployment rate as the dependent variable in India. By employing quantitative techniques and utilizing secondary data, we investigate these variables' short- and long-term effects on unemployment. We employed the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) as the analytical tool and focused on the post-reform period, spanning from 1990 to 2021. Economic growth, minimum wage, and HDI were identified as the key factors influencing the unemployment rate. The findings revealed a significant and positive impact of economic growth on the unemployment rate, both in the short and long term. On the other hand, the minimum wage variable exhibited a negative impact, albeit statistically insignificant, on the unemployment rate in the short term. Similarly, the HDI variable showed an insignificant impact on the unemployment rate in the long term. These results provide valuable insights for the government, suggesting that addressing the issue of unemployment in India requires a comprehensive approach that combines economic and social strategies. By leveraging the positive effects of economic growth and considering appropriate measures related to minimum wage and human development, policymakers can effectively tackle the challenge of unemployment in the country

Health Expenditure and Nigeria’s Economic Growth

Using time series data from 1999 to 2022, this study examines the impact of health financing on economic growth in Nigeria. The findings indicate that the previous year's productive activities have a positive effect on economic growth in both the short and long run. The current domestic government general health expenditure has a negative growth effect on economic growth, whereas the previous year's domestic general government health expenditure has a positive growth effect on economic growth. Domestic private health spending has a significant positive effect on economic growth. As a result, the importance of private health spending over government health spending in improving economic growth is reinforced. Thus, it was determined that health financing is required for long-term economic growth. As a result, the government should increase individual health spending capacity, increase health sector budgetary allocation, and ensure prudent and effective health sector budgetary implementation.

The economic growth–travel frequency nexus in China: Importance of the transport Kuznets curve

AbstractThis study pioneers the analysis of transport Kuznets curve (TKC) for passengers in 31 Chinese provinces using data from 1980 to 2018 and a comprehensive non‐parametric econometric analysis approach. The empirical analysis finds convergence among most of the provinces in terms of travel frequency and economic growth, as well as the nexus between the variables. There is a non‐linear positive effect of economic growth on travel frequency in all 31 provinces, and evidence for the existence of TKC – in full or in part – in 30 provinces. The study provides the initial motivation for policymakers to undertake policies and projects commensurate with each province's transport growth nexus.