Maharashtra Population Research Articles

Epidemiology of benign breast disease in rural population of north Maharashtra

Epidemiology of benign breast disease in rural population of north Maharashtra

The Study of Dermatoglyphic Patterns in Females with Primary Infertility: A Case-Control Study in the Maharashtra Population

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is a widely known technique applied in genetic and medical research for the examination of finger, palm, and sole patterns. Dermatoglyphic characters are formed in the fetal stage and remain unaltered throughout their life. Some previous studies have indicated that dermatoglyphic patterns are linked with some reproductive disorders, like primary infertility. This study focuses on the evaluation and comparison of the dermatoglyphic patterns of females with primary infertility and healthy controls in the Maharashtra population. Methods: It involves a case-control study on two hundred females diagnosed with primary infertility and two hundred age-matched healthy controls. Several dermatoglyphic patterns were found, including total ridge count (TRC), atd angles, loops, whorls, and arches, which were assessed and compared among the groups. Results: When compared to the control group, the dermatoglyphic patterns of the infertility group were significantly different. Whorls and arches were more common in this group, and loops were less common. Furthermore, the infertility group exhibited a higher mean atd angle value and a lower total ridge count in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Certain dermatoglyphic features correlated with female primary infertility in Maharashtra have been identified. These results can be taken as a precursor to further research work on the genetic basis of infertility and also with regard to whether dermatoglyphics can be used as a diagnostic tool.

CYP2D6, CYP2E1 Gene Polymorphisms and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk in Rural Maharashtra: A Hospital Based Case-Control Study.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a family phase I metabolizing enzymes important in xenobiotics metabolism. Genetic polymorphisms of CYPs have been comprehensively studied for their association with a range of diseases including cancer risk. In this study we assessed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 genes and their role in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer susceptibility in the rural population of Maharashtra. Genotyping of CYP2D6*4, CYP2E1*5B, CYP2E1*6, CYP2E1*7B genes among 200 GI cancer cases and equal number of controls was studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval and p-value were evaluated to get the level of association of polymorphisms with risk of GI cancer, where p ≤0.005 was considered as statistically significant. After the analysis of CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms, we noticed that CYP2D6*4 (rs3892097) with heterozygous genotype (G/C) showed negative association with GI cancer risk (OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.25-0.74; p=0.002) and CYP2E1*6 (rs6413432) variant genotype showed positive association (OR=2.85, 95% CI: 1.40-5.81; p=0.003) showed positive association with GI cancer risk in studied population. The findings obtained from this study concluded that the polymorphic CYP2D6 was negatively associated; however CYP2E1*6 polymorphism was significantly associated with GI cancer risk in studied population.

To Identify the Factors Affecting on Setup of New Township in MIDC Area

Increasing expenditures and financing charges on housing credits guarantee a property in a linked township springing up in the city's borders, making city home ownership increasingly inconvenient and expensive. These townships are billed as India's new land improvement strategy to satisfy urbanites' wealth and goals. Despite their initial launch, these independent townships with private, retail, and business operations will quickly spread across the country. Demographically, urbanization is the growing urban population of a nation. Due to rising urbanization, 52 percent of Maharashtra's population lived in urban areas in 2021, compared to 39 percent nationally. Given the expanding population in urban Maharashtra and Mumbai, the government has prioritized connecting new townships to better communication. Development is typically thought to improve people's lives. Net rural-to-urban migration drives most urbanization. Due to increased migration from rural to Pune city, population growth, traffic, drinking water, and other issues affect Pune residents' lifestyles. This study concentrates on Town-1 MIDC Park Project near Dehu and Jadhav Wadi. This area is neglected, but Maharashtra has allocated about 100 crores to develop it.

Prevalence of self-medication practices in the Maharashtra population: a cross-sectional study

Background: Self-medication is a significant issue in public health, with varying global prevalence. It is one of the major causes of the emergence of antibiotic resistance in India. The study's objective was to identify the pattern, cause, and adverse events of self-medication in Maharashtra's urban and rural areas. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a pre-populated questionnaire; including information on age (18-85 years), non-prescription and prescription medication use. Age, gender, past medical and medication history, social history, and self-medication pattern, frequency, reason, source of information, and adverse events noticed as a result of self-medication are all sociodemographic questions on the questionnaire. A percentage analysis was used to examine the data. Results: Study states that out of 400 sample, 76% of the individuals self-medicate, with painkillers (49.4%), antacids (23.7%), antibiotics (15.3%), being the most often used drugs for ailments like headache, fever, bodily pain, and acidity. The top most medications taken for self-medication are paracetamol (53.1%), pantoprazole (30.43%), ondansetron (13.62%), and azithromycin (12.46%); 66.07% usage of prescription drugs as self-medication was found. The most frequent causes of self-medication were discovered to be mild illnesses, the easy accessibility of medications, and chemist recommendations, 8% of those surveyed had adverse events, and sources of information were chemists, past prescriptions, family members, and acquaintances. Conclusions: In Maharashtra, self-medication is a prevalent practice that primarily utilizes over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. As a result, consumers should be made aware of the hazards of antibiotic resistance and other pharmaceuticals.

Prevalence of Injuries in Junior Conventional Powerlifters in Maharashtra Population

Background: Powerlifting is a widely practiced sport known for its focus on increasing muscular strength and endurance through exercises like the deadlift. Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of injuries among powerlifters, particularly in the context of the conventional deadlift style, is essential for injury prevention and athlete well-being. Study Design: This study utilized a survey-based approach to assess the injuries and experienced by powerlifters in the Maharashtra population. A sample of 150 junior conventional deadlift powerlifters, aged 18 to 24, was selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected using a Nordic scale questionnaire, focusing on injury locations, severity, and impact on training. Methods: Participants were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and informed consent was obtained before data collection. Demographic details were recorded, and participants responded to the questionnaire regarding their injury experiences over the past 12 months. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were conducted to analyse the data. Results: in a study involving 150 individuals, about a third reported injuries, with the lower back being the most common (50%), followed by shoulder (28%) and knee injuries (10%). Overall, 88% experienced trouble within the last year, with 38% unable to work normally due to it. Only 4% reported trouble in the last week, and 10% suffered injuries from accidents. Most troubles lasted 7 days (64%) or 30 days (26%), with 36% seeking medical attention. These findings emphasize the prevalence and impact of injuries, particularly on work and daily activities, suggesting the need for effective prevention and management strategies. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of injury prevention strategies in powerlifting, including proper technique training and load management. Early intervention and appropriate medical care are crucial for minimizing the impact of injuries on athletes' training and overall well-being. Further research with prospective designs and larger sample sizes is recommended to deepen our understanding of injury patterns and risk factors in powerlifting.

Effectiveness of ligation of Inter Sphincteric Fistula Tract (LIFT) in the Management of Fistulas in ano in Maharashtra Population: Retrospective Study

Background: Anal fistula is one of the most common ano- rectal problems, resulting in very negative patientexperiences. The objectives of anal fistula treatments are to achieve healing with a low recurrence rate and preserveanal function.Method: 55 adult patients were confirmed to be competent for surgery. USG examination with 7 to 10 MHZtransducer passed into the anal canal, which is carried out with the patient in the left lateral position. Serial radialimages were taken to study the location and position of the fistula. The LIFT procedure was similar to Rojanaskulproposed method. The duration of surgery and healing time were also noted.Results: 48 (87.2%) were as per Parks classification, 5 (9.09%) intersphincteric, 2 (3.63%) suprasphincteric,Classification based on course of fistula – 20 (36.3%) anterior straight, 28 (50.9%) posterior straight, 5 (9.09%) curved,and 2 (3.63%) semi-horse shoe. Classification based on the tract – 50 (90.9%) single tracts, 5 (9.09%) multiple tracts.Conclusion: LIFT technique is simple and safe, with a high rate of healing and no risk of incontinence.

Superoxide Dismutase (rs2070424, rs4880, rs2536512) and Catalase (rs794316, rs1001179) SNPs and their Association with Breast Cancer Risk: Findings from a Hospital Based Case-Control Study.

The antioxidant enzymes are important cellular components involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protect cells from ROS induced oxidative damage. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of antioxidant enzyme coding genes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) may alter the enzyme activity which can influence susceptibility towards carcinogenesis. Therefore, the present study was planned to investigate possible SNPs of SOD (SOD1 (Cu,Zn-SOD), SOD2(Mn-SOD), SOD3(EC-SOD) and CAT genes and their possible association with breast cancer risk in rural Indian women. In this case-control study, the association of SOD and CAT gene polymorphism was studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The study was conducted among 400 clinically breast cancer patients and 400 healthy women in a population of South-Western Maharashtra. The logistic regression analysis was carried out to calculate Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval and p-value, where p ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The results of analysis of genotype frequency distribution showed significant association of rs4880 SNP of Mn-SOD with BC risk at homozygous variant (CC/CC) genotype (OR 2.46; 95%CI, 1.61-3.75; p<0.0001) and corresponding frequency of variant (C) allele (OR 1.53; 95%CI, 1.25-1.86; p<0.0001). In CAT gene polymorphisms the variant (T/T) was increased significantly in BC cases as compared to controls (OR 3.45; 95%CI, 2.17-5.50; p<0.0001) along with its variant (T) allele (OR 2.01; 95%CI, 1.63-2.48; p<0.0001). The results implied that, C/C genotype of SOD2-1183T/C polymorphism and T/T genotype of CAT-262 C/T polymorphism may be associated with an increased breast cancer risk. However, SOD1-251 A/G and SOD3-172 G/A polymorphisms did not show any significant difference in variant homozygous genotypes of patients compared to controls.

Awareness Regarding the use of Clear Aligners as an Orthodontic Treatment Modality among the General Population of Maharashtra, India: A Cross-sectional Survey

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic treatment has been the standard method to treat malocclusions for decades; however, the number of adults seeking more inconspicuous ways to enhance their smiles has significantly increased. This trend has led to the rising popularity of clear aligners among the general population, hailed as the 'invisible treatment' for correcting misaligned teeth. Aim: To assess the level of awareness among residents of Maharashtra regarding clear aligners. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (KVV) Karad, Maharashtra, India with a sample size of 423 participants. An online survey on awareness and perceptions of clear aligners among the general population of Maharashtra was carried out for one month through the dissemination of an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered using Google Forms and consisted of 12 closed-ended questions. The online data was collected and analysed while assessing its content validity. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 28.4±5.88 years. According to the survey, 203 (47.99%) participants had visited an orthodontist, with 87 (43.03%) receiving clear aligner recommendations as a treatment option. Notably, 266 (62.88%) were already familiar with clear aligners, and 268 (63.36%) considered them to be an effective treatment. Conclusion: The study findings indicated that 62.88% of participants had prior knowledge of clear aligners, while only 47.99% had visited an orthodontist.

The relationship between depth and diameter of the human acetabulum in the dry hip bone of Maharashtra population

Abstract Background: Anatomy of the hip must be taken into account to perform the various surgical procedures like reconstruction of the acetabulum in patients with significant acetabular bone deficiency. It remains a major challenge in total hip arthroplasty. Appropriate anatomic concepts for surgery to treat femoroacetabular impingement require a precise appreciation of the native acetabular anatomy. Since the acetabulum is not always of the same shape, width or depth, joint congruence is frequent with minor anatomical variations in the shape of the acetabulum. Hence, the present study was undertaken as controversies still exist on the importance of these variations and to prevent problems following surgical procedures such as acetabular reconstruction and femoroacetabular impingement. Method: 81 dry human hip bones of unknown sex were taken for observation from departments of anatomy at Dr SCGMC Nanded and SRTRGMC Ambajogai. All hip bones were adult-type. The exact age and sex of hip bones were not known. Measurements were taken in millimeters using a sliding digital vernier calliper. The mean and standard deviation of the acetabulum in various dimensions were calculated. Parameters of acetabulum depth and diameter were measured. Result: The overall goal of this study was to generate data that would be useful to the orthopaedics for geometric modelling. The study would also help the forensic experts. It would also be valuable for the anthropologists in their racial and population studies. The mean SD value of the depth of acetabulum on the right side is 27.121.02mm and on the left side is 27.021.03. The mean S.D. value of the diameter of the acetabulum on the right side is 47.501.27mm and on the left side is 47.451.33. Conclusion: Morphological study on adult hip bone is useful for anatomists, anthropologists, experts in forensic medicine and orthopaedics for performing surgical procedures in this area.

The Profile of Fetal and Infant Mortality in South-western Maharashtra Population: A Preliminary Study

The Profile of Fetal and Infant Mortality in South-western Maharashtra Population: A Preliminary Study

Association of Facial Wrinkles With Different Facial Forms in the Population of Maharashtra: A Prospective Observational Study.

Wrinkles commonly manifest in various areas of the face as individuals age. This study aimed to assess the association between facial wrinkles and different facial forms. An observational, prospective study was conducted on the facial photographs of 400 subjects aged 40-60 years, which were divided into four groups of 100 subjects each: Group 1, square facial form; Group 2, ovoid facial form; Group 3, square tapered facial form; and Group 4, tapered facial form. All groups had almost equal distributions of males and females. Six types of facial wrinkles were studied, namely, forehead, glabellar, canthal, nasolabial, wrinkles at the corner of the mouth, and perioral wrinkles. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for intergroup comparison, and an independent Student's t-test was used to assess gender differences in facial wrinkles. Significant gender differences were observed for forehead wrinkles in Groups 1 and 3, canthal wrinkles in Groups 1 and 2, and right perioral wrinkles in Group 1 (p<0.05). There were non-significant gender differences between right and left-side facial wrinkles (p>0.05). Significant differences between the groups were observed for all facial wrinkles between the right and left sides of the face (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups for the presence of glabellar, corner of the mouth, and perioral wrinkles, with the presence of higher wrinkles in ovoid and tapered facial forms compared to square and square tapered facial forms (p<0.05). Females had more facial wrinkles than males, predominantly in the forehead region. The least prominent wrinkles were observed in the perioral region of the face. Glabellar, corner of the mouth, and perioral wrinkles were predominantly observed in ovoid and tapered facial forms.

Stature Estimation from Femur and Tibia Bone Using Regression Equation Method: A Pilot Study

Anthropometry plays a crucial role in the field of forensic anthropology, particularly in the identification of human remains. Among the various parameters used for personal identification, stature holds significant importance. It is a key factor in medico-legal investigations, especially when dealing with unknown fragmentary and mutilated remains. The objective of present pilot study was to develop a mathematical formula for estimating human stature based on the measurement of long bones, specifically the femur and tibia. A sample of 150 randomly selected girls, aged between 18 and 24 years, was chosen from Nagpur’s Institute of Forensic Science, Maharashtra. The length of the right tibia and femur bones was measured, calculated and regression formulae was derived to estimate stature for the female population of Maharashtra. To assess the relationship between bone length and stature, Pearson's correlation coefficient was employed and revealed regression coefficient (r) of 0.92 for the femur and 0.77 for the tibia, indicating a significant positive correlation between bone length and stature. Consequently, the findings of this study demonstrate that the length of the femur and tibia bones can serve as reliable predictors for estimating the stature of an individual. In conclusion, anthropometric measurements, particularly those involving long bones such as the femur and tibia, hold immense value in the identification of human remains in the field of forensic anthropology.

Study of Facial Index in both sexes of Northern Maharashtra

Background: Face is an entity that helps to distinguish one person from another. It also signifies distinction between races, ethnic groups, Sexes and even members of same family. Hence it has anthropological, anatomical and medico legal importance.Method: 60 adult males and 60 adults females aged between 18 to 35 were studied with spreading calliper, Facial Index was measured from Nasion to Gnathion, Zygion to zygionResults: The male facial Index was 90.5 (± 0.5) and female was 87.2 (± 0.3) (p&lt;0.001) p value was highly significant. The present Facial Index was classified anthropologically under Lepto proscopic facial Index.Conclusion: Present Facial Index of Maharashtra Population is useful to anthropologist, anatomist and medico legal export to differentiate Maharashtra population from other racial or ethnic groups of India and abroad because morpho-metric values of mesodermalderivatives are un-certain

Mutation Spectrum of β-Thalassemia in Some Ethnic Groups of North Maharashtra, India

Beta-thalassemia is the most common inherited single-gene disorder in the world, caused by more than 200 known mutations in the HBB gene. In India, the average prevalence of β-thalassemia carriers is 3-4%. Several ethnic groups have a much higher prevalence, about 8% in the tribal groups, according to the 2011 census. The study’s main goal is to identify common β-thalassemia mutations and the frequencies of different haplotypes in various communities in North Maharashtra. Nashik district had the highest prevalence of β-thalassemia (34%), followed by Ahmednagar (29%), Jalgaon (16%), Dhule (14%), and Nandurbar (7.0%). Prevalence of β-thalassemia was highest in the schedule caste community (SC) (48%), followed by (17%) in Muslims, (14%) in other backward classes (OBC), (13%) in Schedule Tribe (ST), and (8.0%) in the general population The six most common β-thalassemia mutations detected in this study are IVS 1 > 5 (G→C), Cd 15(G→A), Cd 41/41 (-TCTT), Cd 8/9(+G), IVS 1 > 1(G→T) and Cap + 1(A > G). Among these mutations, IVS 1 > 5 (G > C) was the most common type of mutation found in β-thalassemia patients in the North Maharashtra population. Type-I haplotype was the most prevalent among all communities. Nashik and Ahmednagar districts were highly affected by β-thalassemia. Among different ethnic groups, the SC and Muslim communities were the worst affected with a higher proportion of β-thalassemia and increased frequency of mutations.

Study of depressive illness in retired persons in Maharashtra population

As the age advances the myelination of nerve cells degenerate and motor and sensory functions of the brain will start retardation and brain is referred as Fed brain or fatigue brain. After retirement person looses social contact, status or adequate monetary income this will lead to depression. 60 (sixty) retired (elderly) patients with multiple psychiatric illness associated with depression were studied with psychiatric counselling. Their post history and associated medical problems were also recorded and treated accordingly. Different depressive illness include – 23(38.3%) dementia, 14(23.3%) major depression, 11(18.3%) manic, 8(13.3%) anxiety, 4(6.6%) paranoid reaction. Associated medical problems were – 14(23.3%) DM, 21(35%) OA, 8(13.3%) vertigo, 7(11.6%) visual problems, 10(16.6%) constipation The social or family problems were – 17(28.3%) family conflicts, 13(21.6) death of life partner or close relative, 9(15%) sudden loss of job or business, 21(35%) loneliness, 38(61.2%) had suicidal ideation, 22(36.6%) attempted for suicide. The depressive illness of retired or elderly people is quite common psychiatric illness. Apart from the medical treatment, they must be treated with love and affection because patient develops insecurity and loneliness because of retired life.

Single-nucleotide polymorphism in CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, and CYP2C9 genes and their association with gastrointestinal cancer: A hospital-based case-control study.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) comprises a group of phase-I metabolizing enzymes that are important in xenobiotics metabolism. Genetic polymorphism of CYPs has been comprehensively studied for their association with a range of diseases. In this study, we assessed single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of CYP1A, CYP1B, CYP2B, and CYP2C and their role in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer susceptibility in the rural population of Maharashtra. In this hospital-based case-control study, the association of polymorphism of CYP genes was studied by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The study subjects included 200 clinically confirmed GI cancer patients and equal number of healthy controls. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and P value were evaluated to find out the level of association, where P ≤ 0.005 was considered statistically significant. After the analysis of CYP1A1*2A (rs4646903), CYP1B1*3 (rs1059836), CYP2B6*5 (rs3211371), CYP2C8*2 (rs11572103), CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853), and CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910), we noticed that variant (T) allele of CYP2B6*5 possessed significantly elevated risk (OR = 4.43; 95% CI: 2.20-8.90; P < 0.0001) of GI cancer in studied population. The genotypic distribution of G/C heterozygote allele of CYP1B1*3 (OR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.12-0.32; P < 0.0001) and homozygous variant C/C allele (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.13-0.45; P < 0.0001) showed a negative association with the development of GI cancer. The findings from this study supported that polymorphism of CYP2B6*5gene may be involved in the development of GI cancer. However, other SNPs of CYP1A, CYP1B, and CYP2C genes did not signify the risk for GI cancer in the studied population of rural Maharashtra.

Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A, CYP1B, CYP2C and risk of cervical cancer among rural population of Maharashtra: Findings from a hospital-based case-control study.

Last few decades, multiple studies all over the world revealed the association of genetic polymorphism in cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes with risk of developing different type of cancers, but contradictory outcomes were evidenced in case of cervical cancer (CC) risk. Therefore, the discrepancies in earlier reports influenced us to evaluate the association of CYP1A1*2A rs4646903, CYP1B1*3 rs1056836, CYP2C8*2 rs11572103, CYP2C9*2 rs1799853, CYP2C9*3 rs1057910, and CYP2C19*2 rs4244285 polymorphisms and CC susceptibility in the women of rural population of Maharashtra. In this case-control study, genetic association of the polymorphisms in CYP genes was studied by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The study was conducted among 350 clinically confirmed CC patients and 350 healthy volunteers in a population of south-western Maharashtra. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and P value were evaluated to get the level of association where P ≤ 0.005 was considered as statistically significant. After the analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19, we noticed that CYP1B1*3 rs1056836 (Leu4326Val) polymorphism possessed a significantly elevated risk (OR = 3.28; 95% CI: 2.18-4.94; P < 0.0001), whereas CYP2C19*2 rs4244285 showed significantly lower risk (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.33-0.85 P < 0.009) of CC in the studied rural population. The findings from this study supported that rs1056836 SNP of CYP1B1*3 increase CC development, whereas rs4244285 of CYP2C19*2 lowers the CC risk in the studied population.

Morphometric Study of Gall Bladder in Maharashtra Population

Background: Variations in morphology and metrical values of Gall Bladder (GB) is quite common. These variationsare frequently observed during imaging and procedures like laparoscopy and cholecystectomy. The anatomicalvariation of GB is essential to clinician.Method: 48 adult cadavers were studied to evaluate the morphometric study of GB. The size and shape wereclassified with percentage. The length and breadth were measured with tailors tape.Results: 52.08% pear shaped, 10.4% flask shaped, 12.5% cylinder shaped, 6.25% hour glass shaped, 6.25% intrahepatic, 2.08% left GB, 2.08% double GB were studied. The mean length of GB was 6.80 (±1.42), 2.82 (±0.78) wasmean breadth of GB, t test was 17.2 and p&lt;0.01Conclusion: The anatomic variations of GB and biliary tract are critical during surgical procedure. The presentstudy will certainly help surgeon to carry out surgeries without causing morbidity and mortality. Moreover thesevariations will help the radiologist for proper reporting the diseases related to GB and biliary apparatus.

Correlative Study of Diameter of Carotid Canal with Cranial Index in Maharashtra Population

Background: Diameter of carotid canal is very much important because hypo-plastic of CC leads to multiple ofneuro vascular complications, passing through these CC.Method: 45 male, 30 female adult non-pathological, dried crania were studied. The cranial Index was measuredby winged calliper and diameter of CC by digital verniercalliper. The obtained values were correlated statistically.Results: Mean value of CI 64.09 (± 0.35) in male, 70.06 (± 0.98) in females crania Diameter of rt. Cc 0.76 (± 0.14) inmale, 0.67 (± 0.09) in female crania, 0.74 (± 0.10) diameter of cc in males, 0.54(± 0.08) in cc of females crania andcorrelation coefficient of both male and female with CI and CCwere highly significant (p&lt;0.001).Conclusion: Correlative coefficient study of CI and CC in both gender crania will be useful neuro-physician,neuro-surgeon,radiologist, medico-legal expert, anthropologist and anatomist because morpho-metric values ofmesodermal derivatives are uncertain.