Prepositions Research Articles

Clinical value of high frequency combined with low frequency of ultrasound for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis

Objective To analyze the clinical value of high frequency combined with low-frequency ultrasound examination for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Methods From September 2015 to September 2016, 150 patients with suspected acute appendicitis in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Beilun District were selected in the research, the low frequency combined with high frequency ultrasound examination was performed.The diagnostic accuracy of high frequency combined with low frequency ultrasound for patients with acute appendicitis was compared with postoperative pathological findings. Results The diagnostic accuracy of high frequency combined with low frequency ultrasound for periappendicural abscess, simple appendicitis, suppurative appendicitis, gangrenous appendicitis was 95.5%, 94.4%, 97.8%, 97.9%, respectively.The diagnosis accuracy of high frequency combined with low frequency ultrasound for acute appendicitis at prepositional ileum, basin, upward behind cecum, behind ileum was 97.4%, 97.6%, 97.1%, 93.8%, respectively.The accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, the missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of high frequency combined with low frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis were 96.9%, 90.0%, 96.9%, 3.1%, 10.0%, respectively , and compared with the results of postoperative pathologic examination, there were no statistically significant differences(all P>0.05). Conclusion High frequency combined with low frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis has high diagnostic accuracy. Key words: Ultrasonography; Appendicitis; Acute disease; Diagnosis

A lightweight multi-beam cylindrical Luneberg lens antenna loaded with multiple dielectric posts

A multi-beam cylindrical Luneberg lens antenna loaded with multiple light dielectric posts for the purpose of light weight is presented. The antenna is based on a parallel-plate waveguide and specifically composed of 10 E-shaped patch antennas feeds, 2 parallel plates, and 491 epoxy posts. The equivalent gradient index of the Luneberg lens antenna is realized via the positions of the epoxy posts between the parallel plates. The features of low-profile height (0.55λ) and large radiating area (4.4 × 0.55λ2) of the cylindrical Luneberg lens result in wide beamwidth in elevation plane and high gain while operating at 4 GHz. Consequently, the 3 dB beamwidth in the elevation plane is >65°. Furthermore, the multi-beams cover a wide scan angle of 120° in the azimuth plane. The measured aperture efficiency of the fabricated lens antenna is above 50% from 3.9 to 4.3 GHz. In addition to the good radiation performance, features of light weight and ease of fabrication have also been demonstrated for the proposed lens antenna.

Studies on flexible rockfall barriers for failure modes, mechanisms and design strategies: a case study of Western China

A field investigation on the actual protective performance of a flexible rockfall barrier along a mountain road in western China is presented in this paper. The total area of the flexible rockfall barrier under investigation was approximately 20,000 m2. Five typical failure modes of the flexible rockfall barrier were revealed, including steel post buckling, connection failure, ring net destruction, steel cable rope breakage and anchorage point failure. In addition, component rusting, which leads to decrease in durability, was noted. Furthermore, failure mechanisms were analysed, and the main factors that were found to induce flexible rockfall barrier failure included the sliding capacity of the cable ropes at the end post support positions, the boundary conditions of the steel posts and the compatibility between the energy dissipating devices and connected cable ropes. From these observations, corresponding design strategies were proposed. In addition, an improved flexible rockfall barrier system was constructed, and its effectiveness was verified by a full-scale impact test using 5000 kJ of impact energy. Finally, the impact deflection, impact force, cable force and energy dissipation of the improved flexible rockfall barrier system were studied in combination with a non-linear numerical simulation which could be a useful tool for design of flexible barrier systems.

Failure loads of all-ceramic cantilever fixed dental prostheses on post-restored abutment teeth: influence of the post presence and post position.

The influence of a fiber post-restored abutment tooth on the load capability of a three-unit zirconia framework cantilever fixed dental prosthesis (cFDP) was evaluated after simulated clinical function. Human lower sound premolars (n=64) were distributed, in equal numbers, to four experimental groups: two vital abutment teeth (group I; control); mesial abutment tooth post-restored (group II); distal abutment tooth post-restored (group III); and mesial and distal abutment teeth post-restored (group IV). All specimens received an adhesively luted three-unit cFDP of veneered zirconia. Simulated clinical function was performed by two subsequent sequences of thermal-cycling (2×3,000 cycles) and mechanical loading (1.2×106 load cycles from 0 to 50N) (TCML). Four specimens failed during TCML (one in each of groups I and IV and two in group II). The maximum load capability ranged from 365 to 538N and was not significantly different between groups. Specimens with post-restored abutments failed mainly because of abutment tooth fracture of the distal abutment. The presence or position of post-restored abutment teeth has no significant impact on load capability of all-ceramic three-unit cFDPs. The risk of tooth fracture of the distal abutment teeth of a cFDP was significantly increased when one abutment tooth, irrespective of its position, was post-and-core restored.

Experimental investigation of an S-band triple cavity oscillator

The triple cavity oscillator (Tritron) is an improved high power microwave (HPM) oscillator from the dual cavity oscillator (Bitron), in which an intermediate cavity is introduced to enhance the beam modulation depth and improve the conversion efficiency by optimizing the phase between the modulated beam and the field in the intermediate cavity. There are only three cavities in the device, which makes it fit for developing compact HPM source. In this paper, an S-band Tritron is proposed and investigated experimentally. By means of adjusting the axial position of the support posts, the self-oscillation phenomenon observed in the experiment is efficiently suppressed without affecting the characteristics of the working mode. An output power of 1.8GW with the pulse width of 46ns and the frequency of 2.46GHz is obtained in the experiment under the condition of the 0.7T guiding magnetic field, and the axial length of the interaction region is only 11cm.

The Postposition bok in the Arara language

The Postposition bok in the Arara language

Yaratıcı Drama ile Canlılar Dünyasına Yolculuk

Bu arastirmada 3.sinif ‘Canlilar Dunyasina Yolculuk’ unitesinin yaratici drama yontemiyle islenmesi surecinde ogrencilerin fen bilimleri dersi ile yaratici drama yontemine yonelik goruslerine, fen bilimleri dersi basarilarindaki degisime ve fen bilimleri dersine yonelik ilgilerine etkisi arastirilmistir. Calismada tek gruplu deneysel desen yontemi uygulanmistir. Arastirma verilerinin elde edilmesinde 14 acik uclu sorudan olusan fen bilimleri anket formu, basari testi, 6 maddeden olusan yari yapilandirilmis gorusme sorulari, uygulama sureci ile ilgili ogretmen gorusu ve yansitici gunlukler kullanilmistir. Arastirma Mus ili merkezinde bulunan bir devlet okulunun, 3. sinifta ogrenim goren 27 ogrenci ile yurutulmustur. Uygulamanin sonunda calismaya katilan gonullu 7 ogrenci ile gorusme yapilmistir. On test-son testlerin analizinde ogrencilerin on test-son test puanlari karsilastirilmistir. Yapilan analizler sonucunda on test-son test sonuclari incelendiginde, yaratici drama yonteminin ogrencilerde fen bilimleri dersi basarisini istatistiksel olarak anlamli duzeyde artirdigi gorulmustur. Ogrenciler yaratici drama yontemi ile ders islemekten zevk aldiklari, eglenerek ogrendikleri, fen bilimleri dersine karsi ilgilerinin arttigi seklinde gorus belirtmislerdir. Arastirma sonuclarindan yola cikarak yaratici drama yonteminin fen bilimleri dersinde kullanilmasina yonelik oneriler sunulmustur.

Las colocaciones gramaticales: una tendencia a la transitivización (me entero de que→me entero que)

The present study begins by briefly illustrating why grammatical collocations do not meet a traditional definition of collocation, i.e. of two units that frequently and preferentially appear together. Next, itdiscusses the role of prepositions in grammatical collocations and questions whetherthey carry specific semantic meaning or rather function as mere links between verb and complement and should thus be considered semantically empty.Finally, it analyses the frequency of queismo and dequeismo with the verb enterarse in adiachronic corpus of Spanish (CORDE). Our results lead us to hypothesize that, in written language, queismo is a consequence of a tendency of the language towards economy: in the presence of two subordinating links –a preposition and a conjunction – the preposition is droppedin order to avoid having a subordinate clause with a personal verb form. However, we could also hypothesize that the drop of the preposition before que is a consequence of the influence of other languages, such as Catalan, French, Italian and Portuguese,in the works of Spanish writers.

UNDERSTANDING AND TRANSFORMING SCHOOLS THROUGH THE IMPACT OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of an eE™ective administrator and the dynamics and outcome of her administrative decisions.

Tyrrhenian sea level at 2000 BP: evidence from Roman age fish tanks and their geological calibration

Following the pioneering work of Schmiedt et al. (1972) on establishing the level of the Tyrrhenian Sea in Antiquity, a number of studies have examined this evidence from Roman Period fish tanks but with significantly different outcomes due primarily to different interpretations of the functional level of these pools at the time of their construction. As part of a longer term project to understand the causes of sea-level change around the Italian coast, we have reexamined and resurveyed 12 well-documented fish tanks, all based on the same construction principles, from the Tyrrhenian coast (between Formia and Orbetello) for which it can be established that they were in open contact with the sea at the time of operation. The structural features that tidally control the exchange of water used to define the ancient local sea level are identified as the channel thresholds, the sluice gate and sliding post positions, and the lowest level crepido. These are consistent for all the tanks examined, permitting the local sea-level change over the past 2000 years to be established at each location with a precision of ± 20 cm and against which other coastal archaeological features can be calibrated. We conclude that published local sea levels that are based on the present-day elevations of the foundations of protective walls constructed around the tanks and lie ~ 50 cm above our inferred levels are inconsistent with the successful functioning of the water exchange and have to be rejected. In one case, for Santa Liberata, we have been able to calibrate our interpretation against sedimentary evidence from the nearby Orbetello Lagoon that confirm our interpretation of the functional control level of the tanks and we conclude that the accuracy of our local sea levels is also ± 20 cm. The causes of sea-level change along this section of the coast are several, including land motion driven by tectonic and glacio-isostatic processes and any change in ocean volume. The individual estimates for the observed local sea levels range from − 0.9 to − 1.5 m with a mean value of − 1.22 ± 0.20 m. These values show that the spatial variability of the local levels is small and consistent with model-inferences of the glacio-isostatic process that indicate near-constant contributions for this section of coast and with tectonic inference from the elevations of the Last Interglacial shoreline.

How elastic is your preposition?

How elastic is your preposition?

Refining a Summer Biomedical Research Training Program for American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Students

Literature shows that students who enter the science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medical-related (STEMM) pipeline at earlier stages of their career are more likely to be successful. This is especially true for underrepresented and economically disadvantaged students. Despite the increasing number of students entering the pipeline, American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) students still have a higher attrition rate compared to other ethnic groups. Educators and government agencies have worked to improve the success rate for AIAN students across all levels and fields by developing various programs aimed at training and mentorship. In 2007, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, MD, increased their outreach efforts for recruiting AIAN students for the summer internship program. Our goal was to develop a culturally tailored research-training program that could recruit and retain AIAN students into STEMM degrees and careers. We adapted an existing program that provides training in biomedical science and mentorship at an NINDS research laboratory. From 2007 to 2016, of the 41 AIAN interns who participated, 35 (85%) remained in STEMM fields. Five interns obtained post baccalaureate positions at NIH and four entered graduate or medical school. These successful outcomes were brought about only after navigating myriad obstacles. We identified obstacles for AIAN student participation, and made adaptations to the summer internship. We made design decisions regarding recruitment, feasibility, lab placement and mentorship, supporting research and social networking, and sustaining AIAN culture. This design case highlights the obstacles and strategies for success that we developed.

Bridging Grammar and Communication: Focusing on the Preposition Of

Bridging Grammar and Communication: Focusing on the Preposition Of

Prepositional Variation Observed in the Adjective Effective

Prepositional Variation Observed in the Adjective Effective

A HINDSIGHT THROUGH THE YEARS. MEMOIRS (CONTINUATION)

Евгений Михайлович СЕРГЕЕВ (1914-1997) - крупнейший советский и российский ученый в области грунтоведения, инженерной геологии и охраны геологической среды, талантливый педагог Московского государственного университета, выдающийся организатор геологической науки, академик АН СССР и РАН, лауреат Ленинской и Государственных премий СССР, участник Великой Отечественной войны 1941-1945 гг. По инициативе Е.М. Сергеева в 1978 г. в издательстве «Наука» был открыт академический журнал «Инженерная геология» (сейчас существующий под названием «Геоэкология: инженерная геология, гидрогеология, геокриология»), главным редактором которого он являлся до 1987 г. На страницах нашего журнала перепечатывается книга Е.М. Сергеева «Взгляд сквозь годы. Воспоминания», вышедшая в 2014 году в издательстве «ГЕОС» под редакцией В.И. Осипова (составители - О.Н. Еремина, Н.Е. Сергеева). Основой для нее послужили книги ученого «За строкой фронтового письма» (М.: Воениздат, 1985), «Московский университет: взгляд сквозь годы» (М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1992), а также его мемуары, не издававшиеся ранее. В публикации приводится правдивый рассказ о жизненном пути академика, неразрывно связанном с историей нашей страны.

A 50‐Ω microstrip line fed shorted equilateral triangular microstrip antenna

AbstractFor the fundamental TM10 mode of an equilateral triangular microstrip antenna (ETMSA), along its height, the impedance value is maximum at the vertex, zero at the isocenter and finite value at the base. Along the base, the impedance remains constant in between 150 to 200 Ω, depending upon the design. Thus, 50‐Ω microstrip (MS) line cannot be used to directly feed an ETMSA at its base. Instead, either inset or impedance transformer is used to facilitate the 50‐Ω MS line feed. In this article, a simple MS line feed at the base is proposed using a single shorting post for impedance matching. By inserting a shorting post (via) closer to the edge of the base of an ETMSA, a wide range of impedances can be achieved at any of the edge by selecting proper shorting positions. A detailed investigation of an ETMSA with variation in shorting post position is carried out for the direct MS line feed. Experiments have been carried out to validate the concept.

The semantics of underived event nouns in French

This paper deals with underived nouns that denote events in French (e.g. crime ‘crime’, proces ‘trial’, emeute ‘riot’, seisme ‘earthquake’). We compare the properties of these nouns with those of deverbal nominalizations, especially as regards complement structure and lexical aspect. The heterogeneity and specificities of underived event nouns (UENs) are highlighted. First, the event denotation for UENs can have various semantic origins, and be derived metaphorically or metonymically from a non-event meaning. Second, some UENs are completely autonomous event nouns and never combine with participant-denoting complements, whereas others are role assignors and determine the semantics of their prepositional complements. Despite those specificities, UENs share many properties with deverbal event nouns, most notably regarding lexical aspect. UENs can denote durative or punctual, telic or atelic, foreseen or unforeseen events. We argue that lexical aspect is not primarily a property of verbs. It is a matter of semantic rather than grammatical categories, and fundamentally depends upon the denotation of eventualities

ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ REASONING PROCESS IN UNDERSTANDING THE PHENOMENON OF FALLING FRUIT: MISCONCEPTION OR P-PRIMS?

This research aims to unveil elementary schools’ reasoning process in understanding the phenomenon of falling fruit with their limited knowledge about it. This research employed qualitative approach with the approach of The Investigation of Lived Experience assisted with Cognitive Psychology. The data of this research were obtained by written test and interview. The subjects of this research were the students of 4th and 6th grade with the samples of 3 students in each class. The result showed that the reasoning of elementary school students were mostly inductive. Only one respondent had deductive reasoning. The result also showed that the case of p-prims with inductive analysis was caused by analogy and intuition, while p-prims with deductive analysis happened due to inadequate ability to explain certain phenomenon. Misconception was formed by two inductive reasonings, (1) inductive reasoning with unrelated premises and (2) inductive reasoning with related premises; however, incorrect preposition. Other findings related to this research is the initial understanding of the respondents was formed as p-prims and some other was formed as misconception.

ДВИЖЕНИЕ К УСПЕХУ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИННОВАЦИЙ

ДВИЖЕНИЕ К УСПЕХУ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИННОВАЦИЙ

Prepositions Formed with iz- / из- in Croatian and Russian

Prepositions Formed with iz- / из- in Croatian and Russian