Positions Of Responsibility Research Articles

Prevalence and pattern of child maltreatment at home among secondary school students in Ibadan North Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria

BackgroundChild maltreatment is an action that endangers a child's health or survival and is often committed by individuals in positions of responsibility, trust, or power. The extent of maltreatment among secondary school students in developing countries, including Nigeria, requires further exploration, and evaluating this burden can inform preventive interventions. ObjectiveThe study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, pattern and factors associated with maltreatment at home among secondary school students in Ibadan North LGA, Oyo State, Nigeria. Participants and settingA cross-sectional study including 422 students in secondary school was conducted in randomly selected secondary schools in Ibadan North LGA, Nigeria using a multistage-sampling procedure to select students. MethodsThe study used a pre-tested, semi-structured, questionnaire administered by the interviewer, incorporating questions on sociodemographic and the child home version of the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST-CH). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test, done by setting the significance level at 5 %. ResultsRespondents had a mean age of 13.9 ± 1.8 years, with 52.1 % being female and 69.5 % living with their parents. More than a quarter (26.8 %) of the respondents experienced all forms of maltreatment, with emotional and physical maltreatment rates at 85.3 % and 81.8 %, respectively, and neglect and sexual maltreatment at 47.4 % and 55.9 %. Age, school type, Parental education, and living arrangements were significantly associated with experience of all forms of maltreatment. ConclusionsAll child maltreatment forms were significantly present among the students. Measures like engaging parents/guardians through parenting programs and sensitization efforts are crucial in reducing the occurrence of maltreatment.

Отношение педагогов к инклюзивному образованию в школе

<p>The work is aimed at identifying the attitude of teachers of general schools to inclusive education. The article presents the results of an empirical study obtained on a sample of teachers of Chelyabinsk (N=678). The study involved respondents aged 20 to 77 years, of which 94% were female and 6% male. The study included the study of three aspects of attitude: modality, character and position. A mass online survey was used, conducted using the Internet service “Yandex. Forms”. The results obtained allow us to say that teachers demonstrate a predominantly positive attitude towards inclusion (63,8%), regardless of their length of service and participation in the implementation of adapted educational programs. It is noted that the attitude towards inclusive education is characterized by the unwillingness of teachers to take a responsible position; weak desire to interact with parents; low readiness to improve their qualifications in matters of inclusion.</p>

THE FIRST WOMEN IN RESPONSIBLE POSITIONS IN THE MINISTRIES OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF POLAND AND UKRAINE (Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna and Nadia Surowcowa)

The article shows the fate of the first women to hold responsible positions in the foreign ministries of Poland and Ukraine in the period of formation of the diplomatic services of both countries during the struggle of Ukrainians and Poles for the restoration of state independence in 1917-1921. At that time, diplomacy was a purely male field of activity. However, Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna in Poland and Nadia Surowcowa in Ukraine have proven that women can work effectively in the diplomatic service. They were both fluent in several foreign languages, demonstrated creative approaches to solving complex problems, and fought for women's rights. Surowcova became the first woman in Ukrainian diplomacy to hold the position of head of an independent unit, the first spokesperson of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the first Ukrainian woman to defend her dissertation at the University of Vienna. Iłłakowiczówna proved the effectiveness of women in Polish diplomacy in various positions, she was the first to use the tools of public diplomacy during foreign trips with lectures on Poland and J. Piłsudski, she introduced diplomatic protocol in the Ministry of Military Affairs. Through their activities, both diplomats left important lessons of responsibility, professionalism, and creativity to future generations of women in diplomacy. The article concludes that these two unique women, despite extraordinary challenges, lived long and vibrant lives, went through fame, envy, oblivion and revival of memory, and became true legends - as diplomats and writer and journalist. Each of them found themselves in the diplomatic service by accident, but immediately realised their mission and pride in joining diplomacy as an important state institution in the days of its formation.

First Level Leadership in Schools: Evidence from Secondary Schools Across Australia

This article presents the results of an investigation into the phenomenon of ‘first level leadership’ in schools. The current theorization of school leadership largely includes senior and middle leaders. Yet there is evidence in schools, as well as recent research, about the existence of ‘first level leaders’. Some scholars might argue that this equates to teacher leadership, but that term is often confounded with middle leadership. First level leadership includes the efforts of teachers who hold positions of responsibility, but experience smaller spans of influence than middle leaders. The study reported here represents the initial phase of a multi-phase research program aimed at clarifying who first-level leaders are and what they do. The aim of the present study was to identify evidence of first level leadership from role descriptions, explanations of governance and leadership structures. The official websites of 675 secondary schools from all sectors and states of Australia were investigated to identify potential first level leadership positions, resulting in evidence from 87 schools. Confirmation of these positions was achieved through descriptions of responsibilities and jurisdictional documents such as role descriptions. The positions included coaches, coordinators and assistant heads. The article concludes with implications for educational leadership theory as well as policy and practices relating to developing school leaders.

Советское законодательство о потребительской кооперации в годы новой экономической политики

The work is devoted to the disclosure of the mechanism of legislative regulation of the organization and activity of consumer cooperation during the development of market relations in the 20s of the twentieth century in Soviet Russia. The author showed how the Soviet government, having switched to a new economic policy, significantly expanded the range and scope of consumer cooperation activities and assigned it a very responsible position in the economic life of the country, including the performance of functions entrusted to it by the state.

Storytelling and good relations: Indigenous youth capabilities in climate futures

AbstractHow can we support young citizens facing chaotic climate futures? This question is urgent, particularly for Indigenous communities who face disproportionate risks and impacts of climate change. For the past three decades, climate‐related education has focused largely on the acquisition of scientific knowledge in instrumental ways, while encouraging individual behaviour change. This approach centres the problem rather than human capabilities to generate solutions, which is especially misaligned with the increasing practice and significance of Indigenous communities’ regenerating self‐determining capabilities. This article reports on a pilot study that uses intergenerational storytelling methods or pūrākau to support leadership capabilities among Indigenous Māori and Pacific young people aged 10 to 14 years in communities at high risk of flooding in Ōtautahi/Christchurch, Aotearoa/New Zealand. The study showed how storytelling locates and scaffolds Indigenous young people into positions of individual and collective responsibility for grappling with “wicked problems” such as climate and injustice and climate‐related challenges as part of the future they will inherit and shape within a broader intergenerational journey of resilience and reclamation.

Poder sobre la micropolítica en la universidad de Esmeraldas

This case of applied anthropology results from a contextual study, from the observation of power relations within the institution, and from the attempt to understand them. After the research work, based on questionnaires and interviews, in addition to the cases attended to by the University Welfare Directorate, the systematization of abuses based on the control of gender body expression, political-economic, and discursive positions is evident. that crossed hair/hair, clothing and militancy. The ethnography within the institution itself, the “Luis Vargas Torres” Technical University of Esmeraldas – the only public university in a province with a majority black population. The student body – to a lesser extent the teaching staff – has been forced to express with their body what the university institutional micropolitics established as normative, and which was intertwined with the racism that the student body did not want to continue assuming as they communicated in their complaints in the Directorate of University Welfare. The creation of the “ALMARGEN” research group helped to generate an applied anthropology, which illuminated the possibility of debating and approving – with some concessions in the initial claims – an affirmative action regulation in which, above all, it tends to create the academic and coexistence environment, which facilitates expression through clothing, speeches, associations and/or creativity of the university community. And that explains that no control will be exercised in classrooms and/or campuses over free expression, with emphasis on hair, also free. Applied anthropology has been more than the expression of a desire, and this is manifested in the fact that women will be the main candidates for positions of responsibility.

Верховний суд як суд першої інстанції щодо справ державної вагомості для України

The article examines the consideration by the Supreme Court as a court of first instance for the certain categories of cases defined by the Codex of Administrative Justice of Ukraine (disputes regarding the results of elections and referenda, inaction of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine regarding the implementation of the results of the All-Ukrainian referendum; acts, decisions, actions or inactions of the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the High Council of Justice, High Qualification Commission of Judges of Ukraine, the subjects of the appointment of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the course of competitive selection, removal of a People’s Deputy of Ukraine from office), as well as in extrajudicial constitutional processes (removal of the President of Ukraine from office due to health or impeachment). The admissibility of such a court hearing by the Supreme Court was established in order to ensure the fastest professional just decision, considering the special significance of solving such cases for the state. The main point of the analysis is that the Supreme Court, which administers justice on the basis of the rule of law, is obliged to protect the status of the Ukrainian nation as the only source of power in Ukraine. Therefore, it has to protect the results of his expression of will in the implementation of a direct form of the democracy (the results of elections and referenda), as well as related to the representative mandate. Considering the issue of appeal of the acts, actions or inaction of some authorities, it is established that it concerns the bodies with the most responsible position in Ukraine, and therefore the resolution of such disputes is urgent for the functioning of the state. The role of the Supreme Court in extrajudicial constitutional processes in establishing the legal facts is important, but is not final in the results of such a process, because the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is responsible for this.

Застосування гнучкої зайнятості на підприємствах

The article substantiates the need to develop and implement a flexible employment policy for employees of enterprises in connection with the course of transformational processes in the external environment and the related need to adapt to their internal environment. The article aims to study the features of the flexible employment policy of enterprises and develop proposals for the formation and implementation of their target programs using a program-target approach. Based on the generalization of literary sources, the features of flexible employment and its policy are analyzed, including the change of social status, organization of working hours, systems and forms of remuneration, and territorial location of employees’ workplaces. The differences between non-standard and flexible employment, their definitions, and the characteristics of crisis and transformational models are clarified. The expediency and advantages of using a program-targeted approach for the formation and implementation of a flexible employee employment policy at the enterprise have been proven. The principles of implementing the program-target approach were formed: planning, purposefulness, systematicity and complexity, compliance with timing and deadlines, limited resources, reflexivity, and success. The content and sequence of the main stages and regularities of applying the program-target approach to forming and implementing the flexible employment policy of the company’s employees are proposed. The typical objectives of the program were formed with their decomposition into supporting and providing ones. A typical form of monitoring the results of the implementation of the target program of flexible employment of the company’s employees for a certain period has been developed, considering the achievement of the values of the control critical indicators of the program by goals, measures, funding volumes and responsible positions of the executors. Keywords: employment, flexible employment, non-standard employment, enterprise, employees.

Style du Leadership et genre Cas des managers de la santé au Maroc

to assess the gender leadership style of managers in the Moroccan health sector. Descriptive study. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), a questionnaire that evaluates leadership style, was used to collect data from 120 managers in the Moroccan healthcare sector (40 female managers and 80 male managers). In Morocco, the representation of women in positions of responsibility and power is still lower than that of men. However, the average score on the transformational leadership style scales for female managers among the 120 people surveyed was 15.51, while the average score on the transactional leadership style scales was only 6.073. While the average score on the transformational leadership style scales for male managers among the 120 respondents was 10.26, the average score on the transactional leadership style scales was 8.57. These results demonstrated the existence of a difference between the leadership style and gender of managers in the healthcare sector. This study was able to confirm the theory underlining the difference between the two leadership styles of male and female managers, even in a sector such as healthcare.

Female creators, directors and screenwriters in TV fiction production in Spain (2000 to 2020): gender inequality and characteristics of the roles

ABSTRACT This study analyses gender inequality in TV fiction production in Spain regarding the three key positions of responsibility, namely creators, directors, and screenwriters, and the characteristics of these roles. Firstly, we recorded the gender of all the individuals identified in the sample, which consists of all television series (N = 546) broadcast from 2000 to 2020 on free-to-air television and streaming platforms. Secondly, the series in which women were involved were studied across years, channels, coverage, and genres. The results reveal that women are underrepresented in all three positions, averaging 31%. Although women creators have the highest rate of gender inequality, they have benefited the most from the arrival of streaming platforms in 2016. Furthermore, women predominantly work in mixed-gender teams with a male majority and rarely do they work solely or in all-female teams, especially among screenwriters.

Does Regional Favoritism Affect Public Investment Budget Allocation? Evidence from Cameroon in the Context of Decentralization

Do officials appointed by the President of the Republic to high positions of responsibility in Cameroon’s public administration influence the allocation of the Public Investment Budget (BIP) in their native departments? If so, what are the motivations and consequences of this type of regional favoritism? To answer this question, we exploited an original database that includes all 58 departments in Cameroon from 2013 to 2020. The results indicate that officials appointed by the President of the Republic who are born in specific departments receive preferential treatment in the allocation of subnational discretionary BIP. This regional favoritism is driven more by electoral motivations than economic considerations. Indeed, to retain their appointed position, which is a discretionary act of the President of the Republic, officials maneuver to ensure that their department of origin benefits more from state subsidies to maximize total electoral and political support. However, regional favoritism has a significant socio-economic impact on the population residing in the native localities of the appointed officials. It creates an inefficient BIP allocation because it leads to an unequal distribution of BIP between departments and the implementation of projects that are not aligned with the actual needs of the beneficiary population. Thus, Cameroon’s public authorities adopt a BIP allocation formula primarily based on budgetary constraints and the socio-economic needs of the population.

TAX COMPLIANCE CONTROL AND AUDIT OF TRANSFER PRICING TRANSACTIONS

The article presents the authors' vision of the features and mechanism of tax compliance control and audit in the management of transfer pricing operations. Effective interaction between business entities and tax authorities in the process of controlling and auditing transfer pricing transactions should be based on the principles of compliance with the help of two tools – assessment of the quality of transfer pricing policy and internal control system (as a result of interaction of internal and external control systems) and assessment of the quality and effectiveness of internal audit of transfer pricing (as a result of interaction of internal control and audit systems). In accordance with the above, tax compliance control and audit becomes a new element of the established system of monitoring of controlled transactions of a business entity, which proposed to understand as the use of tools to confirm the quality and effectiveness of internal control and audit systems of transfer pricing transactions of a business entity by a tax authority, which certifies the taxpayer's commitment and responsibility to comply with tax legislation in terms of compliance with the arm's length principle. Confirmation by the tax authorities of the quality of the transfer pricing policy and internal control and audit system of the entity should be based on the developed, tested and approved system of assessment parameters. Confirmation of the assessment of the quality of the transfer pricing policy and internal control system will demonstrate the responsible position of the taxpayer based on tax compliance with the transfer pricing legislation in accordance with the arm's length principle and will increase the level of trust in it on the part of the tax authorities. In turn, the introduction of such a tool as an internal transfer pricing audit quality assessment into the process of monitoring-controlled transactions will allow the company to submit and use the results of its internal audit in assessing transfer pricing risks to form its tax rating and assess the need to include it in the audit plan. This tool assumes that the internal audit system is sufficient to timely detect violations of tax legislation in the field of transfer pricing in accordance with the arm's length principle.

Creating a bridge between ESG and firm's financial performance in Asian emerging markets: catalytic role of managerial ability and institutional quality

PurposeThe study is aimed at examining the impact of ESG on the financial performance (FP) of firms and determining the difference between the impact of ESG on market-oriented financial performance measure (Tobin’s Q) and internal productivity-based financial measure (ROA). The study has also explored the influence of managerial ability and institutional quality as moderating variables on the relation between ESG and the financial performance of firms (both measures of FP: Tobin’s Q and ROA).Design/methodology/approachThe study is quantitative exploratory and uses panel data of 687 publicly listed companies from the year 2013–2023. Data has been acquired from the reputed data providers and OLS regression has been used for panel data analysis with fixed effects.FindingsThe study reaffirms the positive impact of ESG on the financial performance of firms. Each pillar of ESG (environmental, social, and governance) has been found positively related to both measures of financial performance (Tobin’s Q and ROA). The study reveals that managerial ability and institutional quality, acting as supplementary variables, moderate the relationship between ESG and financial performance of firms.Research limitations/implicationsA limited sample comprising data from only 687 firms was used for the analysis. The latest data was not available, therefore, data from 2013 to 2023 was used in the study.Practical implicationsThis study indicates that ESG practices, which are mostly discretionary in Emerging Economies, can be induced through institutional pressures and ensuring higher quality managers. Policymakers in government institutions have to determine the inefficiencies, corrupt practices, and inconsistencies in policies that lower the effectiveness of institutions making them business-unfriendly. At the organizational level, policymakers need to ensure that responsible positions in the organization are held by managers with higher managerial ability. It is also to be ensured by shareholders that managers do not over-invest in ESG-related projects, particularly in organizations with weaker financial status. For managers, it is important to understand the positive benefits associated with ESG, even though they are in the long term.Social implicationsIn Emerging Economies, the official monitoring and regulatory mechanisms are weak, and lack a supportive attitude toward ESG initiatives. Voluntary and proactive firm-level environmental and social initiatives need to be encouraged and rewarded by institutions with public acknowledgment. ESG should be given priority by organizations for improving the quality of services and better social impact of businesses on society.Originality/valueMost of the past research explored the impact of ESG on financial performance in advanced countries or in emerging markets in a single/limited number of countries or industries. Also, past studies investigated the impact of institutional quality and managerial ability on ESG/financial performance in separate models. Conversely, this study has used a multi-country and multi-industry sample for more generalizable findings. Against the backdrop of the institutional environment of Emerging Economies, the study extends Institutional Theory and Upper Echelon Theory to include the role of managerial ability and institutional quality in the relationship between ESG and firms’ financial performance.

Challenges of Political Parties in the Appointment of Public Positions

Political parties face several challenges when appointing public positions, the importance lies in the need to guarantee efficiency, transparency and legitimacy, in public management it is the selection of suitable and qualified candidates to occupy positions of responsibility in the government. In one context, citizens demand greater professionalism and ethics in public service, ensuring that their candidates have the skills to perform their duties efficiently. At the same time, it is about promoting inclusion and diversity in the appointment of public positions, ensuring the participation of all sectors of society. This means promoting the inclusion of women, young people, indigenous peoples, as well as people with special abilities and groups that have been relegated for many years. This will contribute to strengthening institutions and improving the quality of public management, responding to the demands of increasingly demanding citizens.

Educating future leaders to engage the challenges of a changing world: A blended-learning approach to character and leadership education at the University of Hong Kong.

How can a new generation of students be equipped to take up positions of responsibility in a dynamic global environment, serving as leaders and citizens who will further the good of societies around the world? As the institutions responsible for educating the next generation of citizens and leaders at a formative time in their intellectual and personal development, universities have an important role to play in shaping those who will shape society. While many universities emphasize their desire to raise up future leaders for our challenging times, programmes that actively seek to help students develop qualities of character required for responsible leadership are rare. This article discusses the importance of character in leadership education and draws on a case study programme at the University of Hong Kong, which made use of a creative combination of in-person and online learning to help students grow in their intellectual understanding of leadership as well as in the self-knowledge and virtues of character required to enact responsible leadership in their own lives. The article describes the pedagogical methodology that was employed and presents the results of an exploratory, quasi-experimental longitudinal study of the programme's impact, which was designed to establish proof of concept. The analysis of qualitative data supports the potential of such programmes to make a positive contribution to students' intellectual understanding of leadership as well as their leadership identity and ethical formation1.

Impact assessment of critical success factors (CSFs) in public construction projects of Saudi Arabia

PurposeThere is a limited number of research work on critical success factors (CSFs) in public construction projects in Saudi Arabia. In response to this knowledge gap, the objective of this paper is to assess the impact of CSFs on the government construction projects in Saudi Arabia. The success factors are investigated from a broader consideration of failure criteria, from consideration of most effectiveness in successful project completion and also from consideration of the impact of implementing control processes for successful project completion.Design/methodology/approachThis study has analysed the impact of success factors on construction projects in Saudi Arabia using a descriptive methodology. An exhaustive literature survey is undertaken to identify the success and failure factors related to government construction projects in Saudi Arabia. The survey data are sorted out and analysed by cost, schedule, technical, context and finance dimensions of the projects based on project types, engineering complexity, size, modality, jurisdictional control and funding approach. To evaluate the influence of success factors implementation, qualitative data were collected in a survey via a web-based questionnaire that was sent to officials working and occupying a responsible position in national project guidelines organizations and in government construction organizations in Saudi Arabia. In all, 28 CSFs were identified, ranked and evaluated for their impact on project success. The four identified factors belong to process categories of construction projects, nine factors belong to management of construction projects and 15 success factors are identified for impact assessment of implementation in construction projects.FindingsThe study's findings have identified and ranked the top five CSFs that significantly influence project outcomes, including meeting time targets, adhering to financial budgets, delivering desired outcomes for all stakeholders, effectively managing risks and assembling the appropriate team while optimizing resource allocation. Additionally, the research indicates that hindrances to projects primarily stem from execution, economic, human and political factors. The study advocates for strict controls over incomplete engineering designs and advises against contractors independently handling design work to ensure project success. Additionally, addressing contractors' qualifications and financial matters is crucial for project success. By highlighting these CSFs and challenges, the research provides actionable insights to enhance project management practices in the construction industry.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to the infrastructure projects constructed by governmental bodies with the participation of officials from government organizations. Further study, including private projects and officials working on private projects, may be needed to generalized the research outcome.Originality/valueNumerous studies have investigated CSFs in construction projects, but few have examined their relevance to Saudi Arabian government projects. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying key CSFs specific to Saudi Arabian public sector construction projects and assessing their impact on project success. It advocates for stringent controls in the Saudi Arabian construction sector, emphasizing the importance of preventing incomplete or altered engineering designs by contractors to increase the success rate of public sector projects. This research offers practical insights to stakeholders, advancing project management practices in Saudi Arabia's construction sector for improved outcomes and resource utilization.

The governance, leadership and management of complementary schools: the case of Greek Cypriot schools in England

ABSTRACT The article explores the governance, leadership and management of complementary schools through the case of Greek Cypriot complementary schools in England with a view to developing a research agenda for this under-researched yet significant sector of education for children and young people. Drawing on stakeholder and bottom-up theories of governance that aim to uncover the intricate networks of groups that surround organisations and the systems in which they exist, we highlight the multiple and sometimes conflicting stakes held. This exploratory research involves interviews with five practitioners in positions of responsibility. The governance, leadership and management of these schools matters because there are concerns about their sustainability requiring a greater appreciation of their contribution, the issues they face and how they make decisions with limited resources. We call for further research to increase the understanding of the sector and to improve the support for practitioners, organisations and communities.

The intentional omission in embezzlement and impact on public administration in Ecuador

The objective set forth here is, following a legal analysis of intentional omission in the context of the crime of Embezzlement in Ecuador: To argue the need to implement a reform in Article 28 of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code, so that it clearly describes the possibility of timely and effective sanctioning of public officials who engage in this conduct concerning the crime of Embezzlement. Within Ecuadorian legislation, there is an issue regarding the ability to sanction public officials who, despite holding specific positions of responsibility, fail to fulfill their legal obligation to prevent and avoid the commission of Embezzlement, engaging in intentional omission. This form of typicity is not classified as a crime in Ecuador, and that's fine, as it acts as a general rule and, therefore, would apply to the entire criminal process and to all criminal offenses if the need arises. However, it is necessary to expand the article that foresees it, so that it is clear what it consists of and how it can be technically treated. To do this, a qualitative approach is employed using scientific methods such as analytical, inductive, and exegetic.

Effects of Facilitating Internal Control Mechanisms on Financial Sustainability:The Case of Local Governments in Spain

This paper provides evidence about the effects of facilitating internal control mechanisms on the financial sustainability of local governments. Specifically, it explores the effect of Spanish regulation mandating that municipalities prepare the Annual Financial Control Plan (PACF for its acronym in Spanish). The study is based on the PACFs of 77 Spanish municipalities and relates the quality of risk analysis and the scope of planned public audit activities to the financial sustainability of the municipalities. Our results show that higher quality risk-based planning and increased use of operational audits contribute to financial sustainability. We also find that municipalities with less complex structures and women in positions of responsibility, such as mayor or controller, have greater financial sustainability. In contrast, a lack of resources for the development of the control function is a limiting factor.