The relationship between depth and diameter of the human acetabulum in the dry hip bone of Maharashtra population

Abstract

Abstract Background: Anatomy of the hip must be taken into account to perform the various surgical procedures like reconstruction of the acetabulum in patients with significant acetabular bone deficiency. It remains a major challenge in total hip arthroplasty. Appropriate anatomic concepts for surgery to treat femoroacetabular impingement require a precise appreciation of the native acetabular anatomy. Since the acetabulum is not always of the same shape, width or depth, joint congruence is frequent with minor anatomical variations in the shape of the acetabulum. Hence, the present study was undertaken as controversies still exist on the importance of these variations and to prevent problems following surgical procedures such as acetabular reconstruction and femoroacetabular impingement. Method: 81 dry human hip bones of unknown sex were taken for observation from departments of anatomy at Dr SCGMC Nanded and SRTRGMC Ambajogai. All hip bones were adult-type. The exact age and sex of hip bones were not known. Measurements were taken in millimeters using a sliding digital vernier calliper. The mean and standard deviation of the acetabulum in various dimensions were calculated. Parameters of acetabulum depth and diameter were measured. Result: The overall goal of this study was to generate data that would be useful to the orthopaedics for geometric modelling. The study would also help the forensic experts. It would also be valuable for the anthropologists in their racial and population studies. The mean SD value of the depth of acetabulum on the right side is 27.121.02mm and on the left side is 27.021.03. The mean S.D. value of the diameter of the acetabulum on the right side is 47.501.27mm and on the left side is 47.451.33. Conclusion: Morphological study on adult hip bone is useful for anatomists, anthropologists, experts in forensic medicine and orthopaedics for performing surgical procedures in this area.