Poor Monitoring Research Articles

Early career experience of executives and stock price informativeness

This paper examines the impact of early career experience through economic recessions of executives on stock price informativeness. We find that firms with a greater percentage of executives who start their careers during recessionary periods are positively associated with stock price informativeness, as measured by firm-specific stock return variation. Moreover, we document that the association is more pronounced for firms with poor external monitoring. These findings indicate that the early career experiences of executives significantly affect the extent to which stock prices convey firm-specific information, and that external monitoring and executives’ experiences during economic downturns exhibit a substitutive relationship. This paper points out the importance of considering the heterogeneous characteristic of executives to better understand corporate transparency.

A review of the antibiotic residues in food in the Arab countries

The safety and quality of foods of animal origin are of great importance to the human health and economy. Food can contain different hazards, including antibiotic residues. In both low and middle-income countries, such as the case of the majority of the Arab countries, the use of antibiotics is not under control, in addition to the poor monitoring of imported foodstuffs. This has been causing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that is in turn threatening the safety of both animals and humans. The presence of antibiotic residues in food commodities, such as dairy and meat products, in addition to honey, is a public health concern. In this review, literature review from the Arab countries on antibiotic residues in foods was done and a total of 40 published articles were found and analyzed. The findings of these articles in terms of most used antibiotics, exposure levels, detection methods, in addition to understanding the factors that increase their presence in food samples are presented in this review.

Kejadian Stunting pada Balita: Studi Kasus di Desa Kebondalem, Kabupaten Pemalang

Background: Stunting describes poor linear growth with z-score TB/U <-2SD. In 2020, Kebondalem Village had 27.9% stunting cases, exceeding provincial (27.7%) and national (26.9%). This study aims to analyze the relationship between risk factors and the stunting toddler incident in Kebondalem Village, Pemalang District, Pemalang Regency. Methods: This research is an observational quantitative analytic with a case-control design. Sampling using simple random sampling technique, with 49 cases and 49 controls. History of exclusive breastfeeding, acute diarrhea, family income per capita, and maternal education were obtained by questionnaire, while history of growth and development monitoring was obtained by KMS. Analysis through Chi-Square test and risk value test. Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between stunting and a history of exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.000; OR=0.146; CI95%=0.057-0.377), family income per capita (p=0.025; OR=0.395, CI95%=0.174-0.898); and mother's education (p=0.013, OR=0.308, CI95% =0.119-0.797). However, there was no relationship between stunting and a history of acute diarrhea (p=0.094; OR=2.037; CI95%=0.882-4.706) and a history of growth monitoring (p=0.161; OR=0.443; CI95%=0.139–1.409). Conclusion: Toddlers without exclusive breastfeeding, having a history of acute diarrhea, low family income per capita, low maternal education, and a history of poor growth monitoring, have a greater risk of experiencing stunting.

Evaluation of Design Process of Commercial Construction Project Based on Lean Design Concept

To determine design reliability, this study paper evaluates the design process of commercial construction projects. To streamline design efforts, decrease needless design errors, and boost design reliability, a new design workflow will be developed using commercial building concepts. The suggested procedures will give team members input on the state of the design and enable ongoing development. One of the pioneering applications of the lean methodology to building project design will be the proposed processes. Labour overruns, inadequate monitoring, and control, a lack of competence on the part of the contractor's key staff, poor planning or scheduling, and poor planning and monitoring of the refurbishment project were the top 5 variables influencing the commercial construction design process.

The Father's Part: Influences of Paternal Psychopathology and Parenting Behavior on Child and Adolescent Well-Being.

Family influences on child quality of life (QoL) are increasingly understood. Parenting behavior and parent individual psychopathology are among the established predictors of offspring mental health. However, literature often addresses these factors as 'parental', lacking further gender-specific differentiation while predominantly studying maternal aspects. Social and biological fathers are still underrepresented in family research. The aim of this study was to analyze paternal contributions to child well-being. A total of 197 father/mother-dyads gave a standardized self-report on parenting behavior and their own psychopathology at child primary school age (t1; 6-10 y). Ratings were compared mutually and associated with child self-rated QoL at t1 and adolescence (t2; 12-14 y). Fathers and mothers differed in psychopathology and most parenting behavior dimensions (positive parenting, involvement, responsible parenting, poor monitoring, and corporal punishment). Father psychopathology made a relevant predictive contribution to girls' QoL at t2. Boys' t1 QoL was significantly influenced by maternal parenting factors (positivity and corporal punishment). Compared to mothers, fathers are faced with different individual stressors; paternal parenting behavior is different, while fathers' influences are significant, particularly for daughters. Father-addressed pre- and intervention programs in child psychotherapeutic treatment are of high relevance.

Glycemic Control and Associated Factors Among Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Southwest Ethiopia.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder among children and adolescents worldwide. Glycemic control is the ultimate goal of management of diabetes. Poor glycemic control is shown to be associated with complications of diabetes. Only a few studies have addressed the problem in Ethiopia, and this study aimed to determine the level of glycemic control and factors associated among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus on follow up. Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted on a total of 158 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes on follow up at Jimma Medical Center from July to October 2022. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and entered into Epi Data 3.1 then exported to SPSS for analysis. Glycemic control was assessed based on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed, and a p-value <0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. The mean glycosylated hemoglobin of the participants was 9.67 ± 2.28%. Of the total study participants, 121 (76.6%) had poor glycemic control. In multivariable logistic regression, guardian or father as a primary caregiver [guardian (AOR=4.45, 95%, p=0.045), father (AOR=6.02, 95%, p=0.023)], minimal involvement of caregiver in insulin injection (AOR=5.39, 95%, p=0.002), poor blood glucose monitoring adherence (AOR=4.42, 95%, p=0.026), faced problems at health facility (AOR=4.42, 95%, p=0.018) and being admitted to hospital in the past 6 months (AOR=7.94, 95%, p=0.004) were the variables significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Majority of children and adolescents with diabetes had poor glycemic control. Whereas, primary caregiver other than mother, minimal involvement of caregiver in insulin injection, and poor adherence to glucose monitoring were among the contributing factors for poor glycemic control. Therefore, adherence counseling and the participation of caregivers in diabetes management is recommended.

Key Themes, Trends, and Drivers of Mobile Ambient Air Quality Monitoring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Mobile ambient air quality monitoring is rapidly changing the current paradigm of air quality monitoring and growing as an important tool to address air quality and climate data gaps across the globe. This review seeks to provide a systematic understanding of the current landscape of advances and applications in this field. We observe a rapidly growing number of air quality studies employing mobile monitoring, with low-cost sensor usage drastically increasing in recent years. A prominent research gap was revealed, highlighting the double burden of severe air pollution and poor air quality monitoring in low- and middle-income regions. Experiment-design-wise, the advances in low-cost monitoring technology show great potential in bridging this gap while bringing unique opportunities for real-time personal exposure, large-scale deployment, and diversified monitoring strategies. The median value of unique observations at the same location in spatial regression studies is ten, which can be used as a rule-of-thumb for future experiment design. Data-analysis-wise, even though data mining techniques have been extensively employed in air quality analysis and modeling, future research can benefit from exploring air quality information from nontabular data, such as images and natural language.

Accountability in University System in Nigeria: Challenges and Way Forward

This paper looked at Accountability in the University system in Nigeria and its Challenges. Secondary data were adopted for the paper. The secondary data were collected from online and print publications. The paper concluded that lack of political will, weak accountability culture, weak labour unions, weak participation of stakeholder, poor implementation of accountability policies, poor monitoring of universities by anti-corruption agencies and other regulatory institutions, political influence and lack of autonomy amongst others are the factors responsible for poor accountability in the university system in Nigeria. To address these challenges, the paper suggested that Federal and State Governments should develop the political will to ensure visitation panels are constituted every five years and the white paper released should be implemented as at when due, to promote accountability in the universities. University administrators and managers should be trained and retrained on the importance of ensuring and promoting the culture of accountability in the universities. The various labour unions in the universities should be proactive in ensuring accountability in the universities. Also, autonomy should be granted to the universities to eliminate political influence activities in the universities.

Substantive, normative and transactive effectiveness of EIA: perception of key actors in Namibia

ABSTRACT EIA has become an important environmental management tool because it is supported by enforceable legal backing. However, its effectiveness has been debated, especially in developing countries where systems are often mimicked from the Western world. EIA in Namibia has been in place since the enactment of the legislation in 2007 and 2012 respectively. This paper investigates EIA's substantive, normative, and transactive effectiveness in Namibia as perceived by key actors. Data were collected through survey questionnaires and triangulated with semi-structured interviews. A total of 110 actors responded to the survey and 25 experts were interviewed. Interviewees perceive EIA in Namibia as moderately and marginally effective in supporting substantive, normative, and transactive effectiveness. They further perceive that various contextual and administrative challenges affect EIA effectiveness in Namibia. Challenges include poor administration, restrained consideration of assessment findings in decisions, limited learning and environmental awareness opportunities, inadequate public participation, funding, and poor monitoring, and reporting. Interviewees also highlighted political will as necessary to improve funding and appropriate institutional arrangement. Actors perceive that projects meant to improve the livelihood of impoverished communities can be accepted while foregoing environmental objectives. With targeted improvements, EIA can effectively facilitate good environmental decisions, resource mobilisation, and sustainability in Namibia.

RGD-engineered nanoparticles as an innovative drug delivery system in cancer therapy

The poor efficiency and drastic adverse effects of current cancer therapies entail a radical shift in treatment paradigms, which require developing cutting-edge therapeutics in laboratories and bringing them to rigorous preclinical and clinical testing. The principal drawbacks of present cancer therapies are the incapability of tumor targeting, uneven drug accumulation at the site of action, and poor tumor monitoring. Accordingly, incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) has made clinical progress in conveying conventional or candidate therapeutic molecules to the site of action, encouraging anticancer impacts. Interestingly, modern cancer therapy has lately been redefined by the functionalizing NPs with active targeting ligands like the Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD) peptide, remarkably strengthening the therapeutic outcomes and diminishing off-target effects. The overexpression of integrin receptors on the surface of cancerous cells brought a unique opportunity for cancer-targeted drug delivery since RGD-decorated nanocarriers precisely recognize these receptors and selectively transport their chemotherapeutic or diagnostic payloads to the cancerous cells. Subsequently, RGD-conjugated NPs have frequently been enlisted for cancer diagnosis and imaging-guided surgery, improving therapeutics strength and overwhelming drug resistance. Here, we discussed the relevance of integrin receptors in carcinogenesis and thoroughly deliberated the potential of RGD-functionalized NPs as innovative drug delivery platforms in modern cancer therapy.

13 years of the amnesty programme in Nigeria: an assessment of its impact on the Niger Delta region

The study is aimed at assessing the impact of the amnesty programme in the Niger Delta Region over the 13 years period. The historical method of data collection involving a systematic and critical analysis of secondary data was adopted for the study. The findings indicated amongst other things that while the amnesty programme has succeeded in reducing youth restiveness in the Niger Delta Region, the general state of underdevelopment, environmental degradation, poor infrastructure, lack of sustainable employment still constitute visible features of the Niger Delta Region. The study further noted that the amnesty programme has been inundated by corruption, political manipulation/interference, poor monitoring and evaluation of the programme, delay in payment of stipends to ex combatants, lack of meaningful economic engagement activities for trained ex militants amongst others. Based on these findings, the following recommendations were outlined: there is need for transparency in the implementation of the programme, proper monitoring and evaluation of the programme, proper engagement in meaningful economic activities should also be made a priority. Furthermore, focus should be given to agricultural entrepreneurship and local communities should work with the Amnesty Programme to determine their unique development needs and objectives.

Combating modern slavery in Australian supply chains: a case study of a holistic approach

It is an appalling reality that about 50 million people worldwide live under the constraints of modern slavery conditions, such as forced labour, worst form of child labour, debt bondage, servitude and deceptive recruitment and so on. In Australia, the federal government has launched the Modern Slavery Act 2018 (Cth), which sets mandatory criteria for an applicable entity to issue a modern slavery statement. However, there is a clear absence of actionable guidelines for companies to follow, in order to assess and address risks of modern slavery within their value chain. Ambiguous legislative requirements have resulted in poor monitoring that, ultimately, does not effectively help eradicate modern slavery from Australian supply chains. In order to address this gap and provide a practical tool for organisations to combat modern slavery, this article employs a case study to demonstrate how to conduct effective on-site audits to mitigate modern slavery risks through the supply chain. A set of critical factors and potential solutions to remove barriers are discussed.

EXTERNALISING BEHAVIOUR PROBLEMS IN ADOLESCENCE PREDICTED BY PARENTAL MONITORING, PRACTICES AND ATTACHMENT: EXPLORING THE MODERATING ROLE OF GENDER

Research suggests the differences between parenting boys and girls related to externalising behaviour problems. Self-reported measures were used on a sample of 507 Belgrade secondary school students (42.1% male) to examine the moderating effect of gender on the relationship of parental monitoring (the Scale of Parental Monitoring), parental attachment (the Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment, IPPA), and parental practice (the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire) with externalising problems (aggressive and rule-breaking behaviour) (ASEBA, YSR). The research results show gender differences in rule-breaking behaviour, externalising problems and some parenting variables. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed significant predictors of aggressive behaviour, rule-breaking behaviour and externalising problems, whereby poor monitoring displayed the strongest relations with all of the criteria. The moderating effect of gender was identified in explaining the links between communication with the mother, positive parenting and trust in the father with rule-breaking behaviour. The research results were discussed in the context of the protective relationship in the father-son and mother-daughter dyads for rule-breaking behaviour. The practical implications of differentiation between the relevance of mothers’ and fathers’ parenting for adolescent adjustment in terms of gender are provided. Key words parenting, externalising problems, gender

Analysis of the Current Legal Framework Protecting the Health of Communities Near Gold Mine Tailings in South Africa

South Africa has a robust legal framework to ensure that mine tailings do not become a health hazard. This notwithstanding, this article will show how a lack of effectiveness with regard to implementation and compliance has led to a situation where the health and safety of people living in communities near gold mine tailings are constantly threatened. This health hazard is exacerbated by human settlements being developed too close to mine tailings, a consequence of poor monitoring, planning and control. The authors explain how the problem could be remedied through effective implementation and compliance with the legal framework and concerted efforts between the government, mining companies and affected communities. Similarly, the establishment of exclusion zones is key to limiting exposure to pollution. At the same time, awareness campaigns will ensure that community members are equipped with the knowledge to safeguard themselves against health hazards caused by gold mine tailings.

Neurocognitive bases of self-monitoring of inner speech in hallucination prone individuals

Verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia patients might be seen as internal verbal productions mistaken for perceptions as a result of over-salient inner speech and/or defective self-monitoring processes. Similar cognitive mechanisms might underpin verbal hallucination proneness in the general population. We investigated, in a non-clinical sample, the cerebral activity associated with verbal hallucinatory predisposition during false recognition of familiar words —assumed to stem from poor monitoring of inner speech—vs. uncommon words. Thirty-seven healthy participants underwent a verbal recognition task. High- and low-frequency words were presented outside the scanner. In the scanner, the participants were then required to recognize the target words among equivalent distractors. Results showed that verbal hallucination proneness was associated with higher rates of false recognition of high-frequency words. It was further associated with activation of language and decisional brain areas during false recognitions of low-, but not high-, frequency words, and with activation of a recollective brain area during correct recognitions of low-, but not high-, frequency words. The increased tendency to report familiar words as targets, along with a lack of activation of the language, recollective, and decisional brain areas necessary for their judgement, suggests failure in the self-monitoring of inner speech in verbal hallucination-prone individuals.

Bioeconomic modelling in tilapia aquaculture: A review

AbstractThe global production of aquatic resources is increasing at the rate of 3.3 million tons per year, main thanks to aquaculture. However, this industry is considered by financial institutions as high risk due to failures caused by epizootics, natural disasters and poor planning and monitoring. Bioeconomic modelling is a progressive branch of social science that seeks to integrate the disciplines of economics and biology to create theories that better explain economic events using a biological basis and vice versa. This should be used in aquaculture to plan, monitor, and determine cost‐effectiveness and risk, to reduce uncertainty and increase profits of ongoing or new projects. A meta‐analysis of the literature on bioeconomic modelling in aquaculture during 26 years (1994─2020) was performed, using four search engines. Sixty‐eight articles were published in 23 journals, on 25 groups of species or species. The most studied were shrimp, tilapia, seabream, salmon and carp. From these, 12 articles dealt with tilapia models that shared similar biological, management and economic sub‐models. In the 26‐year analysis, the global scientific productivity in this field is low (2.6 articles/year) in relation to the growth of world aquaculture. Bioeconomic modelling peaked during the decade from 2004 to 2014 with 5.6 papers/year, but then declined to only 0.83 articles/year from 2015 to 2020. This is possibly due to the low diffusion among producers, planners and financial institutions of the advantages of the models and the difficulty to use them if friendly and readily available software is lacking.

Barriers Towards Obstetric Care Service Utilization in Ethiopia: An Explorative Qualitative Study.

Obstetric care has been at the center of both global and national agendas. More than 50% of pregnant mothers are still preferring to give birth at home with some even after having full antenatal care. However, a few literatures looked at contributing factors for this problem but they are not conclusive and do not consider different sociocultural context of Ethiopia and different health service related barriers. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore barriers to obstetric care service utilization in Ethiopia using the socio-ecological model. Explorative qualitative study was employed involving key-informant interviews, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions between October and December 2021; Individual, community, health system, and contextual barriers were explored. Atlas ti. Version 9 was used for analysis. Lack of awareness, unfavorable perception, lack of partner involvement, cultural barrier, shortage of supplies, poor infrastructure, provider-related factors, poor monitoring, and evaluation system, challenging topography, and conflict were the major barriers that hinder mothers from receiving obstetrics service in Ethiopia. Lack of awareness, unfavorable perception, conflict, problems with health system structure and process, and cultural and geographical conditions were major barriers in Ethiopia. Therefore, packages of intervention is important to avail essential equipment, strengthening follow up system, create awareness, and increase access to health facilities is very important for service improvement by the government and non-governmental organizations. Additionally, implementing conflict resolution mechanism is important for addressing better obstetric service.

MATERNAL WELLBEING: IMPACT OF PARENTING AND CHILD ABUSE

The present study examined impact of parenting and child abuse on maternal wellbeing. A sample size of 200 pregnant women was selected from the hospital settings by purposive sampling technique. Flourishing Scale, the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire Parent Form (APQ-P) and ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool—Parent version (ICAST-P)were used. The results indicated that there is a significant negative relation and impact between maternal well-being and child abuse. The relationship of maternal wellbeing is significantly positive and predictable with involvement, positive parenting and inconsistent discipline. However, maternal wellbeing is significantly negatively associated and predicted with poor monitoring and corporate punishment. The interpretation of quantitative content analysis revealed parenting techniques mothers used as appropriate means to discipline their children.

EMERGING TOOL FOR CONTROLLING POLLUTION : A REVIEW ARTICLE

The term "biotechnology" refers to the use of living organisms in man-made systems. Effluent treatment and fermentation both benefit from the employment of microorganisms. The widespread use of these methods could have a significant economic influence in fields including the development of novel pharmaceuticals, foods, and chemicals, the enhancement of agricultural goods, and the degradation of toxic wastes in substantial quantities. When it comes to cleaning the air in factories and cities of unpleasant odors and harmful chemicals, biotechnology provides the most cost-effective and eco-friendly solution. The environment and human health are both negatively impacted by the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and inorganic odorants. Odor-causing substances in the environment include ammonia, amines, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide. The need for air pollution control systems to provide peaceful, breathing air is developing as a result of rising population density and the construction of new residential areas and industrial units. This article offers a survey of the several biotechnological strategies now in use for reducing air pollution and unpleasant odors. Legal restrictions necessitate the elimination of odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to public complaints about poor air quality on-site and emission monitoring by enforcement agencies. Keywords- volatile organic compound (VOC), biotechnology, air pollution control. Cite this article- Akshita Tiwari, Shweta Sharma, Shweta Sharma, Parul Singh and Nupur Raghav, 2023 “Emerging Tool for Controlling Pollution: A Review Article” Journal of Science Innovations and Nature of Earth, Vol. 3(1), page- 52-58 www.doi.org/10.59436/https://jsiane.com/archives3/12/74

Psychopathic Traits and Parental Practices in Greek-Cypriot Community and Dutch Clinical Referred Samples.

Parental practices are associated with psychopathic traits across several developmental stages. However, the majority of available studies focused mainly on the affective dimension of psychopathy, namely callous-unemotional traits, disregarding the grandiose-deceitful and impulsivity-need for stimulation dimensions. The current study examines the distinct associations between all three dimensions with parental practices (parental involvement, poor monitoring, inconsistent discipline, and corporal punishment) after considering the effect of conduct problems (CPs) and sex in a Greek-Cypriot primary school sample (N = 792, Mage = 6.93, SD = 0.72) and a Dutch clinical-referred sample (N = 217, Mage = 9.55, SD = 1.79) of children. In the community sample, hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that parents of children with high levels of callous-unemotional traits were more likely to engage in inconsistent discipline but less in positive parental practices. In contrast, high levels of impulsivity-need for stimulation were related to inconsistent discipline. In the clinical sample, callous-unemotional traits were associated with less parental involvement and grandiose-deceitful dimension with high levels of inconsistent discipline. These findings suggest that the three psychopathy dimensions have unique relations with parental practices above and beyond CPs, proposing that parental practices may be influenced more strongly by psychopathic traits than by antisocial behavior.