Positive Decision Research Articles

Personal determinants of change agents’ decision-making behavior in community health promotion: a qualitative study

BackgroundImplementing environmental changes to promote healthier communities requires initial positive decisions by change agents from local politics and government. However, there is little research on what influences the change agents' decisions. This explorative, qualitative study aims to identify the personal determinants of the decision-making behavior of local change agents.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews to assess the personal determinants of decision-making behavior among 22 change agents from local politics and government. Relevant determinants were identified through a structured content analysis of the interview transcripts using the software MAXQDA 2020.ResultsWe found the following seven essential clusters of personal determinants of the decision-making behavior of change agents from local politics and government: Imprinting, socialization, and biography; experiences and involvement; attitudes and outcome expectations towards important issues and aspects; knowledge; emotions; personal benefits; and the perceived influences of others.ConclusionsThe identified personal determinants might serve as a source of understanding the decision-making behavior of change agents in community decision-making processes. Our findings can contribute to the effective planning and implementation of evidence-based multilevel interventions related to changing environmental conditions in communities and provide important information on which personal determinants should be considered when derive strategies for community health promotion within a systematic approach of developing an intervention program theory.

Improving of the State Fingerprinting Registration in the Russian Federation at the Present Stage

Currently, fingerprinting continues to be one of the main methods in solving crimes and proving in criminal cases. A huge corpus of fingerprint traces of unsolved crimes, fingerprint maps of living persons and unidentified corpses has been formed. In addition, the identification of people by papillary patterns on their hands is one of the fastest, most effective and least expensive methods of identifying people in solving the daily tasks of law enforcement agencies aimed at actively suppressing and preventing all forms of illegal acts. In this regard, there is a need not just to enlarge the circle of persons subject to mandatory state fingerprinting registration, but to consolidate at the legislative level the universal fingerprinting registration of citizens. The issue has been discussed for quite a long time, but it is with a positive decision that a serious potential will be formed in the implementation of the already available fingerprint information in the solving and investigation of crimes of past years and a practically guaranteed result in the implementation of search queries on fingerprint records already in the medium term. The article considers the opinions of scientists and practitioners on the issue of universal mandatory fingerprint registration, as well as the positive experience of using this method of personal identification in foreign countries. A mechanism for the introduction of universal fingerprint registration in practice and ways for the formation of a positive attitude towards this procedure among the population as the means of ensuring public order and the safety of citizens by the state are proposed.

Structural equation modelling of work related musculoskeletal disorders among dumper operators

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of personal factors, habitual factors, and work-related factors on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among dumper operators. In total, 248 dumper operators working in an iron ore mine were considered for this study. A questionnaire was developed and administered to collect dumper operators' personal, habitual, and work-related data. The reliability of the questionnaire was cross-checked by Cronbach alpha and the test–retest method. The values of Cronbach alpha for all latent variables were above 0.7, and the correlation coefficient of the questionnaire items at Time 1 and Time 2 was above 0.82. After verifying the validity (i.e., convergent and divergent) of the questionnaire data, the relationship between the factors under consideration was examined by structural equation modeling (SEM). The SEM demonstrated a moderate fit, with frac{{upchi }^{2}}{df} value of 1.386, comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.86, goodness-of-fit index (GFI) of 0.72, adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI) of 0.69, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) of 0.83, normed fit index (NFI) of 0.71 and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.051. The SEM analysis revealed a positive relationship between WRMSDs and personal factors (with path coefficient = 0.313 and p < 0.05) as well as work-related factors (with path coefficient = 0.296 and p < 0.05). However, the relationship between WRMSDs and habitual factors was not statistically significant (with path coefficient = 0.142 and p > 0.05). Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the factors that influence the prevalence of WRMSDs among dumper operators. The findings highlight the significance of personal and work-related factors by which one can make a positive decision to prevent and reduce the incidence of WRMSDs among dumper operators.

Biometrics Application: A Critical Review

Purpose: This study was carried out to review the rate of biometrics adoption in various arms within Nigeria. Some of the sectional offices of governmental and private organizations were visited during this work.&#x0D; Methodology: The methods used involves interview of personnel’s in the parastatals, review of literature works and observations.&#x0D; Findings: The findings show that there has been technological advancement in Nigeria with biometrics introduction in some sectors. The work contributed to existing literature on biometrics by conducting a review to determine the rate at which biometric technology have been adopted in Nigeria.&#x0D; Unique contributions to theory, policy and practice: This will help government in making positive decisions leading to the growth and technological advancement of the country.

Maqashid Sharia Review Of Decisions Shar'iyah Idi Court In Divorce Cases

Background. Divorce is a matter that is never finished to be studied and discussed. Even cases of divorce cases continue to increase. One of them is the divorce case. Purpose. Many divorce cases are contested due to the background between husband and wife not wanting to carry out their obligations, such as providing a living physically and spiritually, but when analyzed this is not the main thing that causes divorce but rather bad communication between husband and wife, in deciding a divorce case a judge are required to be thorough and observant in deciding on a divorce so that a legal basis and fair considerations are needed so that a positive decision is born for both parties. Method. In this study, the authors used qualitative legal research and normative legal research, namely what we know as library law research, namely legal articles conducted by researching based on materials sourced from the literature. Results. Research results: 1) The factor in the occurrence of divorce is due to not fulfilling a living, harming/endangering the wife, one party leaves the other party without permission and without a valid reason, one party gets a prison sentence of 5 years or more after the marriage takes place, Jidal or syiqaq (prolonged and unresolved quarrels), infidelity or one party commits adultery, one party commits violence/nusuz, apostasy or converts. 2) Every decision made by the Panel of Judges of the Syari'yah Idi Court remains based on legal aspects and Maqasid Syari'ah, both ahwal asyahksiyah cases in general and divorce cases in particular, as the purpose of law is to protect the rights of each individual both from the perspective of Life, religion, reason, property, lineage and honor. Conclusion. As an answer to the formulation of the problem and the results of the author's analysis, it can be concluded that: The factor in the occurrence of divorce is due to the absence of a living.

Typical Mistakes in Claims and Specifications of the Inventions in the NBC Protection Corps

The growth of inventive activity in the NBC Protection Troops is accompanied by an increase in requests for examination, leading to a delay in the process of considering patent applications at the Federal Institute of Industrial Property of Rospatent. The aim of this work is to summarize the common mistakes in the claim and the Specifications of the inventions in the NBC Protection Troops. Materials and research methods. Examination requests for applications for inventions were analyzed, for which positive decisions were eventually received, i. e. the delay in their consideration was not due to the lack of a technical solution. In the application materials, the most typical mistakes were identified and summarized with the references to regulatory documents. The provisions of these documents were explained in the text of the article and supported by references to the work of patent law specialists. The results of the study. The main mistakes detected at the stage of formal examination are made in the application, description of drawings and in the claims. At the stage of substantive examination, the experts pay attention to the applicants' misunderstanding of the rules for drawing up the claims and sections of the description that substantiate the claims. The «Background of the Invention» section is usually presented in the form of a review, in which the closest analogue is not analyzed; the technical result is not indicated; examples revealing the implementation of the claimed invention are not complete. Discussion of results and conclusions. Any mistakes detected at the stage of formal expertise can be easily corrected with careful attention to the preparation of application documents. The mistakes identified at the stage of substantive examination are of a systemic nature. They are based on the stereotypes of a specialist, who can not see patentable technical solutions and cannot plan them. It is possible to correct this situation by training young specialists in the field of legal protection and protection of inventions, utility models, industrial designs and methods of their use, even before they start their main activities. It is possible also to accompany such trainings with the study of the fundamentals of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving. Patenting itself must be carried out within the framework of the organization's patent policy.

The Impact Of Tiket.Com Website Quality And E-Trust On Concert Ticket Purchasing Decision

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This quantitative research aims to investigate the influence of Website Quality and E-Trust on the purchasing decisions of concert tickets among EXO fans using Tiket.com services. Employing a descriptive research method, data was collected from 100 respondents through purposive sampling and analyzed using SPSS. The study revealed that both Website Quality and E-Trust significantly affect the concert ticket purchase decisions of EXO fans. These findings contribute to the understanding of online consumer behavior and hold implications for ticket reservation services, emphasizing the importance of attractive, easily accessible websites and robust online trust mechanisms to foster positive purchase decisions.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Highlights:&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Significance of Website Quality: The study examines the impact of website quality on purchase decisions, emphasizing the need for an attractive and user-friendly online platform to enhance customer engagement and conversion rates.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Crucial Role of E-Trust: The research highlights the pivotal role of online trust in influencing consumers' decisions to purchase concert tickets online, underlining the importance of establishing secure and reliable platforms.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Insights into EXO Fans' Behavior: The study provides valuable insights into the behavior of EXO fans as they engage with ticket reservation services, aiding businesses in catering to the preferences of this specific target audience.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Website Quality, E-Trust, Purchase Decision, Concert Tickets, EXO Fans&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Do optimism and moralization predict vaccination? A five-wave longitudinal study.

To examine if personal and comparative optimism, perceived effectiveness, and moralization of vaccination predict people's decision to get vaccinated. We measured self-reported vaccination decisions in a five-wave longitudinal study (N ≍ 5,000/wave) in Belgium over a six months period (December 2020-May 2021) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the predictors were demographic factors, personal and comparative optimism for three aspects of COVID-19 (infection, severe disease, good outcome), perceived effectiveness of vaccination, and the extent to which vaccination is being viewed in prosocial terms (altruism, civic spirit) versus as instrumental in one's self-interest (common sense, concern about one's health). The actual availability of vaccines changed people's outlook on vaccination. Marked differences emerged in vaccination decision between linguistic-cultural regions (Flemish Region, Walloon Region, Brussels Capital Region). Personal and comparative optimism predicted vaccination decisions to different extents depending on participants' age and on whether the optimism was for infection, severe disease, or a good outcome. In older participants, vaccination decision was mostly predicted by personal optimism; in younger participants, it was mostly predicted by comparative optimism. Moralizing vaccination predicted a lower likelihood of a positive vaccination decision, that is, higher vaccine hesitancy or refusal, particularly in older participants. Assessments of risk perception serving to inform vaccination campaigns should differentiate between expectations concerning the risk of infection and expectations concerning the outcome of an infection. Public health messages should address comparative optimism, particularly when targeting younger populations. Contrary to popular belief, moralizing vaccination may reduce the willingness to get vaccinated. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Expansion of the Nature of Constitutional Court Decisions from Negative Legislature to Positive Legislature in Constitutional Law in Indonesia

The nature of the Constitutional Court's decision in Indonesia experience an expansion of meaning, which initially only gave negative legislature decisions but gave several positive legislature decisions in reviewing the Law. It is necessary to know how the constitutionality and analysis of the legal considerations of the Constitutional Court's decision which are positive in nature in reviewing laws in the field of constitutional law. The approach method used in this study is normative juridical by examining the legal principles contained in statutory regulations. Based on the results of the research, the constitutionality of the Constitutional Court's decisions which are positive legislature is an extension of the authority of the Constitutional Court in reviewing the Laws granted by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Constitutional Court, and Law Number 48 of 2009 Power Justice. Legal considerations for decisions that are positive legislature in reviewing laws in the field of constitutional law are aimed at providing substantive justice for the community, given in urgent situations, and avoiding a legal vacuum if the material of the law is canceled so as to avoid legal chaos (chaos ) .

Machine Learning Classification of Psychiatric Data Associated with Compensation Claims for Patient Injuries.

Adverse events are common in health care. In psychiatric treatment, compensation claims for patient injuries appear to be less common than in other medical specialties. The most common types of patient injury claims in psychiatry include diagnostic flaws, unprevented suicide, or coercive treatment deemed as unnecessary or harmful. The objective was to study whether it is possible to form different categories of patient injury types associated with the psychiatric evaluations of compensation claims and to base machine learning classification on these categories. Further, the binary classification of positive and negative decisions for compensation claims was the other objective. Finnish psychiatric specialist evaluations for the compensation claims of patient injuries were classified into six different categories called classes applying the machine learning methods of artificial intelligence. In addition, another classification of the same data into two classes was performed to test whether it was possible to classify data cases according to their known decisions, either accepted or declined compensation claim. The former classification task produced relatively good classification results subject to separating between different classes. Instead, the latter was more complex. However, classification accuracies of both tasks could be improved by using the generation of artificial data cases in the preprocessing phase before classifications. This preprocessing improved the classification accuracy of six classes up to 88% when the method of random forests was used for classification and that of the binary classification to 89%. The results show that the objectives defined were possible to solve reasonably.

Forest as a Therapeutic Space in Sarah Orne Jewett’s “A White Heron”: A Deep Ecological Perspective

This paper seeks to analyze as to how forest has healing power in Jewett’s “A White Heron” that helps the protagonist, Sylvia, take a positive decision— not to show the nest of the white heron to the hunter, who otherwise would love to collect the birds and stuff them. This paper argues that earlier decision of Sylvia to help the hunter out by showing the nest of the beautiful white heron changes when her greater sense of involvement to the forest through the cow touches her consciousness. The root cause of this change is the therapeutic impact of the forest (Nature) to the protagonist. This study takes recourse to ecocritical stance, more particularly Barry Commoner’s four laws of ecology and Aldo Leopold’s ideas of “land community”, and “land ethics” to analyze the mentioned text as to how it advocates for biocentric world view that places emphasis on equal status of each and every organisms on this planet and hence, they must be equally treated and protected to maintain the stronghold of human-nature relationship. Aside from that, executing the idea of deep ecology, more specifically advanced by Fritjof Capra, which gives the utmost importance to the idea that humans are a part of nature but not apart and everything in the nature is interdependent and interconnected for the healthy operation of the whole system, this paper also argues that the mentioned story is a faithful literary text, which, by exhibiting the pitfalls of citified life, appeals the entire humanity to safeguard the nature to get its therapeutic effect for healthy and holistic life.

Assessing feasibility of targeted primary care referrals for patients with clinical suspicion of interstitial lung disease using lung ultrasound: a prospective case finding study. The potential benefits of LUS utilization.

In Primary Health Care (PHC) many interstitial lung disease (ILD) cases may remain at diagnostic delay, due to their challenging presentation and the limited experience of general practitioners (GPs) in recognizing their early symptoms. We have designed a feasibility study to investigate early ILD case-finding competency between PHC and tertiary care. A cross-sectional prospective case-finding study was launched at two private health care centers of Heraklion, Crete, Greece, during nine months (2021-2022). After clinical assessment by GP, PHC attenders, who agreed to participate in the study, were referred to the Respiratory Medicine Department, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, underwent Lung Ultrasound (LUS) and those with an overall suspicion for ILDs underwent high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used. Multiple Poisson regression analysis was performed to explain positive LUS and HRCT decision with selected variables. One hundred and nine patients out of 183 were finally included (54.1% females; mean age 61, SD: 8.3 years). Thirty-five (32.1%) were current smokers. Overall, two out of ten cases were assessed to need HRCT due to a moderate or high suspicion (19.3%; 95%CI 12.7, 27.4). However, in those who had dyspnea in relation to counterparts, a significantly higher percentage of patients with LUS findings (57.9% vs. 34.0%, p=0.013) was found, as in those who had crackles (100.0% vs. 44.2%, p= 0.005). Detected possible ILD provisional labelling cases were 6, and most importantly, 5 of those cases were considered highly suspicious for further evaluation based on LUS findings. This is a feasibility study exploring potentials by combining data of medical history, basic auscultation skills, as crackles detection, and inexpensive and radiation-free imaging technique, such as LUS. Cases of ILD labeling may be hidden within PHC, sometimes, much before any clinical manifestation.

P-495 What is the optimal cut off value of the number of egg donations from the same egg donor lifetime?

Abstract Study question Do repeated ovarian stimulation cycles in the same donor have a negative impact on clinical outcome? Summary answer There is no negative impact of the consecutive ovarian stimulation cycles on embryological parameters and outcomes from the same donor. What is known already Different country regulations required from single stimulation to maximum 6 stimulations for egg donors in lifetime. Modern assisted reproductive technologies (ART) clinics should consider this issue described above from the point of view of the number of oocytes retrieved during controlled ovarian stimulation cycles - this is a balance between efficacy of the ART in infertility treatment programs and donor safety. Despite some studies have underscored the likely negative impact of repeated cycles on outcomes it remains up for debate. The age groups of 20-30 years old egg donors may give similar clinical outcomes for 1st-6th attempt of stimulation cycles. Study design, size, duration In this single center, 4 years of retrospective study included oocyte donors (n = 96) with repeating cycles of ovarian stimulation (COS). Cycles took place between January 2018 and December 2022 in an IVF clinic with respect to at least 6 months interim between each cycle. We evaluated the concordance between the follicle-to-oocyte index (FOI), number of oocytes retrieved, maturation rate (MR), utilization rate (UR) and the numbers of attempts from 1st to 6th. Participants/materials, setting, methods The mean age of the patients in this study was represented in dynamics (SD) from 1st COS program 23,2 (3,2) to 27,8 (3,7) years during the final 6th cycle, all of them passed through 6 consequence COS programs.. The association between each COS cycle' parameters and the differences in COS output was assessed by T-Student (parametric) or U-Mann-Whitney (non-parametric). Main results and the role of chance We observed that mean number (SD) of mature oocytes retrieved was non significantly different and raised from the 1st attempt –18,46 (8,89), to 5th - 22,03 (10,16), with decreasing during 6th COS – 21,55 (12,06). MR and UR indicators had a fluctuating picture of the dynamics of values. They either increased or decreased from one cycle to another. Mean values of MR was the lowest after 3rd COS (81%) and the highest – 4th COS (84%). UR dynamic was similar with lowest value after 1st cycle (12,0%) and the maximum 17,9% after 6th COS program. FOI parameter was measured within values of 73,82 – 81,02: min value 73,82 (16,40) was observed after the second stimulation cycle and max value – after fifth (mean = 81,02±18,26). These changes were found to be not significantly different (p &amp;gt; 0.05). Regarding egg donation cycle outcome for recipients (age average 34,57) attempt 1st −3rd gave 96,14% fertilization rate, 66,89% used blastocysts rate and 60,77% clinical pregnancy rate. Recipients ( average age 33,19) attempting 4th- 6th gave 94.17% fertilization rate, 64,09% used blastocysts rate and 63,19% clinical pregnancy rate. Limitations, reasons for caution This study is limited regarding retrospective nature and by the small samples size. Expanding the number of participants is the possible next step, in order to challenge or rather confirm our preliminary findings. Wider implications of the findings The controversial dynamic of the changes of the embryological parameters and COS outcomes in the same donor’s pool after repeated stimulation cycles with no statistically observed differences can be grounds for making a positive decision both personally by the donor and the IVF specialist. Trial registration number NA

Cultural Influences on Information Security

Humans are by far the weakest link in the information security chain. Many in the information security industry advocate for a technical solution to this problem. Unfortunately, technology does not hold the answer to solving the human problem. Instead, it is important to better understand the problem and find new ways of training individuals, so they have a better security mindset and make better security minded decisions. The security challenges associated with human factors have been widely studied in previous literature and different research groups. Prior research has shown that both human behavioural factors and social media usage factors can be used to better assess a person’s susceptibility to cybercrime. We know that humans are multi-faceted beings who are swayed by many factors. In addition to behavioural factors and social media factors, humans are predisposed by cultural influences. This paper begins the process of understanding how culture influences a person's ability to make positive cybersecurity decisions in a world that is full of data being thrown at them. The end goal of this research is to use culture, along with behaviour and social media usage as new metrics in measuring a person’s susceptibility to cybercrime. This information can then be used by information security practitioners and researchers to better prepare individuals to defend themselves from cyber threats. This paper is the start of the research process into how culture impacts a person’s susceptibility to cybercrime. It shows the significance of identifying what specific aspects of culture impact how someone makes a decision. This can help mitigate social engineering attacks by better understanding the influencing factors which control an end user. The authors will continue their work on this project to develop new Information Awareness (IA) training programmes that work to modify an individual's behaviour, while taking into consideration their behaviours, social media usage and culture.

FACTORS OF ELECTORAL (NON) PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS IN THE CONTEXT OF RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY

The article is devoted to the study of the factors of electoral (non)participation of citizens in the context of the theory of rational choice. The author pays the main attention to the variables that make it possible to calculate the potential effectiveness of voting for a particular citizen, including the probability of the decisive vote, benefits from voting, and losses from voting. The author emphasizes that, according to the theory of rational choice, citizens make simple calculations to determine whether it is appropriate to vote, taking into account the abovementioned variables. According to the model of rational choice, for the vast majority of citizens, voting is completely irrational, since the weight of one vote is insignificant, the benefits of voting are negligible, and the costs are quite significant. However, most voters spend the resources to show up at the polling station on polling day and cast their own single vote for their preferred candidate. In this case, the paradox of voting arises and the limitations of the theory of rational choice are revealed. The author highlights that several additions or variations of the theory have been presented by the scientific community. In particular, among them, the positive decision to vote is explained by the desire to support the functioning of democratic processes; a sense of civic duty; a desire to minimize maximum losses; faith in the decisive vote; mobilization efforts of politicians; minimal expenses for the voter; a conviction that calculations are impractical. Each amendment is characterized by both advantages for understanding electoral behavior in the context of the theory, and disadvantages, which often come down to ignoring the fundamental variables of the theory and giving the psycho-emotional factor an exceptionally prominent place. The author points out that a reassessment of the initial values of the theory, namely the probability that the single vote will become decisive and the cost of the spent voter`s resources, can lead to a completely new interpretation of the theory and scientific results.

Legal Implications Of Positive Fictive Application After The Law Of Job Creation Law Is Declared Conditionally Unconstitutional

Article 175 of Law Number 11 of 2020 changes some of the government administration clauses that have been regulated in the regulation of governmental administration. These changes are related to positive verdicts of fictitious and requests as stipulated in Article 53 of the Law of Creating of Job which amends the clauses of Article 53 of the Government Administration Law. The time limit for establishing a positive fictitious decision has changed from 10 days to 5 days and there is no mechanism for an adjuration to the court of the state administrative to obtain a decision to accept the adjuration. The form of research used is normative juridical with qualitative analysis methods. The results of the study show that fictitious requests are considered legally granted in Article 53 paragraph (4) of Law of Creating of Job without a decision by a Court causing legal uncertainty and because the Law of Creating of Job is declared conditionally unconstitutional, it still refers to the Law Government Administration Act

Determining the role of emotions in the customer journey for culture industries under conditions of information and communication technologies development

The object of research is the purchasing behavior of consumers of cultural products. The aim of the study is to determine the model of consumer decision-making about the purchase of cultural products, taking into account the emotional component under the conditions of development of information and communication technologies. It has been established that macroeconomic factors in the formation of marketing of cultural industries are characterized by a number of features, among which the development of information and communication technologies is key. Making a consumer decision regarding a cultural product depends on its economic and cultural values but is determined by its emotional value. The proposed model of influence of emotional value makes it possible to determine the likelihood of a positive consumer decision in relation to a particular cultural product or brand. Evaluation of the impact of the spread of information and communication technologies on the consumption of cultural products proved the existence of a link between the number of Internet subscribers and household spending on culture and recreation. However, most cultural products consumed via the Internet or television are free or obtained free of charge from unofficial sources (the so-called "pirated" content). It was found that half of consumers do not attend cultural events at all due to lack of funds, time, or remoteness of the event. At the same time, the main channels and sources of information of consumers of cultural products are the Internet and television. It has been established that emotional marketing realizes itself as fully as possible through a loop-like model of bringing commercially important information to the final consumer of cultural products. In this process, digital marketing technologies, especially digital platforms, play a key role as a tool. The practical significance is in the possibilities of applying the data obtained in the process of developing marketing programs for subjects of cultural industries.

The confidence-accuracy relationship for lineup decisions holds for the Dutch identification procedure.

Post-decision confidence from witnesses who make a positive identification decision can serve as a valuable indicator of identification accuracy under certain conditions. International best-practice guidelines therefore recommend asking witnesses to indicate their confidence following a selection from a lineup. Three experiments that used Dutch identification protocols, however, reported no significant post-decision confidence-accuracy association. To examine this conflict between the international and the Dutch literature, we tested the strength of the post-decision confidence-accuracy relationship for lineups that followed Dutch protocol in two ways: we conducted an experiment and re-analyzed two experiments that implemented Dutch lineup protocols. As expected, the post-decision confidence-accuracy relationship was strong for positive identifications and weak for negative identification decisions in our experiment. The re-analysis of the pre-existing data showed a strong effect for positive identification decisions of participants up to the age of 40 years. For exploratory purposes, we also tested the confidence-accuracy relationship between lineup administrators' perception of witnesses' confidence and eyewitness identification accuracy. In our experiment, the relationship was strong for choosers and weak for nonchoosers. The re-analysis of pre-existing data showed no correlation between confidence and accuracy, unless we excluded adults over 40 of age. We recommend adapting the Dutch identification guidelines to reflect the current and previous findings on the post-decision confidence-accuracy relationship.

Efficacy of Psychological Intervention on Emotional Intelligence among Adolescents in Selected Schools at Erode, India

Context: Adolescence is a period of heightened emotionality. Boys are found to be more aware of their weakness than girls. Methods: Prior to the collection of data, permission was obtained from the concerned authority in selected schools at Erode. The research design used for the present study was true experimental design. Simple random sampling technique was used to recruit the study subjects. Study subjects was assigned randomly to either experimental group (n=75) or control group (n=75). Pretest was conducted by using demographic variables and Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test. Experimental group received psychological intervention for 30-45 minutes, twice a week for the period of 1 month. Psychological intervention comprises of VI sessions viz Introduction, SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats) analysis, Recognize emotions, Controlling mood and self-expression, Positive interpersonal relationships, Adaptability and decision Making and Feedback sessions. Control group received standard methods of care. Posttest was conducted at the end of 1st month, by using the same assessment techniques in experimental and control group. Results: Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann-Whitney U test showed statistical significance in augmenting emotional intelligence in experimental group comparatively to the control group among adolescents.

Effect of Access to Immunization Information on Vaccine Acceptance amongst Parents/Caregivers Visiting Health Facilities in Wushishi Local Government Area, Niger State

Globally, vaccines are the most cost-effective medical intervention to prevent death and disease. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of access to immunization information on vaccine acceptance amongst parents/caregivers visiting the major health facilities within Wushishi Local Government Area, Niger State. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for this study. The result of the study showed a mean age of respondents was 26.88 years. 96.5% of the respondents were females, 45.5% had no formal education, 30.7% were unemployed, and 35.5% were of Hausa ethnicity. 65.1% of respondents obtain information on routine immunization within 12 months before the study. 54.5% had satisfactory knowledge of immunization, while 71.5% exhibited a favorable attitude toward immunization. The major source of information was health workers. Those who had access to information were more likely to have good knowledge of immunization (X2=127.246, DF=1, p=0.001) and a more favorable attitude towards immunization (X2=14.155, DF=1, p=0.001). This study has demonstrated that access to information on immunization greatly affects the knowledge and, consequently, the attitude of parents toward making a positive decision to accept vaccination. Efforts should be made to understand the content and effect of information sources on knowledge and attitudes toward vaccination by relevant stakeholders involved in the implementation of immunization programs. Keywords: Access to immunization, Access to immunization information, Vaccine acceptance.