Portable Video Research Articles

Impact of dispensing optical, nonoptical, and electronic devices on the visual function of students attending the schools for the blind

Background: Many students attending schools for the blind have some vision that can be made use of to improve their vision function. Aims: Our study aimed to assess the impact of optical, nonoptical, and electronic devices on vision function of visually impaired students. Setting and Design: This prospective interventional study was conucted in schools for the blind in western Maharashtra, India. Methods: Students attending schools for the blind were evaluated with history-taking, visual acuity tests, ocular examinations, fundoscopy, and low vision workup in 2022–2023. The LV Prasad Functional Vision Questionnaire assessed impact on vision function, before and after 3-month adaptation period. Results: Five hundred and thirty-five students aged 5–25 years with visual acuity <6/60 in the better eye from eight schools were evaluated. Among them, 172 (31.77%) received low vision aids, with 144 (84.70%) using nonoptical devices such as NoIR filters, Caps, Typo scopes, and White canes. Optical devices such as telescopes and magnifiers in 35 and electronic devices like portable video magnifier in 11 students. Forty-six received all three types. There was a significant enhancement (P < 0.001) in tasks related to distance, near vision, mobility, and outdoor lighting conditions for students using nonoptical devices alone or combined with optical aids and video magnifiers. Among the 119 (70%) students using nonoptical devices, 80 (67.22%) exclusively used them, while 42 (32.77%) combined them with other aids, showing even more substantial improvement. Conclusion: Optical, nonoptical and electronic, when used together improved vision function of visually impaired students.

Evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children undergoing administration of local anesthesia.

Administration of local anesthesia via injection is the main reason for inducing anxiety in children and if not intervened it aggravates the anxiety in subsequent appointments. There are many approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that can be used to reduce children’s perception of pain and anxiety. A frequently used non-pharmacological behaviour management method to reduce anxiety and procedure pain is distraction. The rationale of distraction is to shift the attention to avert the brain from receiving unwanted stimulus which induce anxiousness. Many approaches including music, television, portable video games, virtual reality (VR) helmet, and virtual reality audio-visual eyewear, have been implemented so far. Kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles may help as distraction techniques in reducing the levels of anxiety caused during administration of local anesthesia. By the aid of which the operator may be able to make the dental experience child friendly and ultimately provide quality dental care to anxious children. Non pharmacological measures of reducing pain are cost effective and best means that can be used while performing dental procedures. This is a research protocol for a study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children.

The need for police officers to use portable video recorders when responding to domestic violence situations

The article examines the use of portable video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to situations related to domestic violence.
 Domestic violence is a very common problem that needs to be addressed by the National Police of Ukraine. The main tasks of the police in the field of combating domestic violence are: timely response and combating this type of offense, bringing offenders to legal responsibility, in accordance with current legislation. In our opinion, one of the unsolved problems that is not sufficiently studied in the legislation is the use of video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to various types of offenses, such as domestic violence.
 The use of portable video recorders (portable video recording cameras) by precinct police officers is a practice that is becoming more common in many countries. These devices can have a significant impact on ensuring security, increasing accountability and transparency of police actions.
 A study of judicial practice indicates a tendency that courts of various levels increasingly note the lack of sufficient evidence from precinct police officers, which would possibly confirm the legality of their decisions to issue an urgent restraining order. In fact, only the prohibition order itself, which briefly outlines the essence of the case, and the statement of the victim, as well as other materials regarding the administrative offense, is not enough for the courts. Also, the study of judicial practice indicates that there are frequent cases of appeals against the decisions of district police officers regarding the issuance of urgent orders, which indicates the need to improve the mechanism of implementing special measures in the field of combating domestic violence.

Evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children undergoing administration of local anesthesia.

Administration of local anesthesia via injection is the main reason for inducing anxiety in children and if not intervened it aggravates the anxiety in subsequent appointments. There are many approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that can be used to reduce children’s perception of pain and anxiety. A frequently used non-pharmacological behaviour management method to reduce anxiety and procedure pain is distraction. The rationale of distraction is to shift the attention to avert the brain from receiving unwanted stimulus which induce anxiousness. Many approaches including music, television, portable video games, virtual reality (VR) helmet, and virtual reality audio-visual eyewear, have been implemented so far. Kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles may help as distraction techniques in reducing the levels of anxiety caused during administration of local anesthesia. By the aid of which the operator may be able to make the dental experience child friendly and ultimately provide quality dental care to anxious children. Non pharmacological measures of reducing pain are cost effective and best means that can be used while performing dental procedures. This is a research protocol for a study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children.

Observation and density estimation of a large number of skin capillaries using wide-field portable video capillaroscopy and semantic segmentation.

Skin capillaries are non-invasively observable; their structure and blood flow can reflect tissue and systemic conditions. Quantitative analysis of video-capillaroscopy images yields novel diagnostic methods. Because the capillary structure is heterogeneous, analyzing more capillaries can increase the evaluation reliability. We developed a system that can observe and quantify numerous capillaries and verified the performance on human skin. We developed a portable video-capillaroscope with a spatial resolution higher than and a wide field of view () and a method to evaluate capillary numbers and areas using U-Net. The model was trained and tested with 22 and 11 cropped images () obtained from 11 participants, respectively. They were then applied to the images from four participants. Segmentation results were compared to ground-truth at the pixel level and capillary-region level. Over 1000 capillaries were simultaneously observed using the proposed system. Although pixel-level segmentation performance was low [intersection over union (IoU) = 24.5%], the number and area could be estimated. These values differed among four participants and seven sites, and they changed after skin barrier destruction. The proposed system allows for observing and quantifying numerous skin capillaries simultaneously, suggesting its potential for evaluating tissue and systemic conditions.

Comparison of Intubating Condition of the McGrath® Video Laryngoscope With and Without Muscle Relaxant

Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the intubating conditions using the McGrath® Series 5 Portable Video Laryngoscope (VL) with and without a muscle relaxant.Material and Methods: This randomized, prospective study was performed in 34 patients with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologist) I-II who required oroendotracheal tube intubation. The patients were divided into two groups asthe rocuronium group and the placebo (saline) group. McGrath® VL intubation was initiated after 90 seconds when thepatient was fully relaxed. The primary outcome was the conditions of tracheal intubation between the two groups. Thesecondary outcome were the success rate of the first intubation attempt, time to intubation, required propofol dosagefor intubation, and the anesthetic events during the intraoperative and recovery room periods were evaluated.Results: Compared to the placebo group, the intubating conditions in the rocuronium group were more acceptable(excellent or good conditions) (88.2 vs. 41.2%; p-value=0.007). There were no significant differences in the successrates of first attempt intubations (16(94.1), 13(76.5); p-value=0.4). In comparison to the rocuronium group, the placebogroup required more propofol (218 mg vs. 186 mg; p-value=0.023). The rates of intraoperative and recovery roomevents were similar.Conclusion: Overall the intubating conditions when using the McGrath® VL Series 5 Portable Video Laryngoscope usingmuscle relaxants were more acceptable than when not using muscle relaxants, but there were no significant differencesin the number of attempts, time to intubation, and anesthetic events between the study groups.

Evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children undergoing administration of local anesthesia.

Administration of local anesthesia via injection is the main reason for inducing anxiety in children and if not intervened it aggravates the anxiety in subsequent appointments. There are many approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that can be used to reduce children's perception of pain and anxiety. A frequently used non-pharmacological behaviour management method to reduce anxiety and procedure pain is distraction. The rationale of distraction is to shift the attention to avert the brain from receiving unwanted stimulus which induce anxiousness. Many approaches including music, television, portable video games, virtual reality (VR) helmet, and virtual reality audio-visual eyewear, have been implemented so far. Kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles may help as distraction techniques in reducing the levels of anxiety caused during administration of local anesthesia. By the aid of which the operator may be able to make the dental experience child friendly and ultimately provide quality dental care to anxious children. Non pharmacological measures of reducing pain are cost effective and best means that can be used while performing dental procedures. This is a research protocol for a study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children.

Portable Video Media: Improving The Induction of Labour Journey

Rates of induction of labour (IOL) in the United Kingdom continue to rise. However, research continues to identify high rates of dissatisfaction including information that is shared with women and birthing people prior to making an informed decision. This paper explores the use of portable video media to enhance and complement counselling for IOL with the aim of providing consistent and accurate messages to improve the overall experience.

Evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children undergoing administration of local anesthesia.

Administration of local anesthesia via injection is the main reason for inducing anxiety in children and if not intervened it aggravates the anxiety in subsequent appointments. There are many approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that can be used to reduce children's perception of pain and anxiety. A frequently used non-pharmacological behaviour management method to reduce anxiety and procedure pain is distraction. The rationale of distraction is to shift the attention to avert the brain from receiving unwanted stimulus which induce anxiousness. Many approaches including music, television, portable video games, virtual reality (VR) helmet, and virtual reality audio-visual eyewear, have been implemented so far. Kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles may help as distraction techniques in reducing the levels of anxiety caused during administration of local anesthesia. By the aid of which the operator may be able to make the dental experience child friendly and ultimately provide quality dental care to anxious children. Non pharmacological measures of reducing pain are cost effective and best means that can be used while performing dental procedures. This is a research protocol for a study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children.

Outpatient long-term video EEG as new diagnostic approach in Germany: results of a feasibility study

In Germany, long-term video EEG as the gold standard for the diagnostics of epilepsy and other seizure disorders, is currently only available for inpatient monitoring in alimited number of specialized centers. These limited monitoring capacities and the large amount of associated time and work resources lead to asignificant waiting time for this important diagnostic procedure nationwide. New portable sensor technology and automated data analysis methods are creating opportunities for gold standard long-term video EEG assessments in outpatient settings, which may help to resolve this barrier. Here, we report the results of asingle-center feasibility study by implementing outpatient long-term video EEG (ALVEEG) as adiagnostic pathway in Germany. In the new diagnostic pathway, the use of innovative, portable video EEG monitoring systems along with artificial intelligence-assisted data analysis are intended to provide those patients affected by seizure disorders with amore rapid, efficient, and cross-sectoral access to gold standard diagnostics in the home environment. The diagnostics were well accepted by patients and clinicians and may represent acomplementary option to inpatient monitoring to eliminate current bottlenecks in diagnostics and care.

Transitioning a Research Protocol for Videosomnography to Assess Sleep and Nighttime Caregiving Activities in School-Aged Children With Developmental Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected children with developmental disabilities (DDs)' sleep. Videosomnography is a noninvasive, portable time-lapse video recording system to objectively obtain a child's sleep-wake behaviors and parents' caregiving activities in a natural environment. From September 2020 to February 2021, we conducted a feasibility study using actigraphy (in mothers) and videosomnography in children with DDs for seven consecutive nights to assess sleep and nighttime caregiving activities. Because of the pandemic, we developed and implemented alternative data collection strategies, such as delivering a "study package" with easy-to-follow written instructions and emailed video-recorded instructions on recording a child's sleep. We aimed to enroll 10 mothers and 10 school-aged children with DDs and achieved this goal. Nine out of 10 mothers completed video recordings of their child's sleep, with only 10% missing data for videosomnography. This paper shared adaptations to our videosomnography protocol and lessons learned.

Preventing Patient Falls Overnight Using Video Monitoring: A Clinical Evaluation.

Inpatient falls are devastating for patients and their families and an ongoing problem for healthcare providers worldwide. Inpatient falls overnight are particularly difficult to predict and prevent. The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate effectiveness of overnight portable video monitoring as an adjunct falls prevention strategy for high falls risk patients in inpatient clinical units. Over three months, three clinical inpatient wards were provided with baby monitor equipment to facilitate portable video monitoring. Portable video monitoring registers were completed nightly and nursing staff were invited to complete surveys (n = 31) to assess their experiences of using portable video monitoring. A total of 494 episodes of portable video monitoring were recorded over the three-month period, with clinical areas reporting a total of four inpatient falls from monitoring participants (0.8% of total portable video monitoring episodes). Overall, there was a statistically significant reduction in total inpatient falls overnight on the target wards. Surveyed nursing staff reported feeling better equipped to prevent falls and indicated they would like to continue using portable monitoring as a falls prevention strategy. This study provides evidence to support the use of portable video monitoring as an effective falls prevention strategy in the hospital environment.

Building Daily Living Skills Through Portable Video Modeling.

This study used video modeling via portable technology to improve daily living skills for a student with an intellectual disability in a university campus-based transition program. Results showed increased independence across four daily living skills. Implications for future practice are discussed.

Microteaching: Theoretical Origins and Practice

Through a selective review of the literature, this article examines the theoretical origins and early use of microteaching and charts its development over the last nearly six decades in the field of teacher education. From its beginning in the 1960’s as a method for pre-service teacher behavioural modification with new portable video technology, to today’s mini-lessons recorded on students’ phones, microteaching has evolved with the trends in educational theory and technology. Today’s microteaching research and practice should be informed by those that have come before it, but also reflect the field’s current trends in practice and theory.

Effect of a portable computer-based educational intervention video on the outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Effect of a portable computer-based educational intervention video on the outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Assessing the Impact of a New Urban Greenway Using Mobile, Wearable Technology-Elicited Walk- and Bike-Along Interviews

Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality, causing an estimated 3.3 million deaths worldwide. Characteristics of the built environment, including buildings, public spaces, pedestrian and cycling infrastructure, transportation networks, parks, trails and green spaces can facilitate or constrain physical activity. However, objective study of built environment interventions on physical activity remains challenging due to methodological limitations and research gaps. Existing methods such as direct observations or surveys are time and labour intensive, and only provide a static, cross-sectional view of physical activity at a specific point in time. The aim of this study was to develop a novel method for objectively and inexpensively assessing how built environment changes may influence physical activity. We used a novel, unobtrusive method to capture real-time, in situ data from a convenience sample of 25 adults along a newly constructed urban greenway in an area of high deprivation in Belfast, UK. Walk/bike-along interviews were conducted with participants using a body-worn or bicycle-mounted portable digital video camera (GoPro HERO 3+ camera) to record their self-determined journeys along the greenway. This is the first study to demonstrate the feasibility of using wearable sensors to capture participants’ responses to the built environment in real-time during their walking and cycling journeys. These findings contribute to our understanding of the impact of real-world environmental interventions on physical activity and the importance of precise, accurate and objective measurements of environments where the activity occurs.

An Evaluation of a Clinic-Based Low Vision Device Lending Library

As the efficacy of low vision service provision is facilitated by clients’ access to and proper use of low vision devices, the objective of this study was to evaluate an outpatient clinic-based low vision device lending library program and the functional and psychosocial impact that device use had upon clients. Twenty individuals borrowed portable video magnifiers during the study period. Line items from the Revised-Self-Report Assessment of Functional Visual Performance and the Reading Behavior Inventory were analyzed before and after device loan at two months. The Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale-10 and a semi-structured interview were also completed at two months. Reported improvements in reading performance and satisfaction levels on the Reading Behavior Inventory were significant (p<.001). The Revised-Self-Report Assessment of Functional Visual Performance indicated improved independence in reading medications, bills and labels. Higher scores in happiness, independence, sense of control and adaptability on the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale-10 indicated device retention at two months. Qualitative themes included improved independence, time needed to acclimate to the device, personal appraisal impacting motivation and challenges specific to low vision. This article provides occupational therapists a model to facilitate access, person-device fit and successful use of low vision devices to promote therapy outcomes.

Value of an Action Cam in Surgical Pathology.

Grossing of surgical pathology specimens is a complex task, which may be challenging to master correctly. Despite the growing use of digital technology in other aspects of surgical pathology, little has been done so far to modernize the documentation of grossing. We used a portable video camera ("GoPro") to document different grossing procedures. The video material may be used for teaching purposes or might enhance the more commonplace macroscopic description by adding another dimension. Furthermore, video documentation may encourage the discussion of upcoming clinical questions or help rectify some possible initial impreciseness.

Automated abnormal potato plant detection system using deep learning models and portable video cameras

Potatoes are the world’s most important root and tuber crop. A diseased seed potato can produce approximately 10 potato tubers, and the disease can propagate through the seed potato production cycle. To promote stable potato production, quality seed potatoes that are healthy and disease-free should be supplied. The Japanese government established a propagation system for the production and distribution of seed potatoes. Experienced laborers are required in the fields for visual inspection and removal of abnormal plants during seed potato production. To aid visual detection, reduce labor effort, and improve assessment time, we developed an automated abnormal potato plant detection system that utilizes a portable video camera and deep learning models. The proposed system detects abnormal plants or leaves considering the stage of growth. It detects three cases: (i) abnormal potato plants in the early growth stage, (ii) abnormal potato plants in comparison to the surrounding plants, and (iii) abnormal potato leaves. For the abnormal and healthy potato plant classification, the accuracy was ~90%, and the average precision (AP) for detection was 78.2%. Furthermore, the classification accuracy of the abnormal and healthy potato leaf classification was 96.7%, and the AP for detection was 90.5%. Therefore, the proposed system can be used to detect abnormal potato plants.

Clinical, oculographic and vestibular test characteristics of Ménière's disease.

Seventy Ménière's disease (MD) patients with spontaneous vertigo (100%), unilateral aural fullness (57.1%), tinnitus (78.6%), and subjective hearing loss (75.7%) self-recorded nystagmus during their episodes of vertigo using portable video oculography goggles. All demonstrated ictal spontaneous nystagmus, horizontal in 94.3% (n = 66) and vertical in 5.7% (n = 4), with a mean slow-phase velocity (SPV) of 42.8 ± 31.1°/s (range 5.3-160.1). Direction reversal of spontaneous horizontal nystagmus was captured in 58.6%, within the same episode in 34.3%, and over different days in 24.3%. In 18.6%, we observed ipsiversive then contraversive nystagmus, and in 12.9% contraversive to ipsiversive direction reversal. Ictal nystagmus SPV (42.8 ± 31.1°/s) was significantly faster than interictal (1.4 ± 3.1°/s, p < 0.001, CI 34.277-48.776). Compared to age-matched healthy controls, interictal video head impulse test gains in MD ears were significantly lower, cumulative and first saccade (S1) amplitudes were significantly larger, and S1 peak velocities were significantly faster (p = 0.038/0.019/0.008/ < 0.001, CI 0.002-0.071/0.130-1.444/0.138-0.909/14.614-41.506). Audiometry showed asymmetrically increased thresholds in 100% of MD ears (n = 70). Significant caloric, air-conducted (AC) cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP), and AC ocular VEMP asymmetries were found in 61.4, 37.9, and 44.4% of patients (MD ear reduced). Transtympanic electrocochleography tested in 36 ears (23 patients) showed 81.8% of MD ears had a positive result for hydrops (either a summating potential at 1/2kHz < - 6µV, or an SP/AP ratio > 40%). Using ictal nystagmus findings of SPV > 12°/s, and a caloric canal paresis > 25%, we correctly separated a diagnosis MD from Vestibular Migraine with a sensitivity and specificity of 95.7% and 85.1% (CI 0.89-0.97).