Poor Wound Research Articles

Short-term uncertainty in long-term energy system models — A case study of wind power in Denmark

When wind power constitutes a larger share of the electricity production mix, credible and reliable modelling of its operation in long-term investment models becomes increasingly important. In this paper the intermittent characteristics of wind power are modelled as a stochastic parameter in a long-term TIMES model of the Danish heat and electricity sector. To our knowledge, this is not a common approach in long-term investment models, and has not been done previously in TIMES, where the short-term uncertainty of wind power is normally taken into account by a deterministic constraint that ensures excess back-up capacity. In our model, the stochasticity gives lower total energy system costs, significant lower investments in wind power, less expected electricity export and higher expected biomass consumption compared to using the traditional deterministic approach. Also, the deterministic investment strategy can be insufficient in periods with poor wind conditions. Based on our findings, we recommend using a stochastic representation of intermittent renewables in long-term investment models to provide more solid results for decision makers.

Nutritional status and laboratory parameters among internal medicine inpatients.

Malnutrition is a clinical state resulting in prolonged hospital stay, increase in severity of infections and poor wound healing. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence and etiologic factors of malnutrition in medical inpatients. A total of 290 consecutively admitted internal medicine patients from February to May 2012 were included. On admission, demographic data, anthropometric measurements, laboratory parameters and nutritional screening test results were recorded. Nutritional risk score-2002 for patients under 65 years old, mini nutritional assessment for older patients and subjective global assessment (SGA) tests performed. Relation of demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, weight and body mass index (BMI) with nutritional status were evaluated. Mean age was 61±17 years; 145 patients were male. Among 160 patients<65 years old, 34 were in malnutrition (21%), 41 (26%) were under risk of malnutrition and 85 (53%) were normal. When they were divided into three groups according to SGA, we found significant difference in hemoglobin, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin and protein, weight and BMI. Among 130 patients over 65 years old, 47 patients (37%) were in malnutrition, 41 (31%) were under risk of malnutrition and 42 (32%) were normal. There was significant difference in LDL, cholesterol, albumin, protein, weight and BMI between three groups; each 1 g/dl decrease in serum albumin and age older than 65 years old increased malnutrition risk 5.21 and 1.97 times, respectively. Malnutrition risk is high among internal medicine inpatients and risk seems to be higher among older patients. Nutritional screening of geriatric patients, close follow-up and providing earlier health care would contribute rehabilitation of chronic diseases and decrease re-admissions.

Healing status of surgical incisions in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with fractures

To observe the healing status of surgical incisions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with fractures and explore the factors related with poor wound healing, treatment and preventive measures. Retrospective analyses were performed for the clinical data of 61 HIV-positive patients with fractures. And the influencing factors, treatment and outcomes of poor wound healing were analyzed. Among them, the healing status was good (n = 50) and poor (n = 11). And the outcomes included redness (n = 10), oozing (n = 8), split (n = 3), infection (n = 2), hematoma (n = 1), fat liquefaction (n = 2) and delayed healing (n = 2). All healed well after treatment. There was no infection or death during the follow-up period. Compared with HIV-negative patients, it was not statistically significant in wound infection. However, poor healing rates were significantly different (P < 0.05). The risk factors included advanced age, low body mass index, low albumin, low hemoglobin, low total lymphocyte count, low CD4⁺ T lymphocyte count, high HIV infection clinical stage, long operative duration, emergency surgery and incision contamination. In HIV-positive patients with fractures, the healing of surgical incision is generally good. However few have poor wound healing due to multiple factors. If poor healing is identified early and handled timely and correctly, good healing ensues.

A Statistical Analysis of Wind Distribution and Wind Power Potential in the Coastal Region of South Africa

This article investigates the wind characteristics and the wind power potential for electricity generation in the coastal regions of South Africa through the analysis of local wind regime of ten different sites. The data used consist of 10-min average time series wind speeds, temperatures, and standard deviation measured at anemometer height of 20 and 60 m for a period of 1 year. First, the statistical distribution model that best fits the empirical wind speed data in the areas of study is determined based on the coefficient of determination and root mean square error, which are used to test the goodness of fit. The parameters and the wind power density based on this model are estimated for each of the months and season of the year. For a realistic result in estimating the power density, the stochastic nature of the site air density based on the local temperature and the site altitude above the sea level is taken into consideration. The diurnal (day and night), electricity peak periods wind characteristic, and the turbulence intensity of the sites are calculated. The optimum wind speed, most probable wind speed and shear exponential which are important pieces of information in the selection of wind turbines are evaluated. Some of the key results show that at 60 m anemometer height, site WM05 has an exceptional wind power potential with annual power density of 694 W/m2, while site WM02 shows a poor wind power potential with annual power density of 216.29 W/m2.

An Investigation of the Low Performance of the First Wind Farm in Thailand: A Case of Poor Wind Turbine-Site Matching

This research investigates causes of the low performance of the first commercial wind farm in Thailand. The measured data suggests that this wind farm is uncompetitive. We found that this is due to poor turbine-site matching. In contrary to a traditionally held belief, the hub-height and turbine capacity are not the contributing factors. Key performance indicators are obtained for use as benchmarks in future wind farm appraisal. Then a turbine selection method is proposed to increase the capacity factor (CF) of the wind farm. CF is used as the main performance indicator, which can be compared to other wind farms. The real capacity factor (CFR) determined using measured data is 14.90%. This CFR is considerably lower than the estimated capacity factor (CFE) of 21.53%. The low CFR is due to grid instability. In addition, the CFR is lower than the CFE by a factor of 0.69. This information is valuable to investors and wind farm developers in a wind farm feasibility study. A graphical wind turbine-site matching is proposed. Wind turbine-site matching is achieved by using normalised power output plots and power density plots on a probability density graph of the wind site. This process consumes a short period of time. An improved turbine-site matching is achieved.

Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis for end-stage post-traumatic ankle arthritis

Objective To investigate effect of arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis in the treatment of endstage post-traumatic ankle arthritis.Methods Between July 2007 and December 2010,21 patients with post-traumatic ankle arthritis underwent arthroscopic arthrodesis in our hospital.There were 14 males and 7 females,aged from 21 to 68 years (average,37 years).Before operation,conservative treatments were unsuccessful in all patients.During operation,the articular cartilage was removed completely,and then micro-fracture was made in bone near articular surface.Then,the operating ankle were reduced and fixed provisionally with Kirschner wires.A C-arm X-ray system was used to confirm the reduction of operating ankle,and the operating ankle was fixed with cannulate screws if the reduction was satisfactory.Two patients also underwent arthroscopic subtalar arthrodesis.After operation,the affected ankle was fixed with plaster for six weeks.Then partial weight-bearing were allowed and gradually increased until bone union.Results All patients were followed up for 1 to 4 years (average,1.8 years).All affected ankle achieved bone union after 10 to 16 weeks (average,12 weeks).No early complications occurred,such as poor wound healing and infection.Subtalar arthritis with pain occurred in 3 patients; the symptom relieved in 2 of them after conservative treatment and in 1 patient after subtalar arthrodesis.The VAS score improved from preoperative 8.1±1.5 to 2.7± 1.1 one year postoperatively,which showed statistical significance (t=3.153,P=0.005).Conclusion Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis provides an alternative method for treating end-stage post-traumatic ankle arthritis,which has some advantages,such as less surgical trauma,more beautiful incision and higher fusion rate.However,it needs special equipments and a learning curve. Key words: Ankle; Arthritis; Arthrodesis; Arthroscopy

Stan Scheller: The Forerunner of Clinical Studies on Using Propolis for Poor and Chronic Nonhealing Wounds

For hundreds of years poor and chronic nonhealing wounds have constituted a serious problem to medicine. What is more, treating such wounds is an expensive let alone a long-lasting process. The following paper describes Professor Scheller's achievements in using propolis for poor and chronic non-healing wounds. The authors' intention was to present the results connected with the use of the ethanolic extract propolis, in the treatment of patients suffering from burns, venous crural ulceration, local sacral bone pressure ulcers, suppurative osteitis and arthritis, suppurative postoperative local wound complications, and infected traumatic wounds.

The effects of oral pregabalin on post-operative pain of lower limb orthopedic surgery: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background:Post-operative pain is one of the problems, wherein lack of control on it has many side-effects such as tachycardia, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, decreased alveolar ventilation, and poor wound healing.Aims:In this study, we evaluated the pre-operative administration of pregabalin sufficiency and security in relieving post-operative pain after lower limb orthopedic surgery and reducing the need for opioids and their possible side-effects.Materials and Methods:This study is a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. It was performed on 60 patients under lower limb surgery by spinal anesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups, one group has received a 150 mg pregabalin capsule 2 h before surgery and the other group has received placebo as a control. In both groups at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery, the patients were evaluated and the pain score, the score of sedation, incidence of nausea and vomiting was recorded in the checklists. Then, the data were analyzed by SPSS v16.Results:Visual analog pain scores at all hours in pregabalin group significantly reduced compared to the placebo group (P < 0.0001). Also, in the pregabalin group nausea and vomiting scores at all hours, sedation levels at 2 h and 6 h post-operatively, and pethidine consumption in all hours have significantly been reduced.Conclusion:A single pre-operative oral dose of pregabalin 150 mg is an effective method for reducing post-operative pain and pethidine consumption in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Extensive maxillofacial and oral myiasis

CASE REPORT A 28­year­old homeless man was brought by a police officer to the emergency service of the Regional Sul Hospital (Sao Paulo, Brazil) for evaluation of an extensive destruction of the oral and maxillofacial tissues. The patient was a heavy smoker (three packs of cigarettes per day) and according to his medical records he had a previous diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma, but decided not get it treated. Three years later, the surface of the swelling revealed an extensive necrotic ulcer extending to the mouth, lips, nose and neck with live maggots visible and moving. Around 110 larvae were surgically removed and the necrotic tissue was debrided (Figure 1A–B). The patient was sent to the oncology service for a whole body evaluation, however, he passed away two weeks later due to systemic complications. DISCUSSION The term myiasis is applied to the injurious action that a parasites of the order Diptera causes to the living or dead tissue in which they grow in vertebrates organisms [1]. It is more common in animals and it has been rarely reported in humans [2]. Moreover, considering that myiasis develops by direct infestation of tissues by larvae (maggots) laid by flies [1], the mouth is not a common place for its development compared with dermis or other tissues. Oral myiasis is usually associated with poor hygiene, wound healing, mouth breathing, mental impairment or senility [3]. In our case, the patient was clearly predisposed to the infestation considering the fact that he was a homeless, had unhygienic living condition, and had a previously untreated oral carcinoma. The treatment of oral myiasis in most cases includes only surgical exploration to remove the larvae and necrotic tissue [3]. Alternatively, use of medicines such as ivermectin has also been proved efficacious, by enhancing parasitic death and their emergence to tissue surface [4]. Initial infestation can easily mimic gingival inflammations. Likewise, some cases of myiasis in association with oral tumors have also been reported [5]. CLINICAL IMAGES OPEN ACCESS

Wind energy assessment: Masdar City case study

Annual wind data at Masdar City (24.4202° N, 54.6132° E) has been recorded in attempt to assess wind energy potential. Thereby, accurate wind energy production can be assessed for a given region. The vertical wind profile is inferred and was appropriately fitted with power law profile. The spectrum of the temporal data is obtained which exhibits turbulent type. Investigation of high resolution temporal records also emphasized the turbulence, non-periodicity, and intermittency of the wind data. Consequently, frequency-scale wavelet decomposition is carried out, and intermittency of the data is identified. The measured wind capacity categorized Masdar City as poor wind region. It is followed by fitting the measured wind data with the maximum likelihood Weibull distribution. The power curves of two sizes of horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) are coupled with the Weibull distribution. The annual energy production was found to be 3307.08 MWh and 28.73 MWh at the height of 50 m for the large and small turbine, respectively. Considering the turbine efficiency and the return on the investment for the current case study, results are in favor of small size HAWT deployment, i.e. 3.5 KW Windspot, over the larger size.

Zinc and liver disease.

Zinc is an essential trace element required for normal cell growth, development, and differentiation. It is involved in DNA synthesis, RNA transcription, and cell division and activation. It is a critical component in many zinc protein/enzymes, including critical zinc transcription factors. Zinc deficiency/altered metabolism is observed in many types of liver disease, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and viral liver disease. Some of the mechanisms for zinc deficiency/altered metabolism include decreased dietary intake, increased urinary excretion, activation of certain zinc transporters, and induction of hepatic metallothionein. Zinc deficiency may manifest itself in many ways in liver disease, including skin lesions, poor wound healing/liver regeneration, altered mental status, or altered immune function. Zinc supplementation has been documented to block/attenuate experimental ALD through multiple processes, including stabilization of gut-barrier function, decreasing endotoxemia, decreasing proinflammatory cytokine production, decreasing oxidative stress, and attenuating apoptotic hepatocyte death. Clinical trials in human liver disease are limited in size and quality, but it is clear that zinc supplementation reverses clinical signs of zinc deficiency in patients with liver disease. Some studies suggest improvement in liver function in both ALD and hepatitis C following zinc supplementation, and 1 study suggested improved fibrosis markers in hepatitis C patients. The dose of zinc used for treatment of liver disease is usually 50 mg of elemental zinc taken with a meal to decrease the potential side effect of nausea.

Lower extremity limb salvage with cryoplasty: a single-center cohort study

Endovascular techniques have been playing an increasing role in managing lower extremity chronic critical limb ischemia (CLI) in patients considered poor or non-candidates for surgical revascularization secondary to co-morbidities such as coronary artery disease, uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes mellitus or inadequate conduit. This study reviews our recent clinical experience in the treatment of peripheral artery disease solely using cryoplasty. A retrospective cohort study was performed. The cohort consisted of 88 patients who underwent lower extremity revascularization utilizing cryoplasty between December 2003 and August 2007. Indications for intervention included poor wound healing after forefoot amputation or persistent ulceration of the foot, disabling claudication and rest pain. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess salvage rates. One hundred twenty-six lesions were treated in 88 patients. Technical success rate was 97%. Limb salvage rates were 75 and 63% for patients with critical limbs ischemia after one and three years, respectively. A history of smoking was associated with a threefold increased risk of limb loss. In conclusion, endovascular management of lower extremity lesions with cryoplasty is an emerging and viable paradigm in the treatment of CLI in an attempt to preserve limbs and avoid major amputations.

Designing resource-efficient ideotypes for new cropping conditions: Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) in the High Rainfall Zone of southern Australia

With the ultimate aim of developing a Crop Design Tool that will specify resource-efficient ideotypes for any environment, modelling procedures are proposed and tested here whereby wheat phenology can be optimised according to risks of abiotic damage (frost, heat and drought) to seedling establishment and grain set. Then crop growth can be estimated from availability of water and solar radiation, and optimum DM partitioning to grain can be specified by allocating a minimum of support dry matter (DM) to stems (to resist lodging), leaves (to optimise photosynthesis), and flowers (to bear grains). Ideotypes for reference regions (with mature wheat breeding programmes) of the Mallee and Wimmera in Victoria, the Canturbury plains in New Zealand and Norfolk in the UK gave estimated grain yields of 1.9, 3.0, 7.2 and 6.2 t ha −1 DM respectively, similar to those shown by current cultivars, but with earlier flowering and harvest dates, with heavier stems, and high redistribution of stem DM to grain. Ideotypes for five sites in the Australian High Rainfall Zone showed high grain yield potentials, ranging from 4.5 t ha −1 DM at Kojonup to 7.8 t ha −1 DM at Hamilton, allowing for yield loss due to abiotic stress. These were characterised by early stem extension and flowering dates but also by long crop construction periods (from the start of stem extension to anthesis) of 800–1100 °Cd and increased harvest indices compared to cultivars currently adopted from other regions. The challenges in testing these ideotypes will be in finding germplasm that demonstrates unusual phenology with short stature, and growing these to maximise light interception in spring. The main uncertainties in the estimation procedures arose from poor quality wind data, a poorly quantified association between stem material density and stem strength, and lack of data on maximum capacity to store redistributable stem DM. Sensitivity analysis showed grain yields of ideotypes to depend on maximum wind gusts during grain production as well as on plant-available water. The most effective single means of increasing potential grain yields was predicted clearly to be through increasing the conversion of radiation to DM.

Performance assessment of a small wind turbine with crossflow runner by numerical simulations

Most of the classical wind turbines are not able to start at wind speeds as low as 2–3 m/s. Other turbines, like Savonius, have a low maximum efficiency, which renders them useless in poor wind conditions. Therefore, new turbine designs are required to harvest wind power even when the wind speed is low. A wind turbine having a crossflow runner, similar to the Banki water turbine, is studied numerically in this work in order to estimate its performance. The results obtained suggest that this turbine has a considerable high starting torque and its maximum power coefficient is comparable to those of horizontal axis wind turbines. Based on the results obtained, some improvements of the design are proposed in order to further increase turbine performance.

May the rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap be the best option for the reconstruction of complicated large defects of pelvic exenteration for vulvar malignancies after pelvic radiation?

Abstract Reconstruction of the large defects that develop after pelvic exenteration with local flaps may result in higher morbidity because of poor perineal wound healing after pelvic radiation. A well vascularised reconstructive flap originating from distant non-irradiated areas is needed. We report two cases of pelvic exenteration and rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap procedure in patients with recurrent vulvar malignancies that had undergone external beam pelvic radiation and subsequently developed pelvic fibrosis, necrosis and fistulas. Both flaps were totally viable postoperatively; the abdominal wound healed without any complication, no perineal wound complications developed with a follow-up of nine months. In conclusions, rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction seems to be an ideal option for the large defects resulting from exenteration operations in patients with previous perineal radiation.

Satellite Microwave Surface Observations in Tropical Cyclones

Abstract Sea surface estimates of local winds, waves, and rain-rate conditions are crucial to complement infrared/visible satellite images in estimating the strength of tropical cyclones (TCs). Satellite measurements at microwave frequencies are thus key elements of present and future observing systems. Available for more than 20 years, passive microwave measurements are very valuable but still suffer from insufficient resolution and poor wind vector retrievals in the rainy conditions encountered in and around tropical cyclones. Scatterometer and synthetic aperture radar active microwave measurements performed at the C and Ku band on board the European Remote Sensing (ERS), the Meteorological Operational (MetOp), the Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT), the Environmental Satellite (Envisat), and RadarSat satellites can also be used to map the surface wind field in storms. Their accuracy is limited in the case of heavy rain and possible saturation of the microwave signals is reported. Altimeter dual-frequency measurements have also been shown to provide along-track information related to surface wind speed, wave height, and vertically integrated rain rate at about 6-km resolution. Although limited for operational use by their dimensional sampling, the dual-frequency capability makes altimeters a unique satellite-borne sensor to perform measurements of key surface parameters in a consistent way. To illustrate this capability two Jason-1 altimeter passes over Hurricanes Isabel and Wilma are examined. The area of maximum TC intensity, as described by the National Hurricane Center and by the altimeter, is compared for these two cases. Altimeter surface wind speed and rainfall-rate observations are further compared with measurements performed by other remote sensors, namely, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission instruments and the airborne Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer.

The use of wind energy for passive cooling applications in western Greece

The use of a small wind turbine for the power supply of a radiative passive cooling system for indoor cooling or pre-cooling, even in areas with rather poor wind potential, was investigated in the present study. The passive cooling system was a lightweight aluminium nocturnal radiator, painted with an appropriate white paint and was established on the roof of the Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management in Agrinio, in western Greece. The metallic radiator was used for indoor space cooling or pre-cooling, by providing cooled air to a specific thermal zone of the building of the Department. The limited energy demands of the system as well as the lighting demands of that specific thermal zone of the building were satisfied by a small wind turbine, placed on the roof of the building. Furthermore, the financial benefits of the system were investigated by a cost analysis, which gave excellent results and demonstrated that, even in areas with rather poor wind potential, there is the possibility of using wind power for domestic use in applications concerning indoor air conditioning. Finally, a neural network approach was used for modelling the energy consumption of a residential building in the area of western Greece using various wind energy and other climatic parameters.

Investigation of immuno-regulatory mechanisms relating to poor surgical wound healing and breast cancer recurrence.

Abstract Abstract #5045 Background: The factors leading to breast cancer recurrence are incompletely understood. We carried out a retrospective study of outcome for 1065 breast cancer patients for which we examined factors correlating with cancer recurrence. We found that infection of wounds after surgery for primary disease positively correlated with cancer recurrence (Murthy et al, BJC 2007). Patients with wound complications were 3 fold more likely to have systemic recurrences than those without (p&amp;lt;0.0001). The aim of our study is to determine mechanisms responsible for this correlation. Our approach is based on two possible theories. First, patients may have an underlying immune dysfunction that predisposes them to developing both wound complications and also recurrence. Secondly, factors released at sites of wound complications may have direct influences on the remaining occult tumour cells, thereby increasing the likelihood of metastases.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Patients with primary operable breast cancer were recruited prospectively. Blood was collected from patients pre-operatively, 4 and 16h post-operatively and again at 2 weeks, 3 and 6 months post-operatively. A variety of investigations were carried out on each sample to establish the immune status of the patient at that time point, and to identify potential mediators of cross talk between the immune system, the wound and any occult tumour cells. These investigations include: a) Full blood count; b) Immune cell phenotyping (absolute numbers/frequency of B, T lymphocytes and Natural Killer (NK) cell sub-types using multi-colour flow-cytometry); c) Cytokine profiling (using fluid phase cytometric multiplex immunoassays for 27 critical cytokines). Patients were followed up post-operatively for wound complications.&amp;#x2028; Results:&amp;#x2028; In our cohort of 57 patients, those who underwent a mastectomy were four times more likely to develop a post-operative wound infection than those who had breast conserving surgery (p=0.022). There was no significant difference in pre-operative absolute numbers of B and T lymphocytes or NK cells between the two groups. The percentage drop in absolute numbers of NK cells at 4 hours post-operatively was greater in the mastectomy group than in patients having breast conserving surgery (p=0.008). Mastectomy patients also dropped their CD45 counts by a significantly greater percentage (p=0.024). No significant difference was noted in the CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD19 counts between the two groups. Patients who developed wound infections showed peaks in levels of either Interleukin 5 or Interleukin 6.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion&amp;#x2028; Disruption of immune mechanisms as a result of increased surgical stresses in mastectomy patients contributes to a higher rate of wound complications. This may also provide a window of opportunity for the dissemination of tumour cells with their latent potential for reactivation and the development of metastases. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5045.

Modelling Near-Surface Low Winds over Land under Stable Conditions: Sensitivity Tests, Flux-Gradient Relationships, and Stability Parameters

Low or weak wind-speed conditions, roughly defined as the periods when the mean wind speed at 10 m above the ground is 2 ms−1 or less, are of considerable practical interest. However, they are not readily amenable to treatment within prognostic meteorological models and, consequently, difficult to predict, especially when the ambient stability is strong. In this paper, we apply an E − e prognostic meteorological model to simulate near-surface meteorology and, focusing on low wind speeds, compare the predictions with measurements from two independent datasets. A sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the possible reasons for the relatively inferior model performance for low winds when the atmosphere is stably stratified. A comprehensive data analysis is carried out to study low wind stable conditions, concentrating on the validity of various forms of flux–gradient relationships for momentum and heat within the framework of the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, which models employ for calculating surface fluxes. The observed behaviour of various stability parameters, such as the Richardson number, is investigated. The results point to inadequacies of the current flux–gradient relationships, especially regarding momentum, under strongly stable conditions as being a dominant reason for the poor low wind predictions. The modelling issues identified are not just restricted to the present model, but are general in nature. The use of an alternative stability function for momentum under strongly stable conditions is explored. It results in improved model performance for low winds; however, further research is needed to better understand strongly stable flows in the lower atmosphere and to develop methods that can translate that understanding to operational meteorological modelling.

Investigation of immunoregulatory mechanisms relating to poor surgical wound healing and breast cancer recurrence

Investigation of immunoregulatory mechanisms relating to poor surgical wound healing and breast cancer recurrence