Population Of Jharkhand Research Articles

Intimate Partner Violence in Tribal Population of Jharkhand

Intimate Partner Violence in Tribal Population of Jharkhand

A Descriptive Study of the Demographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Individuals With Gallstone-Induced Pancreatitis in a Tertiary-Level Hospital in Ranchi, Jharkhand.

Gallstones are a major cause of acute pancreatitis, which is associated with high recurrence, morbidity, and mortality. Careful consideration of demographic and clinicopathological features is required to understand the association between the cause and severity of pancreatitis in various populations, and such crucial information is lacking for Jharkhand's population. Here, we sought to describe the demographic and clinicopathological features of gallstone-induced acute pancreatitis at a tertiary hospital in Ranchi. This hospital-based descriptive study was conducted at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences in Ranchi. The hospital records of patients admitted to the surgical unit with acute gallstone-induced pancreatitis from January 2023 to December 2023 were analyzed. The study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Of the 72 patients admitted with acute gallstone-induced pancreatitis (mean age: 42.5 years), 46 (64%) were males and 26 (36%) were females. All 72 patients had abdominal pain and 44 (61%) were vomiting. The severe vs. non-severe pancreatitis groups differed significantly in age (≥40) and male gender (p = 0.013 and 0.031, respectively). A total of 45 (62.5%) patients had severe gallstone-induced pancreatitis, and the most common complication was acute kidney injury, followed by pleural effusion (18 (25%) and 13 (18.1%) cases, respectively). Our study revealed that gallstone-induced pancreatitis was more common in males and that age and gender were significantly associated with severity. However, late presentation to the hospital may have influenced our study, resulting in more severe cases being reported, with the most common complication being acute kidney injury. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the demographic, clinicopathological, and outcome data of acute gallstone-induced pancreatitis in Ranchi. These results can guide hospital policy development to improve patient outcomes.

Oral Health and Lifestyle Factors in Rural Adults of Jharkhand, India.

There is a lack of health care facilities and poor oral health awareness among the rural adult population of Jharkhand which may significantly influence oral health status and lifestyle scores. To assess the oral hygiene status, lifestyle factors, and various risk factors associated with poor lifestyle scores in the rural adult population of Jharkhand. This cross-sectional study included 400 rural adults (35-44 years) populations. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect sociodemographic data and data on oral hygiene practices. Lifestyle factors were assessed using Health Practice Index (HPI). Oral health status was assessed using the oral health assessment proforma provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). A significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) prevalence of tobacco consumption was reported by males (94.0%) compared to females (4.0%). The males (54.0%) reported significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) poor lifestyle scores compared to females (38.0%). A significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) number of oromucosal lesions (13.0%) was found in males compared to females (1.0%). There was a significant difference (p value < 0.0001) in the oral hygiene status between males and females with majority of males (60.0%) having poor oral hygiene. A bivariate analysis was performed, and unadjusted odds ratio was computed. The factors that became significant were then entered into logistic regression model (enter method). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that education (OR = 0.3, p value = 0.003), systemic diseases/long-term medication (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.004), tobacco consumption (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.006), oral hygiene status (OR = 2.4, p value = 0.007), and dental caries (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.004) were significant predictors of poor lifestyle scores. The rural adult population in Jharkhand has poor oral hygiene status and poor lifestyle scores. It is important to raise awareness regarding good oral hygiene and the negative effects of tobacco consumption. The dental visit should be encouraged, and the concept of preventive care needs to be instilled.

Comparative Study of Thyroidectomy Wound Closure using Subcuticular Suture Versus Steri-strips in Jharkhand Population

Background: Thyroidectomy wound infections and wound related issues are important source of morbiditybecause of local inflammatory responses like erythematic, cellulitis, and superficial wound infection.Method: 30 patients wound were closed by sub-cuticular suture and 30 patients by steristrips followed byThyroidectomy. Verbal analogue scale and visual analogue scale at different intervals were compared. Moreovercosmetic visual analogue was also compared after 6th week of the surgery.Results: Verbal analogue after 48 hours and visual analogue after 48 hours had significant p value (p&lt;0.001) withsteri-strips had excellent results of 93.3% and 6.6% of Good results versus sub-cuticular suture had 80% excellentand 20% good cosmetic appearance.Conclusion: Steri-strips sutures were better in both visual, Verbal and cosmetic analogue and reduce the stay inhospital as compared to sub-cuticular suture technique.

Assessment of Oral Mucosal Lesions (OML), Periodontal Health Conditions, and Unmet Dental Treatment Needs in the Rural Adult Population of Jharkhand, North India.

Background Dental diseases like caries, periodontal diseases, and oral mucosal lesions (OML) are common findings in rural adult populations that greatly impact their quality of life. Aim To assess OML, periodontal health conditions, and unmet dental treatment needs in the rural adult population in Jharkhand. Methodology A total of 700 permanent residents of Bero Block, Jharkhand, North India, in the age group of 35-44 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. Both men and women were equally represented. Their socio-demographic characteristics and previous dental visits were collected using standardized proforma. An assessment of periodontal health conditions, OML, and unmet dental treatment needs was done using the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment Proforma of 1997. Results It was found that over half (54.3%) of the studypopulation had the adverse habit of smoking and chewingpaan. Males were more likely to experience leukoplakia (18.87%), whereas females were more likely to experience abscesses (9.43%). The majority of males and females had a community periodontal index (CPI) score and loss of attachment (LOA) score greater than two, which indicated poor periodontal health as assessed by the periodontal index. Both males and females needed extraction of the diseased teethas their primary treatment. Conclusion The rural adult population residing in the Bero block of Jharkhand showed poor periodontal health and high unmet dental treatment needs. These people need effective oral health promotion policies and dental health education to improve their oral health.

Incidence of Canine Impaction in Tribal Population of Jharkhand.

The position of the canine has a key role in facial harmony, dental aesthetics, functional occlusion, and health of temperomandibular joint. Maxillary canine impaction is the second most common tooth after third molars impaction. Maxillary canines are more prone to impaction due to longer path of eruption. All the patients were examined in the Dental Chair light and referred to the department of Oral Radiology for Orthopantomogram. Yamamoto's classification was used to classify maxillary canine impaction. Position of mandibular canine from cement-enamel junction was used for mandibular canine impaction. The study was performed on 2300 patients who consulted the orthodontic department from January 2018 to July 2022. Orthopantomogram of each patient was examined for canine impaction, retained deciduous teeth, cyst, and other anomalies. The incidence and pattern of canine impaction was assessed. The data was then statistically analyzed using Graph Pad Prism software. The incidence of impacted canine was evaluated. The effect of gender was evaluated using a t-test. A total of 2300 subjects were examined out of which 52 individuals were diagnosed with canine impaction. The incidence of canine impaction among orthodontic patients is 2.26%. The amount of canine impaction in females (60%) is higher than males (40%). The ratio of canine impaction of the maxilla and mandible is 2.5. The incidence of canine impaction was found to be 2.26 percent in the tribal dominant population of Jharkhand. Type II (50%) pattern in the maxilla and Level A (57%) impaction in the mandible was found to be the highest.

Predictability of Wits appraisal, ANB, Beta, Yen, W, µ and Pi angle as indicators of anteroposterior dysplasia in Jharkhand population

: The measurements for assessing the antero-posterior discrepancy between the apical bases are many with their individual benefits and shortcomings. So, it is very important to categorize the reliability of the major diagnostic criteria for successful planning of treatment and to fore see the outcome. The present study assesses the predictability of Wits appraisal, ANB, Beta, Yen, W, µ and Pi angles as an indicators of anteroposterior dysplasia. A total of 120 lateral cephalograms of skeletal Class I, II and III patients were selected based on Down’s facial angle and then tracing was carried out manually to measure Wits appraisal, ANB, Beta, Yen, W, µ and Pi angles. Analysis of variance and correlation coefficient analysis were done to assess the significance of association between these variables. Yen angle is highly predictable and a homogenously distributed angular parameter used to assess sagittal discrepancy. The most desirable differentiation results among the three skeletal relationship were represented by Beta angle followed by Yen angle. Statistically significant correlation among the seven parameters for skeletal Class I relationship were shown by Yen and W angle, for skeletal Class II relationship by Beta angle and µ angle and for skeletal Class III relationship by Beta angle and W angle. No statistically significant correlation existed between Yen Angle and Beta Angle in all the three groups. Yen angle was found to have the most homogenous and predictable parameter. A statistically significant correlation for skeletal Class I relationship were observed between Yen and W angle, for skeletal Class II relationship between Beta and µ angle and for skeletal Class III relationship between Beta angle and W angle and they can be used interchangeably in assessing skeletal jaw relationship.

Primary Education among Tribals of Jharkhand Need to be Strengthen

Abstract: Tribal has substantial share to total population of Jharkhand. Tribals literacy rate is far below than other sections of society in Jharkhand. Sympathy or empathy, they need to be educated. The Govt. should give special package and special attention for their inclusive growth. Sustainable inclusive growth can be achieved only through education &amp; specially the primary education among the tribal students to set their steps to-gather with the society, strengthen of primary education is sie que non for upliftment of tribals who are deprived from centuries

Comparison of Endoscopic Versus Conventional Septoplasty in Jharkhand Population

Background: Although there are many techniques for septoplasty to cure nasal obstruction. Nasal endoscope is very useful tool to visualise posterior part of septum and perform the surgery more precisely, with less complication as compare to conventional method.Method: Out of 90 (Ninety) patients having DNS associated with epistaxis,chronic rhino sinusitis, snoring were studied 45 were treated with Endoscopic septoplastyand 45 with conventional septoplasty pros and cons of both tools and techniques were noted.Results: Post-surgical complications were least in Endoscopic surgery as compare to conventional septoplasty – 0% bleeding in Endoscopy and 2 (4.44%) in conventional, 7 (15.5%) DNS recurrence in conventional and 3 (6.66%) in endoscopic, 3 (6.6%) Epistaxis and crusting in conventional and 1 (2.2%) in Endoscopy and 0% crusting in Endoscopy.Conclusion: It is concluded that Endoscopic septoplasty is quite safer due to better illumination which enables to identify the pathology of septum precisely and realignment of the cartilages for better results

A hospital-based study on the distribution of ovarian tumors in the tribal and nontribal population of Ranchi, Jharkhand

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the types and management of ovarian tumors in tribal and nontribal population of Jharkhand. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology for duration of 24 months from December 2019 till November 2021. The study included the data (age and clinical symptoms) of patients of ovarian tumors who attended the Gynecology Outpatient Department and were managed with surgery or neoadjuvant therapy. The diagnosis was confirmed through radiology investigations, tumor markers, and histopathology. Histopathological reports of samples sent to the Department of Pathology were included. Results: A total of 150 patients with ovarian tumors were included, among which 63 (42%) were tribal. As compared to nontribals, tribals had comparable mean age (39.05 ± 12.18 vs. 36.55 ± 11.77, P = 0.469), comparable parity, and socioeconomic status. The most common complaints were pain in lower abdomen (80%), lump in lower abdomen (34%), and abdominal distension (18%). Epithelial tumors constituted the majority of tumors, and histopathological types included mucinous adenocarcinoma (26%), dermoid cyst (16%), serous cystadenoma (10%), and simple ovarian cyst (10%). Distribution of histopathological type of tumor was comparable between nontribal and tribal (P = 0.478). Seventy-four percent of the patients were managed operatively, which included unilateral ovarian mass/cyst removal, ovarian mass removal, total abdominal hysterectomy, and opposite side salpingo-oophorectomy, whereas 26% of the patients were managed conservatively with chemotherapy. There was no mortality, and the overall outcomes were comparable between nontribals and tribals (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, histopathological type, management, and outcomes were similar among tribal and nontribal patients with ovarian tumors.

Study of Hypertension rates and Blood Pressure pattern among the tribal Population of Jharkhand.

Study of Hypertension rates and Blood Pressure pattern among the tribal Population of Jharkhand.

Prevalence of Hearing loss in Diabetes Mellitus Patients of Jharkhand Population

AbstractBackground: Hearing loss in Diabetic patients is global problem WHO report has a suggestion that 50% of hearingloss in Diabetic patients is preventable. Hence various grades of hearing loss has to be evaluatedMethod: 250 hearing loss patients,aged between 20 to 50 years were studied by pure tone audiometry, byaudiometry degree, type and configuration of hearingwas assessed. General examination was done by otoscopyfollowed by pure tone audiometry in which manual audiometry was used.Results: 123 (49.2%) had moderate loss, 89 (35.6%) moderate severe, 38 (15.2%) severe hearing loss, Associatedclinical manifestation were 86 (34.4%) had parasthesia, 60 (24%) had skin disease, 50 (20%) had visual problems,54 (21.6%) had lack of sleep.Conclusion: In this pragmatic study it is concluded that there is strong correlation between Diabetes mellitusand hearing threshold levels especially at higher frequencies. Long duration and uncontrolled diabetes has moreimplications over hearing threshold. This study will help the ENT surgeon to diagnose the severity of hearing lossand treat efficiently to avoid morbidity mortality and social withdrawl.

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with various risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in tribal population of Jharkhand

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with hypertension, preeclampsia, stillbirth, macrosomia, unexplained intrauterine death, instrumental and traumatic delivery leading to both maternal and foetal injuries, and increased risk of maternal and neonatal infections. The present study was conducted at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi to determine the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GDM) and its associated risk factors in tribal population of Jharkhand. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of GDM and to analyze its association with various risk factors. Materials and Methods: Detailed history of all patients was taken with emphasis on genetic and family history and history of the previous pregnancies. All the patients were screened by the single step 75 gm 2 hours oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as recommended by the World Health Organization. GDM was diagnosed if 2 hours PG is ≥140 mg/dL. Results: Most patients of GDM were from upper middle class 45.45%, followed by lower middle class (27.27%) and upper lower class (18.18%). For the non-GDM patients, most patients were from upper lower class (55.055%), followed by upper middle (24.71%). The prevalence of GDM was 12.12 % in the tribal population as compared to non-tribal population (10.44 %). In present study, in majority (89.00 %) of study subjects, result of 75 gm OGTT was negative. Result of 75 gm OGTT was positive in only 11 out of 100 study subjects (11.00 %). Conclusion: Tribal population in Jharkhand has very poor access to health-care services of the state. This study is first of its kind in our state which will set as an eye opener to further deliver better health-care facilities at grassroot level in Jharkhand.

Study of visual outcomes and complications of cataract surgery in congenital cataract cases in tribal population of Jharkhand

Study of visual outcomes and complications of cataract surgery in congenital cataract cases in tribal population of Jharkhand

Morphological study of the menisci of the knee joint in human cadaver in Jharkhand population

Sports are the leading cause of joint injuries, particularly in the knees. Knee menisci are an important functional unit that aids in load distribution and hence reduces stress on the knee joint. Meniscal morphology provides information on exact size and shape, which is important for meniscal transplantation in cases of meniscal damage. The study's goal is to determine the morphological variation in the shape of menisci, as well as the width and thickness of menisci. This study was conducted at the Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) Ranchi, Department of Anatomy. In this study, 100 menisci were taken from 50 adult cadaver knee joints available in the dissection hall. Six morphological kinds of menisci were identified after a morphological and morphometric study of 100 menisci. The most common crescent-shaped menisci (96%) were found in 50 medial menisci (MM), while the most common C-shaped menisci were found in 50 lateral menisci (LM, 94%). There was no statistically significant difference in thickness between the anterior, middle, and posterior thirds of the MM in the morphometric analysis. The thickest section of the lateral meniscus (LM) was in the middle third. There was no significant variation in the width of the LM among the different thirds in the current study. The posterior portion of the medial meniscus (MM), on the other hand, was the widest. The findings of this study support meniscal anatomy in terms of surgical technique and arthroscopy of the knee joint, as well as contributing to a better understanding of meniscal architecture and meniscal transplantation. As a result, health workers who treat meniscal injuries should be aware of the probable anatomical differences.

A study on morphology of retro hepatic segment of inferior vena cava in Jharkhand population

A study on morphology of retro hepatic segment of inferior vena cava in Jharkhand population

Prevalence and pattern of maxillofacial injuries and treatment outcome after bear attacks in Jharkhand population.

Introduction:Sloth bear, a native species of Indian subcontinent, has a population estimate of 1200–1500 in Jharkhand. Human habitats in proximity to forest reserve cause frequent human–bear interactions and thus bear attack injuries. Face is the most common site affected. This is a prospective study performed to evaluate the incidence and pattern of maxillofacial trauma after bear attack and the outcome of the treatment provided to them.Materials and Methods:Patients with bear attack injuries reporting to the outpatient department were recruited for the study. The incidence was recorded in terms of time, month, and site. Details of maxillofacial wounds and fractures were noted. The variables used to analyze the outcome of the treatment were ugly scar, facial asymmetry (eyelid, nose, cheek, and lips), facial nerve paralysis, loss of vision, and alopecia.Results:Majority of the cases were reported in April and March. Victims were from Ranchi 4 (26.6%), Gumla 3 (20%), Lohardaga 2 (13.3%), Latehar 2 (13.3%), Simdega 1 (6.6%), Ramgarh 1 (6.6%), Khunti 1 (6.6%), and West Singhbhum 1 (6.6%) districts of Jharkhand. Zygoma (10) was the most affected fractured bone, followed by frontal (9) and mandible (6). Minor ugly scar was found in 14 (93.3%) of the patients, postoperative facial deformity in 12 (80%), unilateral facial paralysis in 2 (13.3%), and alopecia patch in the scalp in 1 (13.3%).Conclusion:Spring and early summer are the breeding seasons of sloth bears in Jharkhand. Mahua petal which attracts the wild bear falls from trees during these months causing such human attacks. Loss of vision describes the mutilating nature of bear attack.

Perception, awareness, and practice about missing teeth, prosthetic options, and knowledge about dental implants as a treatment modality in the adult population of Jharkhand State: A hospital-based study

Context:Several options to restore the missing teeth are currently available; however, minimal information is there regarding the tooth loss consequences and knowledge of the various prosthetic options in the Indian population.Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the perception, awareness, and practice about missing teeth, prosthetic options, and knowledge about dental implants among the adult population of Jharkhand state.Materials and Methods:A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 400 participants. The questionnaire was divided into two sections, i.e., perception awareness and practice about missing teeth, its consequences, and prosthetic options and the second part was about the knowledge of dental implants.Statistical Analysis:Chi-square test was applied for comparison, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Maximum numbers of people 178 (44.5%) were interested to get their teeth replaced as a definite requirement. Loss of esthetics as a consequence after tooth loss was known to 72.5% followed by tilting of adjacent teeth (47%). Awareness for prosthetic options available after tooth loss was highest (71.5%) for fixed partial denture's (Bridge). Sixty-three percentage of the studied population had not replaced their missing teeth with any dental prosthesis. Knowledge about dental implants was restricted to a meager of 84 (21%) of the participants. Dentist was the main source of information for dental implants, followed by media.Conclusion:Awareness of patients toward missing teeth and its consequences requires more emphasis. Special effort is needed to improve the knowledge of dental implants among the less educated population of this region.

Comparison of Causes of Infective and Non-Infective Epistaxis in the Kolhan Belt Population of Jharkhand

Background: Epistaxis is the commonest otolarangyngological emergency affecting 60 % of population in their life time.If un-treated may affect hemodynamic status.Method: 92 Epistaxic patients of different age groups were treated conservatively after routine blood examination andserum electrolyte, Urea, S. Creatinine, Urine routine examination, Blood group, Coagulation profile, CT scan was done inselected patients to rule out neoplasm of the nose, PNS and nasopharynx. Moreover chest-x-ray, ECG was performed forfitness procedure required for general anaesthesia.Results: In clinical manifestations of infective and non-infective epistaxis 32 (34.7%) were idiopathic, 19 (20.6%) were dueto trauma, 14 (15.2%) rhinitis, 15 (16.3%) HTN/Atherosclerosis, 2 (2.17%) due to tumours, 2 (2.17%) Iatrogenic, 3 (3.26%)foreign bed, 2 (2.17%) blood dyscrasis, 1 (1.08%) congenital heart disease, 2 (2.17%) during pregnancy, 30 (32.1%) werenon-infective, 62 (67.3%) were infective epistaxic. Out of 92 patients 36 (39.1%) had non-infective bleeding sites and 56(60.8%) had infective bleeding sites. Out of 6 (6.52%), 5 (5.43%) complications were observed in non-infective epistaxis.Conclusion: Though epistaxis is idiopathic it is classified as local or systemic but it is difficult to classify. Hence 80-90%were idiopathic (non-infective) Majority of the epistaxis were managed with conservative (non-surgical) treatment suchas nasal packing and local cauterization. It is safe and cost effective surgery will be the lost resort to cure epistaxis.

A profile of body composition and obesity related gene polymorphism among eastern and north eastern populations of India

BackgroundBody composition and obesity is one of the major health related risk factors leading to increased metabolic mortality and morbidity. The Association of genetic polymorphism with obesity and body composition is one way to assess the health status of a given population. In Indian region of east and north east, population-based studies have been conducted to assess the relation of body composition and obesity with gene polymorphism known to be associated with obesity and cardiovascular health and disease. MethodsThe current study consisted of different ethnic groups of Eastern and North Eastern part of India. A total of 225 randomly selected apparently healthy unrelated (free from any major diseases) adult individuals of 12 Ethnic groups were selected for the present study. Kurmi, Bhumij and Bouri population of Purulia District, and Bengali population of Kolkata, West Bengal, Meitei population of Manipur, Kolui, Riang, Rupini, Chakma and Tripuri of Tripura, Santal and Sabar population of Jharkhand, India were incorporated in the present study. FTO, ACE3, PSD3 and A604G genotyping by Restriction Fragment length Polymorphism (RFLP) was performed to study specific Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) among the population. Anthropometric and socio demographic data were collected from all the subjects as per standard procedure. Overweight and obese categories for BMI classification was determined using classifications based on BMI, WC, WHR, WSR and BF percentage. ResultsThe genetic polymorphism studied showed no significant relation among any of the 4 gene polymorphism with body composition variables. Smaller insignificant fraction of polymorphism for ACE, FTO gene was observed in population 3. PSD3 and A604G and polymorphism was not observed in any of the population studied. ConclusionComparison of the results from anthropometric, physiological, metabolic data on the basis of body composition and gene polymorphism indicated that the studied population of twelve ethnic groups might not be susceptible to ACE, FTO, PSD3 and A604G associated obesity related disease.