Institutional Position Research Articles

Examining change in social dominance and authoritarianism during New Zealand's nationwide COVID‐19 lockdown

AbstractWe investigated mean‐level changes in social dominance orientation (SDO) and right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA) during (vs before) New Zealand's nationwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) lockdown at a time when New Zealand was led by a left‐leaning government. The number of participants in the study ranged from (Ns = 25,065–24,653). Using propensity score matching to approximate experimental conditions, results show that both ideological motivations decreased slightly during the lockdown but rebounded after restrictions were removed several months later. We also tested whether the lockdown differentially moderated the associations SDO and RWA had with institutional attitudes. Lockdown conditions exacerbated the negative association between SDO and government satistfaction but attenuated the negative association between RWA and government satisfaction. Similar patterns emerged for trust in police and politicians but not trust in science. Although SDO and RWA fluctuated in similar directions during New Zealand's nationwide lockdown, our results indicate that people high in RWA may become more supportive of the government and police under such conditions—even in countries with a left‐leaning political leader helming the pandemic response.

Gender trends in dentistry: Dental faculty and academic leadership.

Gender equality in the healthcare workforce has been a topic of discourse for many decades. In dental academia, women's representation of enrolled students and faculty has risen consistently since the 1980s. However, women in faculty leadership positions may still be lagging when compared to men. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of women who occupy the upper echelons of academic rank and title by analyzing cross-referenced data from the American Dental Association and the American Dental Education Association on women dental school graduates in relation to academic appointments. Gender distribution in rank, title, and appointments in the decade from 2011 to 2019, as well as percentage of women graduates over the same period, were collected for descriptive statistics. Multiple linear regression analysis, Cochran Armitage, and chi-square tests were conducted to examine trends over the years and to determine significant differences in overall percentages (p<0.05). The total women faculty percentages ranged from 36% to 40%. While the lower-level rank of instructor retained a higher representation of women (56%-65%), the higher rank of professor had disproportionately lower women percentages (18%-26%). Graduates, full-time faculty, lower-level academic ranks, and higher-level academic ranks for women followed similar upward trends that were statistically significant (p<0.05). When comparing the different groups against each other, the annual increase in women DMD/DDS graduate percentage was higher than women full-time faculty (0.28%), instructor rank (0.92%), professor rank (0.50%), and department chair appointments (0.49%). Our data show that women are still underrepresented at higher academic ranks. However, the upward trends for professors, assistant deans, and program chairs suggest that in recent years, more women faculty may have been encouraged, mentored, or offered higher administrative positions in academic institutions.

Importance of implementation of listening state policy at the regional level

The concept of Listening State in Kazakhstan was adopted in September 2019 in the Message of the Head of State Kassym-Jomart Tokayev to the people of Kazakhstan. Continuous activities are systematically organized to implement this concept. However, the feedback system between government agencies and the population, which is the main goal of this concept, has not yet been properly formed. In this regard, the main purpose of the study is to develop practical recommendations for improving the activities of local self-government institutions at the regional level in accordance with the concept of Listening State. Carrying out active measures for the development of local self-government, which are the main unit of society, allows us to defend the positions of public administration institutions and the interests of the population. The laws, rules and requirements adopted by the local aelf-government system are the same for all regions of the country; therefore, specific data which were obtained as an object by conducting a survey of respondents consisting of employees of local executive bodies and residents of Turkestan city. During the study, quantitative and qualitative methods were used such as 23 Gaussian Normal Distribution, Spearman Correlation, Analysis of Durbin-Watson coefficients and Regression analysis. As a result, all the methods used made it possible to draw conclusions and make decisions on the topic of the study, as well as to study and clarify common issues arising on the formation of a constructive dialogue between local self-governments and the population in the regions of the country.

Local Gun Safety Enforcement, Sheriffs, and Right-Wing Political Extremism

An increasing number of U.S. sheriffs claim that they will not enforce gun safety policies from state and federal governments in their counties. As locally elected law enforcement with a unique institutional position and significant powers, sheriffs play a key role in local policy implementation. To better understand cooperation (or the lack thereof) between levels of government, we look at these sheriffs’ contentious relationships over firearm regulation. We argue that sheriffs mobilized to resist state and federal gun safety policies through right-wing extremist efforts, tracing the involvement of sheriffs in gun policy over time. Using two surveys of sheriffs (conducted in 2012 and 2021), we show that sheriffs’ preferences against gun safety measures relate to right-wing extremist attitudes, even with controls for political and demographic factors. We demonstrate relationships between sheriffs’ right-wing extremism and an expressed reluctance to support or enforce a wide set of gun safety policies.

A qualitative study of experiences of institutional objection to medical assistance in dying in Canada: ongoing challenges and catalysts for change

BackgroundIn June 2016, Canada legalized medical assistance in dying (MAiD). From the outset, some healthcare institutions (including faith-based and non-faith-based hospitals, hospices, and residential aged care facilities) have refused to allow aspects of MAiD onsite, resulting in patient transfers for MAiD assessments and provision. There have been media reports highlighting the negative consequences of these “institutional objections”, however, very little research has examined their nature and impact.MethodsThis study reports on findings from 48 semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted with MAiD assessors and providers, MAiD team members (working to coordinate care and lead MAiD programs in institutions and health authorities), and family caregivers on their experiences with institutional objection. Participants were recruited from the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsThemes identified were: (1) basis for institutional objection (with objections commonly rooted in religious values and a particular philosophy of palliative care); (2) scope of objection (demonstrating a wide range of practices objected to); (3) lack of transparency regarding institutional position; (4) impacts on patients; (5) impacts on health practitioners; and (6) catalysts for change. Participants reported that many institutions’ objections had softened over time, lessening barriers to MAiD access and adverse impacts on patients and health practitioners. Participants attributed this positive change to a range of catalysts including advocacy by health practitioners and family members, policymaking by local health authorities, education, and relationship building. Nevertheless, some institutions, particularly faith-based ones, retained strong objections to MAiD, resulting in forced transfers and negative emotional and psychological impacts on patients, family members, and health practitioners.ConclusionsThis paper adds to the limited evidence base about the impacts of institutional objection and can inform practical and regulatory solutions in Canada and abroad. Reform is needed to minimize the negative impacts on patients, their caregivers, and health practitioners involved in MAiD practice.

Weighting Analysis of a Fund Portfolio of China's New Energy Vehicle Stocks

We studied the optimal weighting allocation for a portfolio of stocks in China's new energy vehicle industry, using data on circulation market value, price-to-earnings ratio P/E, growth of net profit after deductions, and institutional position share of the new energy industry for the three years 2019-2021. The return was also considered from the above four dimensions. Combining the above four dimensions, a better model for determining the weight of the new energy vehicle stock portfolio is obtained.

Loneliness and Pathos in Heiner Carow's Coming Out (1989)

Abstract: Heiner Carow's Coming Out (1989) is unique as the first (and last) East German feature film to place a homosexual relationship front and center. Coming Out challenges the social and institutional attitudes and conventions of a heterosexist East German society. Taking seriously Carow's suggestion that cinema is a form of debate, this article explores through precise considerations of form and affect how the film sought to move a predominantly heterosexual audience emotionally as part of its project to meaningfully integrate the queer community into the social whole. I analyze the film's mood-rich disclosure of its world, the employment of melodramatic conventions, and the use of strategies that blend the diegetic world with extradiegetic reality. Through my analysis of Coming Out along both aesthetic and affective lines, I emphasize the film's value beyond its amply discussed representation of queer life in the GDR as an example of how cinematic affect operates politically through particular strategies unique to film form.

The effect of organizational agility on crisis management process and organizational resilience: Health sector example

This study aims to use a structural equation model to reveal the effect of organizational agility on crisis management and organizational resilience in health organizations. The study was conducted with a sample of 1208 healthcare professionals working in different positions in public health institutions in Istanbul, located in the Marmara region of Türkiye, using the correlational research design, which is one of the quantitative research methods. Structural Equation Model (SEM) estimation results revealed that organizational agility had a positive, significant effect on crisis management (β = 0.592, p < 0.01) and organizational resilience (β = 0.643, p < 0.01). Considering the coefficient values of organizational agility for the study sample, organizational agility has a greater effect on organizational resilience than on crisis management. A positive, significant relationship was found at 55% (r = 0.550, p = 0.000) between organizational agility and crisis management, at 56.6% (r = 0.566, p = 0.000) between organizational agility and organizational resilience, and at 67.1% (r = 0.671, p = 0.000) between crisis management and organizational resilience. The results of Sensitivity Analysis in Structural Equation Modeling showed that there was a high sensitivity between organizational agility and crisis management and a stronger correlation between organizational agility and resilience. The study concludes with recommendations that are expected to contribute to the literature and improve organizational agility, organizational resilience, and the crisis management process in health organizations.

The Role of Traditional Institution (Keujreun Blang) in Realizing the Agricultural Industrialization in Nagan Raya, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Keujruen Blang is a traditional institution engaged in agriculture to assist farmers in managing rice areas, community development, and solving problems of agricultural businesses. It also involved a village apparatus as a functional technical implementing element that regulates rice field management at the village level geographically in an agricultural area. Therefore, the role and function of Keujreng Blang in the scope of government is crucial to be optimized to increase community participation in village development of Nagan Raya Regency, precisely in Beutong District, Babah Krueng Village. This area is one of the agricultural villages that must realize industrialization in food independence. Using BPS data, rice production in Nagan Raya Regency declined from 37,457.89 tons to 21,467.69 tons. This study was carried out qualitatively with descriptive analysis. Interview techniques, documentation, and focus group discussion were used as data collection methods. Data analysis was employed for data collection, reduction, presentation, and verification or conclusion. The results of this study indicated that the position of traditional institutions is still fragile, nominally and instrumentally. Also, this study showed that Keujruen Blang could not be implemented comprehensively with the provisions of the applicable law.

The Influence of Institutional Investors' Position on Stock Momentum Phenomenon

Momentum phenomenon is one of the most classic anomalies in the field of securities investment. This paper investigates the influence of institutional investors' opening behavior on stock return momentum phenomenon by using the annual investor shareholding data publicly disclosed by listed companies. The findings are as follows: First, there is a positive correlation between institutional investors' opening behavior and stock excess return in one year; Second, if there is an obvious momentum phenomenon in the stock return in the first two years, then the stock return in the next year still depends on the institutional investor's position behavior, and has nothing to do with the investor's momentum strategy. Under the condition that other conditions remain unchanged, for the positive momentum group, if institutional investors buy portfolios substantially in the next year, the stock momentum phenomenon will continue; On the contrary, stock reversal occurs. A similar conclusion was found for the negative momentum group. In addition, the study also found that the momentum phenomenon is statistically significant, but because stock returns cannot be predicted in advance, it is not meaningful in the actual investment process. Therefore, this paper supports and complements the efficient market hypothesis to some extent.

Experience in addressing the gender issue in post-Soviet countries

This article examines the experience of addressing the gender issue in countries formed after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since the national and historical characteristics of all independent states are markedly different, the purpose of the paper is to study the challenges that women had to face, to identify the positive experience of the decision in each case as well as to identify the general trends of such decisions. On the basis of statistical data published by the competent authorities of both the independent states themselves and the Economic Commission for Europe, an analysis was made of such key parameters of equality as employment, average wages, level of access to information, the relative number of representatives in leadership positions in state institutions and representative offices in national parliaments, as well as the general trend of legislative initiatives designed to combat discrimination against women. As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of indicators, the leading states in solving the gender issue were identified, and an assessment was made of the development of this area in the future. This analysis led to the conclusion that the transition of women’s rights issues to the plane of public discourse, the absence of silence concerning the problem, as well as the observance of voting rights are a guarantee of a significant reduction in the level of discrimination in society. The practical significance of the research lies in identifying the leading countries where the gender issue has been resolved positively, as well as formulating recommendations based on their experience for countries where the gender balance is still not respected, which will lead to a general strengthening of the protection of women’s rights.

LEGAL COMPETENCE OF THE EDUCATIONAL MANAGER AND ITS FORMATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MAGISTRATE

The article examines the urgent need for new approaches to the professional training of managers of educational institutions in terms of legal competence, which is emphasized by the current legislation and normative documents of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Ukraine. The advantages of using the situational approach are highlighted, which is organically connected with the activity in the process of pedagogical formation of the legal competence of the future manager in the conditions of the master's degree. The author emphasizes that not only on the basis of the study of classical law disciplines, but also on the basis of new approaches to teaching (for example, situational-activity), it is possible to successfully form the legal competence of future managers of education.&#x0D; In this way, the legal competence of the manager of the second (master's) level of higher education in the specialty 073 Management "Educational Institution Management" obtained at the university should become the basis for the activities of domestic education managers, which will enable our educational institutions to reach new heights of relations with society. With the help of not only classical educational disciplines in law, but also new approaches to teaching (for example, situational-activity: case study, which is connected with activity), the possibility of active and purposeful formation of legal competence of future managers of Ukrainian education can be ensured. It should be clearly oriented to the requirements of the newest domestic market of all, without exception, educational services, precisely to the legal aspects of the professional competences of education managers, who will possess certain abilities and skills regarding their practical application in daily life, while working in managerial positions in educational institutions.

Student perceptions of diverse accents of English in a multilingual London post-1992 university

ABSTRACT Previous research in language attitudes has focused primarily on the attitudes of international students toward different accents of English, the attitudes of home or domestic students in the UK remain still under researched. However, the higher education sector in England is not homogenous, with the two-tier system between research-intensive universities and teaching intensive, or post-1992 universities. There is a lack of understanding of the language attitudes toward diverse accents of English of this underrepresented group of students found primarily in post-1992 institutions. With this in mind, this article has explored student perceptions of diverse accents at a post-1992 university through the Bakhtinian notion of heteroglossia. Contrary to previous attitude studies, our findings suggest that the participants have higher levels of empathy toward varieties of English signaled through accent and that the heteroglossic context of London had had a positive impact on those attitudes. However, the participants still expressed a detectable tension between conforming to the imposed norms of standard language use and pushing against them. The paper concludes with a call to challenge traditional deficit views of multilingualism and increase student critical language awareness in a safe structured environment.

Academic language and learning in higher education: a call to Derridean hospitality

ABSTRACT Academic Language and Learning (ALL) is a relatively recent practice field in Australian Higher Education (HE). Throughout its history, the institutional positioning of ALL has varied significantly in line with an incessantly changing HE environment. Most recently, neoliberal policies and discourses are reconfiguring the professional identities of ALL practitioners and complicating their relationship with students, increasingly depriving both of a hospitable home in universities. Implicit in these discourses is also the depoliticisation of the ALL teacher–student relation and assumptions of mastery of these educators over their object of knowledge, the students. Rather than aligning ALL practitioners with neoliberal subject positionings, this conceptual paper explores the framing of ALL practitioners, particularly their relations with students, in terms of Derridean hospitality. The article details Derrida’s deconstruction of the concept of hospitality in order to (1) examine the complex power dynamics that structure the relationship between ALL practitioners and the student guest/foreigner and (2) insist on an ethical responsiveness to student difference based on responsibility for the other and a radical opening to the new. Derrida’s ideas of hospitality, the paper argues, offers an alternative language for thinking, speaking, and enacting ALL practitioner–student relations and opens new ethico-political horizons.

Non-Meritrocratic Factors Affecting Filling Of Positions In Structural Institutions

The government often use draft meritocracy To promote and hire official based on trend For doing work, record traces, and achievements other. Several big agencies No obey protocol. Paper This researches non-meritocratic aspects of institution structure in a manner thorough. Researchers also wonder about how much a good selection process meritocracy function For tasks structural public. Focus study This is knowledge administration about governance issues post-filling. Method Qualitative used in a study this. Three of the most influential non-meritocratic criteria For getting a position in Indonesia are interest in politics, interest in family, and love or No like. factors This appears Because condition established norms bureaucracy For taking a position.

Legal position of credit institutions as privileged creditors in pre-bankruptcy and bankruptcy procedure

Rad problematizira položaj kreditnih institucija u slučaju kada se nad dužnikom kreditne institucije otvori predstečajni ili stečajni postupak čime kreditna institucija stječe položaj razlučnog vjerovnika stečajnog, odnosno predstečajnog dužnika. Pretežito je analiziran institut razlučnog vjerovnika prema posljednjim izmjenama i dopunama Stečajnog zakona, odnosno naglašeno je u kojim se segmentima njegov položaj izmijenio i u kojoj mjeri. Prethodno je objašnjen sam pojam kreditne institucije i posebnosti njihova poslovanja u Republici Hrvatskoj, a naposljetku autori analiziraju slučaj kada se nad kreditnom institucijom otvori postupak prisilne likvidacije.

Formation of Students’ Legal Consciousness and Civic Position in Higher Education Institutions

Introduction. The principles and values, which form and keep functioning the civil society, should be a priority for all the present and future generations of citizens of the country. At the same time, the theoretical understanding of these categories should be backed up by their practical implementation. Therefore, the article aims at conducting the experimental pedagogical study of the problematic aspects of legal consciousness development for enabling a comprehensive assessment of the civic position maturity level of higher education teachers and students.Materials and Methods. The pedagogical activity management process in a Higher Education Institution and the work of tutors served the material for the present research. The research was conducted using a set of general scientific and specific scientific methods targeted at analysis and systematisation of the relevant materials, as well as at practical and experimental investigation.Results. The content of educators’ and students’ work on development of self-consciousness was considered during both in-class and extracurricular activities. Among the fundamental principles of the pedagogical activity management, the principles of legal consciousness and citizenship, democracy, as well as tolerance and civic actions engagement experience were defined. The features of tutors' work targeted at students’ legal consciousness and civic position formation were also analysed. In addition, the article focused at the need to form and strengthen partnerships with the general public, educational institutions, authorities and business.Discussion and Conclusions. The manageability of the civic self-consciousness development process has been revealed as the main result of the authors’ analytical research. The essential pedagogical requirements for this process have been distinguished: setting up interaction among all participants of this process both during educational as well as extracurricular activities, considering student professional training specifics and involvement of the general public into the process of self-consciousness development. The need to sensitize the teaching methods fostering students’ legal consciousness and citizenship formation has also been mentioned among the pedagogical requirements. The efficiency has been proved of setting up the temporary pedagogical communities of experts working directly with students and elaborating the specialised approaches designated to form the above-mentioned qualities in students through promotion of the special topics and issues within the curricula courses, the study of which can multiply the efficiency of the civil legal consciousness development efforts. The tutor activities programme aimed at students’ civic position formation has been worked out and suggested; step-by-step monitoring of students’ civic position formation process has also been envisaged.

Status Of Pretrial Institutions In Indonesian Criminal Law

This study aims to describe the position of pretrial institutions in the study of criminal law in Indonesia and to analyze the implementation of pretrial institutions as legal remedies for suspects in obtaining justice at the level of investigation and prosecution. This is a normative legal research, which examines statutory regulations in a coherent legal system and unwritten legal values ??that live in society, which are related to the suspect's efforts to obtain justice through the Pretrial Institution. The results of the study state that pretrial is one of the new institutions introduced since the existence of Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code in the midst of law enforcement life. Pretrial Institution arrangements in the Criminal Procedure Code are listed in Article 1 point 10, Chapter X Part One from Article 77 to Article 83. The position of the Judicial Institution in Indonesian positive law is part of the criminal justice system, as well as being part of law enforcement in abstracto or in concreto. In practice, pretrial is usually carried out in a rule of law country like Indonesia as long as the investigation process is carried out based on the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code, although not all pretrial decisions are won by the suspect or the party submitting them. In the process of pretrial examination hearings, of course, the facts, both juridical and material facts, will be considered.

Role of Stereotype Threat, Leadership Aspiration and Work from Home in Gender Gap in Leadership: A Study of the Higher Education Institutions of Pakistan

This study examines the underrepresentation of women in leadership positions in Pakistani higher education institutions (HEIs), where women hold only 4.5% of leadership positions. Despite comprising nearly half of the population and labor force, women tend to pursue teaching careers due to domestic and caregiving responsibilities. Male faculty members predominantly occupy leadership positions in HEIs, which creates stereotype threats and obstacles for female faculty members. The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the situation by increasing domestic and family responsibilities for women. The study used a quantitative, cross-sectional design to collect data from 329 Ph.D. female faculty members working in Pakistani HEIs. The findings offer insights into individual and organisational factors impacting the gender gap in leadership positions and suggest potential remedies to increase the number of women in leadership positions in Pakistani HEIs.

Model of communicative constitution of organization in the management of Borobudur Temple

The purpose of the research is to build a model of the communicative constitution of the organization to overcome the problem of differences in plans and develop a travel pattern of thematic visits with the storytelling method to overcome the buildup in Borobudur Temple, Central Java, Indonesia. The type of research used is a quality approach with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. The study’s results integrated communication and coordination between the Badan Otorita Borobudur and the governing body managing the Borobudur Temple Area. As a solution to the problem, the model of the communicative constitution of the organization integrates goals in the direction of the temple area through communication flows with membership negotiations, self-structuring, coordination of activities in corporate activities, and institutional positions between managers in organization communication activities and coordination. The model of the communicative constitution of the organization will be a solution to integrate the goals of several ministries with different objectives in managing the Borobudur Temple Area.