Positive Expression Of CD44v6 Research Articles

Expression of CD44v6 and lymphatic vessel density in early gastric cancer tissues and their clinical significance.

Objective:To explore the relationships between expression of CD44v6, lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and the clinicopathological parameters of patients.Methods:One hundred early gastric cancer tissues, 55 high-grade gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) tissues, 60 low-grade gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) tissues and 60 chronic superficial gastritis tissues were collected and set as gastric cancer group, HGIN group, LGIN group and gastritis group respectively. The expression of CD44v6 and LVD of patients in all the groups were detected using two-step immunohistochemical method to analyze the relationships between the expression of CD44v6 and lymphatic vessel density in early gastric cancer tissues and their relationships with the clinicopathological parameters of patients. The values of LVD in predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The positive expression of CD44v6 and LVD in the gastritis group, LGIN group, HGIN group and gastric cancer group gradually increased. The positive expression of CD44v6 and LVD in early gastric cancer tissues were in no correlation with the gender, age, tumor site, maximum diameter, differentiation degree and invasion depth (P>0.05) and in a correlation with lymphatic metastasis and lymphatic vessel invasion (P<0.06). The positive expression of CD44v6 in the early gastric cancer tissues was in a positive correlation with LVD (P<0.05). The analysis of ROC curves suggested that the area under ROC curve of predicting lymphatic metastasis of early gastric cancer with LVD was 0.837 (95% CI: 0.756~0.910), and the cut-off value was 14; the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 63.6% and 90.2 respectively.Conclusion:The expression of CD44v6 and LVD in early gastric cancer tissues are in a close correlation with the clinicopathologic features, and joint detection of expression of CD44v6 and LVD can be taken as the indicator of gastric cancer metastasis.

肝细胞癌CD44v6和FN表达及其意义

目的：探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)CD44v6和FN表达及其意义。方法：应用免疫组化染色EliVisionTM plus二步法检测140例HCC组织中CD44v6和FN蛋白表达，结合随访资料进行分析。结果：CD44v6和FN在HCC中阳性表达率分别为42.9%和35.7%。CD44v6阳性表达的HCC转移率高(P < 0.05)，分化程度及患者5年生存率低(P < 0.05)；FN阳性表达的HCC转移率低(P < 0.05)，分化程度及患者5年生存率高(P < 0.05)。CD44v6表达与FN表达呈负相关(r = −0.46)。结论：CD44v6和FN表达与HCC分化程度、浸润转移和患者生存期密切相关，联合检测CD44v6和FN蛋白表达可作为判断HCC预后有价值的参考指标。 Objective: To investigate the significance of CD44v6 and FN expressions in hepatocellular carci-noma (HCC). Methods: EliVisionTM plus two-step immunohistochemical method was used to detect CD44v6 and FN expressions in 140 cases of HCC. Results: Positive expression rate of CD44v6 and FN in HCC were 42.9% and 35.7%, respectively. HCC with positive expression of CD44v6 had a higher metastatic rate (P < 0.05) and lower survival rate of 5 years (P < 0.05); HCC with positive FN expression had lower metastatic rate (P < 0.05) and higher survival rate of 5 years (P < 0.05). The expression of CD44v6 was negatively correlated to FN expression in HCC (r = −0.46). Conclusion: These results showed that the expressions of CD44v6 and FN were closely linked to potential metastasis and to the survival rate in HCC. CD44v6 and FN may be clinically used as prognostic indicators in HCC.

Abstract 338: Immunohistochemical expression of CD44/ERM complex proteins in penile carcinoma

Abstract Background: The loco-regional involvement is considered the main complication and cause of death in the natural history of penile carcinoma. Understanding the molecular processes that may be involved in metastatic dissemination would improve the prognostic tools to better evaluate the patients, avoiding the morbidity of unnecessary surgery. Some studies have emphasized the influence of cellular adhesion in the development of tumorigenesis and metastasis as the proteins of complex CD44/ERM (Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the expression of proteins CD44 and its variant CD44v6, Ezrin and Moesin in squamous cell penile carcinoma, correlating their expression with the clinical-pathological criteria. Material and Methods: Eighty four patients were selected, retrospectively, undergoing surgery for squamous cell penile carcinoma at AC Camargo Cancer Center. The expression evaluation for CD44, CD44v6 Ezrin and Moesin was performed by immunohistochemistry using Ventana® equipment, subsequently analyzed by digital microscopy in Aperio® system. The immunoreactivity of each protein was categorized as positive and negative using a cut-off criteria established by the average percentage obtained. Results: CD44 expression was present in 19 (22.6%) positive cases, CD44v6 in 50 (59.5%), Ezrin in 30 (35.7%) and Moesin in 53 (63.1%). It was observed that the loss of CD44 expression was significantly correlated with recurrence (p = 0.002) and with the glans invasion (p = 0.035); the positive expression of CD44v6 was significantly correlated with the tumor size (p = 0.009) and with recurrence (p = 0.018); the loss of Ezrin expression was significantly correlated with macroscopic invasion (p = 0.028) and with foreskin of invasion (p = 0.015); the positive expression of Moesin was significantly correlated with macroscopic invasion (p = 0.010) and the loss of its expression was significantly correlated with recurrence (p = 0.035). Disease-free survival was significantly influenced by CD44, CD44v6 and Moesin. Conclusion: The expression of CD44, CD44v6, Ezrin and Moesin seems to significantly influence the prognostic factors of penile carcinoma and could be an important molecular marker in the identification of recurrence risk. Citation Format: Juliana B. de Andrade, Fernando A. Soares. Immunohistochemical expression of CD44/ERM complex proteins in penile carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 338. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-338

Correlation Between Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules CD44v6 and E-cadherin and Lymphatic Metastasis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

To explore the relationship between expressions of cell adhesion molecules CD44 v6 and E-cadherin (E-cad) and lymphatic metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Eighty- seven tissue samples obtained from patients with primary NSCLC were collected in our hospital from Dec., 2007 to Dec., 2012, and the expressions of CD44 v6 and E-cad gene proteins in these samples were detected by immunohistochemical method. In the tissue without lymphatic metastasis, the positive expression rate of CD44 v6 was significantly lower, whereas the normal expression rate of E-cad was notably higher than that with lymphatic metastasis (55.6% vs. 78.4%, 47.2% vs. 21.6%), and both differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). Besides, CD44 v6 and E-cad expressions had a significant correlation in the NSCLC tissue with lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). The positive expression of CD44 v6 and abnormal expression of E-cad may play a very important role in promoting lymphatic metastasis of NSCLC, with synergistic effect. Hence, detection of CD44 v6 and E-cad expressions is conductive to judging the lymphatic metastasis in NSCLC.

The expression of cell adhesion molecules in colorectal cancer tissue and its clinical values

To investigate the role of cell adhesion molecules CD44v6 and CEA in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and methods: The expression of CD44v6 and CEA in 76 CRC tissues and 43 normal colon tissues was detected using an immunohistological technique. The relationship between the 2 molecules’ expression and their pathologic characteristics, especially for metastasis, was investigated. Furthermore, the relevance between the expression of CD44v6 and of CEA was also assessed. Results: Expression of CD44v6 and CEA protein in CRC tissues was higher than in paracarcinoma tissue and normal colorectal mucosa (both P < 0.001). Positive expression of CD44v6 in CRC was associated with lymph node metastasis, Dukes’ stage, and histological differentiation. Higher expression intensity of CEA in CRC was related to lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and invasion depth. Combining analysis of CD44v6 and CEA can improve the sensitivity and specificity in evaluating the metastatic potential of CRC (P < 0.05). There was no relevance between the expression of CD44v6 and CEA in CRC (P > 0.05). Conclusion: CD44v6 is associated with the occurrence and lymph node metastasis of CRC. The expression of CEA is related to distant metastasis of CRC positively. Combined analysis of CD44v6 and CEA can be used to evaluate metastasis of CRC.

Expression of CD44v6 is an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

CD44v6 has been causally associated with the development of metastases and with poor prognosis in various human malignancies. To elucidate the clinicopathological significance of CD44v6 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the present study aimed to investigate the expression of CD44v6 using immunohistological techniques. Using specific antibodies against CD44v6 and CD44s, expression of the proteins was analyzed immunohistochemically in 63 primary esophageal ESCCs, which were previously resected at the Nagoya City University Hospital without pre-operative induction therapy. Using light microscopy, the positive expression of CD44v6 was divided into a low- or high-expression group. The expression of CD44v6 in ESCC was analyzed with respect to various clinicopathological characteristics. The frequency of CD44v6 expression was 90.5% (57/63). The CD44v6 high-expression group comprised 55.6% of the patients (n=35) and the low expression group included 44.4% of the patients (n=28). In this study, no significant difference was observed between any clinicopathological factor and the immunohistochemical expression of CD44v6. In patients with high levels of CD44v6 expression, survival was markedly worse (p=0.0327). Favorable outcomes were observed for the clinicopathological characteristics of 6 patients whose tissue immunohistochemical expression of CD44v6 was not detected. Moreover, multivariate analysis confirmed that expression of CD44v6 was an independent prognostic indicator (risk ratio =2.793; p=0.0301). Overexpression of CD44v6 is a useful prognostic indicator of ESCC. Therefore, CD44v6 should be investigated as a potential target for therapy.

Galectin‐3 and CD44v6 positivity by RT‐PCR method in fine needle aspirates of benign thyroid lesions

To investigate whether the presence of macrophages and Hürthle cells (HC) in benign thyroid lesions could explain the false-positive expression of galectin-3 and CD44v6 detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). For galectin-3 and CD44v6, RT-PCR was performed on RNA isolated from aspirates obtained by ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from 123 patients with benign thyroid lesions. The results of RT-PCR analysis were evaluated against the definitive FNAC diagnosis. Galectin-3 expression was found in 29% follicular adenoma (FA), 26% Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), and in 24% nodular goitre (NG). We found a statistically significant relationship between the presence of macrophages and galectin-3 positivity in NG and HT samples (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0087 respectively). We found a statistically significant (P = 0.0219) relationship between the presence of HC and galectin-3 positivity in HT and a tendency of such a relationship (P = 0.0838) in NG. CD44v6 expression was found in 29% FA, 33% HT and in 18% NG. We found a statistically significant relationship between the presence of HC and positive expression of CD44v6 in NG (P = 0.0003) and a strong tendency of such a relationship in HT (P = 0.0571). We did not find a statistically significant relationship between the presence of macrophages and CD44v6 positivity. In FA, we did not find a statistically significant relationship between the presence of macrophages or HC and galectin-3 or CD44v6 positivity. Our results suggest that the presence of macrophages and/or HC may explain the positive expression of galectin-3 and CD44v6 detected by RT-PCR in HT and NG cytological samples.

The clinical significance of detection of vascular endothelial growth factor and CD44v6 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer

To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD44v6 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore their association with invasion, metastasis and prognosis of NSCLC. A rapid immunohistochemical method (streptoavidin-peroxidase, SP) was used to detect VEGF and CD44v6 proteins expression in 43 paraffin-embedded resected NSCLC tissues retrospectively. All the patients were initially treated. The expression rates of VEGF in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 62.5% (15/24) and 68.42% (13/19) respectively. The positive rates of CD44v6 expression in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 58.33% (15/24) and 68.42% (13/19) respectively. The positive expressions of VEGF and CD44v6 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P < 0.05), and also significantly correlated with postoperative hematogenous metastasis (P < 0.05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates of patients with VEGF positive expression were 19.23% and 6.41% respectively, whereas those with negative expression were 67.41% and 58.82%, there was signi-ficant difference of survival rate between the two groups (P < 0.05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates of CD44v6 positive expression group and negative expression group were 18.67%, 10.67% and 67.83%, 53.50%, there was also significance difference of survival rate between two groups (P < 0.05). The positive expression of VEGF was significantly correated with the positive expression of CD44v6 (P < 0.05). Detection of VEGF and CD44v6 expression in NSCLC is helpful to evaluate the lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and prognosis. It is also helpful to guide postoperative multiple modality therapy.

The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor,CD44v6 in non-small cell lung carcinoma

To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD44v6 in non-small cell lung carcinoma. The expression of VEGF and CD44v6 in 35 cases I approximately II stages, 27 cases III approximately IV stages and 50 cases with the metastasis of lymph nodes, 12 cases without metastasis of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) tissues were studied by SP immunohistochemistry staining, and the 3 years survival rates were calculated in 42 cases patients. The positive rates of VEGF and CD44v6 in NSCLC were 73% and 69%, respectively. They were both higher than those of matched normal lung tissues, P < 0.01. The expression of VEGF and CD44v6 were related to clinical stages and metastasis of lymph nodes significantly. The expression rates of the two markers in NSCLC with the metastasis of lymph nodes were higher than those without metastasis, chi(2) = 7.146 and 5.376 respectively, and those of III approximately IV stages were higher than those of I approximately II Stages, chi(2) = 6.392 and 12.152 respectively. Survival rates of three years were lower to those patients with positive expression of the two makers than those with negative expression. In a multivariate analysis, besides TNM stages and metastasis of lymph nodes, the positive expression of CD44v6 and the positive expression of VEGF were also the independent prognostic factors to affect the Survival time. The VEGF and CD44v6 protein may act as one of important indexes to indicate the process of infiltration and metastasis in NSCLC.