Port Competitiveness Evaluation Research Articles

Evaluation of the Competitiveness of China’s Coastal Container Ports In the Context of the Maritime Silk Road

A scientific and reasonable assessment of port competitiveness will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the current development of Chinese container ports along the Maritime Silk Road. Considering the network attributes of ports and the repetitive information among indicators, this paper proposes a novel port competitiveness evaluation and grading model based on entropy-improved catastrophe progression method. On the basis of a directed and weighted shipping network, the “dominance” indicator is innovatively introduced. The evaluation system including land-oriented competitiveness, sea-oriented competitiveness, hinterland support capacity and production and operation capacity provides a comprehensive assessment of port competitiveness. It is found that: land-oriented and sea-oriented competitiveness have the greatest influence on port competitiveness. A pattern of “One core, two wings, and four ports’ coordination” has been developed among coastal ports in China. The competition among ports in the Bohai Rim region is fierce, and production and operation ability of ports in the southeast coast needs to be strengthened. Fuzhou port and Rizhao port have high hinterland support and high development potential. The results of this paper can provide decision support for the development and upgrading of China’s coastal ports under the Maritime Silk Road initiative.

Construction of an International Dry Port Competitiveness Evaluation System Based on Correlation and Principal Component

Construction of an International Dry Port Competitiveness Evaluation System Based on Correlation and Principal Component

基于聚类和主成分分析的港口竞争力评价研究

基于聚类和主成分分析的港口竞争力评价研究

Evaluation of port competitiveness along China’s “Belt and Road” based on the entropy-TOPSIS method

Based on the literature on the factors influencing port competitiveness, this paper evaluates the competitiveness of Chinese ports along the Belt and Road based on Porter’s diamond model. The evaluation system includes four primary indicators, including port infrastructure, port operation scale, port hinterland economic level and port development potential, and 13 secondary indicators. Then, based on the entropy-TOPSIS method, an evaluation model of port competitiveness is constructed. Finally, 15 seaports along China’s “Belt and Road” are used to evaluate competitiveness, and a comprehensive ranking of port competitiveness is obtained. The advantages and shortcomings of each port are pointed out according to the evaluation results to provide a reference for the long-term development of the competitiveness of ports along the “Belt and Road” in China.

A Study on the Port advancement ODA Projects in the North African Maghreb Countries with the Evaluation of Port Competitiveness: Using Porter's Diamond Model

연구목적: 본 논문은 북아프리카 마그레브 국가의 항만경쟁력 평가체계를 수립하여 항만 선진화 분야의 한국 ODA 이행 및 접근 방안을 고찰하는 것이 목적이다. 연구의 중요성: 마그레브 국가는 MDGs의 성과를 기반으로 중⋅저소득 또는 고⋅중소득 국가에 진입하였으며 교역의 활성화를 통한 지속 가능한 발전을 도모하기 위하여 항만의 선진화 개발 수요가 증가하고 있다. 연구방법론: 마이클 포터(Micheal Porter)의 다이아몬드 모델에서 채택한 4대 결정요인을 바탕으로 마그레브 국가의 항만경쟁력 평가를 위한 일반화된 다이 아몬드 모형을 구축하였다. 연구결과: 일반화된 다이아몬드 모형의 결정요인으로서 생산조건, 수요조건, 관련 및 지원 산업, 산업전략 및 정책을 설정하였다. 포터의 이론에서 제시한 분석 방법을 바탕으로 항만시설, 항만 서비스, 항만 물동량, 국내 산업성장, 항만 입지, 배후연계 시스템, 항만운영 전략, 정책 일관성 등 8개 하위요소를 선정하여 항만경쟁력 고유의 평가요소와 ODA 이행을 위한 평가요소를 결합하였다. 결론 및 시사점: 마그레브 국가의 항만경쟁력 결정요인의 중요도 분석은 마그 레브 국가의 항만 개발수요에 따른 시기적절한 연구이며, 마그레브를 비롯한 개발도상국 항만 선진화의 한국 ODA 이행을 위한 평가 기준을 수립하는 성과를 거두었다.

Evaluation of Port Competitiveness and Analysis on Countermeasures of Port Competitiveness Management -A Case Study of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port-

닝보 - 주산항은 선박 정비 시스템 및 연료 공급 시스템 측면에서 상대적으로 열악하다. 따라서 닝보-주산항의 경쟁력을 강화시키기 위해서는 주산항의 River-Ocean을 위한 복합 운송 서비스 센터의 건설을 촉진하고 이에 걸맞는 개발 경로를 찾아 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 이를 위해 기존의 경쟁력 평가 이론에 근거하여 닝보 - 주산항과 다른 항구를 비교분석하였으며, 닝보 - 주산항의 기존 문제닝보 -저산항의 모델에 적합한 AHP와 TOPSIS를 선정하고 닝보 - 주산항의 경쟁력을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 닝보-주산항이 효율적으로 운송 산업 및 해운 서비스 산업의 성장을 위해서는 주산항의 하천 - 해양 복합 운송 서비스 센터의 조기 완성이 절실히 필요함을 알 수 있다.The Ningbo-Zhoushan Port has weaknesses in terms of ship maintenance system and fuel supply system. To improve the competitiveness of the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, construction of the Zhoushan River-Ocean Combined Transportation Service Center should be promoted and an appropriate development path should be found. To that end, this study compares the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port with other ports based on the existing competitiveness evaluation theories, selects AHP and TOPSIS that are suitable for the model of the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, and analyzes the competitiveness of the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port. The analysis results show that the early completion of the Zhoushan River-Ocean Combined Transportation Service Center is urgently needed for the efficient growth of the transportation and shipping service industries.

Competitiveness prioritisation of container ports in Asia under the background of China’s Belt and Road initiative

ABSTRACTThe understanding of the competitiveness of different ports under the background of China’s “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) is critical for drafting appropriate plans and taking suitable actions to select the best port in the logistics supply chains. A novel Multi-Attribute Decision Analysis (MADA) was proposed for the evaluation of port competitiveness. In the developed MADA method, the interval Analytic Hierarchy Process and the projection method was combined for the evaluation of port competitiveness. Three container ports in Asia including Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Singapore were studied under the background of China’s BRI. The results demonstrate that the port of Singapore is the most competitive at the initial stage of China’s BRI, followed by Hong Kong and Shanghai in the descending order. The results were validated by sum weighted method and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method, and sensitivity analysis was also carried out. The competitiveness of the three ports in the next ten years were also studied with the consideration of the influences of China’s BRI, and the results reveal that Shanghai port can even exceed Hong Kong port and Singapore port if it can effectively take the advantage s of China’s BRI.

중국 일대일로(一帶一路)정책에 따른 연운항항(連雲港港)의 발전 전략에 관한 연구

With the rapid development of global economic and trade, the ports in the North-east Asia region have developed greatly. In such a fierce competition, how to ascertain right evaluation methods to assess the competitiveness of the ports, and make scientific and rational development strategy for upgrading the overall level of competitiveness of ports in North-east Asia, has become the first task for all the ports for coping with the challenges. As China's sustained economic growth of more than 30 years, the economic power and comprehensive national strength has been changed, China's international status has been greatly improved. Also China has achieved remarkable new results in the construction of peripheral diplomacy, and further has consolidated the relationship of countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt. The strong position of RMB in foreign exchange market and the implementation of the strategy of "area" opening to the outside world accelerated economic belt along the silk road in China to the west open pace. On the basis of the SWOT analysis of the Lianyungang Port, combined with the comprehensive and practical port competitiveness evaluation indicators system and competitiveness evaluation method, calculate the competitiveness level of Lianyungang port in East China, and find out the problems must be solved. The development strategies for Lianyungang port under One Belt One Road were suggested.

A Study on Competitiveness Analysis of Ports in Korea and China by Entropy Weight TOPSIS

ABSTRACT This study aims to (1) to investigate what are the main factors for evaluation of port competitiveness through an analysis of previous literature review; (2) to compare port competitiveness among a sample of ports in Korea and China using TOPSIS; (3) to determine ways to improve port competitiveness in Korea and particularly for Busan port. After selecting the related criteria on port competitiveness for the analysis, the main relevant criteria are divided into three major categories: port throughput, physical and financial criteria in Korean and Chinese ports. The empirical results indicate that Shanghai, Shenzhen and Busan port are the first three competitive ports. Shanghai port ranked near the top port in this analysis, it ranked fist port in port throughput and port financial category (ranked third port in port physical category), Shenzhen port ranked second port in port physical and port financial category (ranked third port in port throughput category), Busan port ranked first port in port physical category, and Ningbo port ranked third port in port throughput and port financial category in this analysis. The finding to the study suggests that the port competitiveness ranking is similar to the current throughput ranking to the main container ports taken into account in the sample.

A Study on the Evaluation of Port Competitiveness in Busan Port and Shanghai Port

This study seeks the strategy alternatives for continuous port competitiveness of Busan port improvement in rapidly changing of environment in Northeast Asia shipping. This study aims: 1) to compare port competitiveness of Busan and Shanghai port using entropy weigh TOPSIS; 2) to seek ways to improve port competitiveness of Busan port. After searching the related criteria on port competitiveness factors for analysis, the main criteria are divided into two categories: port throughput (port throughput, throughput change rate, and transshipment cargo volume and transshipment cargo rate), port facilities (depth, the number of C/C, berth length, the number of berth, total area, storage area) criteria of Busan and Shanghai port. The empirical results indicate that Shanghai port is more competitive than Busan port in total competitiveness and port throughput criteria, and Busan port is more competitive than Shanghai port in port facilities criteria.

Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Port Competitiveness in West Africa Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

In the last decade, inter-port competition in West Africa has become fiercer as captive hinterlands of ports continue to overlap and become contestable or shared. This is due to door-to-door supply chain services being offered by shipping lines and third party logistics service providers through inter-modalism. In addition, as cargo becomes more concentrated in the region, there have been calls for the selection of a hub location for shipping lines serving the region in order to exploit economies of scale. This paper therefore aims to evaluate the competitiveness of major ports in the West African region based on criteria selected by experts. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, port competitiveness was evaluated and ports ranked according to the total weights obtained based on the different criteria used. The Port of Abidjan emerged the most competitive port in West Africa with its strongest links being its efficiency and performance, infrastructure and political stability outlook in spite of recent political turmoil. The Lagos Port Complex, West Africa’s largest port in terms of scale and throughput, emerged fifth falling behind the Ports of Lome, Tema and Dakar respectively owing largely to its political stability outlook. The least competitive port was the Port of Cotonou in Benin.

Port Competitiveness Evaluation Research based on Chernooff Faces Model

As the improvement of river and road network layout, the competitiveness between ports becomes increasingly fierce. The research on port competitiveness is inevitable to the development of China's market economy and it's also important for ports’ survival and development. In this paper, we build a port competitiveness evaluation model according to the characteristics of Chernooff Faces, and we use the model to evaluate port competitiveness of ten coastal ports in China. We map out all the ports’ competitiveness in image. And through the images we can see the relative strength of port competitiveness clearly. On the basis of this, we can get the final rank of the ten ports. This paper could provide some references for evaluating port competitiveness, and it has great realistic significance to port operation and management.

Ensemble PROMETHEE II Method for Port Competitiveness Evaluation

Abstract PROMETHEE is an important method for multi-criteria decision-making. Inspired by ensemble methods, this paper proposes an ensemble PROMETHEE II model, in which multiple preference functions are used to reduce the risk of choosing a particularly preference function. One example of competitiveness evaluation of the ports of Circum-Bohai-Sea is included to illustrate the proposed method. The ranking results show that the whole evaluating procedure is simple and clear, and the model has taken full advantage of information contained in the original data and the subjective information of experts.

Multicriteria Evaluation for Port Competitiveness of Eight East Asian Container Ports

A great deal of literature applies efficiency measurement methods to investigate port's competitive advantages. Nevertheless, the competitive characteristics of a port are deeply influenced by port policies of government, the operating strategies of the port, operating facilities, and the loading and unloading efficiencies, etc. Therefore, the measurement of a port's overall competitiveness requires considering all internal and external factors. This paper is to clarify the characteristics of a port's competitiveness using GRA model by taking eight East Asian container ports for identification. The ranking orders evaluated by the GRA are as follows: Singapore, Hong Kong, Kaohsiung, Kobe, Taichung, Keelung, Pusan, and Shanghai. The findings represent the most significant criteria including 13 items. Evaluation of port competitiveness shows the effectiveness type of criterion as the principle and the efficiency type of criterion as a minor.

Port Competitiveness Evaluation by Fuzzy Multicriteria Grade Classification Model

Competitiveness measurement of ports should be different from business/enterprises of the private sector. It needs to consider operational efficiency and overall effectiveness. Therefore, this paper attempts to establish a multi-criteria evaluation model. We develop Fuzzy Multi-criteria Grade Classification (FMGC) model to serve the purpose. This model is primarily for qualitative analysis, but this study invites quantitative indicators. It concurrently takes efficiency and effectiveness indicators into consideration. FMGC evaluates port competitiveness classification by partial order based on five grades. Partial order is sufficient to present superiority of port competitiveness. This paper takes eight East Asian container seaports for empirical study, also embarks on scenario analysis for Taiwan’s three main ports. It confirms the method is stable and effective in practical applications.